NEWS FROM THE FIELD

Gerry McKiernan, Editor

PROGRAMS

Forum

“Converging, Emerging Standards for Digital Preservation”June 16, 2002

American Library Association Annual ConferenceAtlanta, Georgia

http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/

During the annual meeting of the American Library Association heldin mid-June 2002, the Research Libraries Group (RLG) sponsored anOpen Forum that brought together representatives from RLG memberinstitutions and Michigan State University to discuss current digitalpreservation initiatives.

The forum was introduced by Robin Dale, Program Officer withRLG, and included the following topics and presentations:

• The Joint Work of the OCLC-RLG Preservation Metadata WorkingGroup (Rebecca Guenther, Senior Networking and Standards Spe-cialist, Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Libraryof Congress) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/guenther.html>

Gerry McKiernan, MLS, is Science and Technology Librarian and Bibliographer, 152Parks Library, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 (E-mail: gerrymck@gwgate.lib.iastate.edu) (http://www.public.iastate.edu/~CYBERSTACKS/).

Journal of Internet Cataloging, Vol. 6(2) 2003http://www.haworthpress.com/store/product.asp?sku=J141

2003 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.10.1300/J141v06n02_07 91

• Technical Metadata for Digital Still Images (Janet Gertz, Director forPreservation, Columbia University) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/gertz.html>

• New Work in Audiovisual Metadata (Michael Seadle, Head, Digital& Multimedia Center, Michigan State University) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/seadle.html>

• Uses of the Metadata Encoding & Transmission Standard (METS)(Merrilee Proffitt, Program Officer, RLG) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/proffitt.html>

• Harvard University’s Submission Information Package for electronicjournals (Stephen Abrams, Digital Library Program Manager, Har-vard University Library) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/abrams.html>

• The Library of Congress’s Archival Information Package for Audio-visual Materials (Morgan Cundiff, Senior Network and MARC Stan-dards Specialist, Library of Congress) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/cundiff.html>.

Institutes

“ALCTS AACR2 2002 Revision and Metadata Regional Institutes”November 2002

Chicago, Illinois; Arlington, Virginiahttp://www.ala.org/alcts/now/metadata.html

Beginning in early November 2002, the Association for LibraryCollections & Technical Services (ALCTS) sponsored several regionalinstitutes devoted to revised and expanded chapters of the Anglo-Amer-ican Cataloguing Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 Revised Edition, MARC 21,and the applications of these rules and formats. The institute also ex-plored “new approaches to cataloging resources, especially thepracticalities of dealing with metadata for Web resources with a visionfor the future.”

The institute topics and in-depth presentations included:

• Developing the Metadata Repository (Grace Agnew, AssociateUniversity Librarian for Digital Library Systems, Rutgers Univer-sity Libraries)

• Metadata Schemas and Controlled Vocabularies for Art, Architec-ture, and Material Culture (Dr. Murtha Baca, Head, Standards Pro-gram, Getty Research Institute and Dr. Patricia Harpring, ManagingEditor, Getty Vocabulary Program Getty Research Institute)

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• More Than Books: Access to Locally-Held Materials in Alterna-tive Media (Dr. Sheila S. Intner, Professor Emeritus, GraduateSchool of Library & Information Science Simmons College)

• Chapter 3 Twenty Years Later: Changes in Cataloging CartographicMaterials (Mary Lynette Larsgaard, Assistant Head, Map and Imag-ery Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara Libraries)

• There Ought to Be a Law: AACR2 2002 Amendments, IntegratingResources and Updating Loose-Leafs (Rhonda K. Lawrence,Head of Cataloging, UCLA School of Law)

• Electronic Integrating Resources: AACR 2002 for Updating WebSites and Databases (Steven Jack Miller, Head, Monographs De-partment, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries)

• Amendments 2001: Changes to Chapter 9 (Nancy B. Olson, Pro-fessor, Minnesota State University, Mankato)

• The New Chapter 12 for AACR 2002 (Steve Shadle, Serials Cata-loging Librarian, University of Washington Libraries)

• AACR and Metadata: Library Opportunities in the Global Seman-tic Web–LC, IFLA, Dublin Core, Virtual International AuthorityFiles, and More (Dr. Barbara B. Tillett, Chief, Cataloging Policyand Support Office, Library of Congress).

The November 2002 institutes were held at the held at the Hyatt Re-gency O’Hare at O’Hare International Airport, Rosemont, Illinois (No-vember 1-2, 2002) and at the Doubletree Hotel Crystal City, Arlington,Virginia (November 4-5, 2002). In addition, the institutes were sched-uled to be held in Orlando, Florida (February 21-22, 2003), and in SanJose, California (April 4-5, 2003).

Sally C. Tseng, Head, Serials Cataloging, Science Library, Univer-sity of California, Irvine, is the Program Chair for ALCTS AACR22002 and Metadata Regional Institutes.

Training

“Rare Book School”University of VirginiaWinter/Spring 2002/03

Charlottesville, Virginiahttp://www.rarebookschool.org

The Rare Book School (RBS), based at the University of Virginia, re-cently announced its Winter and Spring 2003 sessions of five-day,non-credit courses on topics concerning rare books, manuscripts, the

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history of books and printing, and special collections (http://www.virginia.edu/oldbooks/rbs/schedule.html). Of particular note are thefollowing two offerings:

• Implementing Encoded Archival Description (January 6-10, 2003)

Description: Encoded Archival Description (EAD) provides stan-dardized machine-readable access to primary resource materials.This course was aimed at archivists, librarians, and museum per-sonnel who would like an introduction to EAD that includes an ex-tensive supervised hands-on component. Students learned SGMLencoding techniques in part using examples selected from amongtheir own institutions’ finding aids. Topics: the context out ofwhich EAD emerged; introduction to the use of SGML authoringtools and browsers; the conversion of existing finding aids toEAD. Instructor: Daniel Pitti. Pitti is currently the Project Directorof the Institute for Advanced Technology, University of Virginia.Prior to assuming his current position in1997, he served as the Li-brarian for Advanced Technologies at the University of Califor-nia, Berkeley, where he served as the Coordinator of the EncodedArchival Description Initiative.

• Electronic Texts & Images (March 3-7, 2003)

Description: A practical exploration of the research, preservation,editing, and pedagogical uses of electronic texts and images in thehumanities. The course centered around the creation of a set of ar-chival-quality etexts and digital images, and included creation ofan Encoded Archival Description guide. Topics included: SGMLtagging and conversion; using the Text Encoding Initiative Guide-lines; the form and implications of XML; publishing on the WorldWide Web; and the management and use of online texts. Some ex-perience with HTML was a prerequisite for admission to thecourse. Instructor: David Seaman. Seaman is the founding direc-tor of the internationally renowned Electronic Text Center and on-line archive at the University of Virginia. He lectures and writesfrequently on SGML, the Internet, and the creation and use of elec-tronic texts in the humanities.

An application form, electronic copies of the complete RBS brochure,Rare Book School detailed course descriptions, and other informationabout the Rare Book School, are available from the RBS Web site.

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Workshop

“Open Archives Forum Workshop: Open Accessto Hidden Resources”December 6-7, 2002Biblioteca Nacional

Lisbon, Portugalhttp://www.oaforum.org/workshops/

This second Open Archives Forum Workshop aimed to evaluatewhether and how the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for MetadataHarvesting (OAI-PMH) (www.openarchives.org) can facilitate accessand management of traditional archive and library collections. Theworkshop included a review of the requirements, standards, best prac-tices, and solutions of the traditional archival and library communitiesto interoperability, compared with the features provided by theOAI-PMH. The OAI-PMH was originally developed to provideinteroperability among e-print repositories.

The workshop included presentations by noted authorities and small-group breakout sessions where participants discussed relevant key issues,such as:

• How far is OAI-PMH applicable to the electronic records of tradi-tional archives, whether historical or ‘born digital’ assets;

• To what extent have OAI-PMH and Dublin Core been imple-mented and adopted within the library community;

• Can OAI-PMH enable innovative ways of cross-domain collabo-ration between the archival and library communities; and

• To what extent can OAI-PMH cross over with other interoperabilitystandards and concepts, such as Z39.50?

A tutorial on the implementation of OAI-PMH was held prior to theformal workshop for those not familiar with the protocol. In addition, arepresentative associated with the Open Archives Initiative (OAI)provided an update on OAI activities.

Workshop discussions and recommendations were summarized andpublished on the Open Archives Forum Web site (www.oaforum.org).The Open Archives Forum supports projects and national initiatives withan interest in using an open archive approach to interoperability and pro-vides a focus for European initiatives implementing the recently releasedOpen Archives Initiative (OAI) Metadata Harvesting Protocol (OAI-PMH) (www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html).

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North American Serials Interest Group Annual Meeting:Transforming Serials: The Revolution Continues

June 20-23, 2002College of William and Mary

Williamsburg, Virginiahttp://www.nasig.org/wm/

In mid-June 2002, the North American Serials Interest Group(NASIG) held its seventeenth annual meeting at the College of Williamand Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. As in previous years, the meetingincluded plenary, concurrent, poster sessions, and workshops. Amongthe variety of presentations, the conference included:

• Plenary Sessions• The Future of Information Access and Distribution (Howard

Strauss, Manager of Advanced Applications, Princeton Uni-versity)

• The Future of Digitized Materials: Where We’ve Been andWhere We Are Going (David Seaman, Director, ElectronicText Center)

• Concurrent Sessions• Challenging Current Publishing Models (David Goodman, Bi-

ology Librarian and Digital Resources Researcher, PrincetonUniversity, and Jan Velterop, BioMed Central)

• Open URL, and SFX Open Linking (Nettie Lagace, InternetLibrarian, Ex Libris (USA), Inc.)

• Seize the E! The Eclectic Journal and Its Ramifications (GerryMcKiernan, Science and Technology Librarian and Bibliogra-pher, Iowa State University)

• Cataloging: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (ReginaReynolds, Head, National Serials Data Program, Library ofCongress)

• The Information Resource Matrix: A Revolutionary Methodto Present Relationships Among Online Serial Objects (CarolCasey, Head, Cataloging Dept., Washington State University,and Mark Jacobs, Electronic Resources/Serials Cataloging Li-brarian, Washington State University)

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• Workshops• Revolutionary Relationships: Catalogers’ Liaison Role as

Metadata Experts in the Creation of the K-State Digital Li-brary (Char Simser, Interim Chair, Technical Services, KansasState University)

• Transforming AACR2: Using the Revised Rules in Chapters 9and 12 (Jean Hirons, CONSER Coordinator, Serial Record Di-vision, Library of Congress, and Leslie Hawkins, CONSERSpecialist, Serial Record Division, Library of Congress)

• A is for Acronyms: Library and Internet Standards for Serial-ists (Shelley Neville, Library Systems Analyst, epixtech, inc.,and Howard Rosenbaum, Assistant Professor of Library andInformation Science, Indiana University

• Poster Sessions• Implementing a Reference Linking Solution (Kevin Petsche,

Electronic Journals Collection Manager, Digital Libraries/Cataloging Teams, Indiana University Purdue University, Indi-anapolis)

• Journal Finder: Simplifying Access to E-Journals, Print andDocument Delivery Options (Beth Bernhardt, Electronic Jour-nals/Document Delivery Librarian, University of NorthCarolina at Greensboro)

• Plug-Ins and E-Journals: How Browser Extensions TransformElectronic Journal Content and Access (Diana Kichuk, Elec-tronic Resources Librarian, University of Saskatchewan)

• S-Link S-Holdings: An XML Format for Distribution of Seri-als Holdings Information (Eric Hellman, President, Openly In-formatics, Inc).

PROJECTS

Diffuse Projecthttp://www.diffuse.org/

The objective of the Diffuse Project is to serve as a single,value-added current source of reference and guidance information onavailable and emerging standards and specifications that facilitate theelectronic exchange of information. The Diffuse Project was estab-lished as a central information source for developments relating to stan-

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dards and specifications in support of key action initiatives of theInformation Society Technologies (IST) programme of the EuropeanCommission (www.cordis.lu/ist/).

The Diffuse services are organized into the following categories ofpublications and activities:

• Business Guides• Standards and Specifications Reference Data

• Standards and Specifications List• Standards Fora List• RTD Project List

• Standards and Specifications News• Electronic Commerce• Information Management• RTD Projects• Conferences

• User Support• Alphabetical Index to Standards and Specifications• Search Engine• Help Desk

• Dissemination Events.

The Business Guides (www.diffuse.org/guides.html) provide anoverview of the underlying concepts and current development status forindividual key technology areas from a business perspective, while theStandards and Specifications List (www.diffuse.org/standards.html)through its Table of Contents offers access to categories of standardsand specifications (e.g., ‘Sectorial Data Interchange,’ ‘InformationManagement,’ ‘Data Representation’). An alphabetical index is alsoavailable (www.diffuse.org/alpha.html) as is a Search Engine (www.diffuse.org/search.html).

For select complex subjects, access is also provided using TopicMaps (www.diffuse.org/TopicMaps/TopicMap.xml). Topic Maps are“SGML or XML documents that describe what an information set isabout, by formally declaring topics, and by linking the relevant parts ofthe information set to the appropriate topics” (www.infoloom.com/tmfaq.htm#faq01). Diffuse Topic Maps have been prepared for the followingstandards:

• CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture• DC: Dublin Core• EDIFACT: Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Com-

merce and Transport

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• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol• ISO 10646: Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)• Java• RDF: Resource Description Framework• SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language• STEP: Product Data and Representation (ISO 10303)• XML: Extensible Markup Language

A Standards Fora List (www.diffuse.org/fora.html), a directory oforganizations responsible for producing standards and specifications,including formal standardization bodies, industry consortia, and otherbodies involved in the standardization process, is also provided, as is anRTD Projects list (www.diffuse.org/projects.html), a listing of projectssupported by the Fifth Framework Programme for Research and Tech-nological Development and Demonstration (RTD) projects of the Euro-pean Union (http://www.cordis.lu/fp5/src/over.htm).

DLIST is the Digital Library of Information Science and Technologyhttp://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/

DLIST is an electronic archive for published, refereed, and unpub-lished materials in the areas of Information Science and InformationTechnology. The objectives of DLIST are:

• to serve as a repository of electronic resources in the domains ofLibrary and Information Science (LIS) and Information Technol-ogy (IT);

• to serve as a repository of both formal papers in the areas of Infor-mation Literacy and other areas, as well a centralized source foruser aids, such as guides, bibliographies, pathfinders, tutorials,and other instructional materials in LIS & IT; and

• to serve as a repository of formal research papers on ‘Informetrics’and bibliometric datasets.

DLIST is a service of the School of Information Resources and Li-brary Science, University of Arizona, and the Arizona Health SciencesLibrary. The DLIST repository is operated using the EPrints2 softwareavailable from eprints.org (www.eprints.org/). Information Science andInformation Technology researchers are invited to deposit electronic

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versions of their pre- or post-papers or publications in DLIST. For addi-tional information, interested parties may contact the DLIST ProjectManager, Paul Bracke, Systems Librarian with the University of Ari-zona Library (paul@ahsl.arizona.edu).

Focus on Access to Institutional Resources Programme (FAIR)Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC)

United Kingdomhttp://www.jisc.ac.uk/dner/development/programmes/fair.html

In late summer 2002, the Joint Information Systems Committee(JISC) (www.jisc.ac.uk) awarded funding to 14 projects under its Focuson Access to Institutional Resources Programme (FAIR). JISC is thestrategic advisory committee that works on behalf of funding bodies forfurther and higher education in England, Scotland, Wales and NorthernIreland, and promotes the innovative application and use of informationsystems and information technology. Projects included partnershipsamong more than 50 institutions and teams, involving universities, li-braries, JISC services, art galleries, colleges, museums and commercialcompanies.

Focus on Access to Institutional Resources Programme (FAIR) wasinspired by the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) (www.openarchives.org),which seeks to facilitate the sharing of digital resources based on mecha-nisms that allow metadata about those resources to be harvested. To focusthe impact of related fields, JISC has grouped the projects into five clus-ters: Museums and Images, E-Prints, E-Theses, Intellectual PropertyRights and Institutional Portals. In 2002, the following programs werefunded in these respective clusters:

• FAIR Museums and Images Cluster

Petrie Museum, University College London–Accessing theVirtual Museum

Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge–Harvestingthe Fitzwilliam

Archaeology Data Service, University of YorkAHDS Executive, King’s College London–Partial DepositTheatre Museum, V&ACourtald Institute of Art, University of London

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Visual Arts Data Service, University of SurreyPerforming Arts Data Service, University of GlasgowILRT, University of Bristol–BioBankUniversity of Cambridge

• FAIR E-Prints Cluster

University of Nottingham/CURL–SHERPAUniversity of EdinburghUniversity of GlasgowUniversities of Leeds, Sheffield and York (‘White Rose’

partnership)University of OxfordBritish LibraryRDN, King’s College London–e-prints UKUniversity of SouthamptonUKOLN, University of BathUMISTUniversity of BathUniversity of StrathclydeUniversity of LeedsILRT, University of BristolHeriot Watt UniversityUniversity of BirminghamManchester Metropolitan UniversityOCLCUniversity of Strathclyde–Harvesting Institutional Resources

in Scotland TestbedUniversity of St. AndrewsNapier UniversityGlasgow Colleges GroupUniversity of Southampton–Targeting Academic Research

for Deposit and dISclosure

• FAIR E-Theses Cluster

Robert Gordon University–Electronic ThesesUniversity of AberdeenCranfield UniversityUniversity of LondonBritish LibraryUniversity of Edinburgh–Theses Alive!University of Glasgow–DAEDALUS

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• FAIR Intellectual Property Rights Center

Loughborough University–Machine-readable rights metadataBirkbeck College, University of LondonUniversity of GreenwichUniversity of SouthamptonAHDS Executive, King’s College London–Partial Deposit

• FAIR Institutional Portals Cluster

University of Hull–Presenting National Resources To AudiencesLocally

RDN, King’s College LondonUKOLN, University of BathNorton Radstock College, Bristol–FAIR EnoughCity of Bath CollegeCity of Bristol CollegeFilton College, BristolWeston College, Weston-super-MareWestern College Consortium, Bristol

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETDs)OCLC Office of Research

Dublin, Ohiohttp://www.oclc.org/research/projects/etd/index.shtm

The Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETDs) project focuses on thesismetadata via the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Har-vesting (OAI-PMH) (http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html).

The goals of ETDs project are to:

• investigate OAI-PMH by participating in beta-tests• promote the use of theses and dissertations• investigate services that can be built with OAI-PMH• understand OAI-PMH from serving and harvesting perspectives.

To date, the project team, Thom Hickey and Jeff Young, have writtena harvester and server in Java and created a database of 4.3 million the-

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sis and dissertation records derived from the WorldCat database. Futureplans call for the development of a searchable, public version of the da-tabase via Search and Retrieve on the Web (SRW) (www.oclc.org/research/projects/webservices/index.shtm); making sets harvestable viaOAI-PMH; implementing an OAI-PMH v2.0 server; merging OCLCETDs with other theses and dissertation databases; and harvesting rec-ords from other OAI-compliant servers.

Humbul Humanities Hub: RSS Channelshttp://www.humbul.ac.uk/help/rss.html

Humbul is a Web-based service dedicated to “discovering, evaluat-ing and cataloguing online resources in the humanities.” In addition tocoverage of various national studies (e.g., American Studies, EnglishStudies, German Studies), Humbul provides access to an evaluated col-lection of Web-based resources in traditional humanities fields (e.g.,Archaeology, History, Philosophy).

Recently, the Humbul Humanities Hub announced the launch ofHumbul RSS (‘Rich Site Summary’) channels, a technology that en-ables users to automatically incorporate newly added Humbul resourcedescriptions within designated Web pages. The Humbul channels em-ploy RSS-xpress Lite (rssxpress.ukoln.ac.uk/lite/), an RSS channel pre-sentation and searching tool developed at UKOLN, the UK Office forLibrary and Information Networking based at the University of Bath.Currently, users can receive a maximum of fifteen record descriptionsdaily on the subject of their choice, or the most recently added resourcesin any subject. In addition to numerous area studies, the following chan-nels are currently available (www.humbul.ac.uk/help/rss.html):

• Archaeology• Classics• Comparative Literature• History• History and Philosophy of Science• Humanities Computing• Humanities–General• Linguistics• Manuscript Studies• Modern Languages

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• Museums, Libraries, Archives• Philosophy

The Humbul Humanities Hub is a service of the Resource DiscoveryNetwork and is funded by the Joint Information Systems Committee(JISC) and the Arts and Humanities Research Board, and is hosted bythe University of Oxford. Humbul is part of the Resource DiscoveryNetwork (www.rdn.ac.uk).

PUBLICATIONS

Bibliography

“Medlane Bibliography”Medlane XMLMARC

Lane Medical Library, Stanford Universityhttp://laneweb.stanford.edu:2380/wiki/medlane/bibliography

Medlane is an experimental project of the Lane Medical Library atStanford University that seeks to investigate new methods for makinglibrary information available to the public. One of its major foci is the‘recasting’ of library information into a more universally accepted for-mat, notably XML, the eXtensible Markup Language. XML has beenreferred to as the lingua franca of the World Wide Web and was selectedfor the project because of its open nature and platform independence.

An outstanding bibliography of key print and electronic publicationshas been compiled to support Medlane initiatives and to serve as a re-source for others seeking relevant literature. Currently, resources areorganized in the following categories: ‘General XML,’ ‘XML Stan-dards,’ ‘XML and Cataloging,’ ‘XML Storage and Retrieval,’ ‘XMLSoftware,’ and ‘Digital Librarianship.’ Representative sources withinselected sections of this webliography include:

• General XML• Bray, Tim. The Annotated XML Specification. Online:

http://www.xml.com/axml/testaxml.htm.• Cover, Robin. The XML Cover Pages. Online: http://www.oasis-

open.org/cover/sgml-xml.html.• Desmarais, Norman. The ABCs of XML: The Librarian’s

Guide to the eXtenstible Markup Language, 2000.

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• Rhyno, Art. Is XML in Your Future? The Serials Librarian2002; 42(1/2):143-53.

• Tennant, Roy. XML: The Digital Library Hammer. LibraryJournal Online: http://libraryjournal.reviewsnews.com/index.asp?layout=articleArchive&articleId=CA156526.

• XML Standards

• DuCharme, Robert. Replace DTDs? Why? XML Journal2000; 1(1): 40-41.

• Mikula, Norbert. Schemas Take DTDs to the Next Level. XMLMagazine 1999/2000 winter; 1(1). Online: http://www.fawcette.com/archives/listissue.asp?pubID=2&MagIssueId=259#.

• Moller, Anders and Schwartzbach, Michael. The XML Revolu-tion: Technologies for the Future Web. http://www.brics.dk/~amoeller/XML/.

• Simeonov, Simeon. The Evolution of XML Protocols:Charting Recent Advances in the XML Standards Space. XMLJournal 2000; 1(3): 24-7.

• Web Developer’s Virtual Library. Introduction to XHTML,with eXamples. http://wdvl.com/Authoring/Languages/XML/XHTML/.

• XML and Cataloging

• Ayres, F. H. Time for Change: A New Approach to Cata-loguing Concepts. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly1999; 28(2): 3-16.

• Carvalho, Joaquim de. XML and Bibliographic Data: The TVS(Transport, Validation and Services) Model. 2002. http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/075-095e.pdf.

• Crossnet Systems. Using XSLT for XML MARC Record Con-version. http://www.crxnet.com/one2/xslt_marc_report.pdf.

• Herwijnen, Eric van. The Impact of XML on Library Proce-dures and Services. High Energy Physics Libraries Webzine2000 March. http://lhcb.cern.ch/%7Eevh/xmlandlibrary.htm.

• Johnson, Bruce Chr. XML and MARC: Which is “Right”?Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 2001; 32:(1): 81-90.http://elane.stanford.edu/docs/johnson.pdf.

• Miller, Dick. XML: Libraries’ Strategic Opportunity LibraryJournal. NetConnect supplement. 2000 summer; 125(suppl):16-9. Online: http://elane.stanford.edu/laneauth/LJ/.

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• XML Storage and Retrieval

• Goldman, Roy. Lore: A Database Management System forXML. Dr. Dobb’s Journal 2000 April. http://www.ddj.com/articles/2000/0004/0004i/0004i.htm?amp;topic=xml.

• Li, Ying, Miller, Dick, and Buttner, Mary. Bibliographic DataMining: Automatically Building Component Part Records forE-Journal Articles on the Internet. Journal of Internet Cata-loging: The International Quarterly of Digital Organization,Classification & Access 2002; 5(1): 29-41.

• Mable, Greg. The Next Generation Database, XDB: CombiningXML’s Document Flexibility with SQL’s Data Integrity. XMLJournal 2002; 3(6). Online at: http://www.sys-con.com/xml/article.cfm?id=421.

• Rappoport, Avi. XML and Search. http://www.searchtools.com/related/xml.html.

• Sagar, Agit. XML, RDBMS, and OODBMS: Peaceful Coexis-tence? XML Journal 2000; 1(2):52-53.

• XML Software

• Berners-Lee, Tim. The Semantic Web. Scientific American 2001May; 284(5):34-43. Online at: http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=00048144-10D2-1C7084A9809EC588EF21&cat ID=2.

• Bretthauer, David. Open Source Software in Libraries. Li-brary High Tech News 2001 June 18(6): 8-9.

• Clarke, Kevin S. Managing MARC with Open Source Soft-ware. LITA Guide 2002; 9(3): 30-44.

• Coyle, Karen. Open Source, Open Standards. InformationTechnology and Libraries 2002 March; 21(1): 33-6.

• Morgan, Eric Lease. Open Source Software in Libraries. LITAGuide 2002; 9(1): 7-18.

Journal Issues

New Review of Information NetworkingVolume 7, 2001

http://www.taylorgraham.com/journals/nrinvol7.html

The intent of The New Review of Information Networking is to serveas an “expert source on the needs and behaviour of the network user; therole of networks in teaching, learning, research and scholarly communi-

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cation; the implications of networks for library and information ser-vices; the development of campus and other information strategies; therole of information publishers on the networks; policies for funding andcharging for network and information services; and standards and pro-tocols for network applications.” In addition to an editorial by guest edi-tor Ray Lester, Head of Library & Information Services, NaturalHistory Museum (London), a recent volume of The New Review of In-formation Networking included several articles relating to the theory,application, and implications of interoperability, notably:

• Interoperability and information discovery (Eliot Christian)• Creating an academic self-documentation system through digital

library interoperability: the RePEc model (Emily Walshe)• Open linking in the scholarly information environment using the

OpenURL framework (Herbert Van de Sompel and Oren Beit-Arie)• The CHIN experience: interoperability (K. Geber and Suhas

Deshpande)• The interoperability jigsaw: finding the edge-pieces for The Natu-

ral History Museum (Neil Thomson and Rachel Perkins)• Rethinking EAD: balancing flexibility and interoperability (Eliza-

beth J. Shaw)• Better interoperability through the Open Archives Initiative (Mi-

chael L. Nelson)• Interoperability in subject terminologies: The HILT Project (Den-

nis Nicholson and Susannah Neill)• Syntactic and semantic interoperability: new approaches to

knowledge and the semantic web (Kim H. Veltman).

OCLC Systems & ServicesVolume 18(2), 2002

In addition to its coverage of OCLC system applications, services,and research, OCLC Systems & Services, a quarterly journal publishedby MCB University Press, “is intended for information professionals,educators, students, and researchers around the world to share and ex-change their ideas, applications, and research results concerning infor-mation education, management, technology, and dissemination.” Thejournal also provides coverage of developments relating to metadatastandards such as Dublin Core (DC), the Text Encoding Initiative

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(TEI), Encoded Archival Description (EAD), and the eXtensibleMarkup Language (XML), the theme of one of its recent issues.

In addition to an editorial by the journal editor, Sheau-Hwang Chang(“XML–the foundation for the next generation library management sys-tem,” OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 64-66), a recent is-sue contains contributions on a variety of XML library-related issues,notably:

• Cole, Timothy. (2002) “Qualified Dublin Core Metadata for On-line Journal Articles,” OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2,pp. 79-87.

This paper describes an implementation utilizing preliminaryDublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) guidelines for express-ing Qualified Dublin Core (DCQ) metadata in RDF/XML. Pri-mary source objects used in this research were online versions ofarticles published in more than 50 academic journals in physicsand engineering. Articles were encoded in well-formed XML.While able to follow DCMI guidelines generally, it was necessaryto augment DCQ semantics with local extensions in order to retaindesired richness of semantics and structure. Also described is re-lated work, including development of XML schema documentsnecessary to validate metadata and creation of a transforming XSLstylesheet to “dumb-down” metadata to simple Dublin Core. As acase study, this research illustrates issues encountered when ex-pressing real-world DCQ metadata in RDF/XML. Significant ini-tial investment of effort was required to develop RDF facilitiesand expertise. Pending more applications that exploit RDF, this in-vestment may not be warranted in all domains.

• Lam, Ki-Tat. (2002) “XML and Global Name Access Control,”OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 88-95.

This paper discusses why the MARC21-based authority formathas failed in a global setting and details the use of XML and its re-lated technologies to achieve global name access control.

• Rhyno, Art. “XML and Relational Databases: Uses and Opportunitiesfor Libraries,” OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 97-103.

Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) have aproven track record for storing and managing many differentforms of digital content, and new strategies have been defined to

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provide RDBMS-based solutions for XML. Some relational data-bases now offer special mechanisms to accommodate XML whileseveral technologies have emerged to facilitate the use of XMLrepresentations of data housed within an RDBMS. In addition topresenting challenges and opportunities to RDBMS developers,XML and XML-enabled technologies may find new applicationfor libraries by combining RDBMS concepts with Web-basedservices.

Website

Digital Preservation Coalitionhttp://www.dpconline.org/

The Digital Preservation Coalition was established in 2001 “to fosterjoint action to address the urgent challenges of securing the preserva-tion of digital resources in the UK and to work with others internation-ally to secure our global digital memory and knowledge base.”

The principles of the Coalition include the following tenets:

• Openness (The Coalition and its members commit to promotingand disseminating information and sharing outcomes);

• Collaboration (As digital preservation has become increasingly sig-nificant in scope, complexity, and investment, collaboration is essen-tial. The Coalition offers a forum for members to identify relevantissues and to pursue collaboration across organizations and sectors);

• Collective benefit (Core Coalition activities supported by member-ship resources must be of common interest and benefit to them);

• Vendor neutrality (The goals of the Coalition are generic and will bevendor neutral. The Coalition will support the development of stan-dards and generic approaches to digital preservation that can be im-plemented by a range of hardware, software, and service vendors).

An annual work plan has been developed by the Coalition in consul-tation with its membership and includes the following priorities:

• establishment of the Coalition and development of the Coalition’sprogram and plans to address its long-term goals;

• constructing and disseminating information on current researchand practice and building expertise amongst its members to accel-

News from the Field 109

erate their learning and widen the pool of professionals skilled indigital preservation;

• instituting a concerted and coordinated effort to place digital pres-ervation issue on the agenda of key stakeholders;

• acting in concert to make arguments for appropriate and adequatefunding to secure the nation’s investment in digital resources andensure an enduring global digital memory;

• providing a focus for the co-ordination and development of digitalpreservation strategies in the UK and placing them within an inter-national context;

• promoting the development of appropriate services, technology,standards, and training for digital preservation;

• forging strategic alliances with relevant agencies nationally andinternationally, and working collaboratively together and with in-dustry and research organizations, to address shared challenges indigital preservation; and

• attracting funding to the Coalition to support achievement of itsgoals and programs.

Among its notable resources, the Website provides access to the full-textof Preservation Management of Digital Materials: A Handbook by NeilBeagrie and Maggie Jones (www.dpconline.org/graphics/handbook/),as well as a directory of Coalition events (www.dpconline.org/graphics/events/), and a news summary of “selected recent activity in the field ofdigital preservation compiled from the digital-preservation and padiforum-l mailing lists and the Preserving Access to Digital Information (PADI)Gateway” (www.dpconline.org/graphics/whatsnew/).

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