Jews in Nazi Germany
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Transcript of Jews in Nazi Germany
Jews in Nazi GermanyPre-WWII
Theories of the HolocaustINTENIONALIST
The final extermination of the Jews was the plan from the beginning, as outlined and formed in Mein Kampf
FUNCTIONALIST
Final extermination was an evolved strategy, rather than a blue-print
Who is a Jew?
ACCORDING TO NUREMBERG LAWS 1935
Jew had 3 or 4 Jewish
grandparentsMischling
was a half-Jew who had two Jewish grandparents, practiced Judaism, and/or was a child of a ¾ Jew
Mischling 1st degreehad two Jewish grandparents, but did not practice Judaism and was not married to a Jew
Mischling 2nd degreehad one Jewish grandparent
Nuremberg Laws 1935
Stripped Jews of citizenship
Prohibited marriage and sexual relations with non-Jews Jews would be put to
death No Aryan woman
under 45 could be employed in a Jewish house
Nuremberg Laws 1935
Not allowed to go to parks, zoos, etc.
Not allowed to sit on benches, ride public transport
Banned from public school
No radios, furs Smaller rations
(when given) to Jewish families
Zionism
A movement in reaction to growing anti-Semitism
Believed only a Jewish homeland would solve the “Jewish question”
Some Jews thought Zionism was counter-productive WHY?
Basic Premise1. Anti-Semitism will not go away2. Jews are like any other nation, but without a homeland3. Palestine should be their homeland
To Leave? Or Not to Leave?
Since 1933, Jews leaving Germany
Rich and famous—no problem, any country was open
Middle class to poor, very difficult
If you couldn’t support yourself w/o a job, didn’t want you US Consulate told to
issue visas sparingly
Judenraus (Jews Get Out)
25% tax on assets to leave
Foreign Jews expelled 1938 increased
persecution Males and females had
to add Israel and Sara to their names
Had to carry identification cards (Kennkarte) at all times
Judenraus
By 1938, only 1/3 of German Jews had left Nowhere to go
Forced sale of Jewish businesses and property to Aryans Money not given to sellers,
but distributed by a bank In case of emigration, all
money was confiscated Jewish households had to
itemize their possessions
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) Oct. 1938, Polish
Jews living in Germany were rounded up, left in no-man’s land between Poland and Germany 7,000 people
Herschel Grynzpan, living in France, heard about his families plight , shot a German diplomat