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GABRIELLE HURIA

editorial

Cover Photo: Bill Gillies of Rapaki - the first Tangata Tiaki to be appointed inNew Zealand. Photographer: Lloyd Park

Tena koe,Everyone seems to be talking about the millennium - are our computersY2K compatible and will it be safe to go on a plane? Some are preparingfor electricity cuts and the resulting shortages of supplies and water. NgaiTahu are also busy, but our planning goes beyond the click over to thenew century to the year 2025. Within the next twelve months Te ROnangao Ngai Tahu plans to present the 25 year strategic plan to all tribalmembers. Over the past two months hui have been held throughout thecountry to get some tribal feed back as to future directions. Te Karakalooks at some of the average tribal statistics and talks to some of thewomen that these figures represent. What is their life like and where wouldthey like to see the tribe heading in the future?

On page 8 we provide a laymans guide to Ngai Tahu HoldingsCorporation governance framework. As tribal members we have a rightto know how the assets are being managed. The governance proceduresare not just a set of bureaucratic rules they are a framework that drivesstaff performance and accountability as well as allowing the structure toknow what is going on in any part of the corporation.

In the heart of winter we tend to be more aware of our health andJohn Broughton's piece provides us with an overview of the Maori healthissues that the Ngai Tahu Maori Health Research Unit have studied. DrErihana Ryan, Chair of Ngai Tahu Development Corporation is alsoprofiled. As a Ngai Tahu woman she is a role model of achievement andperseverance.

Speaking of role models southern rugby is not complete without theNgai Tahu contribution. All Black Tony Brown talks about his backgroundand his direct connections to TOhawaiki.

Ngai Tahu can also be proud to lay claim to one of the most qualifiedpilots in the Southern hemisphere. From an early age Steve Gunn pursuedhis dream of flying. He is living proof of what a person can achieve whenthey follow their bliss.

Ta Tipene O'Regan's paper on tribal connections to the landscapeprovides us with an often lyrical view of what differentiates Ngai Tahufrom the rest of the world when dealing with associations to our rohe.

Thank you very much for all your letters and articles. The anecdotesand the connections that are made from your contributions are the heartof the magazine. If your piece is not in this issue it will be in the next sokeep writing. We are also interested to hear your feed back and anysuggestions to improve te Karaka.

In the meantime read and enjoy and be sure to ring 0800 kai tahu tofollow up on any of the requests for further information.

Makariri I Winter 1999 TE KARAKA 1

Te Tapuae 0 RehuaKa tiea te pl. cawhiti - Nitere ultra fines

Issue 11 published July 1999

© Ngai Tahu Publications LimitedISSN No. 1173/6011

DESIGN Jenny Rendall

PRINTING Spectrum Print

PUBLISHER Ngai TahU Publications LtdPO Box 13046ChristchurchPhone 03-366 4344Fax 03-365 4424

Contributions and letters to the Editorshould be sent to:

TEKARAKAThe Editor

Office of Te ROnanga 0 Ngai TahuPO Box 13046

CHRISTCHURCH

THE NGAI TAHU MAGAZINEMakariri / Winter 1999

EDITOR Gabrielle Huria

CONTRIBUTORS Adrienne AndersonMark SolomonTrudie AllanRob TipaDonald CouchJohn BroughtonSir Tipene O'ReganMatiu PayneBrian KennedyWade HillClaire Kaahu WhitePaul WhiteTarlin PrendergastTerry RyanNelson TainuiJessica Sour

© 1995 The entire contents of Te Karaka are copyrightand may not be reproduced in any form either in partor in whole without the written permission of thepublisher. All letters addressed to Te Karaka will beassumed intended for publication unless clearlymarked "Not for Publication".

Opinions expressed in Te Karaka are those of thewriters and not necessarily endorsed by Te ROnanga 0

NgsiTahu.

them, taking the time to play, laughand talk with them. She providedguidance and supported many of ourteenagers through their turbulentadolescent years. For those of uscloser in age to Monica, she was aloving and caring sister and friendwho was always there to support ingood times and bad.

During her illness, she battledher cancer with a vengeance andremained positive right to the end.She gave hope and support topeople who were unwell and, evenwhen dying, was concerned forothers. Monica accepted that shewas dying and insisted on sayinggoodbye for herself. As a result,whanau and friends from across theTasman, from the North and all overTe Waipounamu came to see her inthe last two weeks and reminisced,laughed with her and bid theirfarewells to her. She had no fear ofdying, rather s.he looked forward toseeing and being with her motherand whanau on the other side.

Her passing leaves a void in ourlives, however her .memory and herdeeds, along with those of Rihi Ryanand Nora Kaio, will remain forever inthe hearts of the Marae andROnanga whanau.

Monica Marunui31 st May 1959 - 11 th March 1999

Monica Marunui was the daughter ofKaria Pera (Whakatohea) andNgaire Hanning, who was adescendant of Esther Pura (NgaiTOahuriri). Monica was a member ofTe Rangimarie Cultural Group inBluff for 25 years and a very activemember of Te Rau Aroha Marae,Awarua Maori Women's WelfareLeague and Te ROna!sa 0 Awarua.During the late 1980s Monica was atrainer for our ACCESS courses andthe rapport she had with her studentscontributed greatly to theirdevelopment. Her love of food madeher one of the best hosts on themarae. She actively demonstratedthe principle of "aroha ki te iwi".

Monica was a larger than lifeperson who loved people, sheshowed this in the way shecommunicated and interacted withothers. Her ability to lift people'sspirits, particularly in times ofsadness or pressure, was a gift. Ifyou needed a boost, Monica wouldgive it. Her humour and laughterwere infectious.

While she and her husbandVance had no children of their own,"Aunty Moc" played a huge role in thelives of all our children at the marae,including her own nephews andnieces. She was wonderful with

Ki a koe te.luahine, ko koe te wahine toa, te wahine tina pai

Haere e hine, haere ki to whaea, ki 0 tatou tupuna

r Moe mai ra i roto i te manaakitanga 0 to tatou Atua

Haere, haere, haere atu raw

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Tony likao-Barrett Memorial Trophy

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embryo as their main symbol and are based on SouthIsland Maori Rock Drawings, found I believe on someNgai Tahu meeting houses. Tony's wife Nancy told methat the same design had been used on the cover of abook produced for an anniversary celebration at Rapaki,so I felt that it was an appropriate design consideringthat Tony is buried there. Because the carving can beviewed all round, the designs are repeated to give thewhole thing balance and symmetry.

The pTtau design on the top surface seemedappropriate, being one of the main designs found inkowhaiwhai and used in rafter decoration patterns andalso as a surface decoration, as it is in this case.

We took the carving to the 28 Maori BattalionReunion held in Christchurch in 1972 where it waspresented to the Reunion Committee who were then todecide what it would be used for. I am pleased to knowthat it is being competed for by the South Island MaoriWomen's Welfare League for bestAnnual Report, writtenand oral and also mihi. I could think of nothing betterand I am sure that if Matt Te Hau whose idea it was, wasstill alive he too would approve.

By Don Barrett

Enjoy your retirement George.

Thank you to George Te Auwho resigned as Te ROnangao Ngai Tahu representative forWaihopai ROnanga in March.George had been therepresentative since TeROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu wasestablished in 1991 and priorto that was the delegate forROna!sa Nui 0 Tahu. Georgesays he learnt a lot during histime with Te ROnanga 0 Ngai

Tahu under the chairmanship of both Charles Crofts andMark Solomon - "they were both very good chairmen".When asked how he would describe his time with TeROnanga he expressed all with one word - "awesome!"George's replacement is Michael Skerrett.

Private Victor SpencerReaders will recall the tragic story of Private VictorSpencer featured in the Raumati 1997 edition of teKaraka. Private Spencer, along with four other NewZealand soldiers, was court-martialled and executed inEurope during World War One. The five soldiers wereaccused of desertion. They were in fact suffering fromshell-shock, a term coined during the First World Warinitially for soldiers who were found dead without physicalinjuries but later used to describe soldiers suffering fromwhat is known today as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.

In 1998, more than eighty years after the executionstook place, Invercargill MP Mark Peck introduced a billto Parliament to have the five soldiers pardoned. Thebill has been referred to a Select Committee who haveappointed retired Court of Appeal judge Sir EdwardSomers to conduct an independent review of the cases.His report is due in September of this year. No outcomeswill be decided until the findings of that report are known.

Some time ago during a conversation with my relation,Aroha Reriti-Crofts, mention was made of the Tony Tikao­Barrett Memorial Trophy and the fact that many peoplewere unaware of how it came about or its meaning.Because I had carved the trophy, I thought an article inte Karaka might be the best way to explain it.

We lived in Auckland for many years after the warand during that time I was a member of the 28 MaoriBattalion Auckland Branch Committee. Shortly after TonyTikao died, Matiu Te Hau, a fellow member of theAuckland Committee and a man many of you wouldremember, suggested to me that it might be a good ideato do a carving as a memorial to Tony, to be used forsome worthwhile competition.

In deciding what form the carving should take I castmy thoughts back to when I joined the 28 Maori Battalionin Italy and, as most reinforcements did, I liked to listento the stories of the "old hands", those that had servedduring the earlier campaigns. One of them, whose nameI can no longer recall, talked about Tony as having beenan excellent officer who won the Military Cross duringthe battle of Alamein at Deir EI Munassib Depression,where he was severely wounded. During another battlehe became very ill and should have been relieved andsent out, but he refused to leave his men until they wererelieved by other troops. His men then had to carry himout because he was too weak and ill to walk.

Looking at the carving, the figure at each endrepresents his men carrying and guarding him. Thecentre section represents the 28 Maori Battalionmonogram of crossed tewhatewha and taiaha, I havereplaced the taiaha with a toki rakauroa. The woodenshafts of the toki rakauroa and the tewhatewha representhis Maori ancestry while the iron axehead represents hisEuropean ancestry. The side panels have the kiwi

Ahakoa iti, he pounamuNews and reviews from members of Ngai Tahu Whanui

From the Kaiwhakahaere

Te Parekura 0 te IwiA personal viewpoint on ROna!5a by Matiu Payne

He Ara Tika - Vision Ngai Tahu 2025Developing a plan for the future

Looking After the MoneyNgai Tahu Holdings Corporation Governance

Young AchieversNgai Tahu Rangatahi flying high

Keeping Te Reo AliveTe Ataarangi Hui-a-tau

Harriet Belsham JPThe first Maori woman JP in Te Waipounamu

Ngai Tahu Adopt Strategy on Health and Social Services

Kai Tahu Doctor awarded Harkness Fellowship

Te Ara HauoraThe Ngai Tahu Maori Health Research Unit

News from the Whakapapa UnitThe latest news from the Whakapapa Unit

Dr Erihana Ryan, the Ngai Tahu Development Chair

Scholarship RecipientsPapatipu ROna!5a Scholarships

1999 !:S.a POtea Post Graduate Scholarships

Development Corporation

Nohoanga and Cultural RedressAJupdate from the Settlement Implementation Unit

Maori Identity in the Aotearoa Landscape - an Old Culture in the NewCenturyA recent address by Sir Tipene O'Regan at a conference in Canberra

Party at Tony Brown's CarisbrookWe meet the young Otago and All Black Rugby Player

Book ReviewDon Couch reviews An Unsettled History: Treaty Claims in New Zealand Today

and Kokiri NgatahilLiving Relationships: The Treaty in the New Millenium

Matauraka Kai Tahu

Celebrating difference· Kai Tahu and disability

Customary FisheriesWhat's been happening in Customary Fisheries

Crossword

Maori: The New TraditionalistJessica Sour shares her experience ofgrowing up Maori

What's Cooking?The chocolate lover's dream

Ngai Tahu NoticeboardGeneral information and upcoming events

Tarnariki rna

Ka Reta - Letters to the Editor

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Photos (L-R):

Sir Tipene O'Regan, second only to Aprilleremia, tries outthe flying fox.

Edward Ellison, receiving his instructions from JerryHohneck, was out for a bit of adventure on his birthday.

Members of the Ellison whanau with Jerry and WinkyHohneck.

Photos courtesy of Odele Stehlin, Ngai Tahu DevelopmentCorporation

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Skippers Canyon LaunchNgai Tahu Holdings Corporation recently launched theirjoint venture with the Pipeline Bungy operation in theSkippers Canyon. It was a magnificent day for Ngai Tahuwhanui and manuhiri who made the arduous journey intothe canyon for the day.

A particularly special moment was the presentationof a koha to Jerry and Winky Hohneck by the Ellisonwhanau to commemorate their connections with thecanyon. The koha is a photo of Raniera Ellison, whodiscovered gold in Skippers Canyon in 1862. It will behung in the visitors' complex.

Positive MoveFor MiioriTourism

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ErratumTe Karaka wishes to apologise to Lynden Barr, a pastChairman of the Board of Te Reo Iriralsi ki Otautahiand Tahu FM, who was inadvertently omitted from thelist of Kaumatua and Past Board Members in the article"Tahu FM becomes Mai FM" featured in the last issue.

The recent appointmentof Wally Stone to the NewZealand Tourism Board isa positive move for Maoritourism. Wally has beenthe CEO of Whale WatchKaikoura for the pastseven years and hasmade a significant

contribution both to tourism and to the Kaikouracommunity over that time. Congratulations Wally, mayyour time on the Board be rewarding and prosperous.

the size of New Zealand - as part of their settlement.Other aspects of the settlement included a cash payoutof more than 1 billion over 14 years, title to 18 percent ofthe land, and sub-surface mineral rights over wide areas.While in Te Waipounamu the students visited Ngati MokiMarae, Taumutu, Takahanga Marae in Kaikoura, KaiapoiPa, and met with staff at Te Waipounamu House.

J'

Fifteen Inuit students recently visited Te ROnanga 0 NgaiTahu. The students were visiting as part of a "futureleaders" training programme based in Ottawa. The Inuits,(previously known as North American Eskimos) havebeen negotiating substantial land claims in Canada formore than thirty years. On 15t April 1999 they took controlof 20 percent of Canada's total area with the creation ofthe new territory of Nunavut - an area about eight times

4 TE KARAKA Makarir; / Winter 1999

Inuit StUdents Visit Te Ronanga 0 Ngii Tahu

» International Recognition for:J: Ngai Tahu Surveyor» William Alexander (Bill)

" Robertson has been

Oawarded an honorarydoctorate in surveying» from the University ofMelbourne.==i The doctorate is in

_ recognition of his survey-... ing work, both in New:J: Zealand and overseas.

m Bill's career highlightsinclude managing the

." restructuring of the

ODepartment of Survey

and Land Information and his appointment as aC Commissioner on the UN Iraq/Kuwait Boundary

Z Demarcation Commission at the end of the Gulf War.He is also actively involved in international affairs,» particularly for the United Nations and the World Bank.s: Bill has a special interest in indigenous land issues.He attributes this to his Ngai Tahu heritage. Bill affiliates

C to Rakiura through his paternal grandmother.Kia ora Bill.

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when she is at the marae everyone pitches in andgets on. The kids also run around with their cousinsand she feels it's good for them to know where theycome from and who their relations are,

With all the publicity in recent years about theclaim, Mere feels her children will know a lot moreabout who they are than she did. As a child she wasat the marae every weekend doing kapa haka but itwasn't until she was having children herself that sherealised she came from Ngai Tahu. These days Merefeels the emergence of a strong Ngai Tahu identitywill help her children accept and feel good aboutthemselves.

For the future, Mere does not expect to benefitfrom the settlement until much later in life. Because ithas taken so long for Ngai Tahu to achieve, she feelsit will take time for people to decide what to do withthe benefit. However, she does expect her childrenand her grandchildren to benefit. Like her parents shewants to see her children grow up and have the bestopportunities available to them. Access to educationis the essential area where the tribe can add benefit.As a parent on a low income, she can only do so muchand if they need help in education, she would likethem to be able to get help from Ngai Tahu.

In the short term rather than anything financialshe would like to see more support for single parents.Mere would like to see more parenting courses,advice networks and organised time out for parentsduring times of stress. Mere knows many young NgaiTahu girls who are kids having kids aAd ao not knowabout child health and nutrition. They often have nopre-natal care because they do not feel comfortableabout going to a Pakeha doctor. They turn up at thehospital when it's time to have the baby and managewhile they are breastfeeding but have no idea whatto do when the baby moves onto solids. Access tofree marae based medical care was one suggestion.Ngai Tahu is well positioned to prOVide a helpfulnetwork and to educate.

"The future influences the present as much asthe past. " - Nietzshe. Ngai Tahu has spent the lastone hundred and fifty years rectifying the past. Thepresent must be a springboard into a future whereNgai Tahu members like Mere and her children haveaccess to quality Ngai Tahu resources.

by Gabrielle Huria

What is life like for the face behind the1898 census statistics?To find out, te Karaka interviewed several Ngai Tahuwomen that 'fit' the average statistics from the censusand came up with a composite Ngai Tahu womanwe've named Mere.

The average Ngai Tahu woman interviewed wason about $12,000 a year supporting two children.Talking of her life and her present state trying to makeends meet and keep ahead of the constant needs ofher children left little time for star gaZing.

Her education had been minimal, attending alocal high school and leaving with two subjectspassed in School Certificate. Achieving the twosubjects was considered a fluke because Mere hadvery little interest in the school system. Learning about"dead white guys" had little relevance to her familyand community and any Maori education was limiteddue to a shortage of trained teachers. School was aplace where you met your friends and founainteresting and ingenious ways to escape. During theearly eighties she had briefly attended the after-schooltraining offered by Ngai Tahu but the lack of parentalsupervision over a rebellious teenager meant theclasses were more often wagged.

After a series of short-term jobs, Mere was hapOat 17. Being pregnant was exciting and accepted aspart of daily life in her family. Mere saw the birth ofher first child as an entry into adulthood. She triedliving with the father of her children for a short timebut he could not adapt easily to the responsibilities ofparenthood. He had a job and they planned to buy ahouse however two years and another child later heleft seeking a single life.

Mere went on a domestic purposes benefit andhas been juggling finances ever since. As her oldestchild is asthmatic, a trip to the doctor's can cost up to$30 with a community services card. This is enoughto blow the $231 weekly budget. Mere flats with acousin and they share the bills. Her house is smalland tidy. In the summer she plays in the local touchteam and really enjoys the social interaction. In thewinter she goes to housie every now and then withher cousins. She loves helping out at the marae andenjoys the support that her wider family offers. Evenif she doesn't get on with some members of her family

English and 36 in every 100 have noformal qualifications whilst one thirdof the total Ngai Tahu populationsmoke.

Over the next twelve months TeROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu will bedeveloping the 25 year strategicplan. The aim is to seek your inputto marry financial and socialelements - to provide a map for ourfuture development. Over the pasttwo months, representatives fromthe tribal organisation haveembarked on a roadshow to givetribal members the opportunity tocontribute to the planning process.The information provided by you thetribal member will help develop thestrategic plan. It is important to haveyour say. If you have not been ableto make it to the roadshow hui thenwrite a letter outlining your ideas:

Mark SolomonKaiwhakahaereTe ROnanga 0 Ngai TahuPO Box 13046Christchurch

Will being Ngai Tahu be any differentnext century than it has been thiscentury? The former is probably thebiggest challenge that Te ROnangao Ngai Tahu faces. Settlement of theNgai Tahu claim was the stake in theground from which our futuresuccess as an iwi will be measured.

To understand where NgaiTahu are heading and to determinepriorities for spending we need tomeasure our present well-being interms of the average Ngai Tahu andhealth, employment, culturalcompetency, education, economicpositioning and housing. Awarenessand understanding of their currentsituation will give us the opportunityto measure future success.

The 1996 census providedsome interesting statistics. Theaverage Ngai Tahu is under 30 yearsold. They are urban Maori living in asingle family household with four ormore people. If they are female, theyhave an annual income of about$11,600 and about $20,000 if theyare male. Compare this to theaverage New Zealand wage of$24,OOO! The majority speak only

He Ara IkaVision Ngli Tabu 2025

f Ngai Tahu were to look backover the twentieth century, thedominant themes would be

adaptation and adjustment to a neworder that was no longer in tribalcontrol. Settlement of te keremedominated tribal life. At the portal ofthe new millennium, we found ananswer to that long search for justice.

We have the $170 million ­including the "bolt-ons" and someprudent investment we have grownthat settlement figure to over $200million. Today's economic positionhas been hard won; there are nosecond chances and no room formistakes, hence the well-developedgovernance procedures for NgaiTahu Holdings Corporation on page8.

Two questions tribal membersmay be asking are: what impact willsettlement have on my family's life?

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Brian Kennedy

Our objectives in putting together the NTHC Groupgovernance framework were:• To focus on operational performance not merely

compliance with a management system;• To reasonably ensure that the Group is operating

on a basis that is documented, understood andapproved;

• To ensure that decisions are made inaccordance with understood principles and atan appropriate level of seniority;

• To ensure that decentralised individualenterprise is encouraged and not stifled bycentralised bureaucratic control.

This involves a fine balance of process andprocedures and we believe that we havesubstantially achieved our objectives. Theframework is always capable of improvement andall suggestions are encouraged.

The money will not be spent unwisely or unfairly.There is a plan and a structure to ensure that thesettlement funds are a base for the future developmentof Ngai Tahu. The structure will allow us to run a tough,commercially sensible operation that still has the bestinterests of the greatest number at heart.

by Gabrielle Huria

Mobile Phone _

E-mail _

Date -------------------

For all Ngai Tahu Contractors, Sub-contractors and Suppliers

Ngai Tabu Register

Date of Birth _

Occupation _

Signature _

Fax _

Phone _

Business Address _

Details of Partnership or Company Ownership _

Name (as it appears on the Ngai Tahu roll) _

If you are on the Ngai Tahu roll and are interested in submitting your name to the Ngai Tahu Register of Contractors,

Sub-contractors and Suppliers, please complete this form and return to:Ngai Tahu Register, Public Affairs, Ngai Tahu Group Management, PO Box 13-046, Christchurch.

Partnership or Company Name (where applicable)

I/We, --------------------------------------give permission for my/our details to be published in the Ngai Tahu Register of Contractors, Sub-contractors and

Suppliers and for those details to be made available to contractors or suppliers who are preparing tenders for Ngai

Tahu Holdings Corporation or any of its subsidiaries.

subsidiaries should perform their tasks. Among otherthings, the manuals discuss how the boards themselvesare appraised. Who checks their performance? Whathappens if the budget is overspent on a particularproject? Who is responsible for ensuring that this doesn'thappen?The manuals also set the accounting standardsfor every company in the Corporation - what recordsshould be kept, and how.

There are procedures for buying assets. What isthe asset worth? What will Ngai Tahu get out of it? Howlong will it take for the asset to make money? If the assetis being bought for some social purpose, how is it to bemeasured and who is accountable for the non­commercial outcome? Who can approve the purchase?

The more the asset costs, the more senior themanager must be who approves it. As we said at thebeginning of this article major purchases have to beapproved by Te ROnanga - the elected representativesof the iwi - rather than just by Holdings Corporation.

Under the settlement deed, the iwi also has rightsto acquire assets and land from the Crown. Theprocedures lay down how they should go about this.There are human resources policies - how do companiesin the Corporation find the people they need to do thejob? How do they recruit these people? How do they trainthem? What salaries do they pay? What happens whensomeone doesn't perform? All of these issues need tobe thought through in advance.

Instructions are given to managers on a specialform that records the date and how much money is to bespent. The form is signed by the person giving theinstruction and by the person receiving it. Every time theysign, they are promising to carry out the instruction inaccordance with the policies and procedures of theHoldings Corporation. It should be absolutely clear whois responsible for what, so we can ensure that themanagers deliver. Holdings Corporation also has atreasury management department, that manage themoney for all the subsidiary companies and for TeROnanga's other financial activities. They make sure thatwhen the Corporation borrows money it gets the lowestpossible interest rate. If the Corporation lends moneythen they make sure it earns the highest possible interest.They ensure that the money is not used to speculate onthe stock market or the foreign exchange markets. Thetreasury also manages foreign currency and makes surethe Corporation can always pay its debts. As well, theykeep an eye on how the money is handled in thesubsidiary companies. The board of HoldingsCorporation has an audit sub-committee. This committeeconducts inquiries into how the subsidiaries have beendoing business. Any director on the Holdings Corporationboard can ask for this sub-committee to run a spot checkon any of the companies at any time.

ow that the government has settled the Ngai Tahuclaim what happens to the money? How do wemake sure that the money grows and that iwi

members will benefit fairly and equally? The Ngai TahuHoldings Corporation Limited Group of Companies guardand grow the money, passing the profits on to TeROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu and Ngai Tahu DevelopmentCorporation (NTDC). NTDC spends their funds oneducation, health, rOnanga and cultural development,and customary fisheries. This article discusses howHoldings Corporation works, and how we ensure thatthe money is properly looked after.

Holdings Corporation is the parer;1t companyresponsible for the subsidiaries. The subsidiaries are thecompanies that actually run the various businesses forexample, Ngai Tahu Fisheries and Ngai Tahu PropertyGroup. Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu is the ultimateshareholder - the 18 representatives from the maraeappoint the directors of Holdings Corporation, approvethe business plan, check off the major investmentdecisions and OK the appointment or removal of thedirectors of the subsidiary companies. In this way weensure that the really important decisions are made bythe iwi, while the managers of the Holdings Corporationand its various subsidiaries can get on with the day-to­day running of the businesses.

This article is based on the NTHC governance documentrecently used to publicise how the Ngai Tahu businessstructure will work. For the magazine, we've simplified thedocument considerably. If you'd like to know more, youare entitled to a copy of the full document. Dial 0800 KAITAHU (that's 0800 524 8248) and we'll send you a copy.

The subsidiary companies are run by boardsappointed by Holdings Corporation. At least two of theboard members of each company must be experts inthat particular industry - whether or not they are NgaiTahu. Their job is to ensure that the business runseffectively. There must also be a Ngai Tahu member, withsome management or business experience there to gainvaluable senior governance experience.

The board of the Holdings Corporation has toensure that the subsidiary companies are well run andcomply with the law. Each subisidiary company reportsto them every three months saying it has complied withthe management standards of the Corporation. Forexample, the fishing company might have to report thatit has completed work on all legal requirements in respectof the fishing quota it owns or leases. The subsidiaryboards have to think carefully before they make decisionsthat might risk Ngai Tahu funds - their written reports willmake them responsible for the consequences.

There is also a system of manuals and proceduresthat dictate how executives and the boards of the

Looking Alter the MoneyNgli Tabu Holdings

8 TE KARAKA Makarir; I Winter 1999

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In the last issue of te Ka,.aka, Aunt Magda'S poroporoaki mentioned her as the firstMaori Woman JP in the South. It was in fact Harriet Belsham, who received thishonour in 194&. The following article was submined to te Ka,.aka by Harriet Belsham'sdaughter, Fay Haig of Invercargill.

Harriet BelshamJustice of the Peace

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• Should a permit system be used?• Who should fund the use and development of

nohoanga?• Should nohoanga sites be developed?• What nohoanga sites should receive priority in being

made operative?Some key trends have already been emerging from thehui:• That in the short term the central structure, being Te

ROnanga itself or a unit within Te ROnanga, shouldcontinue to manage the property interests for NgaiTahu, with devolution of responsibilities to papatipurOnanga over time where appropriate.

• That papatipu rOnanga should be involved in themanagement of property interests to fulfil their rightsand responsibilities as kaitiaki.

• That management of nohoanga should involve bothTe ROnanga and papatipu rOnanga.

• That a permit system should be adopted to controlaccess to and the use of nohoanga entitlements.

As nohoanga are theoretically available for use as earlyas August of this year, that is assuming resource consentand related management issues can be resolved thatquickly, the Settlement Implementation Unit is makingissues relating to the management of nohoanga the firstpriority for the development of policy.

For further information or comments contact Wade Hillof the Settlement Implementation Unit, phone: 03 3712756, fax: 033777 833, e-mail: wadeh@ngaitahu.iwi.nz.

Nohoanga and CulturalRedress Properties

art of the cultural redress received by Te ROnangao Ngai Tahu from the Crown includes variousproperty interests. These include 72 nohoanga

(camping) entitlements on Crown land and 35 "tribalproperties", over which Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu hasvarious forms of ownership and control. These propertyinterests are to be managed primarily for their cultural,historical, mahinga kai and conservation values.

Currently the Settlement Implementation Unit ismanaging these property interests on behalf of TeROnanga, pending policy decisions on how they shouldbe managed in the long term.

During May the Settlement Implementation Unitheld a series of hui with papatipu rOnanga to discussissues relating to development and implementation ofpolicy for cultural redress properties and nohoanga. Aseries of questions were put to those hui to encouragediscussion on the key issues. Responses will now beused to provide direction in formulating an options paperto be put before Te ROnanga at the July meeting.

In addition to this, a panui summarising the keyquestions has been sent to papatipu rOnanga so that theymay discuss the issues themselves prior to the TeROnanga meeting, and forward any further feedback tothe Settlement Implementation Unit.Some of the key questions relating to the managementof the use of nohoanga were:• How and by whom should nohoanga be managed?• If management of nohoanga is to be devolved, how

should this occur?

In 1934 Harriet Belsham was nominated by ErueraTirikatene to be the South Island Maori Representativeto go to Wellington and meet the Duke of Gloucester onhis official visit to New Zealand. The Duke presentedher with a walking stick cut from Royal Oak and inscribedin Latin with the motto of the Order of the Garter: "Evilbe to him who evil thinks". She was to cherish and usethe walking stick for the rest of her life.

In 1946 in recognition of her work in the area forher people she was made a Justice of the Peace - thefirst Maori woman to have this honour conferred on her.

Toward the end of her life she became a patient atthe Riverton Hospital. Known widely by this time asAunty Pat, she was revered by staff and patients. Shewas a person of great dignity and had earned the respectof her people. On her seventy-seventh birthday thematron informed her that she was about to have animportant visitor. The visitor was the Governor-General,Sir Bernard Fergusson on his first official visit toSouthland. Upon his arrival he began conversing withHarriet in Maori. They chatted for a while and as he wasleaving he turned to her and said "kia ora Patty", at whichpoint Harriet began to sing "Now is the Hour" in Maori.All those who had gathered joined in. Sir BernardFergusson came back to her bedside and waited thereuntil she had finished by which time many of thosepresent were in tears. It was a birthday that Aunty Patremembered for the rest of her days.

ne of Southland's most distinguished Maoriwomen was Mrs Harriet Belsham JP. Born in 1889,Harriet was the daughter of Ratimira and Susan

Te Au. Ratimira, a descendant of Thomas Te Au, wasborn in 1815 and lived at Colac Bay. Harriet's motherSusan was born at The Neck, Stewart Island, and wasthe daughter of Robert Lowry Ballantyne and SusanNewton (a descendant of Wharetutu and GeorgeNewton).

Susan Newton was about fifteen years old whenshe married Ratimira Te Au and went to live in ColacBay. After landing at Riverton they walked over theLongwood Hill on the cattle tracks, where Ratimirapointed across the bay to where their new home wouldbe.

Harriet Violet was one of Ratimira and Susan'seleven children. She married Francis James Belsham,a steward on the "English Star". They settled in ColacBay and had six children: Mani, Hakui, Fay, Gordon, Iwi,and one who died in infancy.

Muttonbirding was a way of life for the Te Au familyand Harriet was taken down to the Muttonbird Islandsfrom a young age. In her day, there were no permanentdwellings and they simply built maimai for themselveson landing. Three parties would row down in a whaleboat complete with kelp bags and totara bark for use inbringing the muttonbirds back.

Harriet eventually became a supervisor on theMuttonbird Islands. She was renowned for her kindnessto fishermen, who during the muttonbirding season wouldcome from the eastside to fish. At the end of the daythey anchored at Rerewhakaupoko (Solomon's Island).There was a story told many times about a fishermanwho had been ashore for dinner and whom Harriet hadgiven a batch of scones on his departure. As he wasrowing back to his boat he called out: "I may use themfor sinkers tomorrow Aunty Pat".

Harriet was a talented singer and formed a Maoriconcert party that toured around western Southland andperformed in the local Murihiku Hall. Bob Te Au led thehaka. Their concerts were well patronised, with peoplecoming from as far away as Invercargill. The eveningswould end with supper and dancing. The Ka Pai MaoriDance Band and, occasionally, the Syncopator DanceBand, led by Bertie Beadle on the drums, TassieGoodwillie at the piano and Alex McKay on the violin,provided the music.

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10 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1999, >

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Maori Identity in the Aotearoa Landscapean old Cultupe in the New Centupy

Parinui 0 Whiti, White Bluffs, Kaikoura. Photo by Anne Noble.

ver the last three decades ithas become almost con­ventional in Aotearoa for

Maori interests to assert a particularidentification with the landscape ata level distinct from that asserted onbehalf of the general population byenvironmental lobbies of differentshades of green and other non­Maori heritage lobbies.

This assertion has beenrecognised to some degree in avariety of statutes and has been

12 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1999

more or less reflective of varyingperceptions of Maori interestssecured and guaranteed by theTreaty of Waitangi. The now defunctTown and Country Planning Actprovided for the recognition of Maoriidentification with the naturalenvironment in a range of respectsas a "matter of national importance"which tribunals and planners wererequired to take into account. Thisprovision was carried forward by thenew and much debated Resource

Management Act. The ConservationAct contains the most powerfulstatutory provision on the Treaty inlaw where it requires the Act to be"administered so as to give effect tothe principles of the Treaty ofWaitangi" - a provision which has yetto be adequately tested by thecourts. The New Zealand Geo­graphic Board Act accords extensivepriority to the status and recordingof original Maori names and isstructured to maximise its capacity

to do so. There are numerous otherstatutory references and proVisionsaimed at recognising Maoriassociations with the landscape andwith heritage on mountain, plain andcoast.

I would not like to assume,however, that these statutoryreferences are much more thantoeholds of identity recognition.Generally the ground remainsfiercely contested and there issubstantial political and bureaucratic

resistance to any generosity ofeffective accommodation of theMaori heritage interest in either thecoastal zone or in the landscape.This is particularly so when thatMaori interest is articulated as beingon the basis of Treaty derivation,different from that accorded groupsor interests within the generalpopulation. To be fair, though, I ambound to say that there is nowadaysno shortage of perfunctory "capdoffing" to Maori consultation. One

encounters, from time to time,sincere effort to secure Maoriinclusion in both the consultation andplanning processes. This does notprevent the ground from continuingto be contested.

In summary then, there is incontemporary New Zealand far moreprovision than there was thirty yearsago for the recognition of Maoriheritage interest, identification withlandscape, customary use rights - inthe coast at least, and in con-

Makariri I Winter 1999 TE KARAKA 13

"How then are Ngli Tahu going to walk throughthis ancient landscape in the new century - this

landscape scarred by memory?"

coast just makes it the more culture in my generation. It will all bepersonal. It enhances the sense of residue with no meaning, lawspossession and gives it more without substance, hollo.w things,immediacy. - _... -- husks of an older generation's

How then are Ngai Tahu going history.to walk through this ancient If we have failed to ensure thatlandscape in the new century - this they have the capacity to walk thelandscape scarred by memory? How coast and the mountains of ourwill tile coming generations of our island, to fly over its chiefly cloak oftribe see this land and this coast? snow arid look upon our place andWill they sing to it? Will they sing the klTow and care that, that is the womb~Ldsongso",willtheysingtheirown? _ .from which we spring as a people.Will they sing of the same things? That this is the source of who and

If they are to know the what we are - Ngai Tahu.rvemo"ries and identify with the They will still be people and Itieritage. If they are to lock their hope that they will be happy. But theidentity to the old places with -the ever-running brooks of eco-babblechains of whakapapa, then it will only will have triumphed and the dullbe because we in our time have been green bureaucrats of protection willsucoessful in delivering those be supreme. The mountains wjll still

. mempries and that whakapapa tQ ~ be there, and the- coasts will stil!~hem JJ we have been successful, thunder and the rivers wit run andth,en the tourist values and the the rocks will stano.,Buuhe scars in

. beauty afld all the eco-speak of tfle the land will have no' mem<:>!y andlobbies will be as incidental to them -there will be new names. Theas tney are to-us. If w~ have oeen histories will sleep in catalogues andsuccessful' In our delivery they will data banks and no one will sing tolook upon a river and know its name the land. .and who died there. They will look at They will have legal standinga rockand know Who was born tbere but in terms of cultural and tribaland where battles were fought and identity they will have nothing towhere peace was made. Most of all, ~ stand on. They will no longer bethey will care th~t it was so and possessed by their whakapapa tocherish tile knowledge that those the place. As a consequence theymemories are part of their being - of will no longer possess the heritagewt-lo and what they are as Ngai Tahu that it carries - th"ey will no longer be

.. people. Ngai Tahu.And whatof all the stuff I started" Whilst failure may be

with, The statutory prOVision, the contemplated, that is why it is. protections in the planning law, the unthinkable. .right to be consulted by Parliament,.the right to fish in a given place ·toeat tnT in season and the recogl)itionofTreary rights - all those things thatwe have ground out from the power

"How will the coming generations of our tribe seethis land and this coast?"

how that name has been shiftedthrough the Pacific over centuries, ofthe minds that carried and replantedit in this-remote p .ace:- 0 ··''Hieassociations with my ancestors, ofthe battles, the marriages, the deathsand the lovemaking. The hungerthey knew and how they coped withheat and cold. I am the Upoko of themarae Awarua in the far south ofNew Zealand. I know that Avarua isthe capitalof Rarotonga and that thesmall island outside of my Awarua iscalled RarotoRa. Thi& is only ofpassing interest. What is importantis that my gtandparents and,.myuncles are buried on the 'hilltop ""above the port. Thatmy g andfatherfished from tnat pon unger ~ait andthat fqr centuries my mathe's peoplelived there a d eft annually fromhere to go. to theisJands still turthersOl:Jth and that m usins are onthose islands toda muttehbirding:

The~· isa C1ifference" not of kindbut of degree. hen I voyage thesouthem coasfs tEr Fiordland andlook upon that incredible landscapeand stand awed by its raw andterrifying beauty, I know thetraditional stories anQ placenames ofthose regions and I love telling tbemto our young. They re more distant,not so personalln too' sense"of mygrandparents' graves, but jn tellingthe stories there is a sense ofpossessjon and of being possessedof beJonging. That sense is. viewedthrough the .prism· 0 descent­whakapapa fhat goes. back to thegods that made th~t ar:1Qscap~ andthe aDcestors wH!?. C!r~rl'a ep theminto existence as their way"Of comingto terms with . ,/.To know that my,grandfather and his sons saited that

genealogy. It is whakapapa whichconnects people to each other andwhich connects people to the land.Our whak'apapa connects us to ourmythology and our mythology isrooted in the land and in the sea.Ultimately we descend from our gods- whatever Darwin might haveconcludeo. Our beliefs about howour mythical ancestors shaped theland for occupation by our mortal andthen our historic ancesto-rs arecentral to our songs ana our songsare central to our identity: The rootof whakapapa in the landscape andin tbe coast ties us to the land and tothe sea. Our forbears explored andmapped the land intheir oral atlases,.they systemised their observation ofnatureby creating ataxonomy ~asedon whakapapaand they locked theirview of creation-onto thm taxonomy.I recall talking one nrgbt to a NgaiTahu meeti[1ghouse-, full ofYO\Jngstefs who the next day wereg01ng to visit our tribal ",ountainAoralsi - many of them f9r~tne first

.,)ime:"'J told them of the creation andofAoralsi the ancestor, son of the firstmarriage of Ra.!Si, our sky father. I toldthem of our descent from them andfrom Aoralsi's brothers and sisters. Iconcluded by saying to them: ''anwhen tomorrow you look uponAoralsi, you won't just be looking at amountain, you'll be looking atyour-self in the face!".

When I come to a place Wit .our huge Ngai Tahu domain and Itliink about its name an those whonamed it I'm fJot paying 'lij:lene theschola~ and dw 'hng on the s~stems

and the categorisati ns of. tne ~ewZealalllo GeQgrap:hic :,6oard. I'mmuc more likely..to b9thinking about

14 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1999

<-en-ozeno."."c:-I servation management. This change much of the heritage andc: has not come about from New identification discourse was:r:t Zealand having been overwhelmed essentially supportive of direct

with brotherlit-Love,_cro:S-s-caltural OWfrGl'sFiip C1aims t flas Deentolerance or public devotion to the sufficiently prevalent to have a life ofprinciples of the Treaty of Waitangi. its own - beyond the ownershipIt has been truilt 01') a b " e);)f dogged Treaty property rights issue.an l3er-sistent litigation, grinding The articulation of thesenegotiation and debilitating cost. The concerns about culturalstatutory provision for protection of identification, historical associationthe Maori interest~that exists today and emotional attachment to placeis the detritus of that glacial pfOcess. had meshed quite usefully with

I set to one side the question of _ heritage intere_sts of the widerMaori capacity fo effective - ociety. Consequentially, in the early

L-:" contribution in the structures within stages at least, the New Zealandwhich they have now secured some Historic Places Trust andvoice. I leave aside as well the archaeological site protectionquestion of the appropriate programmes provided a_welcomingrepresentational base for the Maori base from which Maori concerns andvoice, questions of mandate and aspirations could be promoted. Theintra-Maori conflict. Most of those Pakeha majority within SUCh.questions reflect relativ~ stages of structures saw the Maori presencedevelopment, education, tribal as Suppo'Ttive rather than asorganisation and fin~ncial cost. They threatEming or competitive. Theare essentially evolutionary, welcome began to-wear thin_although, a major question of cultural however as Maori 6ecame maredifference in approach. assertive in their desire to control

There has- been much their own tribal and regional heritag-eacademic observatioRolthe factthat and as the heritage and culturalmany of the more significant Treaty identification dimensions began toclaims heard -by the Waitangi become more aligned with TreatyTribunal feature environmental and property rights claims. This thinnin!i]resource issuesjis major or central of the welcome resulted as onelements. These have related to would expect in "restructuring" andrivers, lakes, forests, geothermal funding reviews and eventually. inresources and coastal fisheries. some form of separation whichSome have focussed on the effects "recognised" Maori "autonom~".of landuse policy in the early colonial What then, is the substance ofperiod and subsequently. In the case this Maori cultura identification withof Ngai Tahu people, the destruction land cape-and the coast, with waterof wetlands and the consequent and mountain, with species anadiminution of our mahinga kai wec resources? Wha:! is its nature anda major feature of compJaint before exten ? Is it for r~al?

the Tribunal, a as the depletio Of At the core of the Maori view afsea fisheries resources. ~Ithough land cape is whakapapa or

Caps $15.00Black with Ngai Tahu DevelopmentCorp. logo

Tamariki Alphabet Frieze ­$5.00 each

Tamariki Number Frieze orBook: Te Kete aRakaihautu - $5.00 each

Credit Cards: 0 Visa 0 Mastercard 0 Other

Sports Bags $25.00Black & blue with orange NgaiTahu Development Corp. logo

Ngai Tahu Children'sBooks $5.00 eachTe Waka Huia (Te Reo Maori)Te Waka Huia (English)

Waiata Ngai Tahu Book &Cassette $5.00 eachTe Ha 0 Tahu PotikiHaea teAta

ucpNgai Tahu DevelopmentCorporation T ShirtsBlack or White - $15.00sizes: S-XXL

Toi Rakatahi T Shirts1998 designBlack - $15.00 sizes S-M

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PRODUCT COLOUR QUANTITY PRICEBLACK WHITE

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Waiata Ngai Tahu Book & Cassette - 0 Tape One o Tape Two

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Tamariki Number Book: Te Kete a Rakaihautu

Postage and Handling - Up to 5 items within NZ: other quantities and destinations negotiable $5.00TOTAL PRICE

NGAI TAHU DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

r----------------------------------------~-

: Order DetailsI Complete the order form below and mail or phone your details to: Product Orders, Attention: Karlene,I Ngai Tahu Development Corporation, PO Box 13-046, CHRISTCHURCH. Telephone: 03-371 0190.

II NAME PHONE No. _

II P~~LADDRESS _

I

o Cheque attached (Make payable to NTOC)

Card No.

• •

we do not have their current address. So if members ofyour family have not been receiving mail or if you haverecently shifted then please give us a call or drop us aline so that we can update your details.

Help us to keep youinformed:Phone 0800 KAI TAHU~(0800524 8248) ~

Or write to WhakapapaNgai Tahu PO Box 13046, Christchurch.

NGAI TAHU PEOPLE CAN BE FOUNDALL OVER THE WORLD

Te ROnanga 0 Waihao would like to Invite Ngli Tabu iwl members to the Hui-a-tau (annualmeeting) at Waihao Marse from Friday 26111 to Sunday 28'" November.

No reira, nau mai, haere maiI

Accommodation wUl beprovided for those wishing to stay at the marae: however ifyou requireaccommodation outside the marae you wUI need to book in either nmaru or Oamaru.

For those of you who wish to comeand have never been to Waihao before, you can find us offthe Main South Road on the tum-off to Morven.

If you have any enquiries please contact administration and communications officer ParrisHeath, phone: 03 684 6206, fax: Q3 684 6795, email: waihao@xtra.co.nz.

Our ancestors, whether Maori or European, were greattravellers and it seems that tradition still holds today. Aquick glance at the enrolment database shows that ourtribal members are spread across many parts of theglobe. They can be found in America, Bolivia, CookIslands, England, Germany, Holland, Indonesia, Italy,Romania, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Tonga,Wales, Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Hawaii,Iceland, Ireland, Papua New Guinea, Scotland, Sweden,Thailand and Vanuatu.

WHY HAVE YOU NOT BEEN RECEIVINGYOUR NGAI TAHU MAIL?

With the roll now standing at nearly 25,000 maintainingthe currency of the database for the tribe continues tobe a high priority for Whakapapa Ngai Tahu.

Every time mail is sent out to tribal members wereceive a large number of returns. These returns areadded to the growing list of people whose address detailsare now out of date.

When this happens we note it on the enrolmentdatabase and until you notify us with your new addressyou will not receive any mail!

This means that people will be missing out oninformation they are entitled to receive but won't because

=~IlieI-=:c

~ News 'rom the Whakapapa Unit.»"»~~c:z--I

16 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1999

~ Expiry Date _df@

I

II

/ Signature _

Makariri I Winter 1999 TE KARAKA 17

to recover from the impact of the last seven generations,time to reverse the disparities, and time to develop theconfidence to dance into the future together." Whenasked about her "vision" for what Ngai Tahu Developmentcan achieve, Erihana laughs, commenting wryly:"survival would be good!". Seriously though, sheconsiders this for a while: "I think it's about preservingand nurturing the unique personality that is Ngai Tahu.It's a combination of qUiet humility and political strength.And the style! I want to preserve our style. If it's tied toreality then it's about those sixty percent of our iwi whoare under thirty being a part of that".

Erihana's work in mental health over the past twelveyears has been primarily in development of new servicesand programmes, for both Maori and mainstream. Shecarries statutory responsibility for mental health servicesin Canterbury as the Clinical Director of Te KorowaiAtawhai, the Maori mental health team in Christchurch,which provides both clinical expertise and leadership.As a Maori Health Commissioner, Erihana has particularresponsibility for mental health, but participates in all theCommission's activities in the national arena. She is atthe moment, the only Maori psychiatrist in TeWaipounamu. She readily admits life is at times chaotic.Because she believes in giving equal attention to all thatshe undertakes, there are, more often than not,appointments and commitments that require a bit ofjuggling. She worries that she doesn't see enough of herimmediate whanau, but this is the reality of her life.

The fact that she and Michael have not had childrenis a source of great sadness. They cherish, therefore,their roles as aunty and uncle to the children in theirfamilies and have felt sustained by their love in return.

Michael, who is more often than not at Erihana'sside at hui, is credited as being the cornerstone inErihana's life. Erihana describes him as committed toNgai Tahu as well. "Where as the land and the sky drawme to their embrace, and are the tangible evidence ofmy identity, Michael is the cornerstone of my stability ina turbulent world. He both supports and challenges meto maintain my integrity and focus.

By Claire Kaahu White

thinking that I could do thisforever." However, it was thework, not the medical fraternity,which Erihana quickly felt a partof, having more in common withMichael's union workmates thanher own. It was during this timethat Erihana discovered herinterest in psychiatry. "It seemedto me that this was the onlybranch of medicine that madeany sense. I was able to explbrewho this person was rather thanfocus on an organ that had gonewrong".

In the early eighties EHhanafound herself part of an emerg­ing group of Maori health workers who were promotingchange within health services for Maori. "Emerging fromthat activity I was given the opportunity to participate ata national level in Maori mental health. I was part of thefirst of the Mason Inquiries, and for a year, focussed onforensic psychiatry, with Ken Mason, Henare Bennett andkaumatua, John Turei. John taught me a major lessonabout the interface between orthodox medicine andtikanga: "Erihana you do the pills and I'll do the prayers".With 65% of the forensic patients being Maori the focuswas on Maori health. Erihana was under the psychiatryspotlight.

Formative time was also spent with the WaitangiTribunal enjoying the work there as well as interactingwith people whose opinions she deeply valued. Erihanawas involved in the broadcasting claim in the lateeighties, "but the fact was it was hard to fit a young Maoripsychiatric registrar into the Tribunal's activities at a timewhen the major hearing was the Ngai Tahu Claim".

By now Erihana was spending a lot of time oncommittees and juggling time to come back home andvisit her father, who was dying after a long struggle withdiabetes. With the passing of her father's generation,Erihana reflects: "I had and still have a sense of exposureand a gap in my life that doesn't heal".

While they were in Wellington Michael hadcompleted a law degree, and they moved back down toChristchurch eight years ago. Michael went into a lawfirm in the city and Erihana became involved in rOna!:saand iwi life. It was a time of getting close again to heraunties. During their lifetimes "Aunty Bec and Aunty JaneManahi were very supportive, and now I have thepleasure of working daily with Ruahine Crofts, my primarycultural support, and with Tahi Takao of TOhoe. Gettingto know p6ua and taua from Ngai Tahu is part of my lifejourney".

In 1996 she was appointed to the newly formedNgai Tahu Development Corporation's Board ofDirectors. In 1997 she became chairperson. "I am verycommitted to the generations of the future when I seethe task of Ngai Tahu Development. I am also veryconcerned that we can establish a direction that will makea real difference, and that will take time. We need time

the old family home, her background of Christianity andeducation were similar to her husband's. Erihanaacknowledges her mother as "a key mentor in my life".

Erihana's parents lived with her taua until theirsecond child was born. Taua Jessie Rickus passed awaywhen Erihana was just a baby; however her legacy tothe infant was her name. "Mum couldn't believe shewould have a fourth daughter and proclaimed that if Iwere to be a girl I would be named after her. I was dUlynamed Allison Bernice. Taua stated: 'Her name isErihana'. I didn't use Erihana until I had proved myselfworthy of that name. I treasure that story."

From the safety of her close knit whanau and heractive involvement both with the church and the maraeat Tuahiwi, Erihana began a new phase in her life as shestarted to become involved in the wider community. "Afterfour years at high school I had seven years as a labassistant at the hospital before asking the Ngai TahuMaori Trust Board to support my application to MedicalSchool. Dad was a bit ambivalent, he was really clearwith me before we entered the building that if I wentahead I would owe Ngai Tahu forever. All through medschool his response to my activities was about my dutyto iwi, even when I failed exams. He was delighted tohave a doctor daughter, but a bit ambivalent about therole of women. It must have been a bit of a challenge forhim when Michael and I got married. On one hand hewanted a normal life for me (ie as a wife at home), on theother he didn't really see it as acceptable for me to leavemedicine."

Having completed her studies Erihana and Michaelmoved to Wellington, where she was almost surprisedto realise that she really enjoyed general medicine. "Iused to walk around the hospital in the middle of the night

NGAI TAHD DEVELOPMENTCORPORATION

Ngai Tahu Development ChairDr Erihana Ryan

Ngai Tahu Development Corporation is the arm of the tribal structure whichis charged with developing the social benefits for Ngai Tahu.

It is responsible for putting in place a broad developmental framework to driveNgai Tahu whanui into the future.

tii iWi, tii mana; tii toranga, tii mahi

Dr Erihana Ryan, Chairperson of the Ngai TahuDevelopment Corporation's Board of Directors, is also apractising psychiatrist, Clinical Director of Maori MentalHealth for Healthlink South, Director of Area MentalHealth Services for Canterbury, and a Maori HealthCommissioner. Married to lawyer Michael Ryan,Erihana's whanau are the Reubens from Tuahiwi.

Erihana is the fourth child in a family of eight. A post­war baby boomer, part of a very close whanau, she wasbrought up in a Maori Affairs house at Tuahiwi in the fiftiesand sixties. Her father, Te Marino Mars Reuben was afreezing worker, who had, through necessity, abandonedhis own education at an early age. Nevertheless healways stressed the importance of a good education tohis children. A stalwart of the Anglican faith, Mars Reubenwas the kaiwhakahaere ofTipene, the church atTuahiwi.His great-grandfather, Te Muru, was the last TOahuriri

tohu!:sa to be con­verted to Christ­ianity.

Erihana'schildhood wasfilled with whanau,siblings, cousins,aunts and uncles.Her mother BerniceCreamer did not goout to work, sooften it was at theReuben's housethat the local kidswould gather afterschool. AuntieBernice still lives in

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18 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1999 ,f,.,I

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Makariri I Winter 1999 TE KARAKA 19

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Tania MaguiganTe Runanga 0 Moerakihas selected TaniaMaguigan as theirpapatipu rOnangascholarship recipient.Tania is from the Tipawhanau. Both her tauaand her mother areactively involved inrOnanga life, and Taniaattends hui and wanangaheld there whenever shecan.

Tania is currentlystudying Hairdressingand Beauty Therapy atAora!si Polytechnic inTimaru.

MarleneMcDonaldOtakou Runanga hasselected Marlene as theirpapatipu rOnangarecipient. Marlene iscurrently in her final yearstudying part-time at theUniversity of Otago for aBachelor of Arts in Maoristudies.

In 1997 Marlene was amember of the Kai TahuWhanau Group thattravelled to Canada. Thisyear Marlene has beenworking part-time at TeWaka Hauora-a-rohe(Public Health Services).She also representsOtakou ROnanga on theUniversity of OtagoEthics Committee, whereshe is able to give inputfrom a Maori perspectiveon the research andteaching proposals beingconsidered for ethicalapproval.

Karen CoakleyKaren is Kati Waewae'sother joint recipient forthe second year in a row.Karen is in her secondyear of Te Rangakura,studying for a Diploma inBilingual Teachingthrough WanganuiPolytechnic.

Karen is very involvedwith rOna!sa life. Shecaters for hui, and is anexecutive member of theKati Waewae rOna!sacommittee. She is alsoinvolved as a trustee onthe Teteraki WhanauTrust. Karen hasattended many te reowana!sa over the past fewyears and is committed topassing this knowledgeon to her mokopuna.

Papatipu HOnaka Scholarships

Rubeena Mason­HerewiniRubeena is the jointrecipient of KatiWaewae's papatipuruna~a scholarship.Rubeena is in her secondyear studying Law at theUniversity of Waikato.She has alreadycompleted a Diploma ofRehabilitation. Theresearch paper putforward during the courseof her work on theDiploma was entitled:"Delivery service ofHomehelp assistance toour kaumatua by theACC"; many of therecommendations fromthis paper havesubsequently beenadopted. Last yearRubeena was the Maoriliaison representative ofACC case managers inTauranga. This involvedensuring that local clinicswere kept up to date withchanges in ACCregulations, andattending health hui in theBay of Plenty.

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Anna MillerAnna is the recipient ofthe Kati Huirapa kiPuketeraki scholarship.Anna's whanau are theMillers (Mira),descendants of Tiaki Mirafrom POrakaunui.

Anna is in her third yearat the University of Otagostudying Anthropologyand Zoology for aBachelor of Arts and aBachelor of Science(Hons). Anna admits thatduring the course of heranthropological studiesshe has becomeinterested in the debatesurrounding where Maoricame from prior to thewaka migration toAotearoa. In her zoologystudies she has beenable "to study areas ofconcern to Kai Tahu,especially over collectingrights, where kaicollection and manage­ment is sustainable,retaining enough forfuture generations".

Anna is involved with hermarae at Puketeraki andhas been assisting herwhanau in POrakaunui insorting out wahitapu land,including the mapping ofsites. During her highschool years Anna wasinvolved with KavanaghCollege's culture groupand was the national Tae­Kwon-Do champion in1991 and 1996.

Andrew HerdFor the second yearrunning Te Runanga 0

Waihao has selectedAndrew Herd for theirpapatipu rOnangascholarship. Andrew is inhis third year studying fora Bachelor of Science(Honours) at OtagoUniversity. He is majoringin Biochemistry.

Andrew believesbiochemistry plays amajor part in the healthindustry and will continueto do so in the future. Ithas helped whanau todetect early signs ofcancer through genetictesting. Andrew seeshimself furthering hisknowledge in the area ofcancer research andhopes that one day hewill be able to work withMaori communities indeveloping this researchfurther.

Andrew keeps in touchwith his hapO through hui,and at University hasestablished Maorinetworks, including theopportunity to tutor Maoristudents at thePolytechnic inBiochemistry. A keensportsman, Andrewrecently took part in acycle tour around TeWaipounamu.

Nigel TaylorNigel Taylor was selectedas Te TaumutuRunanga's papatipuscholarship recipient. HistTpuna include TeMaiharoa, KararaKaurehe, Tiemi Rickusand Korako Kiwi. Nigelacknowledges thatbecause he lives inAuckland he keeps upwith whanau, hapO andiwi events through hisfamily and fe Karaka.

Nigel is majoring in aDiploma in Travel andTourism at the AIT(Auckland Institute ofTechnology). Nigel is wellaware of the benefitstourism has to offer KaiTahu and vice versa. Hisvision is of the ultimatetourism 'package deal'involving Kai Tahu."Travel and tourism haveso much to offereveryone in NewZealand, but theprospects for the futurefor Kai Tahu are veryexciting in relation to thenew investments thathave been made in theQueenstown and LakeWakatipu areas,alongside establishedattractions such asWhale Watch, Kaikoura".

These are the first eight PapatipuROnaka scholarship recipients andthe first five profiles of the POtea

Matauraka postgraduate scholarshiprecipients.

The others will be featured insubsequent issues.

Papatipu Hunaka Scholarships

Mate Kino Stone­RapanaMate Kino Stone-Rapanais in her fourth year ofstudy for a LLB/BA at theAuckland Institute ofTechnology. Rapaki (TeRunanga 0 NgatiWheke) has selected herto be their scholarshiprecipient this year.

Mate Kino, who alsoaffiliates to NgatiKahungunu, Ngati Porouand Ngati Mutunga, is amother of three. For thepast few years she hasbeen involved with bothkCihanga and kurakaupapa in Manurewa.Mate Kino has beeninvolved with culturegroups since she was achild, and has beenactively involved insports, particularly netballand basketball. She isstill playing competitivenetball and is currentlyplaying basketballsocially for Te RakauTure, the Maori LawStudents Group. MateKino is also a member ofNga Tauira Maori (TheMaori StudentsAssociation) and KaiTahu Whanui ki TamakiMakaurau.

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20 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winler 1999 M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 99 9 T E K A R A K A 21

"Ehara taku mau)sa i te mau)sa nekeneke, hemau)sa to tonu e"

As part of developing a Ngai Tahu strategy for healthand social services, Ngai Tahu Development Corporationrecently hosted the Aora)si Summit. The purpose of thisimportant series of workshops was to strategise for theimprovement of the health and wellbeing of Maori in theNgai Tahu rohe. The summit was held at The Hermitage,Aora)si Mau)sa from 30 April to 3 May 1999.

The summit enabled the collective experiences andexpertise of representatives of Ngai Tahu, Maori healthand social service providers and local Maori communitiesto achieve unity of purpose and strengthen Ngai Tahuleadership in this arena.

The Aora)si summit was geared to spearheadcurrent opportunities within the health and employmentand training sectors. This was specifically in relation to

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to integrate health and social services within the Ngai -J f-:.

Tahu rohe. Existing Maori health and social serviceproviders have been invited to affiliate with theorganisation. There are opportunities for papatipu rOna)sato become involved in service provision.He OrangaPounamu will be a joint venture organisation with a NgaiTahu majority interest and governed by a board reflectingthis.

Overall, the Ngai Tahu health and social servicesstrategy is designed to achieve improvements in thewellbeing of Ngai Tahu whanui and all Maori resident inthe rohe by maximising opportunities for Ngai Tahu tolead health and social services development. As part ofthis, Ngai Tahu will need to establish standards andguidelines for health and social service provision and acultural auditing, monitoring and evaluation role to ensurethese are met.

Ngai Tahu Development chair, Dr Erihana Ryanhopes that the adoption of an iwi strategy for health andsocial services will allow Ngai Tahu to provide leadershipto enhance whanau wellbeing.

Aoraki Summit

Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu approved a broadhealth and social services strategy at its Maymeeting. Ngai Tahu Development ChiefExecutive Paul White says that the approvalof the strategy reflects nearly two years ofconsultation aimed at improving Maori healthand social services provision in TeWaipounamu.

The strategy has two key parts. The firstis to establish Treaty based relationshipsbetween Ngai Tahu, the Crown and itsagencies to influence the strategic directionsof health and social policy sectors byparticipating at a governance level as Crowntreaty partner. This will enable Ngai Tahu toinfluence strategic directions in Maori health,employment, justice and welfare in partnership with theCrown. This in turn will enable Ngai Tahu to influencethe design and provision of services within the rohe.Secondly, Treaty-based relationships will require NgaiTahu to evaluate and monitor the performance of theCrown in addressing disparities on all social indicatorsin its rohe. These relationships will require properservicing and support. A health and social services Treatyrelationship unit is to be established within Ngai TahuDevelopment Corporation.

The second part of the strategy provides for thedevelopment of a vehicle to better coordinate andintegrate the provision of health and social services. Arohe-wide organisation, He Oranga Pounamu, is beingestablished for this purpose. This organisation will work

Ngai Tahu Adopt Strategy on Health and Social Services

Mason FitzgeraldMason is studying for aMaster of Law at theUniversity of Georgia,having successfullycompleted his Bachelorof Commerce andBachelor of Law at theUniversity of Canterbury.Last year Mason wasawarded the prestigiousSaunders & Co(Barristers and Solicitors)Scholarship for NgaiTahu Law Students.

Mason is hoping to studyInternational Law whenhis year-long coursebegins in August. Thecourse itself is specificallydesigned for internationalstudents. Mason believesthat the courses he hasselected contain issuesthat are of direct relevanceto Ngai Tahu. Masonaffiliates to nga rOnangao Awarua and Murihiku.

Kevyn HarrisKevyn affiliates toMakaawhio through theClark whanau. He iscurrently in his final yearstudying for a Masters ofBusiness at MasseyUniversity. Kevyn alreadyhas a Bachelor ofTheology degree fromthe Melbourne College ofDivinity and a Diploma ofBusiness Administrationfrom Massey.

Kevyn's papers this yearinclude dispute resolutionand conflict management,using Ngai Tahu as themodel. Areas includeorganisational conflict,potential and actualdisputes betweenrOnanga, and betweenNgai Tahu and other iwi,and the development ofprocesses to manageconflict and disputes.

Keri Lawson Te AhoKeri is currently studying for her PhD in StrategicPlanning in Indigenous Health at Massey University.Keri was conferred a Master of Social Science (majoringin Behavioural Psychology) in 1995 from the Universityof Waikato. Her aim upon completion of her PhD is toutilise it for the future development of Ngai Tahu, andto contribute to Maori health advancement generally.

The course of Keri's study has seen her work withNative Americans, and she has been offered aresearch fellowship with the Institute for ScientificAnalysis in California. She is a visiting scholar at theUniversity of California in San Francisco.

Keri affiliates to Onuku rOna)sa through the Tuhaewa,Karaweko, Whariu and Te Aho whanau. She alsoaffiliates to Ngati Kahungunu. Keri is married with twochildren and lives in Taranaki.

Benita WakefieldBenita is currently in herfirst year at MasseyUniversity studying for aMaster of Philosophy; herpapers this year include:Strategic MaoriDevelopment, TribalResearch Methodologiesand RehabilitationCounselling. Benitaalready has a Bachelor ofSocial Sciences fromWaikato University.

Benita affiliates to NgatiIrakehu and Onukumarae. Her whanau arethe WakefieldsIWekepiri.Benita also affiliates toNgati Kahungunu. Shehas represented herrOna)sa on variouscommittees. Her interestslie in the health sector ­Benita has been activelyinvolved in helping toformulate the Ngai Tahustrategic health plan. Shemakes the followingstatement: "Over theyears I have had theprivilege and honour ofworking with our Maoripeople to improve theirhealth and wellbeing. Iam thankful for theexperience andacknowledge the manypoua, taua and kaumatuawhosupportedourwo~

and commitment in thepursuit of tinorangatiratanga - Maorisolutions to Maori healthproblems".

Gail TipaGail is in her first yearstudying Geography forher PhD at the Universityof Otago. (This is hersixth year of study). Herthesis relates tocontemporary resourcemanagement, particularlyin relation to waterresources. She hopesthat this project willenable Kai Tahu to beactive participants in themanagement offreshwater resources.

Gail's rOna)sa is Moerakiand she is from the Tipa,Horomona and Huriwaiwhanau there. She is wellknown and was recentlyelected as Moeraki's TeROnanga 0 Ngai Tahudelegate. Gail is currentlyworking for Te WaiauMahi)sa Kai Trust whilestudying for her PhD. Aswell as this she isinvolved with Ngai Tahuin the areas of mahi)sakai, conservation andresource management,which includesrepresentation on severallocal conservationboards.

Gail says her interestsinclude sport: "I still playhockey (albeit veryslowly), I enjoy playinggolf with my family and Ilove the beach - when Iget time to be there!".

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22 T E K A R A K A M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 9 M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 9 T E K A R A K A 23

Kii Tahu Doctor is Awarded Harkness Fellowship

Kia ora, John Broughton

Te Ara HauoraI

John Broughton is the Kaihautu of the Ngai Tal1u Maori Health Research Unitbased in Dunedin. If you would like to know more or would like to receive a

copy of any of their publications write to: Department of Preventive and SocialMedicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, PO Box 913, Dunedin,

Telephone: (03) 479 7268, Fax: (03) 4795611 harriet belsham jpe-mail:john.broughton@stonebow.otago.ac.nz

The Ngai Tahu Maori Health programme called Oranga Niho will soon as possible!". Yes, we will beResearch Unit provide integrated dental services for sending more copies North as soonThe Ngai Tahu Maori Health children and emergency care to low as they come off the press.Research Unit is a partnership income adults...". Hauora rangatahibetween Te ROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu Injury to Maori: Does it The resource Ko Tenei Ahau: Ngaiand the Dunedin School of Medicine. really have to be like this? Tahu! was developed as a directIt was established in 1995 as part of This book presents an innovative outcome of the surveys that wea strategy by the then Social approach in that the Maori stories conducted at our Hui-a-tau in 1996Services Unit to provide essential were written to highlight the and 1997 where whanau recognisedinformation on health issues, not only seriousness of the issue. It was that one of the most importantfor Ngai Tahu, but also for iwi Maori launched by the Hon Tau Henare, aspects of hauora and wellbeing waskatoakite rohe 0 NgaiTahu.The Unit Minister of Maori Affairs, at to have a strong sense of Ngaiwas officially launched at a Maori Parliament on Thursday 18 March Tahutanga. If you would like yourHealth Research hui at Moeraki in and a large contingent of Ngai Tahu photograph taken and placed in thisMarch 1996, and the Unit facilities whanau were there to support the resource for you, your whanau, andopened and blessed on 19 July occasion. The response to this most importantly, for your1996. The Unit has an advisory publication from both Maori and mokopuna, then come to this year'sboard made up of four members mainstream providers has been Hui-a-tau.nominated by Te ROnanga 0 Ngai overwhelming. Copies are available Staff in the Unit include:Tahu and four members nominated from the Unit. Christine Rimene, Melanie Sargentby The University of Otago. Sir Okaipo: Maori women and Andrew Sporle. We also haveTipene O'Regan is Chairperson of and childbirth. linkages with other research unitsthe Advisory Board and the other The demand for this publication from where we collaborate on projectsNgai Tahu representatives are: Dr whanau, Maori providers and and tautoko the other Maori healthErihana Ryan, Ms Maire Kipa and Ms mainstream from throughout the researchers in their mahi. We are allKoa Mantell. Ngai Tahu country has been such thatthewhole inthis Waka Hauora together and ourDevelopment Corporation provide print run has run out and we are now collective mahi will make a differencean annual grant to assist the Unit. organising a reprint. In Whangarei for for us and our children after us.

The Unit is committed to example, a Maori health communityproviding quality information that will worker was discussing the book at acontribute towards the improvement hui when she wasof our health, not only for Ngai Tahu, challenged by a kaumatuabut for iwi Maori katoa. We have who said: "You can't tell medeveloped a varied portfolio of that a book can do anything;projects which have been funded by what can that book do thatthe Health Research Council, The we can't do by hui korero!".Health Funding Authority Southern She replied: "Well here is aRegion and ACC. Some of our copy, take it home and readcurrent projects include: it and see what you think,".Oranga Niho (dental health) The kaumatua did that andA new dental health promotion came back the followingresource for our tamariki was week and said: "I have todeveloped by the Unit and launched apologise. Everyone mustby Otago and All Black Captain, read this book, rangatahi,Taine Randell. Another very our young mums, parents,important outcome of our mahi was grandparents, and esp-the announcement in the Budget on ecially the dads - the whole19 May that a new Maori pilot whanau. Get more copies as

• Develop a strategy for employment and trainingFeasibility of a Maori Employment Service PilotFormulate process to develop an Employment &Training Strategy

Ngai Tahu Development social service planner MaireKipa was excited by the summit. It was one of those rareopportunities where a whole range of skills andexperience were brought together to produce someimpressive results.

For further information please contactMaire Kipa or Tama Robson-Crawford.Ngai Tahu Development CorporationPhone 03 3710 190 Fax 03 3749 264Email mairek@ngaitahu.iwi.nz

his various naval postings. Sue studied medicine atAuckland University. Her Master's thesis was a casestudy of Te Whanau 0 Waipareira's well-child services.In fact she was working as a General Practitioner withTe Whanau 0 Waipareira until moving to her current jobwith the Department of Maori and Pacific Health atAuckland University in 1997. Tomaiora was establishedabout twelve months ago. Her focus there is on tamariki,rangatahi and whanau. Some of her current projectsinclude looking at asthma, the health of rangatahi, andiron levels in children under two years of age. Tomaiorais also undertaking work in the area of increasing tamarikisafety awareness.

Sue has been a regular participant and adviser atNgai Tahu Development health and social services hui.Her input has been most valuable in establishing policyand direction in these areas. Sue hopes that, upon herreturn, she will have many more new ideas to share fromher work and research overseas.

by Claire Kaahu White

proposing and lobbying for health and employmentinitiatives to support more effective service provision byMaori for Maori.The Aoraki Summit had four workshops focussingon the following objectives:• Formulating a proposal to maximise health gains for

Maori children in Te WaipounamuDevelop a model for Maori WeI/child Services

• Improving the quality of health services to MaoriDiscussion and debate about Cultural AuditDeveloping guidelines for cultural audit for TeROnanga 0 Ngai Tahu

• Maximising benefits from mainstream healthservicesMaori Public Health - Toward Tino Raliatiratalia

Kai Tahu doctor Sue Crengle will soon be leaving herjob as Senior Lecturer and Director of TomaioraResearch Group at Auckland University's Departmentof Maori and Pacific Health to embark on a twelve-monthHarkness Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore, USA. Sue is disarmingly modest about herachievement, simply commenting that she "feels quitehonoured".

The Harkness Fellowship was founded byphilanthropist Emma Harkness eighty years ago and isadministered by the Commonwealth Fund of New York.The countries involved are New Zealand, Australia andthe United Kingdom. Three Harkness Fellowships areawarded in New Zealand every year, two focussing onhealthcare policy. The selection process is rigorous. Theapplicant is nominated by an organisation, in Sue's caseThe University of Auckland, and must then present aproposal. Sue's project was: "Access to primary care andhow policy changes that affect access to care areevaluated". Applicants are shortlisted to six people. Thefinal interview panel was made up ofno fewer than nine people! Sue addsthat she was very grateful for thesupport of Dr Erihana Ryan who actedas a referee.

Sue arrives in Baltimore inAugust, selecting Johns HopkinsUniversity because it is one of twomajor schools of public health in theUnited States and has a particularinterest in indigenous health issues,including a Centre for American Indianand Native Alaskan Health.

Sue's whanau are from theOraka/Murihiku areas. They includethe Crengle, Cleavers, Dallas andMaikaneera families. Sue was broughtup in Wellington and Auckland, as thewhanau followed Sue's father around

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24 TE KARAKA Maka,i,i I Winte, 1999 , I M a k a , i 'i I Win t e, 1 9 9 9 T E K A R A K A 25

I

Matauraka Kai Tahu- -Hot on the heels of the very successful Te Ha 0 TahuPatiki tapes and the Toi Ra!satahi website, the ProjectsTeam (Ngai Tahu Development) are currently designingand producing a wide range of bilingual resources,designed to educate and inform .!Sai Tahu people abouta variety of things that are relevant to us. These includeactivity and storybooks, tapes, games andcomprehension cards.

The first are almost completed, and Projectsanticipate that up to forty different resources will be madeavailable over the next twelve to eighteen months.Resources that are currently in the pipeline are:• 4 Storybooks: Aora!si, TOtera!siwhanoa, Peketa, and

Tuna.• Comprehension cards using .!Sai Tahu stories.• Te Pou Here!sa Karero 0 .!Sai Tahu: a practical te reo

resource for whanau.• Mana .!Sai Tahu: question and answer cards about

.!Sai Tahu history, people, places and reo.• Early childhood resources.

• Te Ha 0 Tahu Patiki: book and cassette no 3.• Learning resources: including a board game,

illustrated storybook and an activity book on: Matau,Makihi, KOmara, Manutukutuku, KurT and Tin.

• Te Kereme/the Claim: an interactive social studiesunit for ra!satahi.

• Kids song tape: waiata .!Sai Tahu suitable fortamariki.

• CD rom: from our website.• Toi Ra!satahi: The website will be updated three

times during the year.The following images are examples of these resources.Mataura!sa .!Sai Tahu resources will be made availableat cost to those interested in accessing them. If youare interested, and would like to be kept informedplease contact: Projects Team, Ngai TahuDevelopment Corporation, PO Box 13-046,Christchurch. Phone (03) 3664344. Alternatively youcan look us up on the website: http://toirakatahi.ngaitahu. iwi.nz

Celebrating Difference: Kii Tahu and Disability

Mereti

When she's not studying - five papers this year tofinish her degree and complete a double major in Social

M a k a r i r i I Win I e r 1 9 9 9 T E K A R A K A 27

while she may not be able to read words too wellshe has great problem-solving skills. She has thesame capacity for emotion as anyone, but cannotarticulate them as we do. Nevertheless they arethere and we understand each other well. Ourjourney has been a challenging one and I guess itwill continue to be so. It seems that this is the way itis when there is a person with a disability in thefamily.

In my work I've found that support for familiesis very important. From my own experience andworking, at times, with people with disabilities, I'vefound that when there is an acceptance ofdifference, families benefit in positive ways and thiscreates a healthier, more diverse, community.

A huge bunch of roses to the specialpeople atNgai Tahu Development for having the foresight toimplement a disability policy. POtea Manaaki givespeople the financial help to make life a little biteasier. Kia ora koutou. And lastly to my whanau,especially my mum, sister, brothers and theirfamilies, and to my dear son, all who have beenthere for us. Aroha tino nui ki a koutou. No reiratena koutou katoa.

,I

Tena koutou te whanau e noho mai i tena wakainga 0 Te Waipounamu. Ka huri nga mahara ki aratou kua wheWrangitia, haere koutou, haere, emoe, e moe i roto i te Ariki. Tatou te kanohi ora,Tena tatou katoa. Nga mihi aroha ki a koutou.

I am the parent of two beautiful children, a sonanda daughter. Mydaughter was born with autism.It didn't become apparent until she was two and ahalf, and wasn't properly diagnosed until she wasseven. Having said that, I don't see my daughteras disabled. She looks at the world differently andher gift to us has been to help us see thingsdifferently.

Autism is a communication and developmentaldisorder, so while my daughter may not hold aconversation, she can read body language, and

Disability is something that, in varying degrees, affectsmany .!Sai Tahu whanau. One such whanau lives inWhangarei. Mereti Taipana has whakapapa links toArowhenua through her father, Te Hape Taipana and toRangitane and Ngati Raukawa through her mother KahuTaipana, (nee Durie). She has two children, Te Whiu,who is 14 and Ngaio, who is 11. Ngaio has beendiagnosed with Autism Spectrum Syndrome (ASD). Inrecent months autism has had a high public profile, muchof it negative, a lot of it ill-informed. Mereti has made herown observations:

26 T E K A R A K A M a k a r i r i I Win I e r 1 9 9 9

Left: Nigel Scott and DonnaLewell facilitating wanangaworkshop

Over 120 people attended awananga at Rehua Maraefrom the 5th to the 7th of March.The purpose of the wanangawas to discuss the role ofTangata Tiaki under the SouthIsland Customary FishingReg-ulations, which came intoeffect last year. Over eightyTangata Tiaki have beenappointed since the reg­ulations came into effect. Thewananga was opened byRakiihia Tau, who talked aboutthe "credible use of the toolsthat have been negotiated fortangata whenua". Bill Gilliesthen shared Rapaki's ex­periences with setting up theirmataitai reserve, at which pointKelly Davis presented Bill witha tee shirt acknowledging Bill'sstatus as the firstTangata Tiakiin New Zealand and Rapaki asthe first Mataitai. Finally,representatives from theMinistry of Fisheries gave apresentation from a historicalperspective, before the groupwent off to their variousworkshops.

The wananga, a hugesuccess, was the first of its kindand was established to aid theeducation and empowermentof the Tangata Tiaki. It wasstructured around seven keyworkshops designed toprovide a broad range ofinformation to the TangataTiaki. The feedback on allworkshops was positive andencouraging. The TangataTiaki are now better equippedto educate others about howcustomary fisheries manage­ment works. The more peoplethat understand the toolsavailable, the better thesystem will work.

Customary Fisheries • Tangata Tiaki Wananga

Piripi Grimshaw (Nga Puhi) is the new Ngai TahuCustomary Fisheries Manager, taking over from MirandaCassidy, who left at the end of March. Piripi comes tothe position after four years of studying ResourceManagement at Lincoln University. He is currentlyfinishing off his Masters in Applied Science with a thesison traditional ecological knowledge and co­management. Prior to his university career Piripi spentmany years overseas living in a variety of countries andworking in a number of outdoor-roles, includingconducting safari tours through Africa and working fordiving companies in Egypt and Kenya.

When Piripi returned to New Zealand in 1995resource management was a burgeoning area and onethat he was interested in working in. Having spent a lotof time in third world countries he had observed howdifficult it was for local people to access their naturalresources.

Piripi believes that Ngai Tahu are at the cuttingedge of customary fisheries and sees them as havingthe ability and infrastructure to move ahead and"establish a model that may one day benefit all Maori".

By Claire Kaahu White

falls short for a number of individuals and whanau.Bearing in mind the Crown's responsibilities to Maoriunder the Treaty, it is expected that Ngai TahuDevelopment will not be an applicant's first port of call.This may not be the reality however; Maori are often putoff by Pakeha bureaucracy and come to their iwi first. TosuccessfUlly apply for POtea Manaaki however, anapplicant must prove that they have exhausted otheravenues.

Ngai Tahu Development is currently establishingnetworks with other agencies that may be able to assistapplicants. Although the pOtea is distributed on a caseby case basis, most commonly disability fundingaugments other forms of assistance or funding.Frequently the pOtea is used for the purchase ofequipment, although as it stands currently, it issometimes difficult to differentiate between the welfareand the disability parts of the pOtea. The use of loans, asopposed to grants, to alleviate applicants' short-termdifficulties has been a successful means of meetingneed. Loans are given for a range of things, includingthe purchase of equipment and disability aids.

It's a difficult call. There is the requirement that thereis genuine need and that has to be established. There isalso a need, in some cases, to expedite the process.For many whanau though, although it may not be thestarting point in their search for assistance, POteaManaaki is 'the final hand up.'

Celebrating Difference: Kai Tahu and Disability cont...

Sciences - Mereti works part-time as a family counsellorfor a social services agency in Whangarei. For the pastyear Ngaio has been attending Hohepa, a RudolphSteiner school in Hastings, where she boards during termtime. In the holidays Ngaio is able to help with thehousework, join in with whanau karakia and her speechis developing well.

For Mereti her immediate and extended whanauare very important. Although she lives in Whangarei,Mereti affirms that whenever she gets the chance to visitArowhenua, she enjoys visiting her whanau there. "Dadwas born and bred there, that is his tOranga".Putea ManaakiThe Ngai Tahu Development Corporation Board ofDirectors approved a fund for disability and welfare in1997. This was a result of several submissions receivedby Ngai Tahu, highlighting the special needs of whanaucoping with disability. One of these submissions camefrom the Taipana whanau. A fund of $20, 000 wasestablished to assist Ngai Tahu tribal members who aredisadvantaged in the form of a disability or who are facingconsiderable hardship. Last year the Board agreed tobroaden the POtea Manaaki fund. Disability funding andwelfare funding were split into two separate funds of$10,000 each.

Although it is the responsibility of the Crown to meetthe needs of all New Zealanders regarding disability andwelfare, it is widely accepted that government funding

New Customary Fisheries Manager

28 T E K A R A K A M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 9 M a k a r i r i I Win I e r 1 9 9 9 T E K A R A K A 29

By Rob Tipa

Tony Brown goes for the gapPhotograph supplied by Otago Daily Times

home final in front of a parochialhome crowd at the House of Pain, isanother story. "Carisbrook is aunique ground," Brown says. "It'sgreat to be part of an Otago team thatcomes out here to a packed house.It just lifts you a little bit extra andplayers lift themselves a little bit moreto play for the crowd, for themselvesand for the team". But after 80minutes of brilliant but bruising rugby,the Crusaders grab the Super 12final 24-19. The Highlanders haverun themselves off their feet and theirfaces say it all. Their fans arenaturally disappointed to lose, buthappy it was a victory for the SouthIsland

For Tony Brown, the focus nowis on the next game - "to playas wellas I can for as long as I can" ­probably for his country in an AllBlack jersey.

the game coming up," Brownexplained in an interview a fewweeks before the final. "You caneasily fall flat on your face in yournext game if you don't play welL"

Before he stepped on the planeto fly home from Cape Town, Brownalong with eight Highlanders' team­mates was told he had been selectedfor the All Blacks, the pinnacle of anextraordinary season for him and therealisation of a childhood ambition.

He started playing rugby for theCrescent club in Kaitangata when hewas five years old and representedSouth Otago in age group teams. At17, he moved to Dunedin for his finalschool year at Kings High Schooland went on to play for the Harbourclub for five or six seasons.

He first represented Otago in1995 and has been a professionalplayer ever since. "It's a great life,"he said. "It's always been a dreamof mine to play for Otago and nowI'm doing it for a living. It's amazingdoing something you love so muchand getting paid for it".

Tony (24) is a direct descendantof the Ngai Tahu chief TOhawaiki, ofRuapuke Island. "I'm just learningabout my family nowadays," he said."I didn't have much to do with it whenI was younger."

Brown's selection for the AllBlacks is the pinnacle of hisachievements in the game to date,although he has had some exposureto international rugby on three tourswith New Zealand Maori to Fiji,Tonga and Scotland. "It's just a greatteam to play for - just the mana andpride that comes with the NewZealand Maori jersey. Everyonegoes out there and plays a uniquestyle of rugby. It's always been theMaori way to play with a lot ofpassion, style, flair and a lot of pace."

However, returning to playa

A Tiger Moth chugs slowly across acrisp Highlander blue autumn skyabove Dunedin city towing a banneradvertising the biggest party the cityhas ever thrown,

For a modest, level-headedyoung man who grew up in thesleepy coalmining village ofKaitangata, it was just the beginningof the biggest week in his rugbycareer. There was no escaping thehype and expectations of southernfans.

The moment the OtagoHighlanders toppled South Africangiants the Stormers on their hometurf in Cape Town 33-18 to secure ahome final in the Super 12 againstarch-rivals Canterbury, the normallystaid city of Dunedin went certifiablycrazy. Thousands of people queuedup to 25 hours for the 40,000 ticketsto the game that sold out in a singleday. Organisers could probably havesold as many tickets again aspassionate supporters paid three orfour times the face value to witnessa piece of Southern sporting history.

City businesses seized themoment, decorating shops andbusinesses in the blue, gold andmaroon colours of the OtagoHighlanders, to cash in on the multi­million dollar windfall. It was amarketing manager's dream.

And right in the middle of it allwas Tony Brown, a home-grownSouthern boy with a growingreputation on the rugby field for acool head under pressure and twofeet firmly placed on the ground. Hehas become a pivotal player in theHighlanders explosive backline,alongside Byron Kelleher, Pita Alatiniand Jeff Wilson. The experts say,when Brown plays well, theHighlanders play well.

"You have to block out a lot ofthe public pressures and focus on

Party at Tony Brown's:Carisbrook

two-fold. Firstly it will use theAkaroa Harbour Taiapure as amodel, or practical example foreducating Ngai Tahu wMnui andthe general public aboutcustomary fisheries areamanagement tools, and how theycan be used to empower the'entire community to have a moreactive role in local fisheriesmanagement. Secondly,because the Akaroa HarbourTaiapure will border on to therecently established PohatuMarine Reserve, it will provide agood example of how a marinereserve can provide valuablesupport for area managementtools. And also how theinformation generated from thescientific study of marine lifewithin the marine reserve assiststhe aecision-making process inthe fisheries management area.They also act as a kohanga toreplenish fish stocks adjacent tothe reserve.

An education and promotionpackage has been developed forthe Akaroa Project that can bedeveloped and adapted for useanywhere in the Ngai Tahu rohe.Included in the package is apamphlet on area managementtargeted at the general public toprovide them with an insight andunderstanding of customaryfishing, an educational resourcepackage to be used in schools,and an area management video.

area of the New ZealandFisheries waters of the. SouthIsland. Tangata Tiaki areappointed by tangata whenua tomanage the reserve by makingby-laws. A Mataitai Reserveprohibits commercial fishingwithin its boundaries, unlessotherwise authorised by theTangata Tiaki. A Rahui ortemporary closure allows for theclosure or restriction of a fishingmethod in an area in order toimprove the size or availability offish stocks orto recognise the useand management practices oftangata whenua. Rahui can beapplied on an area for up to twoyears. They apply to everyone,including customary fishers.

More than eight years agomembers of the Onuku ROna!sa,on behalf ofthe beneficial ownersof coastal land around AkaroaHarbour and the outlying bays,began the arduous task of puttingtogether an application for aTaiapure to be placed over theAkaroa HarbOur. At the beginningof this year the Ngai TahuCustomary Fisheries team gottogether a committee to extendthe proposal to include a widerboundary. The committeecomprises members of Ngai TahuCustomary Fisheries and NaturalResources Unit, Onuku ROnaka,Koukourarata ROna!s.a andWairewa ROna!sa, and the projecthas become known as theAkaroa Project.

The aim of the project is

It is a little over twelve monthssince the Fisheries (South IslandCustomary Fishing) Regulationscame into effect. Theseregulations recognise andprovide for customary foodgathering and input into themanagement of fisheriesresources by tangata whenua.Customary fishing managementpractices focus on thesustainability of fisheriesresources not just for Maori butfor all New Zealanders. We mustlook after our fisheries so thateverybody can benefit fromabundant, healthy levels ofkaimoana.

A number of area manage­ment tools are available totangata whenua for managingtheir resqu[ces. They aretaiapure, mataitai and rahui. Ataiapure identifies an area thatcustomarily has been of specialsignificance to an iwi or hapO.This may be as a source of food,or for spiritual or cultural reasons.Taiapure provide for a manage­ment committee to be establish­ed to give advice and to makerecommendations to the Ministerresponsible for Fisheries onregulations that will provide forthe integrated management offisheries in that area.

A Mataitai reserve identifiesan area that is a place ofimportance for customary foodgathering and allows for tangatawhenua to manage these areas.Mataitai can be declared over any

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30 TE KARAKA Makariri I Winter 1999 L, ,., "

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l' , M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1999 T E K A R A K A 31

Alan Ward, An UnseUled Histol'Y: 11'eaty Claims in New Zealand Today

along with a strong support team, areworking hard to bring the hui togetherand achieve the level of fundingnecessary to host a hui of this size.They would welcome support andinput from any interested groups orindividuals.

Or

If you would like any furtherinformation about the Hui pleasecontact:Lisa TumahaiSecretary - Te Ataarangi Ki TeWaipounamu25 EbonyStChristchurch 5Ph 033594247

Patricia O'SullivanTakawaenga - Te Ataarangi Ki TeWaipounamuon 03349 6689 or write to her at39 Kathleen CresentHornbyChristchurch

178). "...Many hapO, quite reasonably, want their day incourt. But ... a day in court does not have to becomeweeks or months..." says Ward.

Two concerns, the book is concise, about twohundred pages, but largely so because the print is quitesmall. Make sure you have strong lighting when you readit!

Second, in an otherwise excellent section on Treatyfishing issues, Ward has allowed concentration on thecommercial aspects to dominate customary fishing ­which impacts on many more of us. Elsewhere in thebook, much of the content is quite current with 1999developments, but for some reason this is not so inreferences to Customary Fishing. The official regulationsare in place - in the case of the South Island, since April1998. One suspects that the statement: "...There is needfor greater precision about the nature of customaryrights..."(page 51) was written in the context of the (dated)John Hikuwai actions.

Otherwise a book well worth reading. Check outthe two Ngai Tahu identities on the cover!

Mataira.Katerina along with Ngoingoi

Kumeroa Pewhairangi brought theconcept of Te Ataarangi to TeWaipounamu in 1980. From thatpoint on it was eagerly sought afterand has become a very popular andsuccessful method of teaching TeReo Maori and is now used in a widevariety of institutions and communitygroups throughout Te Waipounamu.

The theme of this years hui isPounamu. The hui aims to provideparticipants with the opportunity toaccelerate self-development throughthe acquisition of te reo Maori and topromote the on-going development.It also aims to increase the numberof speakers of te reo and to providean environment where Maori can bespoken without restriction. It is alsohoped to foster positive attitudes ofnon Maori towards acceptance of tereo Maori as an official language ofAotearoa, and to increase thenumber of non formal and formal TeAtaarangi learning groups to insurea wide variety of options areavailable to meet learners needs.

The hui organising committee,

improving that process (pages176 to 178) are deservingof consideration by all. Two are immediately relevant toNgai Tahu.

Following up his justification for extending the 'fiscalcap'to $2 billion (from $1 billion), Ward says that: "...over20 years [this] would not be unreasonable. It can easilybe afforded, and returns to the economy would beconsiderable ... " (page177). (He points out that thesettlements are currently costing about $100 million ayear - half the government's annual provision forunforseen contingencies).

Our settlement negotiators rightly insisted on arelativity clause. But Ward suggests that the Governmentshould negotiate a replacement one-off payment withNgai Tahu (and Tainui), to avoid (others!) concerns thatwe would get an additional $170 million.

Second, Ward follows up his comment: "... It isimportant to note that the Ngai Tahu settlement verynearly did not become law, because of the bitteropposition of several hapO..." (page 59), by noting thatthe whole settlement process is getting bogged downbecause of inter-hapO and inter-whanau rivalries (page

Keeping Ie Reo Alive

BOOK REVIEW CaNT...

Te Ataarangi ki Te Waipounamu willhost Te Ataarangi Hui-a-tau at NgaHau E Wha Marae later this year.Eight hundred to a thousand peopleare expected to attend the three daytotal immersion hui which begins onFriday the 12th of November with theAGM. It is the first time the hui hasbeen held in Otautahi and only thesecond time ever in Te Waipounamu- it was held in Waikawa in 1987.

The hui will bring togetherpeople from all areas of Te Ataarangi- teachers, students, the local bodyand the National Governing Body(Komiti Matua) to exchange ideas,knowledge and experiences. It isalso hoped that the hui will creategreater awareness of and renewedinterest in Te Ataarangi within TeWaipounamu.

Te Ataarangi, also known as therakau method, is a total immersionMaori language programme. Themethod uses cuisenaire rods as atool for teaching and maintaining alanguage through writing, listening,reading and speaking. Te Ataarangiwas introduced into New Zealand in1972 by Katerina Te Heikoko

By Donald Couchparticular problems with the Crown and Treaty breachesand infringements?

These two recent books, added to the dozens nowpublished on the Treaty of Waitangi, show why we mustkeep a weather eye on what is happening, or nothappening, with others and how it may impact on us inyears ahead.

turned historian, Bill Oliver, keepsthe writing sparkling with hisreference to "...the apostle of tribalcapitalism, Tipene O'Regan,and... the exemplar of atavistictribalism, Tame Iti ...Two faces,often seen on television (butnot together) ..." (page 230).

Then there is thecommentary by RogerMaaka, head of MaoriStudies at the largestuniversity in our rohe, TeWhare Wananga 0

Waitaha. It is brief, but informed.Since the 1994 Ika Whenua judicial

decision recognising aboriginal/native title, we havebecome much more conscious of parallel internationaldevelopments affecting indigenous peoples. They aren'talways identical, but it is an area for increasedawareness. Kokiri Ngatahi meets the need for suchinformation in the area of government relations andresponsibilities.

one nation ... " is readable,sufficiently comprehensive, yetblessedly brief.

Every year several booksare published on variousaspects of the Treaty. Someare strongly opposed. Mosttry to assess how NewZealand may continue tobuild this nation on thebasis of a partnership withreciprocal roles agreed toone hundred and sixty years ago.

As an experienced insider to theprocess, Alan Ward's thirteen specific suggestions for

How tempting it is! Ngai Tahu now has its own legalstatus.

We have our Deed of Settlement with the Crown ­confirmed by the New Zealan.d Parliament in the NgaiTahu Claims Settlement Act 1998.

Why don't we simply get on with our own massivechallenges ahead and leave others to sort out their

The Introduction sets the scene: "...When the Ministry ofJustice came into being in October 1995, one area wherethere was room to do some fresh thinking was therelationship between the Crown and Maori ...".

Two major papers were sought, one from each ofthe authors of this book.

Both are widely experienced internationallyregarding relationships between indigenous peoples andgovernments and this is the particular value of KokiriNgatahi.

McHugh is a New Zealander based at Cambridgewho has written in-depth about legal aspects ofthe Treatyand its subsequent interpretation.

This comparative analysis is useful not leastbecause the focus is on the future - rather than thehistorical claims which so dominate most current MaorilCrown relationships.

In addition there is the bonus of commentaries bynine knowledgeable New Zealanders (both Maori andPakeha), in reaction to the Coates and McHugh papers.In Casablanca Peter Lorre was able to "round up theusual suspects". A number of the names here one wouldexpect to see, but there are some perhaps less expectedand the resulting diversity of views retains the interest.

This reviewer's former university English lecturer,

Coates" McHugh's Hokil'i Ngatahi / Living Relationships: The 11'eaty in the New Millenium.

An additional $1 billion for Treaty settlements! Historiansrarely rate headlines, but Alan Ward certainly did withthis suggestion (page 177) in his just released book, AnUnsettled History.

Ward grew up in Poverty Bay, is happy to be calledPakeha, has an interesting mix of related experienceoutside New Zealand and in recent years hasindependently researched and written for the WaitangiTribunal. He also wrote the important Show of Justice(1974).

This well-informed historian has chosen to join theongoing Treaty of Waitangi debate. Ward's insightfulanalysis of how we all got to this stage in recognisingand implementing the Treaty as "...a compact betweenthe first occupants and the subsequent occupants of the

Book Reviewmoo

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32 T E K A R A K A M a k a r i r i / Win t e r 1 9 9 9 _. I/,

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Birdshit (no kid­ding, it really iscalled Birdshit) andin the Wanganuihome schoolersnewsletter, whichdoesn't have qUitesuch an illustriousname.

The year be­fore last I did threeterms of stainedglass without per­forming major sur­gery on myself.Nonetheless, I acquired some useful skills and won afirst prize in a national competition with one of mydesigns.

Last year I was invited to WaitOtara School to teachthe children quilling. Occasionally I take art classes withRei's after-school group. Recently I have had work inexhibitions at the Wanganui Community Arts Centre.

My current projects include: another UN thing,knitting myself a jersey, decorating an ostrich egg,Victorian miniature embroidery and learning how to framepictures. The great thing about having so many projectsis that it drastically reduces the time I spend on maths.

acted in a professional stageplay at the Fortune Theatrein Dunedin. Her current plan is to model in New York fora couple of years and then to attend the New York schoolof Film and Drama - all the best in fulfilling your dreams,Jade.

It was one of those chance in a lifetime situations foreleven y~r-old Ngai Tahu girl Jade Mains from Outram.Jade was in a New York Cafe with her father late lastyear when she was approached by an agent for the FordModelling Agency and offered a contract worth up to$420,000 - the stuff that dreams are made of, especiallyfor Jade, who has wanted to be famous since she wasthree years old. , )

Jade came home from her trip and told her mumMarama the news. Initially Marama wasn't at all keen onthe idea because she wanted Jade to make the most ofher childhood, something it yvould be difficult for her todo if she was modelling in New York, but Marama knewthat ultimately it was Jade's decision - not an easy one.

Jade really wanted to finish off her primaryschooling at Outram this year, as it is her last and hasnow decided to stay in New Zealand for secondaryschool. At this stage the family plan to move to New Yorkwhen Jade is fifteen or sixteen. The contract with Ford isopen for two years after which time it must be re­negotiated. Marama is confident that this shouldn't be aproblem. It is a big commitment for Marama, who has~two other children, Kharma aged nine and Israel five, aswell as a clothing business in Dunedin, but she believesit is important to make the most of opportunities for herchildren. At this point she is not planning on livingoverseas forever, but will do so for as long as it takes.

Jade's real passion is for acting. She has already

Stella Anderson

AChance of aLifetime

My name is Stella Anderson and I do home schooling,which gives me more time to devote to the importantthings in life such as reading and art. My claim to fame isbeing chosen, along with two other entries, to representNew Zealand in the 1998 international poster contest on"Generations Living Together", sponsored by the UnitedNations Population Fund. In plain English, entrants hadto design a poster about generations living together.There were sixty-six designs chosen worldwide and theyall went on display in Washington DC in January. I wouldnot have entered had it not been for my long-sufferingart teacher Rei Hendry, who made all the kids in her after­school art class enter whether we wanted to or not. I wasextremely surprised when Rei told me I had beenselected. In fact, for a moment I couldn't even rememberwhat I'd painted. It was a picture of four different sizedhands painting a mountain with a river winding round it.It was entitled: "Painting the Canvas of Life".

This is not the first success I've had. When I wasseven I was commissioned to illustrate a pamphlet putout by the New Zealand Police and several otherorganisations, encouraging elderly people to use taxisrather than private transportation. Fortunately I have anuncle who drives a taxi. I have also had a cartoonpublished in the Thunderbird owners' club magazine

If you are interested in knowing more about acareer in aviation you can give Steve a call on021 835 532 or write to him at PO Box 11,Whakatane.

Eruera Prendergast (lelt) andManawanui Parata (right) were justtwo 01 siX Ngii Tahu students tograduate Irom the University 01Canterbury earlier this year.

of flying. When he finally went for his licence it paid off­he covered the first five lessons in one and after five hoursof flying he was able to go solo.

When Steve left school he took on three jobs tofinance his passion for flying. He worked in a factory atthe airport during the day and had two bar jobs at night.

Initially his ambition was to be a topdressing pilot,but due to the removal of subsidies the demand for pilotsin this area diminished and his instructor advised him tobecome a commercial airline pilot. He followed thisadvice and in 1986 after two years of training got hiscommercial licence. Since then he has worked for Air

Hamilton, Air Coromandel, Eagle Air and iscurrently flying new generation jumbo jets forAir Pacific. He is one of only two people in theSouthern Hemisphere qualified as a first officerto fly these planes.

Being a pilot isn't a cheap career option ifyou choose the path of general aviation. Stevehas spent about $95,000 getting to his currentposition. In fact, the six-week course on flyingjets cost him $27,000 alone. He lived on fruitand rice just to get by.

Steve's advice to would-be young pilots isthis: you need to know you want to be a pilotand because you want to fly, not just becauseyou think it's a cool job and you can meet airhostesses - "Make the commitment and go forit".

When Dreams Come TrueSteve Gunn is of Ngai Tahu descentthrough his mother's whanau. Hisgrandfather, Apa Tuatini has NgaiTahu whakapapa through his mother,being of the Taiaroa and Burnswhanau.It is the dream of almost every smallboy to be a fireman, a policeman or apilot when they grow up, and forSteve Gunn that dream was nodifferent. As a child growing up inPalmerston North Steve spent muchof his time watching planes flyingoverhead and dreaming of being a pilot. On his 10lh

birthday Steve's dad gave in to his constant houndingand took him to the local aero club where they met apilot who offered to take him up for a flight. Steve's firstexperience in the air was less than pleasant and he wassick everywhere for the entire flight.

This was not enough to deter a young andenthusiastic aviator. Steve took up lawn-mowing tofinance flying lessons - 4 lawns per week at $5.00 eachwas enough for one lesson. Steve spent his life hasslinginstructors to take him flying and by fourteen could fly aplane and by sixteen had done approximately forty hours

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Ie Parekura 0 te Iwi

Miori: The New TraditionalistBy Jessica Sour (Ye Riinanga 0 Koukourarata)

rOna.!sa.Ko te huarahi ma matou 0 enei

ra, kia hoki ki te whakaaro hapO. Kanoho tonu.!s.a rOna.!sa hei waha ma.!saima .!sa hapO e.!sari, ko te whakaarowhakahaere ko tera 0 te hapO tOturu.He nui.!sa hapO ki roto 0 ia rOna.!sa, a,kei te pai tera. E.!sari, ma te iwi tehapO, ma te hapO te whanau, a, mate whanau, te kikokiko, ara, te ta.!sata.Ma te ta.!s.ata e whakahaere .!s.awhakaaro 0 te hapO, 0 te iwi, ki roto ite rOna.!sa.

Ka nui enei karero ma tenei wa,ki te hiahia koutou ki te wero i eneikarero, wero maio Ma te karero kaputa te whakaaro nui 0 te iwi. Te punawaiora ma tatou katoa.

nationalities. The colour of my skinwas becoming a problem if I was tobe considered Maori. The problemwas it was not the right colour.

To combat this problem, I nowthink of Ngai Tahu as my whanau. Itcan be overwhelming to consideryourself as being part of somethingbigger than just your immediatefamily. I feel I am part of somethingvery special and it doesn't matterabout skin colour. Being part of NgaiTahu is about who your whanau areand where you come from. I am NgaiTahu, an indigenous people of NewZealand. I am also a NewTraditionalist, a person who hasmany families and is part ofsomething bigger than just my ownfamily.

This is my vision for the future.Many people from many placescoming together to preserve what isour heritage. Exchanging knowledgeabout our culture, tradition andlanguage so Ngai Tahu will continueto grow and develop as part of NewZealand, Aotearoa.

iwi? E aua noa.Ko te pO manawa 0 te iwi te

hapO. Ko te hapO i haina te Tiriti, kote hapO ana hoki i wha.!sai te ta.!sata. Iwehewehe ai .!sa hapO ki te raruraruratou, a, i mahi tonu ai ratou ki tewhakai i te takata. Ekari i tewhakatotaka 0 te~ei mea t; ronaka' i- -tera rau tau, e kore e taea e te hapOte mahi i to ratou ake tinora.!satirata.!sa. Na te mea, kua to tetahirOna.!sa ma tetahi takiwa nui, a, ko.!sahapO katoa 0 taua takiwa i heretia kitaua waka, hei kaiwhakahaere monaki te karero ki te kawanata.!sa. I .!sa taukua pounamutia mai, kua warewarete whakaaro hapO, a, kua to tewhakaaro rOna.!sa. I mahi tenei mahii te .!soikoreta.!sa 0 te iwi, a, ka tae kitenei wa. Kei te maha .!s.ataupatupatuta.!s.a 0 te iwi noho

Scotland, my father's father toHolland. Therefore, how does aperson such as myself piecetogether my past to get a balance ofwho I should be today? I am not oneof a kind, there are many Maori likemyself. We are the NewTraditionalists, descendants of notonly Maori, but many other races.

Discovering who you are canbe difficult at the best of times, butwhen life presents itself with so manypaths and choices it can be difficultto know which path to take. This isso in discovering my family heritage.My parents have always been veryopen with me, letting me make myown choices and decisions, nevermaking me choose one over theother. Possibly it could have made iteasier for me if they had said I wasone or the other.

I discovered what tribe I wasfrom in 1991. I had known beforethis, but until then it was only a nameto me. I did not feel a part of NgaiTahu, mainly because of the colourof my skin. I encountered racism alot when I was at school, not towardme, but toward kids of other

me .!sa tika.!sa 0 te marae, te whenuahoki. Me waiho.!sa ra.!satahi, ki te tahakia pO ai te rOha. E.!sari, ko hea te watika ka pO ai te rOha? Ki te ata miro kia matou tTpuna tawhito, penei ki aTahupatiki, ki a Paikea, meTOhoepatiki ana hoki. Ko .!sa karerotuku iho epa ana ki a ratou, ina, ko aratou i.!soa hoki, e whakaatu ana ki amatou. He taiohi, he taina ratou i aratou wa. Ahakoa tera, ka whai maite iwi i a ratou. He akora.!sa tera ki amatou.

E titiro ana matou te hu.!s.ara.!satahi ki .!sa mahi 0 .!sa iwi nohotaone e whai nei i .!s.a pOtea 0 tekawanata.!sa hei pai.!sa ma to ratouiwi. Ahakoa, ka whanako ratou i tetino ra.!satirata.!sa 0 .!sa iwi 0 te Tiriti.Ka mau i a ratou te pOmanawa ki tewha.!sai i a ratou iwi. Ka pera to matou

Growing up in my family the way Idid, I had never really given muchthought to who I was and where Icame from. For many years that wasmy attitude. Iwas from New Zealand,I knew that I was part-Maori, but Inever knew what that meant. Therewas a lot I took for granted. I neverreally noticed that I came from an"inter-racial" or "mixed" family. I hadnever given much thought to the factthat my father was dark and mymother was white. It could be verymisleading for some people whocould not understand why, if Iclaimed to be Maori, I did not havedark skin. This is a question I couldnot answer, genetics maybe, it didn'treally seem that important to me.

I used to think it was a bit of ajoke being a "white Maori", that wasuntil I came to the conclusion thatbeing Maori is not about the colourof your skin. It is about family,heritage and ancestry. But I havemore than one set of family, heritageand ancestry. Therefore I cannotplace more importance over one partof my heritage than the other. Mymother's ancestry relates back to

By Matiu Payneki te rOna.!s.a, ka taea e koe tenohopuku ma .!sa tau toru tekau mawaru ki roto i te wharekai, horoirihirihi ai, ka penei ki te karero 0 tetahipakeke ki te hau kai.!sa. E titiro anaau ki tenei ahuata.!sa 0 te iwi, a, kawhakaaro. Ki te hoki mai te katoa 0

.!sa taiohi ki te rOna.!sa, kaore ana tekatoa a ratou e taea ki te oti i a ratoutaima ki roto i te kihini. Na te mea, kanui atu i te ono tekau paiheneti 0 teiwi, he taiohi, e ai ki.!sa tatai kaute 0

te motu. Ka pehea te rOna.!s.a ewhakahaere i te hu.!sa waha.!sO. Makue kT atu, ma te whakahuri whakaaroo ratou e whakahaere i te rOna.!sa.

Ki au nei, he karorirorita.!s.awhakaaro e pa ana ki te rOna.!sa mete marae ana hoki. Ko te tika.!sa 0 temarae kua utaina ki ru.!sa ki te rOna.!sahei kawa mona. Kei te he tera. Katika te tika.!sa Maori ki te whakahaere.!sa hui, e.!sari ko te kawa 0 te maraeme waiho ki reira. He puna tinohOhonu ki roto i .!sa taiohi e.!sari e koree waiunutia e te rOna.!sa tenei punana te whakaaro paheheta.!s.a, hetaiohi ratou, a, me waiho kia pO ai terOha, penei ki .!sa momo ahuata.!sa 0

te marae me ana kawa.Kei te tino pono ahau ki te kawa

ia takiwa, ahakoa ka noho koe ki hea.Ko te nui.!sa 0 te iwi e noho ana kiwaho atu 0 te rohe patae 0 te iwi,inahoki ki waho atu 0 te rOna.!sa nanate waka whakahaere mahau. He tinotake tera. Na te mea, ka pehea aikoutou e whakaputa i a koutou reo,a koutou whakaaro hoki? Ki taku nei,ma te ahika e mahi i tenei mahi, e.!sarie kore ratou e mahi pena i tenei wa.Ko te mea nui ma .!sa rOna.!sa ko tepotea e kohaina mai nei e Te ROna.!sao !Sai Tahu. Kei te hiahia etahi ki tewhakatO whare hau, ko etahi e hiahiaana ki te whakato mahi ma ratou ana.E.!s.ari, ko te tono.!s.a ki a matouwhanau taurahere he mea kei raronei i te whara.!si whakahaere.

I aku nei ro.!so karerota.!sa ki rotoi .!sa huihui.!sa 0 taku rOna.!sa. Ki tehiahia te whanau whanui ki te hokimai, ka hoki mai ratou. He pono kitena karero e.!s.ari ehara i te mea.!sawari ma .!sa taurahere ki te hokimaio Kia ahatia? Ki te hoki mai tetahita.!sata hau ki te rOna.!sa, ka taea e iate nohopuku ma .!sa marama e rimapea i mua i tana whakaputa karero,whakaputa whakaaro hoki. Na temea, ko tenei te ahua 0 te rOna.!sa.Mehemea he taiohi koe e hoki ana

He mea e .!sau kino nei ki ahau ki rotoi aku haere.!sa tawhiti puta noa i TeWaipounamu, ko tera 0 te pana.!sa 0

.!sa reo taiohi ki te taha. Ahakoa kahaere koe ki hea, ko to pakeketa.!sate mea e whakawa i to to. Ki temarae, ki te hui, ki te rOna.!sa ki te aharanei. Ko taku kT ki tena, na te ahaai? Ina ko te mea tika ma tewhakawata.!sa 0 te ta.!s.ata ko anamahi, ko ana pOmanawa tino koi noaiho. E.!sari ko.!sa pOtake 0 tenei nawe,ki taku nei titiro, a, e ai ki .!sa pakekeo naianei tonu. Ko tera te tika.!sa itukuna ihotia e a matou matuatTpuna. Ka tika tena ma ratou, e.!sariko taku wero ki a tatou. He tika tenaki a tatou?

Kauaka e whakaaro pahehe kotenei te reo 0 te whakahThT. Ko teneite reo 0 te taiohi e awa.!sawa.!sa anaki te ahua 0 te iwi ke. Kia ata titiroake tatou i tenei wa ki ia rOna.!s.apapatipu me a ratou memawhakahaere. Ko te nui.!sa 0 ratou hepakeke he kaumatua hoki. Kei te paitena mena ko tera te ahua 0 te iwi.E.!sari ko te ahua 0 te nui.!sa 0 te iwi,he taiohi!

Na, ko te rOna.!s.a te wakawhakahaere 0 a matou hapO ki roto i

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36 T E K A R A K A M a k a r i r i / Win t e r 1 9 9 9 I, ., F '.

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M a k a r i r i / Win t e r 1 9 9 9 T E K A R A K A 37

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Fifty-three artists will present traditional and contemporarywork at eight venues across the city of Christchurch: TeWaipounamu House and Christchurch Festival partnerhotels: Heritage Christchurch and the Old GovernmentBuildings, Parkroyal Christchurch, Millennium Christchurch,Rydges Christchurch, Centra Christchurch, The George andthe Chateau on the Park.

The event is sponsored by Bell Gully and Credit Suisse FirstBoston.

Photographic coverage of the event will be published in thenext issue of te Karaka.

Pending artists' agreement and funding, full documentationof the work will be published.

The Maori Boarding School's Pearangi ROnanga hasset up a 24-hour 0800 number to register old girlsand old boys from the eight Maori boarding schools.

These schools are: Turakina, Hato Paora, Te Aute,St Joseph's, Hukarere, Tipene, Queen Victoria andHato Petera.

If you have attended any of these schools or havewhanau or friends who went to one of the schools,please make sure they receive this number andregister: 0800 Kura Maori - that's 0800587262

Boarding Schools

Te Tai 0 Marokura, a project aiming to provideMaori youth living in Kaikoura with skills in Maoriarts and culture ($10,000)

'Rukutia Rukutia!' an exhibiton of southern MaoriArtists July 21 st-August 8th (Christchurch ArtsFestival)

Following on from a successful exhibition ofcontemporary Kai Tahu artists 'Tina Ra!satirata!sa KaiTahu' in 1998 Ngai Tahu Development Corporation,in association with Christchurch Arts Festival, willpresent 'Rukutia Rukutia!'.

The exhibition will present two kaupapa: to honourthe early generation of contemporary Maori artists ofmany tribal affiliations who have given support to theestablishment of traditional and contemporary Maoriartforms in Te Waipounamu and to focus on Kai Tahuartists nationally.

'Rukutia Rukutia!'

Congratulations to Wiremu Solomon of Kaikoura and Ruahine Crofts of Tuahiwi,recipients of the Sir Kingi Ihaka Awards for Kaumatua contribution to the arts.

Several South Island projects were recipients ofrecent Te Waka lbi funding grants. They are:

Te Whanau POawai Ora, an educational theatregroup founded by Matiu Te Huki in 1998 has beengiven a grant to tour its first production, ''Tu Toa"($10,000)

TeW8kalilRlts

The Christchurch Arts Festival, which will featurea Ngai Tahu exhibition, showcasing the work ofprominent and emerging Ngai Tahu artists. Theexhibition, curated by Moana Tipa, will includework by Ross Hemara, Fiona Pardington, RikiManuel, Jacqueline Fraser, Chris Heaphy andPeter Robinson ($3764)

The Kai Tahu Performing Arts Festival planned forlater in the new millennium. The festival will includetraditional and contemporary performing arts,visual arts, storytelling, traditional instruments andwaiata ($10,000)

The carving of the waka for the Turning Point 2000millennium project currently underway at RehuaMarae ($30,000)

27 Backbone

28 Generous

30 Crop of a bird

32 Mound up

34 Angry excited

37 Son, nephew

38 Throw, cast

39 It would be better

41 Fish, ally

42 Otago

44 Beget

45 Silent, exhausted

DOWN

Large village (SI)

2 Sodden

3 Current

4 Scoop together

5 Yours

6 Drive away

7 Beginning

8 We, Us

13 Sea road

14 Hole, cave

16 Boggy

18 Indicating plural

20 Slave, servant

21 Boy (SI)

22 Taste, flavour

24 Yes!

25 When

29 Gun

30 Sandfly

31 Sport, play

32 Gather, entangle

33 To tear

34 Throw, cast

35 Large insect

36 Canoe

37 Stand erect

40 My (plural)

43 ShudderAnswers on page 41

or Rich GlazeMelt 225gms of dark chocolate with a l

cup of cream either in a double boiler ormicrowave. Stir to combine, cool a lillieand pour over cake and smooth out.This can then be put mto the freezer toset (about half an hour).

A real favourite with teenagers l

FOR ALL THOSE CHOCOLATE LOVERSThis recipe was sent to te Karaka from Jane Meharry of Golden Bay. Janesays that this is the easiest large chocolate cake she has ever made.Ingredients:2 cups white sugar2 eggs (free range are best)1 cup milk and 1 cup boiling coffee (2 rounded teaspoons coffee)200gms butter (softened)1/ teaspoons vanilla essence2 teaspoons baking soda and / teaspoon salt3 cups flour3 teaspoons baking powderMethod:Beat all of the above in a large bowl by hand with a wooden spoon for 1minutes. Bake for one hour at 350 degrees Fahrenheit (180 degrees celsIus)Remove the cake from the oven after skewer testing. Leave on a rack tocool. Ice with the followingIcing3-4 cups icing sugar1 teaspoon vanilla essence3 large tablespoons butterA lillie warm water (only if needed)

ACROSS 15 Rat

Tony Brown's town 16 Rain

9 Channel, river 17 For

10 Time 18 Sun

11 Warrior 19 Fierce, violent

12 That, the said 23 Come here

13 Weir, fish dyke 26 Fish

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38 TE KARAKA Makarir; I Winter 1999M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 99 9 T E K A R A K A 39

40 T E K A R A K A M a k a r i r i I Win t e r 1 9 9 9

Answers in the next issue ofteKaraka

KOURAHTMIUWERKEONOKWHERHAERUPKAIPPAINAKAHAPUKAIRTUNARXHLQ A D PIP I S

Cast a net and see how manydifferent types of ika you can find

Painting byJared

French(age 13)

Just to follow up on the last two issues of te Karaka.

The Waiata Maori Choir was formed in the 1920s underthe auspice of the Hahi Weteriana (Methodist MaoriMission) stationed at both the Waikato and TeWaipounamu. Father Seamer (Te Hiima) was thefacilitator. He was a contemporary of Te Puea Herangiin the Waikato.

The Hahi Weteriana was for some time dominant andinfluential in both areas.

Ngai Tahu within the group were:

William Tapuhokiwairua Tainui, Airini Grenell, HinemoaLinda Grennell, Tony Tikao-Barrett, George Gray,TUkitaharangi Weller Ellison, Mori Mervyn Coral MeiEllison (Mrs Pickering), Taka Moss (nee RopataJEliison),Joseph Tutawhiao Moss, Alan Fife.

To my knowledge, the last survivor of Te Waiata MaoriChoir is ourTaua Mori Pickering (nee Ellison) of Dunedin,now in her 91 sl year.

The Rehua Marae in Christchurch has numerous photosand memorabilia of the Waiata Maori Choir in their heyday (1920s -1930s).

Terry Ryan, Hahi Weteriana, Otautahi

The Waiata Maori Choir

Thank you very much for themany copies of te Karaka youhave sent me. However in thisday and age the best things in lifeare no longer free so please sendme an account of costs, postage etc.

In your latest copy: I met Ted Parata when we werebirding, Mum and me on Poutama. While working in WestArm when the Yanks put the tunnel through to DeepCove, I ran into Ted and Tom who were also workingthere.

After West Arm finished we, the NZED workforce,transferred to South Arm Winton, Etterick, Clyde,Cromwell and Twizel and be damned if Ted wasn't theretoo. He was a good hard worker and a man. When BobWhaitiri and Mary had their house built in Bluff, TaffyHughes the plumber did the work on it on weekendswhen not working on the Harbour Board. He'd get me tohelp him digging ditches, a general dogsbody. Whileliving in "Putangitangi" Pirinoa where we have a fewacres, our next door neighbours Barney and LizzieMcKenzie had a girl called Roma Huria staying with themduring various holidays; if she is still alive and kickinggive her my regards.

Yours Sincerely, Waata Hutana

Thank you for your letter. Te Karaka is a benefit to alltribal members. It helps keep everyone in touch with thetribal organisation. The costs are covered by thestructure.

Dear Gabrielle,I was interested to read in the miscellaneous section ofte Karaka, Kahuru 1999, the article about Hiria KokoroBarrett. I am wondering if she is the same person who islisted in our whakapapa. Her name appears as HiriaKokore Kerei and would be my Aunt, the wife of my Uncle,Francis Te Hau Barrett and mother of my cousin HenryKokoro Barrett, who I first met in the Maori Battalion inEgypt.

Francis and Hiria's children according to my Whakapapaare Henry, Malta, Hine, Neta, Ima, Moera and Nan! butno mention of Toki and Mereti. I was born and raised inDannevirke in the Hawkes Bay and knew my two aunts,Matilda Sarah Tawhai (Barrett) and Colina HeeniEdwards (Barrett) very well, also the families as we wereall living in Dannevirke. However I only met my UncleFrancis or Frank as the family called him once and thatwas at our Taua Louisa's tangi in 1936 at Tuahiwi. I wasonly thirteen at the time.

I did not have a great deal of contact with my South Islandrelations except for my sister Te Uira who lived much ofher life in Tuahiwi and of course is buried there.

Our father was Charles David Barrett, son of P6uaHenare Barrett and Taua Louisa Barrett (Hunter).

I would be grateful to anyone with knowledge of thisbranch of our family who would perhaps contact me atthe address below with any information as to whether ornot Hiria Kokore Kerei is the same person as Hiria KokoroBarrett.

Kia OraDon Barrett5 Dougherty PlacePalmerston North

Don, Terry Ryan from the Whakapapa Unit suggestsmaking contact with Mrs Kui Maruhaeremuri Nihoniho(Stirling) or Aroha Reriti-Crofts from Tuahiwi to help youwith this. Kui is the widow of your nephew TeRongohengia Nihoniho.

I was a member of the Kiwi Concert Party in the MiddleEast 1941-1943 and the 4th Field Reg. 1939-1941 andone of the first echelons to leave New Zealand.

Would there be many returned servicemen of Ngai Tahudescent?

We hear all about the 28 th Maori Battalion. Would it beworthwhile to ask for feedback on this, while theservicemen are still alive?

Cyril Pasco

L.R.S.M. London

Tena koe Gabrielle,

r- Ngil Reta~ Tena koe Gabrielle

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