jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! )...Sep 12, 2019 · jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s...
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( jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! ) Padasalai's NEWS - Group https://t.me/joinchat/NIfCqVRBNj9hhV4wu6_NqA Padasalai's Channel - Group https://t.me/padasalaichannel Lesson Plan - Group https://t.me/joinchat/NIfCqVWwo5iL-21gpzrXLw 12th Standard - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_12th 11th Standard - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_11th 10th Standard - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_10th 9th Standard - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_9th 6th to 8th Standard - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_6to8 1st to 5th Standard - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_1to5 TET - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_TET PGTRB - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_PGTRB TNPSC - Group https://t.me/Padasalai_TNPSC
Transcript of jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! )...Sep 12, 2019 · jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s...
( jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! )
Padasalai's NEWS - Group
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Lesson Plan - Group
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6th to 8th Standard - Group
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1st to 5th Standard - Group
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TET - Group
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PGTRB - Group
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TNPSC - Group
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Padasalai
1
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
ஸ்ரீ வித்யபாரதி மெட்ரிக் மெல்நிலைப்பள்ளி> rf;fuhk;ghisak;> mfuk; (PO)>vyr;rpg;ghisak;
jpUr;nrq;NfhL (TK) ehkf;fy;(DT) 637202. Cell :99655-31727, 94432-31727
fhyhz;Lg; nghJj;Njh;T> nrg;lk;gh; - 2019
TENTATIVE ANSWER KEY (12.09.2019)
tFg;G – 12 nghJj;jkpo; kjpg;ngz; :90
t. vz;
tpil MARK TOT.
MARK
gFjp - I
14x1=14
m) midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpil jUf.
1 <) 2>3>4>1 1
2 ,) ,uhkd;> Rf;hPtd; 1
3 M) fhtpak; 1
4 M) fzpjk; 1
5 M) kzy; ms;Sjy; 1
6 m) tl nrd;idg; gFjpfs; 1
7 ,) fhisapy; G+j;j ky;ypif kdk; tPrpaJ. 1
8 M) cah;jpiz> m/wpiz 1
9 <) <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; nganur;rk; 1
10 ,) epWj;jw;Fwpfis chpa ,lq;fspy; ,l;L vOJjy; 1
11 m) nrg;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;gNyhir 1
12 ,) fhl;rp 1
13 M) mLf;Fj;njhlh; 1
14 M) G+kzp 1
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Padasalai
2
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
gFjp - II
gphpT - 1 vitNaDk; %d;wDf;F tpil jUf.(nra;As;)
12x2=24
15 “jiyairj;J cjWfpwJ
kPjkhd nrhl;Lfis <ukhd kuq;fs;” vd;w ghly; thpfs; ,lk; ngw;w E}y; - ma;ag;g khjtd; ftpijfs; (ftpij jiyg;G - gpwnfhUehs; Nfhil) Mrphpah; - ma;ag;g khjtd;
1 1
2
16 rpdj;ij Vd; fhf;f Ntz;Lk;?
xUth; jd;idj;jhd; fhj;Jf;nfhs;s tpUk;gpdhy;> rpdk; thuhky; fhj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;
fhf;fhtpl;lhy;> rpdk; ek;ikNa mopj;JtpLk;.
1 1
2
17 „vj;jpirapYk; NrhW jl;lhJ fpl;Lk;‟ – ahu;f;F?
ntl;Lk;; jr;rdpd; njhopy; ty;y gps;isfs;> NfhlhupAld; fhl;Lf;Fr; nrd;why; mtu;fs; ntl;Ltjw;F VjhtJ xU kuk; fpilf;fhkyh NghFk;?
mJNghy> fiyj;njhopypy; ty;y midtu;f;Fk; ,t;Tyfpy; vj;jpirapy; nrd;whYk; mj;jpirapy; NrhW> jtwhky; fpl;Lk;.
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18 fyptpoh> xyptpoh - tpsf;fk; jUf. fyptpoh:
,sk; ngz;fs; Muthuj;NjhL nfhz;lhLk; jpUtpohf;fs; epiwe;j tPjpfisAila nghpa Ch; jpUkapiy MFk;.
mq;F vOr;rpkpf;f tpohf;fs; epfOk;
kf;fs; tWikiag; Nghf;Fk; tpohitf; fz;ldh;.
xyptpoh:
fghyPr;ruk; vd;Dk; Nfhtpypy; mkh;e;j ,iwtDf;Fj; jpirNjhWk; g+irapLk; gq;Fdp cj;ju ehspy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; Muthu tpoh xyptpoh MFk;.
1 1
2
gphpT - 2 vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F tpil jUf.(ciueil)
19 eil mofpay; gw;wpj; njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpd; fUj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLf.
„eilngw;wpaYk;‟ (fpstpahf;fk;> 26) vd;Wk;
„eiletpd;nwhOFk;‟ (nra;.135) vd;Wk; rpy nrhw;nwhlu;fisj; njhy;fhg;gpak; ifahz;bUf;fpwJ.
½
½
2
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Padasalai
3
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
Mrpupa eilj;Nj tQ;rp; Vid ntz;gh eilj;Nj fyp (nra;.107)
1
20 kzypy; vOjpaJ Kjy; jw;fhyk; tiu vOJk; Kiwapy; Vw;gl;Ls;s khw;wq;fisj; njhFj;Jiuf;f.
cghj;jpahau; Kjypy; jiuapy;(kzypy;) vOj mjd; Nky; gps;isfs; tpsk;Gthu;fs;. gpwF jhNk vOjp vOjpg; goFthu;fs;.
kzypy; vOjpf; fw;w gof;fk;> gpd; rpNyl;Lf;Fr;rp nfhz;L rpNyl;by; vOJk; gof;fkhfp> ,d;W Ngdh gpbj;J vOJk; gof;fkha; khwpAs;sJ. ,dp tUq;fhyj;jpy; vg;gof;fk; cUntLf;FNkh?
1 1
2
21 fPo;j;jpirr; Rtbfs; E}yfk; Fwpj;J vOJf.
fhypd; nkf;fd;rpapd; njhFg;Gfisf; nfhz;L 1869,y; cUthf;fg;gl;l E}yfk; fPo;jpirr; Rtbfs; E}yfk; MFk;.
Xiyr;Rtbfs;> jhs;Rtbfs;> Gj;jfq;fs; vdg; ngUk; njhFg;Gfs; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
1 1
2
gphpT - 3 vitNaDk; VoDf;F tpil jUf.(nkhopg;gapw;rp)
22 nghUSzh;e;J nrhw;nwhlhpy; mikj;njOJf. fsk;> fyk; fsk; - Nghh;f;fsk; fyk; - fg;gy;
fsk; nry;tjw;Fg; Nghh; tPuh;fs; fyj;jpy; gazpj;J te;jdh;. (nghUj;jkhd nrhw;nwhlh; vOjpapUg;gpd; KO kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;.)
1 1
2
23 jpUtsu;r;nry;td;> jpUtsu; nry;td; - ,tw;wpy; rupahd njhlu; vJ? mjw;fhd ,yf;fz tpjp ahJ? rhpahd njhlh;:
jpUtsu; nry;td;
jpUtsh; nry;td; vd;gJ tpidj;njhif ,yf;fz tpjp:
tpidj;njhifr; nrhy;Yf;fpilapy; ty;ypdk; kpff;$lhJ.
1 1
2
24 ntz;ghtpw;Fupa jisfs; ahit? ,aw;rPu; ntz;lis - khKd; epiu tpsKd; Neu; ntz;rPu; ntz;lis - fha;Kd; Neu;
1 1
2
25 “khe;Njhg;G tre;jj;jpd; gl;lhil cLj;jpapUf;fpwJ” - ,jpy; vt;tifg; gbkk; ntspg;gLfpwJ?
,g;ghlybfspy; nka; (tbtg;) gbkk; ntspg;ggLfpwJ.
1½
2
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Padasalai
4
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
khe;Njhg;G gUt fhyj;jpd; moF gl;lhilahf kuj;ijg; Nghu;j;jpapUg;gJ g+f;fSk; jspu;fSk; gl;lhilia cLj;jpa ngz;zpd; Njhw;wj;ij my;yJ g+j;jpUf;Fk; kuj;jpd; Njhw;wj;NjhL xg;gpl;Ls;sJ.
½
26 „G+k;ghtha;‟ - gphpj;Jg; Gzh;r;rp tpjp $Wf.
G+k;ghtha;; = G+ + ghtha;
tpjp : „G+g;ngah;Kd; ,dnkd;ikAk; Njhd;Wk;‟ - vd;w
tpjpg;gb tUnkhop „g;‟ f;F ,dkhd nky;ypd vOj;J
„k;‟ Njhd;wp G+k;ghtha; vd;W Gzh;e;jJ.
1 1 2
27 „tpk;Kfpd;w‟ - cWg;gpyf;fzk; jUf.
tpk;Kfpd;w = tpk;K + fpd;W + m tpk;K - gFjp
fpd;W - epfo;fhy ,ilepiy m - nganur;r tpFjp
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2
28 Ngr;Rtof;if vOj;J tof;fhf khw;Wf t+l;lhz;l ntisahz;l nfhae;ijia mg;gh vq;f ,];JfpD NghdhU. tPl;Lf;F mUfpy; tpisahbf;nfhz;bUe;j Foe;ijia mg;gh vq;F mioj;Jf;nfhz;L nrd;whh;.
2 2
29 njhlhpy; cs;s gpiofis ePf;fp vOJf. m) xt;nthU tPLfspYk;; E}yfk; cs;sJ. xt;nthU tPl;bYk; E}yfk; cs;sJ. M) ehd; RLjz;zPhpy; Fspj;Njd;. ehd; nte;ePhpy; Fspj;Njd;.
1 1
2
30
ty;ypd; nka;fis ,l;L vOJf. m) ghliy ghbdhs;. ghliyg; ghbdhs;. M) NjUf;F nrd;whd;. NjUf;Fr; nrd;whd;.
1 1
2
gFjp - III
gphpT - 1 vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F tpil jUf.(nra;As;)
7x4=28
31 thilf; fhyj;jpy; Nfhtyu;fs; vt;thW ghJfhg;igj; Njbdu;?
jho;thd gFjpfspy; ngUfpa nts;sj;ij ntWj;j> tisj;j NfhiyAila Mau; vUik> gR> ML Mfpa epiufis NtW Nklhd epyq;fspy; Nka tpl;ldu;.
jhk; gofpa epyj;ij tpl;Lg; ngaUk; epiyahy; tUj;jk; mile;jdu;. clk;gpNy gl;l Fsph;> Nfhtyiug; nghpJk; tUj;jpaJ.
mf;Fsph; eyptpidg; Nghf;ff; Nfhtyh; gyUk; xd;WNrh;e;jdh;@ jPia %l;bdh;@
1
1
4
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Padasalai
5
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
mjidr; Rw;wp mkh;e;jdh;@ jPapy; jk; iffisf; fha;j;Jf; fd;dj;jpy; itj;Jf;nfhz;ldh;.
vdpDk;> mth;fshy; Fspiug; Nghf;f ,aytpy;iy.
mth;fspd; Nky;thAk; fPo;thAk; mfd;Wk; Nrh;e;Jk; eLq;fpd. mjdhy; Nkw;gw;fSk; fPo;g;gw;fSk; giwabg;gd Nghy Nkhjp xypAz;lhf;fpd.
1
1
32 “%d;whd fhyk; Nghy; xd;W” – vit? Vd;? tpsf;Ff.
%d;whd fhyk; Nghy; xd;whdit:
vz;zk;
ntspaPL
Nfl;ly; tpsf;fk; :
nrhy;y tpUk;gpa fUj;Jfnsy;yhk; nrhw;fspy; tUtjpy;iy.
tpUk;ghj khw;wq;fSk;> ,yf;if mila Kbahky; Vkhw;wq;fSk; kdk; tUe;jf; fhuzq;fshfpd;wd.
epidg;gJ xd;Wk; elg;gJ xd;Wkhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
epidg;gJk; epidf;fhjJk; fye;Jk; epfo;fpwJ.
vypf;Fg; nghwp itj;jhy; ek; tpuNy nghwpapy; rpf;FtJz;L.
ePUf;fhf miyAk;NghJ Rit kpFe;j ,sePUk; fpilf;Fk;. thfdj;jpw;F ntspr;rk; jUk; thy;kPdhf ehk; epidjj;ijg; Ngr;rpdpy; nfhz;Lte;jhYk; Gupe;Jnfhz;L Nfl;gjpy; rpf;fyhfpwJ.
fdpapd; Rit fdpiag; nghWj;J kl;Lky;y. cz;Nghupd; grpiaAk; ehtpd; Rit nkhl;LfisAk; rhu;e;jJ.
vz;zk;> ntspaPL> Nfl;ly; vd;w %d;Wk; vg;NghJk; xd;whf ,Ug;gJ ,y;iy. jdpj;jdpahfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.
,we;jfhyk; fle;jJ ; vjpu;fhyk; fw;gid ;
epfo;fhyk; kl;Lk; cz;ik. ,e;j %d;W fhyq;fSk; vg;NghJk; xd;whf ,Ug;gJ ,y;iy. fhyk; vd;W Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ kl;Lk; xd;whf ,Uf;Fk;. kw;wgb jdpj;jdpjhd;.
vz;zk;> ntspaPL> Nfl;ly; vd;w %d;Wk; vg;NghJk; xNu Nfhl;by; ed;whf ,iztJ ,y;iy. vg;NghjhtJ kl;Lk; xd;whff; fhl;rp jUk;. mjdhy;jhd; ,e;j %d;iwAk; %d;whd fhyk;Nghy; xd;W vd;W ftpQu; rp.kzp Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;.
1
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4
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Padasalai
6
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
33 ,uhkypq;f mbfs; fe;jNtsplk; vj;jifNahu; cwT Ntz;Lnkdf; Nfl;fpwhu;?
mwk; nra;thh; epiwe;jpUf;Fk; nrd;idapd; fe;jNfhl;lj;Jj; jpUf;Nfhtpypy; vOe;jUspapUf;Fk; fe;jNtNs!
Fsph;e;j Kfj;Njhw;wj;ijAila J}a khzpf;f kzpNa! mk;kzpfSs; mUs;epiwe;j irtkzpNa!
vdf;F xU newpg;gl;l kdj;Jld; epd;Dila kyh;Nghd;w jpUtbfis epidf;fpd;w cj;jkh;jk; cwT Ntz;;Lk;.
cs;sj;jpy; xd;Wk; Gwj;jpy; xd;Wkhfg; NgRk; tQ;rfh;jk; cwT vd;idg; gw;whjthW fhf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ngUik rhd;w epdJ GfioNa ehd; Ngr Ntz;Lk;. ngha; NgrhjpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
rpwe;j tho;tpay; newpiag; gpd;gw;WkhW vdf;F mUs Ntz;Lk;. kjkhd Nga; vd;id mZfhjpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
JwTf;F vjpuhd ngz;zhiria vd; kdk; kwf;f Ntz;Lk;. vd;Wk; cd;id kwthjpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kjpAk; epd; fUizahfpa epjpAk; Nehaw;w tho;Tk; cilatdhf ehd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
MWKfq;fis cila nja;tkhfpa kzpNa> ,j;jifa rpwg;Gfis eP vdf;F mUs;thahf.
1
½
½
½
½
½
½
4
34 Vq;nfhypePu; Qhyj;J ,Usfw;Wk; - ,lQ; Rl;bg; nghUs; tpsf;Ff. ,lk; : jz;b vd;gtuhy; vOjg;gl;l jz;bayq;fhuk; vd;Dk; E}ypy; jd;Ndu; ,yhj jkpo; - jz;bayq;fhu ciu Nkw;Nfhs; ghly; nghUszpapay; gFjpapy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ. nghUs:; xypf;fpd;w ePh; epiwe;j flyhy; #og;gl;l ,e;j cyfj;jpd; Gw ,Uis mfw;Wk; vd;gJ ,t;tbapd; nghUshFk;.
tpsf;fk; : kf;fshy; Nghw;wg;gl;L> cah;e;j kiyfSf;F ,ilNa Njhd;wp> flyhy; #og;gl;l cyfj;jpd; Gw ,Uis mfw;WtJ xd;W. nghjpif kiyapy; Njhd;wp> rhd;Nwhuhy; njhog;gl;L> kf;fspd; mwpahik vd;Dk; mf ,Uisg; Nghf;FtNjhL xg;Gtik ,y;yhjJkhf ,Ug;gJ ,d;ndhd;W. ,Uisg; Nghf;Fk; ,t;tpuz;by; xd;W xsph;fpd;w fjputd;@ ,d;ndhd;W jdf;F epfupy;yhj jkpo;.
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Padasalai
7
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
gphpT - 2 vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F tpil jUf.(ciueil)
35 rq;fg;ghly;fspy; xypf;Nfhyk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f xU gz;ghFk; - tpsf;Ff. nkhopapd; Njhw;wk;:
ve;jj; njhd;ikahd nkhopAk; rkpf;iQapypUe;Jk; ,irapypUe;Jk;jhd; njhlq;FfpwJ.
nkhop rhu;e;j ftpijAk; ,irNahLk; ,irf;fUtpNahLk;jhd; gpwf;fpwJ. XirAk; nghUSk; ,ize;J fiytbtk; nfhs;fpd;wd.
xypg;gpd;dy;:
,jidNa me;jg; gDtypd; ghlypd; -
xypg;gpd;dy; (sound texture) vd;fpNwhk;. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf xU ghly; : fle;jL jhid %tpUq;$b cld;wdpu; MapDk; gwk;G nfhsw;fupNj@ Ke;E}W Cu;j;Nj jz;gwk;G ed;dhL@ Ke;E}W CUk; guprpyu; ngw;wdu;@ ahKk; ghupAk; csNk@ Fd;Wk; cz;LePu; ghbdpu; nrypNd (Gwk;.110) vd;Dk; ,g;ghlypy; td;ikahd czu;r;rpiaf; fhl;Lfpw tpjj;jpy; f> j> l> w Kjypa ty;ypd nka;fs;> gpw nky;ypd> ,ilapd nka;fisf; fhl;bYk; mjpfkhf tUjiy mwpe;Jnfhs;syhk;.
xypfSk; nrhw;fSk; jpUk;g tuy;:
,d;Dk; rpy ghly; mbfis ,q;Nf ,jdbg;gilapy; xg;gpl;Lg; ghu;j;J xypf;Nfhyj;jpd; typikia mwpe;Jnfhs;syhk;.
rpWrpW thf;fpaq;fs;> NgRNthupd; mWjpapl;Lg; NgRk; jd;ikiaf; fhl;Lfpd;wd. glhmk; <j;j nflhm ey;ypirf; flhm ahidf; fypkhd; Ngf (Gwk;.145) Gzupd; GzuhJ nghUNs@ nghUs;tapd; gpupapd; GzuhJ Gzu;Nt (ew;.16) Ee;ij je;ijf;F ,td;je;ij je;ij (Gwk;.290) ,g;gbg; gy. capu; xypfs; - Fwpg;ghf neby; xypfspd; tUifAk;> rpy xypfSk; rpy nrhw;fSk; jpUk;gtuy; jd;ik ngw;wpUg;gJk; ,tw;NwhL Nru;e;J epfo;j;jg;ngWk; nrhy; tpisahl;LfSk; ,q;Nf ftdj;jpw;Fupad. ,e;j xypf;Nfhyk; rq;fg;ghly;fspy; Kf;fpakhd xU gz;G MFk;.
1 1 1 1
4
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Padasalai
8
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
36 ePq;fs;; Mrpupau;fshdhy; khzhf;fiu md;gpdhy; vt;tifapy; newpg;gLj;JtPu;?
ehd; Mrpupauhdhy; khzhf;fu;fsplk; md;Gk;> ghrKk; fhl;b mtu;fis newpg;gLj;JNtd;. nfhba jz;lidfs; mspf;f khl;Nld;.
mtu;fs; kdk; Gz;gLk;gbahd fLikahd thu;j;ijfis tFg;giwapy; gad;gLj;jkhl;Nld;.
mtu;fSld; el;GlDk;> md;GlDk; gofp ey;y tFg;giw #oiy cUthf;fp> vd; kPJ cs;s gaj;ijg; Nghf;fp nray;Kiw fw;gpj;jiy cUthf;FNtd;. fw;wypy; gpd;jq;fpNahiu fw;Nghiu md;gpdhy; newpgLj;JNtd;.
khztu;fsplk; vt;tpj NtWghLk; ghu;f;fhky; eLepiyNahL nray;gLNtd;.
khztu;fspilNa FO kdg;ghd;ikia Vw;gLj;JNtd;.
mwpTiuAk; topfhl;LjYk; toq;fp Mw;Wg;gLj;JNtd;.
khztu;fsplk; cs;s jdpj;jpwikiaf; fz;lwpe;J Cf;fg;gLj;JNtd;.
nghWg;Gfisg; gfpu;e;jspj;J> midtUk; kjpf;fg;gLfpNwhk; vd;W vz;zj;ijak; ek;gpf;ifiaAk; Vw;gLj;JNtd;.
mjPj FWk;G nra;Ak; khztid tFg;Gj; jiytdhf epakpj;J mtid kilkhw;wk; nra;Ntd;.
khztidg; gw;wpa midj;Jj; jfty;fisAk; njupe;J nfhz;L> mtu;fspd; eyd; rhu;e;j nray;fis Nkw;nfhs;Ntd;.
khztu;fspd; xUq;fpize;J tsu;r;rpf;F cWJizahf ,Ug;Ngd;.
(nghUj;jkhd 4 fUj;Jfs; vOjpapUg;gpd; KO kjpg;ngz;fs; toq;fyhk;)
4
37 kionts;s ghjpg;gpypUe;J fhj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; Kd;ndr;rupf;if eltbf;iffisf; Fwpg;gpLf. ,aw;iff;F vjpuha;r; nray;glhjPh;:
,ay;ghfNt ngUkiof;Fj; jhq;ff;$ba Fsk;> Fl;il> Vhp> MW> tha;f;fhy;> nts;sr;rkntspfs; Nghd;w Vw;ghLfis ,aw;if mikj;jpUf;fpwJ. mtw;iwr; Nrjg;gLj;jhky; Kiwahfj; J}h;thh;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; ,e;j mikg;gpy; ,ilaPL nra;J> ePh;epiyfis mopj;Jf; FbapUg;G> njhopw;rhiy> fy;tp epWtdk; Nghd;wtw;iw cUthf;ff;$lhJ.
nefpop> jplf;fopT Mfpatw;iwf; nfhl;b> ePh;topg;ghijfisf; FWf;fp> nts;sr;rkntspfs; ,y;yhky; nra;Jtplf;$lhJ.
msNthL kziy ms;Sf:
epyj;jb ePh;kl;lk; ntFtha;f; FiwAk; tifapy; Fwpg;gpl;l msitAk; fle;J Mw;wpy; kzypid vLj;Jg; gad;gLj;j mDkjpf;ff;$lhJ.
1 1
4
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Padasalai
9
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspf;fg;gl Ntz;bait:
nts;sg;ngUf;if vjph;nfhs;Sk; tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
tbfhy; trjpia Nkw;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
#whtsp> Gay;> nts;sk; Fwpj;j Nghjpa tpopg;Gzh;it midj;Jg; nghJkf;fSk; ngUk; tpjj;jpy; Nghplh; Nkyhz;ik Mizak; Kaw;rp Nkw;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
Nguplu;f; fhyq;fspy; jhq;ff;$baitahfg; Gjpa fl;Lkhdq;fis mikf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ePu;topg; ghijfSf;fhdj; njspthd tiuglk; cUthf;fg;gl;L mg;ghijfisj; njhlu;e;J guhkupf;f Ntz;Lk;.
r%ff; fhLfs; tsu;g;Gj; jpl;lq;fisr; r%f ,af;fkhf tsu;j;njLf;f Ntz;Lk;
flw;fiu Xuq;fspy; rJg;G epyf;fhLfs; tsu;j;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
2
38 mwptpd; efuk; nrd;id vd;gjw;fhd rhd;Wfs; ehd;F jUf.
18Mk; E}w;whz;bNyNa INuhg;gpa Kiwf; fy;tp fw;gpf;Fk; epWtdk; Njhd;wpd.
1715,y; Gdpj Nkup Njthya ju;kg;gs;sp Mrpahtpy; cUthd Kjy; INuhg;gpaf; fy;tp Kiwapyhd gs;spahFk;.
1812 nrd;idf; Nfhl;ilf; fy;Y}up
1837 ,y; njhlq;fg;gl;l fpwpj;Jtf; fy;Y}hp
1840 khepyf; fy;Y}up (gpurpnld;rp fy;Y}up)
1857 nrd;idg; gy;fiyf;fofk;
1914 ,uhzpNkup fy;Y}up
,it kl;Lky;yhky; Mq;fpNyaupd; cjtpapd;wp ,e;jpau; xUtuhy; cUthf;fg;gl;l fy;Y}upahf gr;irag;gd; fy;Y}up tpsq;FfpwJ. kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}up> ftpd;fiyf; fy;Y}up Nghd;w gy;Jiw rhu;e;j fy;Y}upfs; ,q;Fs;sd. (vitNaDk; ehd;F vOjpapUg;gpd; KO kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;.)
4
gphpT - 3 vitNaDk; %d;wDf;F tpil jUf.(nkhopg;gapw;rp)
39 VfNjr cUtf mzp
mzp ,yf;fzk;: njhlh;Gila ,U nghUl;fSs;> xd;iw kl;Lk; cUtfk; nra;J kw;nwhd;iw cUtfk; nra;ahky; tpLtJ VfNjr cUtf mzp MFk;. rhd;W: rpdk;vd;Dk; Nru;e;jhiuf; nfhy;yp ,dk;vd;Dk; Vkg; Giziar; RLk;.
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10
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
rhd;W tpsf;fk;:
rpdk;> jd;idr; Nrh;e;jtiuAk; mopf;Fk; neUg;G.
mJ xUtuJ Rw;wk; vd;Dk; ghJfhg;Gj; njg;gj;ijAk; Rl;lopf;Fk;. mzpg;nghUj;jk;: ,q;Fr; Rw;wj;ijj; njg;gkhf cUtfg;gLj;jp> gpwtpiaf; flyhf cUtfg;gLj;jhky; tpl;ljhy; VfNjr cUtf mzp MFk;.
1
(my;yJ) nghUs; Ntw;Wik mzp mzp ,yf;fzk; :
,UNtW nghUs;fSf;fhd xw;Wikia Kjypy; $wpg; gpd; NtWg;gLj;jpf; fhl;LtJ nghUs; Ntw;Wik mzp MFk;. rhd;W :
“Xq;fypil te;J cau;e;Njhu; njhotpsq;fp
Vq;nfhypePu; Qhyj;(J) ,Usfw;Wk; ------”
rhd;W tpsf;fk;: cjafphpapy; Njhd;Wjy;> Nkd;kf;fshy; njhog;gLjy;> ,Us; mfw;Wjy; Mfpa %d;W Fzq;fis cilaJ #hpad;. nghjpa kiyapy; Njhd;wpaik> mwpTilNahh; njhONjj;Jk;gb tpsq;Fjy;> mwpahik ,Uis mfw;Wjy; Mfpa %d;W Fzq;fis cila jkpo;nkhopf;F epfuhf vk;nkhopAk; ,y;iy. mzpg;nghUj;jk;: fjputDk;> jkpo;nkhopAk; kiyapy; Njhd;Wfpd;wd vd xg;Gikiaf; $wp> mtw;Ws; jkpo;nkhopf;F epfuhf Ntnwe;j nkhopAk; ,t;Tyfpy; ,y;iy vd;W NtWgLj;jpf; fhl;bajhy; ,g;ghly; nghUs; Ntw;Wikazp MFk;
2 1 1
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40 ,yf;fpa eak; ghuhl;ly; jpuz;l fUj;J> ikaf;fUj;J vJif> Nkhid> ,iaG> Kuz;> mzp> re;jk;> Rit Nghd;w eaq;fspy; vitNaDk; %d;W eaq;fs; vOjpapUg;gpd; kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;.
2 2
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41 gpd;tUk; jiyg;Gfspy; VNjDk; xd;wDf;Ff; ftpij Gidf. nre;jkpo; (my;yJ) epyh vJif Nkhid Nghd;w Vw;w eaq;fSld; 15 thpfSf;F kpfhky; ftpij vOjpapUg;gpd; KO kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;.
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11
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
42 jkpohf;fk; jUf. m) Learning is a treasure that will follow its owner
everywhere.
fw;wy; vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; cupikahsiug;
gpd;gw;Wk; xU nghf;fp~khFk;. / fw;wy; vd;gJ xU Gijay; Nghyf; fw;gtiu mJ njhlh;e;J nry;Yk;.
M) A new language is a new life.
xU Gjpa nkhop vd;gJ xU Gjpa tho;f;ifiag; Nghd;wJ.
,) If you want people to understand you, speak their
language.
kf;fs; cq;fisg;; Gupe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lnkdpy; eP mtu;fsJ nkhopapy; Ngr Ntz;Lk;.
<) Knowledge of languages is the doorway to wisdom.
nkhopfspd; mwpT Qhdj;jpw;fhd Kf;fpa topj;jlk;
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42 fhJ NfshNjhUf;fhd khw;W tpdh: 1. cly; eyg; ghjpg;GfSf;F %y fhuzkha; mikgit vit?
,d;iwa tho;f;ifr; #oypy; Xa;tpd;ik> fhyk; jtwpa czT> czTg; gof;ftof;f khw;wk; cs;spl;litNa gy;NtW cly;eyg; ghjpg;GfSf;F %y fhuzkhfpd;wd.
2. ek; Kd;Ndhh;fs; vt;tpjk; tho;e;jdh;?
czNt kUe;J kUe;Nj czT vd;W tho;e;jtu;fs; ek; Kd;Ndhu;fs;.
3. rkr;rPh; czT vd;gJ ahJ? xUtu; cl;nfhs;Sk; cztpy; Gujk;> nfhOg;G>
khr;rj;J> fdpkq;fs;> Ez;Z}l;lr; rj;Jfs; Nru;e;jNj rkr;rPu; czT.
4. ehk; vt;thW cz;z Ntz;Lk;?
mstwpe;J cz;z Ntz;baJ mtrpakhFk;.
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43 gonkhopia tho;f;if epfo;TfNshL njhlh;GgLj;jp vOJf. fw;Nwhh;f;Fr; nrd;w ,lnky;yhk; rpwg;G (my;yJ) rpWJUk;Gk; gy;Fj;j cjTk; gonkhop tpsf;fk; tho;f;if epfo;tpy; gonkhop mwpAk; fUj;J(ePjp)
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12
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
gFjp -IV
,U gf;fq;fSf;F kpfhky; tpil jUf.(neLtpdh) 3x6=18
44
ftpij vOj mwpa Ntz;Ltdthfr; Rujh $Wtdtw;iw tptupf;f. Kd;Diu :
ctikf; ftpQu; Rujh> „Jiwkfk;‟ vd;w jkJ ftpijj; njhFg;G E}ypy; ftpij vOj mwpa Ntz;Ltdtw;iwg; gl;baypLfpwhu;. mtw;iwg; gw;wp ,q;Ff; fhz;Nghk;.
ftpij NtW> ciueil NtW :
jhtuj;jpypUe;J> ,jo;fisf; Ftpj;Jf;nfhz;L Njhd;WtJ> mUk;G vdg;gLk;. mjd; ,jo;fs; tphpe;J kyh;e;Jtpl;lhy;> mg;NghJ G+ vdg;gLk;. ,t;thW xU nghUs; cUkhw;wNkh ,lk; khw;wNkh ngWk;NghJ ntt;NtW ngah; ngWfpwJ. mNj Nghy;> nrhw;fSk; mikf;fg;gLk; tbtj;jhy; ftpij vdTk;> trdk; vdTk; ngah; ngWfpwJ.
kf;fs; NgRk; vspa nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L vJif> Nkhid Kjypad Nru;f;fhky;> mbasit mwpahky; vOJtNj ciueil.
ahg;gpyf;fz cWg;Gfshd vOj;J> rPu;> mir> jis> mb> njhil Nghd;wtw;iwf; nfhz;L ,aw;WtNj ftpij.
ftpij vOjj; njhlq;f :
jz;zPh; Njf;fg;gl;L tpisepyk; gjg;gl;L nefpo;e;jpUe;jhy; me;epyj;jpdpy; Vh; G+l;b Mokha; mfykha; cOtjw;F vspjha; ,Uf;Fk;. mJNghy> xUth; Mo;e;J mfd;W gbj;jpUe;jhy; gd;D}W nrhw;fs; mth; neQ;rpy; gjpe;jpUf;Fk;. mth; ftpij vOjj; njhlq;fpaJk;> ed;F fdpe;j fdpiar; rw;Nw mOj;jpaTld; rhW ntspNa tUtJ Nghy> rw;Wr; rpe;jpj;jJk; mr;nrhw;fs;
gha;e;J te;J> „vd;id vLj;Jf;nfhs;> vd;id
vLj;Jf;nfhs;‟ vd Kd; epw;Fk;. midj;jhd;
Rujh mth;fs; “gOj;jpUe;jhy; rhW tUk;@ taypy; jz;zPh; gha;e;jpUe;jhy; Vh;fs; tUk;@
mJNghy ,q;Nf vOj;jpUe;jhy; mirfs; tUk;” vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.
vOj;Jfs; njhlu;e;J ,Ue;jhy; mirfs; tUk;. mirfs; Nru;e;J rPu; tUk;. ,uz;L rPupd; ,ilntspapy; jisfs; tUk;.
jisfs; njhlu;e;J ele;J mbfs; mikAk;. mbapd; fPNo mbapUe;jhy; njhilfs; tUk;.
njhil eaq;fs; ed;F mike;jpUe;jhy; ftpij tUk;. ,tw;iwj; njhpe;J nfhz;L ftpij vOjj; njhlq;f Ntz;Lk;.
khTk; GspAk; kuj;jpy; fha;f;Fk;. ftpijapd;
2 3
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Padasalai
13
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
rPu;fspy; NjkhTk; GspkhTk; ed;F fhzg;gLk;.
cupa tbtj;jpy; vOjhtpl;lhy; jisfs; nghUe;jhJ. ghlypd; ,Wjpr;rPu; ehs;> kyu;> fhR> gpwg;G vd;Dk; tha;ghLfspy; xd;iwf; nfhz;L KbAk;.
nrbapy; g+j;j g+kPJ tz;Lte;J mku;tJ Nghy ey;y Gytu;fspd; ghly;fspy; Gfo; jq;Fk;.
vspikahd ftpij :
rhjhuz fy;tp mwpTila kf;fSf;F GupAk; tz;zk; jkpo;f; ftpijfis ,aw;w Ntz;Lk;. mg;gbg;gl;l ey;y Gytu;fspd; ghly;fspy; Gfo; jq;Fk;.
KbTiu : cuj;jpdhy; gapu; tpistijg; Nghd;W> rpwe;j Nfs;tpNa Ma;Tf;F tpj;jpLk;. ekJ Kd;Ndhu;fs; Nghy EZf;fkhff; fw;why; cs;sj;jpy; mwk; tpisAk;> rpwe;j mwptpdhy; Gfo; tpisAk; vd;fpwhu; Rujh.
1
(my;yJ) nra;e;ed;wpawpjNy mwk; vd;gij thAiw tho;j;jpd; Jiznfhz;L epWTf.
nra;e;ed;wpawpjNy mwk;: Kd;Diu:
âU + FwŸ = âU¡FwŸ
"âU" v‹D« brhšÈnyna nk‹ik
bghUªâÆU¤jiy¡ fhzyh«. "cyf¥bghJkiw"
vd¥ ngh‰w¥gL»wJ. nra;e;ed;wpawpjNy mwk;
vd;gij thAiw tho;j;jpd; Jiz nfhz;L fhz;Nghk;.
tpz;> kz;:
“nra;ahky; nra;j cjtpf;F itafKk;
thdfKk; Mw;w yhpJ”
jhd; Xh; cjtpAk; nra;ahjpUe;Jk; jdf;F cjtp nra;j xUtUf;F kz;ZyifAk; tpz;ZyifAk; ifk;khwha;f; nfhLj;jhYk; <lhfhJ. cyfk;:
“fhyj;jp dhy;nra;j ed;wp rpwpJvdpDk;
Qhyj;jpd; khzg; nghpJ.”
chpa fhyj;jpy; xUth; nra;j cjtp mstpy; rpwpajhf ,Ue;jhYk;> mJ cyfj;jpd; msittpl kpfg; nghpajhFk;. fly;:
“gad;J}f;fhh; nra;j cjtp ead;J}f;fpd;
ed;ik flypd; nghpJ”
,d;d gad; fpilf;Fk; vd;W Muhahky; xUth; ekf;Fr; nra;j cjtpapd; md;Gilikia Muha;e;jhy;> mjd; ed;ik fliytplg; nghpajhFk;.
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Padasalai
14
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
gid:
“jpidj;Jiz ed;wp nrapDk; gidj;Jizahf;
nfhs;th; gad;njhp thh;”
xUth; jpidasthfpa cjtpiar; nra;j NghjpYk; mjd; gad; njhpe;jth;fs;> mjidNa gidasthff; nfhz;L Nghw;Wth;. tho top:
“ed;wp kwg;gJ ed;wd;W @ ed;wy;yJ
md;Nw kwg;gJ ed;W”
xUth; ekf;Fr; nra;j ed;ikia kwg;gJ ey;yjd;W @ mth; nra;j jPikia mg;nghONj kwe;JtpLtJ ey;yJ.
“ve;ed;wp nfhd;whh;f;Fk; ca;Tz;lhk;@ ca;tpy;iy
nra;e;ed;wp nfhd;w kfw;F”
ve;j mwj;ij mopj;jth;f;Fk; jg;gpg; gpiof;f tha;g;gpUf;Fk;. xUth; nra;j cjtpia kwe;J tpl;ltUf;F ca;Nt ,y;iy. KbTiu:
brŒªe‹¿ m¿jÈ‹ bgUikia cz®ªJ,
tŸStD¡F« tŸSt‹ FwS¡F« tz¡f«
brY¤Jnth«.
1 1 1
45 „nefpop jtpu;j;J epyj;ij epkpu;j;J‟ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; Rw;Wr;#oy; Mu;tyu; gRik jhrdhUld; ePq;fs; elj;jpa fw;gidf; fye;Jiuahly; fUj;Jfisj; njhFj;J vOJf.
fye;Jiuahly; cyfg; Gtp ehis(Vg;uy;. 22) Kd;dpl;L gRikjhrUld; fye;Jiuahly;
gq;Nfw;Nghh;: gRikjhrh;> ehd;(xxxx)
ehd; :tzf;fk; Iah! jq;fisr; re;jpg;gjpy; kpf;f kfpo;r;rp milfpNwd;. nefpop vd;why; vd;d Iah! gRikjhru; :tzf;fk; jk;gp! nefpop vd;gJ xU jplg;nghUs;. gy Ntjpapay; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L cUthf;fg;gLk;
xU nghUs;. “gpsh];bNfh];” vd;w fpNuf;fr; nrhy;ypy; ,Ue;J
„gpsh];bf;‟ vd;w nrhy; cUthdJ. ehd; :nefpop vg;NghJ ahuhy; Kjd; Kjypy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ Iah? gRikjhru; :nefpop Kjd; Kjypy; 1862-y; yz;lidr; Nru;e;j mnyf;rhz;lu; ghu;f;]; vd;gtuhy; nry;YNyh]; vd;w nghUspy; ,Ue;J jahupf;fg;gl;lJ. ehd; : nefpopapd; gad;ghL Fwpj;Jf; $Wq;fs; Iah? gRikjhru; :fhiy gy; Jyf;Fk; Jyg;ghdpypUe;J ,uT gLf;Fk; gha; tiu ehk; md;whlk; gad;gLj;Jk; ngUk;ghyhd nghUl;fs; vy;yhNk nefpop jhd;. nefpopg;
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Padasalai
15
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
gad;ghl;by; mnkupf;fh> rPdh> ,e;jpah Mfpa ehLfs; Kjy; %d;W ,lq;fspy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. ehd; :nefpopapdhy; tpisAk; jPikfs; Fwpj;Jr; nrhy;Yq;fs; Iah? gRikjhru; :
nefpop jahupf;Fk; njhopw;rhiyfspy; ,Ue;J kW Row;rp nra;Ak; NghJ cUthFk; er;R thAf;fs; kf;fisg; ghjpg;gilar; nra;fpd;wd.
ghypj;jPd; igfshy; Rw;Wr;#oYf;F mjpf ghjpg;gfs; Vw;gLfpd;wd.
fhy;tha;fspy; milj;Jf; nfhs;tjhy; ePu; topfs; milgl;L kiof;fhyq;fspy; nts;sg;ngUf;F Nghd;w mghaq;fs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. tpyq;Ffspd; czTf; Foha;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLk;. mjdhy;> mitfs; ,wf;f NeupLfpd;wd.
nefpopg; nghUl;fis vupg;gjhy; ilahf;rPd; vd;w er;Rg; Gif ntspNawp> Neha;fs; cz;lhfpd;wd. xt;thik> Njhy;Neha; Kjy; Gw;WNeha; tiu gy Neha;fSf;Ff; fhuzkhfpd;wd.
Fly;Gz;> nrupkhdkpd;ik> euk;Gj; jsu;r;rp> rpWePufr; nray; FiwghL Nghd;witAk; Vw;gLfpd;wd.
kf;fhj nefpopg; nghUs;fs; Ntshz; epyq;fspy; jq;fp mjd; tsj;ijf; Fiwj;J eQ;rhf;FfpwJ. gapu; tsu;r;rpAk; ghjpf;fpwJ.
nurpd; Jz;Lfs; kPd; Kl;ilfs; Nghy; ,Ug;gjhYk;> ghypj;jPd; igfs; n[y;yp kPd;fs; Nghy; ,Ug;gjhYk; mtw;iw ,iuahf epidj;J> flw;gwit> fly;rpq;fk;> lhy;gpd;> Mfpait mtw;iw cz;L kbfpd;wd. ehd; :nefpop kf;Ftjw;F vt;tsT ehl;fs; MFk;? gRikjhrd; : xU nefpop gad;gLk;Neuk; 20 epkplk; kl;LNk Mdhy; kl;Ftjw;F MFk; fhyk; mjpfk;
gpsh];bf; igfs; - 100 – 1000 Mz;L
gQ;Rf; fopTfs; - 1 – 5 khjq;fs;
fhfpjk; - 2 – 5 khjq;fs;
cy;yd; rhf;]; - 1 – 5 Mz;Lfs;
Njhy; fhyzp - 25 – 40 Mz;Lfs;
lagu; ehg;fpd; - 500 – 800 Mz;Lfs; ehd; :jPq;F tpistpf;Fk; nefpopf;F khw;whf vijg; gad;gLj;jp kz; tsj;ijAk; kf;fisAk; fhg;ghw;wyhk; Iah? gRikjhru; :,iy> rzy;> fhfpjg;ig> fz;zhb> milg;ghd; Jzpg;ig Nghd;witfis nefpop nghUs;;fSf;F khw;whfg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. 40 ikf;fuhd; jbkDf;F Nkw;gl;l gpsh];bf; igfisg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. Ftisfs;>
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Padasalai
16
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
ghf;Fkl;ilfs;> kf;ff; $ba fhfpjg;igfs;> ,ug;gu; Nghd;wtw;iwg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. ,jdhy; ehKk;> kz;tsKk; ghjpg;gpypUe;J jg;gpj;Jf; nfhs;syhk; jk;gp! ehd; :kpf;f ed;wp Iah> ,dp ehd; kw;Wk; vdJ ez;gu;fs; nefpop nghUs;fs; vijAk; gad;gLj;j khl;Nlhk; vd;W rgjk; nfhs;fpNwhk; Iah! tho;f kz; tsk;! tsu;f;f kf;fs; ,dk;!
„nefpop jtpu;j;J epyj;ij epkpu;j;J‟
Jzpg;ig vspjhdJ
J}u vwpe;jhy; vUthFk;...... nefpopg; ig mofhdJ.
J}u vwpe;jhy; tpl(~) khFk;..... vd;gjw;F Vw;g ehk; nefpopiag; gad;gLj;Jtijr;
rpwpJ rpwpjhf Fiwg;Nghk;. (fye;Jiuahly; tbtpy; nghUj;jkhd fUj;Jfs; vOjpapUg;gpd; KO kjpg;ngz; toq;fyhk;)
(my;yJ) kjuhrg; gl;bdj;jpy; cs;s ehd;F gFjpfisg; gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf. nts;isau; efuk; :
nrapd;l; [hu;[; Nfhl;ilf;F cs;Ns tPLfs; ,Ue;j gFjp nts;isau; efuk; vd;W miof;fg;gl;lJ.
fUg;gu; efuk; :
Nfhl;ilf;Fs; ,Ug;gtu;fspd; Njitfis epiwNtw;Wk; gzpahsu;fs;> tzpfu;fs; Nghd;NwhUf;fhf ntspNa mikj;j FbapUg;Gfs; cs;s gFjp fUg;gu; efuk; vd miof;fg;gl;lJ.
nts;isah; efuk;> fUg;gh; efuk; Mfpa ,t;tpU gFjpfSk; ,ize;j gFjpNa kjuhrg; gl;bdk; vdg;gl;lJ.
tzpfg; gFjpfs;:
fpof;fpe;jpa epWtdk; ngUk;ghYk; Jzp tzpfj;ijNa nra;j fhuzj;;jpdhy;> ,e;jpahtpd; gy gFjpfspy; ,Ue;Jk; nerthsh;fs; nrd;idia Nehf;fp te;jdh;.
mth;fshy; tz;zhug;Ngl;il(tz;zj;Jf;fhud; Ngl;il)> rpe;jhjphpg;Ngl;il(rpd;dj;jwpg; Ngl;il) Kjyhd Gjpa gFjpfs; Njhd;wpd.
kjuh];:
tlnrd;idg; gFjpfs; kjuhrg;gl;bdk; vd;Wk; njd;nrd;idg; gFjpfs; nrd;idg; gl;bdk; vd;Wk; toq;fg;gl;ld.
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17
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
Mq;fpNayh; ,uz;ilAk; ,izj;J kjuh]; vd;W mioj;jdh;. gpd;G mJNt nkl;uh]; Mfp> ,d;W ek; nrd;idahf Mfp ,Uf;fpwJ.
(nghUj;jkhd kjuhrg;gl;bdj;jpd; gFjpfisg; gw;wp vOjpapUg;gpd; KO kjpg;ngz;fs; toq;fyhk;.)
46 „nghWg;Gzh;r;rpapd;wp ,Ue;j Ciuj; jd; nghWg;Gzh;thy; khw;wpa kUjdpd; gz;G eyj;ij
„Kjy;fy;‟ rpWfij topNa tpthp
Kjy;fy;
- cj;jkNrhod; Kd;Diu : nry;tuh[;; vd;Dk; ,aw;ngaUila cj;jkNrhod; vOjpa Kjy;fy; vd;w fijapy; tUk; kUjd; Ch; kPJ mf;fiw cilatd;. ngUkio nghope;J nts;skhd Ciur; #o;;e;J ,Uf;Fk; ePiu tba itj;J gaph;fisf; fhg;ghw;Wk; Kidg;Gld; nray;gLk; kUjdpd; gz;G eyq;fis ,f;fl;Liu %yk; mwpNthk;. fijr;RUf;fk;:
“Kjy;tpj;J %TyFf;Fk; nrhj;J” tstdhw;wq;iuapy; kUjd; epd;W kioePhpy; %o;Fk; gaph;fisg; ghh;j;J kdk; tUe;jp gaph;fisf; fhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zj;NjhL kPd;gpbf;Fk; khhpKj;JtplKk;> tajhd fhspag;gdplKk;> gbj;j gl;ljhhpahd gpNuk;FkhhplKk; epiyikia vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhh;. ahUk; Kd; tuhjjhy; kdk; tUe;jp jd; kidtpaplk; $Wfpwhd; kUjd;. gpd;G jhNd Kd;tUe;J tstdhw;wpy; mlh;e;J ,Ue;j nea;Ntyp fhl;lhkzf;if mWj;J vwpfpwhd;. mjidf; fz;l my;yp kw;Wk; khhpKj;J mijj; njhlh;e;J Ch;kf;fSk; xd;wd;gpd; xd;whf te;J tbtha;f;fhiyr; Rj;jg;gLj;jpdh;. vd; kdk; fth;e;j fijkhe;jh;:
„Kjy;y ek;khNy KbQ;rij ehk nra;Nthk;‟ vDk; $w;W %yk; gpwiu
vjpu;ghu;f;fhj Fzk; nfhz;l Ciuf; fhf;fg; ghLgl;l kUjd; vd; kdk; fth;e;j fij khe;jh; Mthh;.
gapu;fspd; Nerd; :
gapu; tpisr;rYf;fhf ve;j kiof;fhff; fhj;jpUe;jhu;fNsh me;j kioNa gapu;fis %o;fbj;jhy; vg;gb kdk; nghWj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;. gapu;fs; nts;sj;jpy; %o;Ftijf; fz;lJk; kUjd; tUj;jk; milfpd;whd;. Cupy; cs;s gy egu;fsplk; cjtpAk; Nfl;fpd;whd;. vJTNk elf;ftpy;iy vd;wJk; Ntjid milfpd;whd;. jz;zPupy; jj;jspj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j new;gapu;fs;
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= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
mj;jidAk;> “vd;idf; fhg;ghj;J> vd;idf;
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Padasalai
19
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fij khe;jhpd; ew;gz;Gfs; :
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fij khe;jh; czh;j;Jk; ePjp :
fUkk; rpijahky; fz;Nzhl;lkhf ,Ug;gth;fSf;F ,e;j cyfNk nrhe;jk;.
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ek; ehLjhd; cyfpNyNa mjpf rhiyg; Nghf;Ftuj;J trjpfisf; nfhz;l ,uz;lhtJ ngupa ehL.
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3
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Padasalai
20
= tpj;aghujp nkl;hpf; Nky;epiyg;gs;sp> rf;fuhk;ghisak; - 99655 - 31727
rhiy tpgj;ijj; jLf;Fk; Kiwfs; :
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rhiyr; re;jpg;Gfspy; vr;rupf;ifahd mZFKiw Njit. Njitahd ,lq;fspy; rupahd irifiar; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
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FwpaPLfis %d;whfg; gpupj;J mwpayhk;.
mit cj;juTf; FwpaPLfs;> vr;rupf;iff; FwpaPLfs;> jfty; FwpaPLfs; MFk;.
18 taJ epiwe;jtu;fs; kl;LNk Kiwahd gapw;rpfs; %yk; Xl;Leu; cupkj;ijg; ngw;W kpFe;j ftdj;Jld; thfdj;ij ,af;f Ntz;Lk;.
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thfd Xl;Leu;fs; tyg;GwkhfNth> ,lg;GwkhfNth jpUg;Gk; Kd;G mjw;Fupa tpsf;fpid vupar; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
ifg;Ngrpapy; Ngrpf;nfhz;Lk;> fhjzpf; Nfl;gpfs; nghUj;jpf; nfhz;Lk; thfdk; xl;Ltijj; jtpu;f;f Ntz;Lk;.
rhiyapy; Cu;jpiaf; FWf;Fk; neLf;Fkhf ,af;FtJk;> Nghl;bg; ge;jak; vdr; nrhy;yp nghJ topapy; cr;r Ntfj;jpy; Xl;LtijAk; kJ mUe;jptplL thfdk; Xl;LtijAk; fl;lhak; jtpu;f;f Ntz;Lk;.
njhlu;tz;b ,Ug;Gg;ghijfis kpFe;j ftdj;Jld; flf;f Ntz;Lk;.
3
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Padasalai
21
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CELL : 99655-31727, 94432-31727
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rhiyg; ghJfhg;G capupd; ghJfhg;G> rhiyapy;
thfdk; Xl;LtJ ge;jak; my;y; gazk; kl;LNk.
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KbTiu : rhiy tpjpfisg; gpd;gw;wpg; gazq;fis Nkw;nfhs;Sk; nghOJ tpgj;jpy;yhj jkpo;ehL cUthFk;.
gFjp - V
mbgpwohky; nra;As; tbtpy; vOJf.
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4 2
1x4 = 4
1x2 = 2
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