Jewish Population in the United States, 2000Jewish Population in the United States, 2000 ... years...

Jewish Population in the United States, 2000

J 3 A S E D ON LOCAL COMMUNITY counts—the method for identifyingand enumerating Jewish population that serves as the basis of this report—theestimated size of the American Jewish community in 2000 was approximately 6.1million, over half a million more than the 5.5 million "core" Jewish populationestimated in the Council of Jewish Federations' 1990 National Jewish PopulationSurvey (NJPS).1 The NJPS 2000, conducted in the second half of 2000 and thefirst half of 2001, will provide a new national estimate (see below).

The difference between the national and aggregated local figures may be ex-plained by the passage of time, varying definitions of "Jewishness," disparate sam-ple sources (outdated lists, distinctive Jewish names, random digit dialing, etc.),and the lack of uniform methodology for local demographic research.

Analysis of the 1990 NJPS and other sources suggested that the populationgrew slightly during the late 1980s as the number of Jewish births exceeded thenumber of Jewish deaths. Extrapolation from the age structure, however, suggeststhat births and deaths were in balance by the late 1990s, creating a situation ofzero population growth. It was only Jewish immigration into the U. S., particu-larly from the former Soviet Union, that provided growth in numbers.

The 1990 NJPS used a scientifically selected sample to project a total numberfor the United States as a whole, but could not provide accurate information onthe state and local levels. Therefore, as in past years, this article contains localpopulation estimates provided by knowledgeable local informants, and theseserve as the basis for calculations of state and regional population counts.

Leaders at the approximately 200 Jewish federations that are part of the newphilanthropic entity, United Jewish Communities (comprised of the Council ofJewish Federations, United Jewish Appeal, and United Israel Appeal), providedestimates of their communities, which are the largest Jewish population centers.However, their service areas vary in size and thus may represent quite differentgeographic divisions: several towns, one county, or an aggregate of several coun-ties. In some cases we have subdivided federation areas to reflect more naturalgeographic boundaries or preferred U.S. Census definitions of metropolitanareas.

Local rabbis and other informed Jewish communal leaders provided estimatesfrom small communities without federations. A form requesting the current pop-ulation estimate was mailed to leaders of 67 such communities that had not pro-

'See Barry A. Kosmin et al., Highlights of the CJF1990 National Jewish Population Sur-vey (New York, Council of Jewish Federations, 1991).

253

2 5 4 / A M E R I C A N J E W I S H Y E A R B O O K , 2 0 0 1

vided an update in more than five years, and 32 replied. Eleven other requestswere returned with indications that the synagogue whose leader had previouslyprovided an estimate had either closed in recent years, had moved without leav-ing a forwarding address, or could otherwise not be found. For communities thatdid not provide a current estimate, figures have either been retained from pastyears or extrapolations were made from the older data. The estimates requestedfrom informants were for the resident Jewish population, including those in pri-vate households and in institutional settings. Informants were asked to excludenon-Jewish family members from the total.

The state and regional totals shown in Appendix tables 1 and 2 are derived bysumming the local estimates shown in table 3, including communities of less than100, and then rounding to the nearest hundred or thousand, depending on thesize of the estimate.

Because population estimation is not an exact science, the reader should beaware that in cases where a figure differs from last year's, the increase or decreasedid not occur suddenly, but occurred over a period of time and has just now beensubstantiated. The primary sources for altering previously reported Jewish pop-ulation figures in larger communities are recently completed local demographicstudies. The results of such studies should be understood as either an updatedcalculation of gradual demographic change or the correction of faulty older es-timates.

In determining Jewish population, communities count both affiliated and non-affiliated residents who are "core" Jews, as defined in NJPS 1990. This definitionincludes born Jews who report adherence to Judaism, Jews by choice, and bornJews without a current religion ("secular Jews"). A common method for esti-mating the population is to multiply the estimated number of households con-taining at least one self-defined Jew by the average number of self-defined Jew-ish persons per household. As stated above, non-Jews living in Jewishhouseholds—primarily the non-Jewish spouses and non-Jewish children — arenot included in the 2000 estimates below.

Only persons residing in a community for the majority of the year are includedin local counts. In many Sunbelt and resort communities, the population in-creases during the winter months, but these part-year residents are not includedin these estimates. However, demographer Ira Sheskin notes that if we were toinclude residents who are present for at least three months per year, four South-east Florida communities would increase as follows: Boca Raton-Delray Beach30,000 (32 percent), Broward County 21,000 (10 percent), Miami-Dade County11,000 (8 percent), and Palm Beach County (excluding Boca Raton-Delray Beach)21,000 (20 percent). Many other Sunbelt communities, resort areas throughoutthe country, college towns, and communities with seasonally affected industriesalso become home to more Jews for part of the year, but there are no accuratedata for such communities.

J E W I S H P O P U L A T I O N I N T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S / 2 5 5

Local Population Changes

The community reporting the largest growth in 2000 was Las Vegas, Nevada,up 19,400 to 75,000. Though no survey has been conducted since 1995, the 35-percent increase reported by the Las Vegas Jewish Federation reflected substan-tial growth in the general population in recent years that is believed to includemany Jews. Eight other communities experienced population increases of at least3,000.

The suburbs east of Los Angeles showed considerable growth. The newly cre-ated Jewish Federation of Greater San Gabriel and Pomona Valleys reported aJewish population of about 30,000. Previously, Pomona Valley itself was listedat 6,750 and towns in the San Gabriel Valley portion were either included in theLos Angeles totals or simply not counted.

As with Las Vegas, Seattle's growth of 7,900 (27 percent) reflected large in-creases in the general population assumed to include many Jews. Hartford's re-cent study showed a figure 7,000 higher than previously indicated, which was dueto the inclusion of all of Hartford County and the correction of a faulty olderestimate. Rockland County, New York, reported an 8-percent gain of 6,900. Fi-nally, Atlanta posted an increase of 5,900 (7 percent) based on an extrapolationof its 1997 study and perceived continued growth. The other communities withstrong growth were Denver, Colorado, which increased by 3,700; Austin, Texas,which gained 3,500; and Palm Springs, California, which grew by 3,000.

Four communities reported increases between 1,000 and 3,000: Ann Arbor,Michigan; Monmouth County, New Jersey; Syracuse, New York; and San An-tonio, Texas.

Modest increases—less than 1,000—were reported in 21 areas: Chico, Cali-fornia; Westport, Connecticut; Fort Myers and Naples, Florida; Savannah, Geor-gia; Aurora, Illinois; Lexington, Kentucky; Portland-Southern Maine; Attleboroand Plymouth, Massachusetts; Grand Rapids and Kalamazoo, Michigan; Hobo-ken, New Jersey; Santa Fe, New Mexico; Charlotte, North Carolina; Corvallisand Eugene, Oregon; Altoona and Lancaster, Pennsylvania; Charleston, SouthCarolina; and Knoxville, Tennessee.

The largest decline reported for any community was 10,000 in Miami-DadeCounty, Florida, an 8-percent drop. This was determined in a recent survey thatshowed a significant decrease in Miami Beach. Buffalo's decrease of 6,000—a23-percent decline—was also documented by recent research. The declines inother communities, all under 2,000, were nearly all in the Midwest or Northeast:Joliet, Illinois; South Bend, Indiana; Sioux City, Iowa; Flint, Michigan; Bing-hamton, New York; Akron and Dayton, Ohio; and Racine, Wisconsin. The onecommunity to decline in the South was Galveston, Texas.


Regional Shifts During the 20th Century

The year 2001 is an opportune time to examine national population changesover the last century. Changes in the proportion of the U.S. Jewish populationliving in the New York metropolitan region are shown in figure 1, and shifts inthe four U.S. Census regions from 1900 to 2000 appear in figure 2. The actualpopulation estimates on which these figures are based appear in table 4.2 (Seepp. 278-80 below.)

Figure 1 reveals that in 1900 over half (52 percent) of the nation's nearly 1.1million Jews lived in the New York City Consolidated Metropolitan StatisticalArea (CMSA).3 After hovering at around that level till past mid-century, the pro-portion began a steady decline after 1955 to its current level of 32 percent.

The proportion of U.S. Jewry in New York City's five boroughs was highestduring the first few years of the 20th century, when 47 percent of American Jewslived there. The proportion gradually declined to 39 percent in 1945. After WorldWar II it slightly increased to 42 percent in 1950, after which the decline resumedand even accelerated, falling to the current share of 17 percent. This decline hasbeen due to movement to the suburbs, retirees relocating to Florida, and youngerJews seeking employment and educational opportunities in other regions.

In actual numbers, New York City's Jewish population grew from half a mil-lion in 1900 to two million by 1935, and remained at about that level until 1960.It has since declined to its current level of just over one million.

The share of U.S. Jewish population in New York City's suburbs located in NewYork State, New Jersey, and Connecticut was at 5-7 percent between 1900 and1945. After World War II, however, it increased substantially. The suburban pro-portion was highest in 1980, when 18 percent of U.S. Jews lived there. Since thenthe New York City suburban population has declined to 15 percent of U.S. Jewry.Only about 50,000 Jews lived in these suburbs in 1900 and about one million by1980. The figure has since fluctuated, with a current estimate of 930,000.

Figure 2 displays trends in the four U.S. census regions. It indicates that theNortheast increased its share of U.S. Jewry from 57 percent in 1900 to 70 percentby 1920. This was due primarily to massive immigration of Jews from EasternEurope who settled mainly in New York and other port cities of the Northeastin the first part of the century. From 1920 to 1960 the Northeast share remainedslightly in excess of two-thirds. After that point, however, its share steadily de-

2Sources utilized to provide historical data include various editions of the American Jew-ish Year Book from vol. 1, the 1899-1900 edition, to the present, and Jacob Rader Marcus,To Count a People: American Jewish Population Data, 1585-1984 (Lanham, Md., 1984).Information for some years was not provided in the Year Book and interpolation of datawas necessary.

3The CMSA includes the city's five boroughs, six New York State counties outside thecity, 13 nearby counties in northeastern New Jersey, and one in Connecticut.


clined to its current level of 46 percent. In actual numbers, the Northeast beganthe century with about 600,000 Jews, increased to over three million during the1930s, and remained above three million until the final years of the century.

The North Central states (the Midwest) began the century with about one-fourth (24 percent) of the nation's Jewish population, declined gradually to halfthat level (12 percent) by 1970, and is now 11 percent, their numbers overshad-owed by the massive wave of Eastern European Jews immigrating to the North-east. In the early 1900s the Midwest had a Jewish population of a quarter-million, which increased to nearly 900,000 by 1940 but has since fallen to about700,000.

The West fluctuated between 4 and 6 percent of the U.S. Jewish population be-tween 1900 and 1945. After World War II that region's share steadily increasedto its current level of 22 percent, reflecting general population trends and eco-nomic opportunities in that region. Early in the 20th century fewer than 60,000Jews lived in the West. Increases were modest until 1940, when approximately224,000 Jews lived there. Since that time, the increases have been rapid and theJewish population is now over 1.3 million.

The South declined from a 14-percent share in 1900 to 7 percent in 1940. Likethe situation in the Midwest, Jewish communities in the South were demograph-ically dwarfed by the new Jewish immigration to the Northeast. After World WarII the proportion of U.S. Jews in the South grew slowly until 1970, when thisgrowth accelerated. Today it is at 21 percent, almost equivalent to that of the West.This increase is due mainly to the migration of Jews from the Northeast and Mid-west to southern Florida, Atlanta, Washington, D.C., and other areas in theSouth Atlantic subregion. The two other subregions that comprise the South—East South Central and West South Central—each held 3 percent of U.S. Jewryat the start of the century and are now at 1 and 2 percent, respectively. Like theWest, increases in actual numbers for the South were modest earlier in the cen-tury, moving from 150,000 in 1900 to almost 500,000 in 1960. Rapid growth oc-curred after 1960, when Jewish population in the South more than doubled to 1.3million by the end of the century.

NJPS2000Recognizing the need for current data, United Jewish Communities (UJC) is

sponsoring a new National Jewish Population Survey, with interviewing takingplace in 2000 and 2001. The questionnaire and overall study design were devel-oped by the UJC's Research Department in close collaboration with its NationalTechnical Advisory Committee (NTAC), a distinguished group of academiciansand federation professionals with expertise in demography, sociology, religion, ge-ography, economics, education, and other relevant disciplines.

In addition, the UJC Research Department worked closely with local federa-tion planning, campaign, marketing, and other departments, as well as with the


four newly formed UJC "pillars": Israel/Overseas, Human Services and SocialPolicy, Jewish Renaissance and Renewal, and Campaign/Financial Resource De-velopment in preparing the NJPS questionnaire. The interviewing for NJPS 2000was to have begun in early 2000, but was postponed till the second half of theyear in order to give the four pillars sufficient opportunity for input. Meetingswere held with these groups as well as with the Jewish religious denominations,other major Jewish organizations, UJC regions, and other constituencies. TheNJPS Board of Trustees provided the financial resources for conducting this ef-fort and a federation Professional Advisory Committee provided guidance on is-sues of relevance to the federation system. The NJPS Steering Committee, com-prised of the chairs of all the committees involved in NJPS, set policy for thestudy. All of the aforementioned groups provided significant input toward the de-velopment of the questionnaire. Focus groups were conducted to improve the in-troductory part of the interview and cognitively test the phrasing of questions.The questionnaire was extensively pretested for length, the most appropriate lan-guage, and correct skip patterns.

The NJPS 2000 interviewing was conducted by telephone using random-digit-dialing techniques. The sample is approximately 5,000 adults (4,500 Jews and 500other people with Jewish background) age 18 and older residing in the 50 UnitedStates. The sample is stratified by census region, metropolitan/non-metropolitanarea, and then by zip code within each region. Areas of high density of Jewishsettlement are sampled at a higher rate than other areas to increase the pace ofinterviewing and cut costs. Results will be weighted to ensure accurate pro-jectability to the Jewish population at different geographic levels.

Once the findings are released in early 2002, NJPS 2000 will become the de-finitive source of data on the Jewish community during the first decade of the21 st century. The information will help UJC, Jewish federations, synagogues, andother Jewish organizations conduct communal planning, policy-making, resourcedevelopment, Jewish education, scholarly research, and many other necessaryfunctions.

Among the multitude of topics that are explored in NJPS 2000 are Jewish pop-ulation size, socioeconomic characteristics, family structure, fertility, marital his-tory, intermarriage, Jewish identification, religious practices, Jewish education,synagogue affiliation, philanthropic behavior, and relationship to Israel. UJC andothers will underwrite a broad range of analyses based on NJPS results to helpdrive informed decision-making within the Jewish community. NJPS 2000 is ex-pected to deliver the critical data and analyses necessary for strengthening Jew-ish life in the United States in the 21st century.

JIM SCHWARTZ

JEFFREY SCHECKNER

JEWISH POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES / 259

APPENDIX

T A B L E 1. JEWISH POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES, 2000

State

EstimatedJewish

PopulationTotal

Population*

4,447,000627,000

5,131,0002,673,000

33,872,000

4,301,0003,406,000

784,000572,000

15,982,000

8,186,0001,212,0001,294,000

12,419,0006,080,000

2,926,0002,688,0004,042,0004,469,0001,275,000

5,296,0006,349,0009,938,0004,919,0002,845,000

5,595,000902,000

1,711,0001,998,0001,236,000

EstimatedJewishPercentof Total

0.20.61.60.12.9

1.73.21.74.53.9

1.10.60.12.20.3

0.20.50.30.40.6

4.14.31.10.9(z)

1.10.10.43.90.8

Alabama 9,100Alaska 3,500Arizona 81,500Arkansas 1,600California 994,000

Colorado 72,000Connecticut 108,000Delaware 13,500Dist. of Columbia 25,500Florida 628,000

Georgia 93,500Hawaii 7,000Idaho 1,000Illinois 270,000Indiana 18,000

Iowa 6,400Kansas 14,500Kentucky 11,000Louisiana 16,500Maine 8,000

Maryland 216,000Massachusetts 275,000Michigan 110,000Minnesota 42,000Mississippi 1,400

Missouri 62,500Montana 800Nebraska 7,000Nevada 77,000New Hampshire 10,000

New Jersey 468,000 8,414,000 5.6


State

EstimatedJewish

PopulationTotal

Population"

EstimatedJewishPercentof Total

New Mexico 10,500 1,819,000New York 1,653,000 18,976,000North Carolina . . . . 25,500 8,049,000North Dakota 700 642,000

Ohio 142,000 11,353,000Oklahoma 5,000 3,451,000Oregon 31,000 3,421,000Pennsylvania 283,000 12,281,000

Rhode Island 16,000 1,048,000South Carolina 11,000 4,012,000South Dakota 350 755,000Tennessee 18,000 5,689,000

Texas 128,000 20,852,000Utah 4,500 2,233,000Vermont 5,800 609,000Virginia 76,000 7,079,000

Washington 43,500 5,894,000West Virginia 2,400 1,808,000Wisconsin 28,000 5,364,000Wyoming 400 494,000

U.S. TOTAL **6,136,000 281,421,000

0.68.70.30.1

1.30.10.92.3

1.50.3

(z)0.3

0.60.21.01.1

0.70.10.50.1

2.2

N.B. Details may not add to totals because of rounding.* Resident population, April 1, 2000 (Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Population Di-vision, Census Briefs: A Short Report on the First Results of Census 2000, April 3, 2001.)** Exclusive of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands which previously reported Jewish pop-ulations of 1,500 and 350, respectively,(z) Figure is less than 0.1 and rounds to 0.

J E W I S H P O P U L A T I O N I N T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S / 261

T A B L E 2 . DISTRIBUTION OF U.S. JEWISH POPULATION BY REGIONS, 2 0 0 0

Region

EstimatedTotal Percent Jewish Percent

Population Distribution Population Distribution

Midwest 63,393,000 22.9East North Central . . 45,155,000 16.0West North Central 19,237,000 6.9

Northeast 53,594,000 18.9Middle Atlantic . . . 39,671,000 14.1New England 13,923,000 4.9

South 100,237,000 35.6East South Central . . 17,023,000 6.0South Atlantic . . . 51,768,000 18.4West South Central . . 31,445,000 11.1

West 63,198,000 22.5Mountain 18,172,000 6.5Pacific 45,026,000 16.0

TOTALS 281,421,000 100.0

N.B. Details may not add to totals because of rounding.

701,000568,000133,000

2,826,0002,403,000423,000

1,283,00040,000

1,092,000151,000

1,326,000248,000

1,079,000

11.49.32.2

46.139.26.9

20.90.617.82.5

21.64.017.6

6,136,000 100.0


T A B L E 3. COMMUNITIES WITH JEWISH POPULATIONS OF 100 OR MORE, 2 0 0 0

(ESTIMATED)

Jewish Jewish JewishState and City Population State and City Population State and City Population

ALABAMA*Birmingham . . . . 5,300Dothan 100Huntsville 750

**Mobile 1,100** Montgomery . . . 1,200Tuscaloosa 300Other places 350

ALASKA

•Anchorage 2,300* Fairbanks 540Juneau 285Kenai Peninsula . . . 200Ketchikan (incl. inJuneau)

Other places 200

ARIZONACochise County . . . 350

*Flagstaff 500Lake Havasu City

200*Phoenix 60,000Prescott 300Sierra Vista (incl. inCochise County)

Tucson 20,000***Yuma 125Other places 200

ARKANSAS

***Fayetteville 150Hot Springs 150

**LittleRock . . . . 1,100Other places 200

CALIFORNIA***Antelope Valley

700Aptos (incl. in SantaCruz)

Bakersfield-KernCounty 1,600

Berkeley (incl. inContra Costa County,under S.F. Bay Area)

Carmel (incl. inMonterey Peninsula)

*Chico 500Corona (incl. inRiverside area)

*Eureka 1,000Fairfield 800Fontana (incl. in SanBernardino)

*Fresno 2,300Lancaster (incl. inAntelope Valley)

Long BeachN . . . 15,000Los Angeles areaN

519,000*Mendocino County

600*Merced County . . . 190*Modesto 500Monterey Peninsula

2,300Moreno Valley (incl. inRiverside)

Murrieta Hot Springs550

*Napa County . . . 1,000Oakland (incl. in

Alameda County,under S.F. Bay Area)

Ontario (incl. in SanGabriel and PomonaValleys)

Orange CountyN

60,000Oroville (incl. in Chico)Palmdale (incl. inAntelope Valley)

Palm Springs'1*. . 17,000Palo Alto (incl. inSouth Peninsula,under S.F. Bay Area)

Pasadena (incl. inChico)

Pasadena (incl. in LA.area)

Paso Robles (incl. inSan Luis Obispo)

Petaluma (incl. inSonoma County,under S.F. BayArea)

Pomona Valley1" (incl.in San Gabriel andPomona Valleys)

*Reddingarea 150Redwood Valley (incl.in MendocinoCounty)

Riverside area . . . 2,000SacramentoN . . . 21,300Salinas 1,000San Bernardino area

3,000*San Diego 70,000

NSee Notes below. *Includes entire county. **Includes all of two counties. ***Figure notupdated for at least five years.



San Francisco BayAreaN 210,000Alameda County

32,500Contra Costa County

22,000Marin County

18,500N. Peninsula . . 24,500San Francisco 49,500San Jose 33,000Sonoma County

9,000S. Peninsula. . . 21,000

San Gabriel andPomona ValleysN

30,000*San Jose (listed under

S.F. Bay Area)*San Luis Obispo

1,700*Santa Barbara. . . 7,000*Santa Cruz 6,000Santa Maria 700Santa Monica (incl. inLos Angeles area)

Santa Rosa (incl. inSonoma County,under S.F. Bay Area)

Sonoma County (listedunder S.F. Bay Area)

*South Lake Tahoe . 150*Stockton 850***Sun City 200Tulare and Kingscounties 300

Ukiah (incl. inMendocino Co.)

Vallejo area 900*Ventura CountyN

15,000Visalia (incl. in Tulareand Kings counties)

Other places 200

COLORADOAspen 750Boulder (incl. inDenver)

Breckenridge (incl. inVail)

Colorado Springs1,500

Denver1" 66,700Eagle (incl. in Vail)Evergreen (incl. inDenver)

*Fort Collins 1,000* Grand Junction . . . 320Greeley (incl. in FortCollins)

Loveland (incl. in FortCollins)

PuebloN 425Steamboat Springs

160Telluride 125

**Vail 650Other places 200

CONNECTICUT

Bridgeport 13,000Bristol (incl. inHartford)

Cheshire (incl. inWaterbury)

Colchester 300DanburyN 3,200Danielson 100Darien (incl. inStamford)

Greenwich 3,900HartfordN 32,200Hebron (incl. inColchester)

Lebanon (incl. inColchester)

Lower MiddlesexCounty" 1,600

Manchester (incl. inHartford)

Meriden (incl. in NewHaven)

Middletown 1,200New Britain (incl. inHartford)

New Canaan (incl. inStamford)

New HavenN . . . 24,300New London* . . . 3,800New Milford (incl. inWaterbury)

Newtown (incl. inDanbury)

Norwalk (incl. inWestport)

Norwich (incl. in NewLondon)

Rockville (incl. inHartford)

Shelton (incl. inBridgeport)

Southington (incl. inHartford)

Stamford 9,200Storrs (incl. inWillimantic)

Torrington area . . . 580Wallingford (incl. inNew Haven)

WaterburyN 4,500WestportN 9,500Willimantic area. . . 700Other places 200

DELAWARE

Dover (incl. in Kentand Sussex countiestotals)

Kent and Sussexcounties 1,600

Newark area . . . . 4,300Wilmington area . 7,600


Jewish

State and City Popula t ion

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Washington D.C.N

25,500

FLORIDA

Arcadia (incl. in FortMyers)

Boca Raton-DelrayBeach (listed underSoutheast Fla.)

Brevard County. . 5,000Broward County (listedunder Southeast Fla.)

***Crystal River . . . 100**Daytona Beach

2,500Fort Lauderdale (incl.in Broward County,under Southeast Fla.)

**Fort Myers 8,000Fort Pierce 1,060Gainesville 2,200Hollywood-S. BrowardCounty (incl inBroward County,under Southeast Fla.)

••Jacksonville.... 7,300Key West 650

***Lakeland 1,000*Miami-Dade County

(listed underSoutheast Fla.)

Naples-Collier County4,200

New Port Richey (incl.in Pasco County)

Ocala-Marion County500

OrlandoN 21,000Palm Beach County(listed underSoutheast Fla.)

Pasco County . . . 1,000**Pensacola 975

JewishState and City Population

Pinellas County. 24,200**Port Charlotte-Punta

Gorda (incl. in FortMyers

**Sarasota 17,500Southeast Florida

504,000Boca Raton-Delray

Beach 93,000Broward County

213,000Miami-Dade County

124,000Palm Beach County

(excl. Boca Raton-Delray Beach)

74,000*St. Petersburg-

Clearwater (incl. inPinellas County)

Stuart-Port St. LucieN

4,300Tallahassee 2,200

"Tampa 20,000Venice (incl. in

Sarasota)*Vero Beach 400Winter Haven 300Other places 100

GEORGIA

Albany area 200Athens 400Atlanta Metro Area

85,900AugustaN 1,300Brunswick 100

**Columbus 1,100**Dalton 125Macon 1,000

•Savannah 3,000**Valdosta 100Other places 250


HAWAII

Hilo 280Honolulu (incl. all ofOahu) 6,400

Kauai 100Maui 210

IDAHO

**Boise 800Lewiston (incl. inMoscow)

Moscow 100Other places 150

ILLINOIS

Aurora area 750Bloomington-Normal

500Carbondale (incl. in S.111.)

*Champaign-Urbana1,400

Chicago Metro Area1"1

261,000**Danville 100•Decatur 130DeKalb 180East St. Louis (incl. in

S. 111.)ElginN 500Freeport (incl. inRockford)

•Joliet 270***Kankakee 100Moline (incl. in QuadCities)

*Peoria 800Quad Cities-Ill, portion

550Quincy 100Rock Island (incl. inQuad Cities)

RockfordN 1,100Southern IllinoisN . 600



*Springfield 1,090Waukegan 300Other places 250

INDIANA

Bloomington. . . . 1,000Elkhart (incl. in S. Bend)Evansville . . 400

**Fort Wayne 950* *Gary-Northwest

Indiana 2,000**Indianapolis . . 10,000**Lafayette 550•Michigan City . . . . 300Muncie 120South BendN 1,850

*Terre Haute 200Other places 200

IOWA

Ames (incl. in DesMoines)

Cedar Rapids 420Council Bluffs . . . . 150

*Davenport (incl. inQuad Cities)

*Des Moines 2,800*IowaCity 1,300Postville 150Quad Cities-Iowaportion 650

**Sioux City 400*Waterloo 170Other places 300

KANSAS

Kansas City area-Kansas portionN

12,000Lawrence 150Manhattan 425

"Topeka 400Wichita"1 1,300Other places 100

KENTUCKY

Covington-Newportarea

LexingtonN 2,*Louisville 8,Other places

LOUISIANA

AlexandriaN

500000700150

350Baton RougeN . . . 1,600Lafayette (incl. in S.Central La.)

Lake Charles area200

Monroe (incl. inShreveport)

**New Orleans .. 13,000**Shreveport 815***South Central La.N

250Other places 150

MAINE

Augusta 140***Bangor 1,000Biddeford-Saco (incl. inS. Maine)

Brunswick-Bath (incl.in S. Maine)

Lewiston-Auburn. . 500Portland (incl. in S.Maine)

Rockland area . . . . 300Southern Maine1"

6,000•Waterville 200Other places 150

MARYLAND

Annapolis area . . 3,000**Baltimore 94,500Columbia (incl. inHoward County)

Cumberland 275

•Frederick 1,200*Hagerstown 325*Harford County

1,200•Howard County

10,000Montgomery andPrince Georgescounties 104,500

Ocean City 100Salisbury 400Silver Spring (incl. inMontgomery County)

Other places 250

MASSACHUSETTS

Amherst area. . . . 1,300AndoverN 2,850Athol area (incl. in N.Worcester County)

Attleboro area . . . . 700Beverly (incl. in NorthShore, under BostonMetro Region)

Boston Metro RegionN

227,300Boston 21,000Brockton-SouthCentral 31,500

Brookline 20,300Framingham . . . 19,700Near West 35,800Newton 27,700North Central . . 22,900Northeast 7,700North Shore . . . 18,600Northwest 13,600Southeast 8,500Brockton (listed underBoston Metro Region)

Brookline (listed underBoston Metro Region)

Cape Cod-BarnstableCounty 3,250



Clinton (incl. inWorcester-CentralWorcester County)

Fall River area .. 1,100Falmouth (incl. in CapeCod)

Fitchburg (incl. in N.Worcester County)

Framingham (listedunder Boston MetroRegion)

Gardner (incl. in N.Worcester County)

Gloucester (incl. N.Shore, listed underBoston Metro Region)

Great Barrington (incl.in Pittsfield)

•Greenfield 1,100Haverhill 800Holyoke 600

*Hyannis (incl. in CapeCod)

Lawrence (incl. inAndover)

Leominster (incl. in N.Worcester County)

Lowell area 2,000Lynn (incl. in N. Shore,listed under BostonMetro Region)

*Martha's Vineyard300

New BedfordN . . . 2,600Newburyport 280Newton (listed underBoston MetroRegion)

North Adams (incl. inN. Berkshire County)

North BerkshireCounty 400

North WorcesterCounty 1,500


Northampton . . . 1,200Peabody (incl. in N.Shore, listed underBoston Metro Region)

Pittsfield-BerkshireCounty 3,500

Plymouth area... 1,000Provincetown (incl. inCape Cod)

Salem (incl. in N.Shore, listed underBoston MetroRegion)

Southbridge (incl. in S.Worcester County)

South WorcesterCounty 500

SpringfieldN 10,000Taunton area. . . . 1,300Webster (incl. in S.Worcester County)

Worcester-CentralWorcester County

11,000Other places 150

MICHIGAN

*Ann Arbor 7,000Bay City 150Benton Harbor area

240**Detroit Metro Area

94,000•Flint 1,500*Grand Rapids . . . 1,800**Jackson 200*Kalamazoo 1,500Lansing area . . . . 2,100

***Midland 120Mt. Clemens (incl. inDetroit)

Mt. Pleasant1" 130*Muskegon 210*Saginaw 115


Traverse City 200Other places 400

MINNESOTA

**Duluth 485•Minneapolis . . . 31,500Rochester 550

**St. Paul 9,200Other places 150

MISSISSIPPI

Biloxi-Gulfport . . . 250**Greenville 120**Hattiesburg 130**Jackson 550Other places 300

MISSOURI

Columbia 400Joplin 100Kansas City area-Missouri portionN

7,100*St. Joseph 265**St. Louis 54,000Springfield 300Other places 150

MONTANA

•Billings 300Butte 100Helena (incl. inButte)

*Kalispell 150Missoula 200Other places 100

NEBRASKA

Grand Island-Hastings(incl. in Lincoln)

Lincoln 700**Omaha 6,350Other places 50



NEVADA

Carson City (incl. inReno)

*Las Vegas 75,000**Reno 2,100Sparks (incl. in Reno)

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Bethlehem 200Concord 500Dover area 600Exeter (incl. inPortsmouth)

Franconia (incl. inBethlehem)

Hanover-Lebanon . 500*Keene 300**Laconia 270Littleton (incl. inBethlehem)

Manchester area4,000

Nashua area 2,000Portsmouth area

1,250Rochester (incl. inDover)

Salem 150Other places 150

NEW JERSEY

Asbury Park (incl. inMonmouth County)

**Atlantic City (incl.Atlantic and CapeMay counties) . 15,800

Bayonne (listed underHudson County)

Bergen County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 83,700

Bridgeton 110Bridgewater (incl. inSomerset County)


Camden (incl. inCherry Hill-S. N.J.)

Cherry Hill-SouthernN.J.N 49,000

Edison (incl. inMiddlesex County)

Elizabeth (incl. inUnion County)

Englewood (incl. inBergen County)

Essex County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.)N 76,200East Essex . . . . 10,800Livingston . . . . 12,600North Essex. . . 15,600South Essex. . . 20,300West Orange-Orange

16,900*Flemington 1,500Freehold (incl. inMonmouth County)

Gloucester (incl. inCherry Hill-S. N.J.)

Hoboken (listed underHudson County)Hudson County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 12,500Bayonne 1,600Hoboken 1,400Jersey City 6,000North Hudson

CountyN 3,500Jersey City (listedunder HudsonCounty)

Lakewood (incl. inOcean County)

Livingston (listed underEssex County)

Middlesex County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.)N 45,000


Monmouth County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 65,000

Morris County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 33,500

Morristown (incl. inMorris County)

Mt. Holly (incl. inCherry Hill-S. N.J.)

New Brunswick (incl. inMiddlesex County)

Newark (incl. in EssexCounty)

Northeastern N.J.N

388,000

Ocean County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 11,500

Passaic County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 17,000

Passaic-Clifton (incl. inPassaic County)

Paterson (incl. inPassaic County)

Perth Amboy (incl. inMiddlesex County)

Phillipsburg (incl. inWarren County)

Plainfield (incl. inUnion County)

Princeton area. . . 3,000Somerset County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 11,000

Somerville (incl. inSomerset County)

Sussex County (also incl.in Northeastern N.J.)

4,100Toms River (incl. inOcean County)

Trenton111 6,000

268 / A M E R I C A N J E W I S H Y E A R B O O K , 2 0 0 1


Union County (alsoincl. in NortheasternN.J.) 30,000

VinelandN 1,890Warren County . . . 400Wayne (incl. in Passaic

County)Wildwood 330Willingboro (incl. in

Cherry Hill-S. N.J.)Other places 150

NEW MEXICO

•Albuquerque 7,500Las Cruces 600Los Alamos 250Rio Rancho (incl. inAlbuquerque)

Santa Fe 1,700Taos 300Other places 150

NEW YORK

•Albany 12,000Amenia (incl. inPoughkeepsie-Dutchess County)

Amsterdam 150•Auburn 115Beacon (incl. inPoughkeepsie-Dutchess County)

•Binghamton (incl. allBroome County)

2,600Brewster (incl. inPutnam County)

•Buffalo 20,000Canandaigua (incl. inGeneva)

Catskill 200Corning (incl. inElmira)

•Cortland 150Ellenville 1,600


ElmiraN 950Fleischmanns 100Geneva area 300Glens FallsN 800

*Gloversville 300•Herkimer 130Highland Falls (incl. inOrange County)

•Hudson 500•Ithaca area 2,000Jamestown 100Kingston1" 4,300Kiryas Joel (incl. inOrange County)

Lake George (incl. inGlens Falls)

Liberty (incl. inSullivan County)

Middletown (incl. inOrange County)

Monroe (incl. inOrange County)

Monticello (incl. inSullivan County)

Newark (incl. inGeneva total)

Newburgh (incl. inOrange County)

New Paltz (incl. inKingston)

New York Metro AreaN

1,450,000Bronx 83,700Brooklyn 379,000Manhattan. . . 314,500Queens 238,000Staten Island . . 33,700Nassau County

207,000Suffolk County

100,000Westchester County

94,000Niagara Falls 150Olean 100


••Oneonta 300Orange County

15,000Pawling (incl. inPoughkeepsie-Dutchess County)

Plattsburg 250Port Jervis (incl. inOrange County)

Potsdam 200•Poughkeepsie-Dutchess

County 3,600Putnam County. . 1,000

••Rochester 22,500Rockland County

90,000Rome 100Saratoga Springs . . 600

••Schenectady. . . . 5,200Seneca Falls (incl. inGeneva)

South Fallsburg (incl.in Sullivan County)

•••Sullivan County7,425

SyracuseN 9,000Troy area 800UticaN 1,100Walden (incl. in OrangeCounty)

Watertown 100Woodstock (incl. in

Kingston)Other places 490

NORTH CAROLINA

AshevilleN 1,300•*Chapel Hill-Durham

4,000CharlotteN 8,500Elizabethtown (incl. inWilmington)

•Fayetteville 300Gastonia 210

•Greensboro 2,500



Greenville 240*Hendersonville.... 250**Hickory 110High Point (incl. inGreensboro)

Jacksonville (incl. inWilmington)

Raleigh-Wake County6,000

Whiteville (incl. inWilmington)

Wilmington area. 1,200Winston-Salem. . . . 485Other places 450

NORTH DAKOTA

Fargo 500Grand Forks 130Other places 100

OHIO

**Akron 5,500Athens 100Bowling Green (incl. inToledo)

Butler County . . . . 900**Canton 1,500Cincinnati 22,500Cleveland"1* 81,000

*Columbus 15,600**Dayton 5,000Elyria 155Fremont (incl. inSandusky)

Hamilton (incl. inButler County)

Kent (incl. in Akron)*Lima 180Lorain 600Mansfield 150MarionN 125Middletown (incl. inButler County)

New Philadelphia (incl.in Canton)

Norwalk (incl. inSandusky)

Oberlin (incl. in Elyria)Oxford (incl. in ButlerCounty)

**Sandusky 105Springfield 200

*Steubenville 115ToledoN 5,900Warren (incl. inYoungstown)

Wooster 175Youngstown1". . . 3,6500

*Zanesville 100Other places 350

OKLAHOMA

Norman (incl. inOklahoma City)

**Oklahoma City2,300

*Tulsa 2,650Other places 100

OREGON

Ashland (incl. inMedford)

Bend 175Corvallis 500Eugene 3,250Grants Pass (incl. in

Medford)**Medford 1,000PortlandN 25,500

**Salem 1,000Other places 200

PENNSYLVANIA

Allentown (incl. inLehigh Valley)

*Altoona 575Ambridge (incl. inPittsburgh)

Beaver Falls (incl. inUpper Beaver County)

Bethlehem (incl. inLehigh Valley)

Bucks County (listedunder Philadelphiaarea)

*Butler 250**Chambersburg . . . 150Chester (incl. inDelaware County,listed under Phila.area)

Chester County (listedunder Phila. area)

Coatesville (incl. inChester County, listedunder Phila. area)

Easton (incl. in LehighValley)

*Erie 850Farrell (incl. in Sharon)Greensburg (incl. inPittsburgh)

**Harrisburg 7,000Hazletonarea 300Honesdale (incl. inWayne County)

Jeannette (incl. inPittsburgh)

** Johnstown 275Lancaster area. . . 3,000

*Lebanon 350Lehigh Valley

8,500Lewisburg (incl. inSunbury)

Lock Haven (incl. inWilliamsport)

McKeesport (incl. inPittsburgh)

Newcastle 200Norristown (incl. inMontgomery County,listed under Phila.area)

**Oil City 100



Oxford-Kennett Square(incl. in ChesterCounty, listed underPhila. area)

Philadelphia areaN

206,000Bucks County

34,800Chester County

10,100Delaware County

15,700Montgomery County

58,900Philadelphia . . 86,600

Phoenixville (incl. inChester County, listedunder Phila. area)

***Pike County . . . . 300Pittsburgh14 . . . . 40,000Pottstown 650Pottsville 160

•Reading 2,200*Scranton 3,100Shamokin (incl. inSunbury)

Sharon 300State College 700Stroudsburg 600SunburyN 200Tamaqua (incl. inHazleton)

Uniontown area... 150Upper Beaver County

180Washington (incl. inPittsburgh)

***Wayne County500

Waynesburg (incl. inPittsburgh)

West Chester (incl. inChester County, listedunder Phila. area)


Wilkes-Barre* . . . 3,200**Williamsport 225York 1,800Other places 800

RHODE ISLAND

Cranston (incl. inProvidence)

Kingston (incl. inWashington County)

Newport-Middletown700

Providence area. 14,200Washington County

1,200Westerly (incl. inWashington County)

SOUTH CAROLINA

•Charleston 5,000**Columbia 2,750Florence area 220Georgetown (incl. inMyrtle Beach)

Greenville 1,200Kingstree (incl. inSumter)

••Myrtle Beach . . . . 475Rock Hill 100

*Spartanburg 500SumterN 140York (incl. in RockHill)

Other places 450

SOUTH DAKOTA

Sioux Falls 180Other places 150

TENNESSEE

Chattanooga. . . . 1,450Knoxville 1,800Memphis 8,500


Nashville 6,000Oak Ridge 250Other places 250

TEXASAmarilloN 200

•Austin 13,500***Baytown 300Beaumont 500

•Brownsville 450•"College Station-

Bryan 400•Corpus Christi . . 1,400••Dallas 45,000El Paso 5,000

•Fort Worth 5,000Galveston 450Harlingen (incl. inBrownsville)

••Houston1- 42,000Laredo 130Longview 100

•Lubbock 230•McAllenN 500Midland-Odessa. . . 200Port Arthur 100

•San Antonio . . . 11,000South Padre Island(incl. in Brownsville)

Tyler 400WacoN 300Wichita Falls 260Other places 550

UTAH

Ogden 150•Salt Lake City. . . 4,200Other places 100

VERMONT

Bennington area. . . 300•Brattleboro 350••Burlington 3,000Manchester area. . . 325



Montpelier-Barre. . 550Newport (incl. in St.

Johnsbury)Rutland 625

**St. Johnsbury 140Stowe 150Woodstock 270Other places 100

VIRGINIA

Alexandria (incl. in N.Virginia)

Arlington (incl. in N.Virginia)

Blacksburg 175Charlottesville. . . 1,500Chesapeake (incl. in

Portsmouth)Colonial Heights (incl.in Petersburg)

Danville area 100Fairfax County (incl. in

N. Virginia)FredericksburgN . . . 500Hampton (incl. in

Newport News)Harrisonburg (incl. in

Staunton)Lexington (incl. in

Staunton)Lynchburg area . . . 275

**Martinsville 100Newport News-

HamptonN 2,400Norfolk-Virginia Beach

19,000


Northern Virginia35,100

Petersburg area350

Portsmouth-Suffolk(incl. in Norfolk)

Radford (incl. inBlacksburg)

Richmond111 . . . . 15,000Roanoke 900StauntonN 370Williamsburg (incl. in

Newport News)Winchester111 270Other places 100

WASHINGTON

Bellingham 500Ellensburg (incl. inYakima)

Longview-Kelso (incl.in Vancouver)

•Olympia 560***Port Angeles. . . . 100*SeattleN 37,200Spokane 1,500

*Tacoma 2,000Tri CitiesN 300Vancouver 600

**Yakima 150Other places 350

WEST VIRGINIA

Bluefield-Princeton200

*Charleston 975


Clarksburg 110HuntingtonN 250Morgantown 200Parkersburg 110

"Wheeling 275Other places 300

WISCONSIN

Appleton area . . . . 300Beloit 120Fond du Lac (incl. inOshkosh)

Green Bay 500Janesville (incl. in

Beloit)*Kenosha 300La Crosse 100

*Madison 4,500Milwaukee11*

21,300Oshkosh area 170

*Racine 200Sheboygan 140Waukesha (incl. in

Milwaukee)WausauN 300Other places 300

WYOMING

Casper 100Cheyenne 230Laramie (incl. inCheyenne)

Other places 100


Notes

CALIFORNIA

Long Beach—includes in L.A. County; Long Beach, Signal Hill, Cerritos, Lake-wood, Rossmoor, and Hawaiian Gardens. Also includes in Orange County, Los Alami-tos, Cypress, Seal Beach, and Huntington Harbor.

Los Angeles—includes most of Los Angeles County, but excludes those placeslisted above that are part of the Long Beach area and also excludes the eastern por-tion that is listed below as part of San Gabriel and Pomona Valleys. Also includes east-ern edge of Ventura County.

Orange County—includes most of Orange County, but excludes towns in northernportion that are included in Long Beach.

Palm Springs—includes Palm Springs, Desert Hot Springs, Cathedral City, PalmDesert, and Rancho Mirage.

Sacramento — includes Yolo, Placer, El Dorado, and Sacramento counties.San Francisco Bay area—North Peninsula includes northern San Mateo County.

South Peninsula includes southern San Mateo County and towns of Palo Alto and LosAltos in Santa Clara County. San Jose includes remainder of Santa Clara County.

San Gabriel and Pomona Valleys — includes in Los Angeles County: Alhambra, Al-tadena, Arcadia, Azusa, Baldwin Park, Bellflower, Bell Gardens, Chapman Woods,Charter Oak, Claremont, Commerce, Covina, Diamond Bar, Downey, Duarte, EastLos Angeles, East Pasadena, East San Gabriel, El Monte, Glendora, Hacienda Heights,La Canada Flintridge, La Habra Heights, La Mirada, La Puente, La Verne, Los Ni-etos, Monrovia, Montebello, Monterey Park, Norwalk, Pico Rivera, Paramount,Pasadena, Pomona, Rosemead, Rowland Heights, San Dimas, San Gabriel, SanMarino, Santa Fe Springs, Sierra Madre, South El Monte, South Pasadena, South SanGabriel, South San Jose Hills, South Whittier, Temple City, Walnut, West Covina, WestPuente Valley, West Whittier, Whittier and Valinda. Also includes in San BernardinoCounty: Alta Loma, Chino, Chino Hills, Mira Loma, Montclair, Ontario, Rancho Cu-camonga, and Upland.

COLORADO

Denver—includes Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, and Jefferson counties.Pueblo—includes all of Pueblo County east to Lamar, west and south to Trinidad.

CONNECTICUT

Bridgeport—includes Monroe, Easton, Trumbull, Fairfield, Bridgeport, Shelton,and Stratford.

Danbury — includes Danbury, Bethel, New Fairfield, Brookfield, Sherman, New-town, Redding, and Ridgefield.


Hartford — includes all of Hartford County; Vernon, Rockville, Somers, andStafford Springs in New Haven County; and Ellington and Tolland in Tolland County.

Lower Middlesex County—includes Branford, Guilford, Madison, Clinton, West-brook, Old Saybrook, Old Lyme, Durham, and Killingworth.

New Haven—includes New Haven, East Haven, Guilford, Branford, Madison,North Haven, Hamden, West Haven, Milford, Orange, Woodbridge, Bethany, Derby,Ansonia, Quinnipiac, Meriden, Seymour, and Wallingford.

New London—includes central and southern New London County. Also includespart of Middlesex County and part of Windham County.

Waterbury—includes Bethlehem, Cheshire, Litchfield, Morris, Middlebury, South-bury, Naugatuck, Prospect, Plymouth, Roxbury, Southbury, Southington, Thomaston,Torrington, Washington, Watertown, Waterbury, Oakville, Woodbury, Wolcott, Ox-ford, and other towns in Litchfield County and northern New Haven County.

Westport — includes Norwalk, Weston, Westport, East Norwalk, Wilton, andGeorgetown.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Washington, D.C. — For a total of the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area, includeMontgomery and Prince Georges counties in Maryland, and northern Virginia.

FLORIDA

Orlando—includes all of Orange and Seminole counties, southern Volusia County,and northern Osceola County. Stuart-Port St. Lucie—includes all of Martin Countyand southern St. Lucie County.

GEORGIA

Augusta—includes Burke, Columbia, and Richmond counties.

ILLINOIS

Chicago—includes all of Cook and DuPage counties and a portion of Lake County.Elgin—includes northern Kane County and southern McHenry County.Rockford—includes Winnebago, Boone, and Stephenson counties.Southern Illinois—includes lower portion of Illinois below Carlinville.

INDIANA

South Bend—includes St. Joseph and Elkhart counties.

KANSAS

Kansas City—includes Johnson and Wyandotte counties. For a total of the KansasCity metropolitan area, include Missouri portion.


Wichita — includes Sedgwick County and towns of Salina, Dodge City, Great Bend,Liberal, Russell, and Hays.

KENTUCKY

Lexington—includes Fayette, Bourbon, Scott, Clark, Woodford, Madison, Pulaskiand Jessamine counties.

LOUSIANA

Alexandria—includes towns in Allen, Grant, Rapides and Vernon parishes.Baton Rouge — includes E. Baton Rouge, Ascension, Livingston, St. Landry,

Iberville, Pointe Coupee, and W. Baton Rouge parishes.South Central—includes Abbeville, Lafayette, New Iberia, Crowley, Opelousas,

Houma, Morgan City, Thibodaux, and Franklin.

MAINE

Southern Maine—includes York, Cumberland, and Sagadahoc counties.

MASSACHUSETTS

Andover—includes Andover, N. Andover, Boxford, Lawrence, Methuen, Tewks-bury, and Dracut.

Boston Metropolitan region — Brockton-South Central includes Avon, Bridgewa-ter, Brockton, Canton, East Bridgewater, Easton, Foxborough, Halifax, Randolph,Sharon, Stoughton, West Bridgewater, Whitman, and Wrentham. Framingham areaincludes Acton, Bellingham, Boxborough, Framingham, Franklin, Holliston, Hop-kinton, Hudson, Marlborough, Maynard, Medfield, Medway, Milford, Millis, South-borough, and Stow. Northeast includes Chelsea, Everett, Maiden, Medford, Revere,and Winthrop. North Central includes Arlington, Belmont, Cambridge, Somerville,Waltham, and Watertown. Northwest includes Bedford, Burlington, Carlisle, Concord,Lexington, Lincoln, Melrose, North Reading, Reading, Stoneham, Wakefield, Wilm-ington, Winchester, and Woburn. North Shore includes Lynn, Saugus, Nahant,Swampscott, Lynnfield, Peabody, Salem, Marblehead, Beverly, Danvers, Middleton,Wenham, Topsfield, Hamilton, Manchester, Ipswich, Essex, Gloucester, and Rockport.Near West includes Ashland, Dedham, Dover, Natick, Needham, Norfolk, Norwood,Sherborn, Sudbury, Walpole, Wayland, Wellesley, Weston, and Westwood. Southeastincludes Abington, Braintree, Cohasset, Duxbury, Hanover, Hanson, Hingham, Hol-brook, Hull, Kingston, Marshfield, Milton, Norwell, Pembroke, Quincy, Rockland, Sc-ituate, and Weymouth.

New Bedford—includes New Bedford, Dartmouth, Fairhaven, and Mattapoisett.Springfield—includes Springfield, Longmeadow, E. Longmeadow, Hampden,

Wilbraham, Agawam and W. Springfield.


MICHIGAN

Mt. Pleasant—includes towns in Isabella, Mecosta, Gladwin. and Gratiot counties.

MISSOURI

Kansas City—For a total of the Kansas City metropolitan area, include the Kansasportion.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Laconia—includes Laconia, Plymouth, Meredith, Conway, and Franklin.

NEW JERSEY

Cherry Hill-Southern N.J.—includes Camden, Burlington, and Gloucester coun-ties.

Essex County-East Essex—includes Belleville, Bloomfield, East Orange, Irving-ton, Newark, and Nutley in Essex County, and Kearney in Hudson County. NorthEssex includes Caldwell, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Fairfield, Glen Ridge, Montclair,North Caldwell, Roseland, Verona and West Caldwell. South Essex includes Maple-wood, Millburn, Short Hills, and South Orange in Essex County, and Springfield inUnion County.

Middlesex County—includes in Somerset County: Kendall Park, Somerset, andFranklin; in Mercer County: Hightstown; and all of Middlesex County.

Northeastern N.J. — includes Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Middlesex, Morris, Passaic,Somerset, Union, Hunterdon, Sussex, Monmouth, and Ocean counties.

North Hudson County—includes Guttenberg, Hudson Heights, North Bergen,North Hudson, Secaucus, Union City, Weehawken, West New York, and Woodcliff.

Somerset County—includes most of Somerset County and a portion of Hunter-don County.

Trenton—includes most of Mercer County.Union County—includes all of Union County except Springfield. Also includes a

few towns in adjacent areas of Somerset and Middlesex counties.Vineland — includes most of Cumberland County and towns in neighboring coun-

ties adjacent to Vineland.

NEW YORK

Elmira—includes Chemung, Tioga, and Schuyler counties.Glens Falls—includes Warren and Washington counties, lower Essex County, and

upper Saratoga County.Kingston—includes eastern half of Ulster County.New York Metropolitan area—includes the five boroughs of New York City,

Westchester, Nassau and Suffolk counties. For a total Jewish population of the New


York metropolitan region, include Fairfield County, Connecticut; Rockland, Putnamand Orange counties, New York; and Northeastern New Jersey.

Syracuse—includes Onondaga County, western Madison County, and most of Os-wego County.

Utica — southeastern third of Oneida County.

NORTH CAROLINA

Asheville—includes Buncombe, Hay wood, and Madison counties.Charlotte—includes Mecklenburg County. For a total of the Charlotte area, include

Rock Hill, South Carolina.

Cincinnati—includes Hamilton and Butler counties. For total of the Cincinnatiarea, include the Covington- Newport area of Kentucky.

Cleveland — includes all of Cuyahoga County, and portions of Lake, Geauga,Portage, and Summit counties. For metropolitan total, include Elyria, Lorain, andAkron.

Toledo—includes Fulton, Lucas, and Wood counties.Youngstown—includes Mahoning and Trumbull counties.

PENNSYLVANIA

Philadelphia—For total Jewish population of the Philadelphia metropolitan region,include the Cherry Hill-Southern, N.J., Princeton, and Trenton areas of New Jersey,and the Wilmington and Newark areas of Delaware.

Pittsburgh—includes all of Allegheny County and adjacent portions of Washing-ton, Westmoreland, and Beaver counties.

Sunbury—includes Shamokin, Lewisburg, Milton, Selinsgrove, and Sunbury.Wilkes-Barre — includes all of Luzerne County except southern portion, which is

included in the Hazleton total.

SOUTH CAROLINA

Sumter—includes towns in Sumter, Lee, Clarendon, and Williamsburg counties.

TEXAS

Amarillo — includes Canyon, Childress, Borger, Dumas, Memphis, Pampa, Vega,and Hereford in Texas, and Portales, New Mexico.

Houston—includes Harris, Montgomery, and Fort Bend counties, and parts ofBrazoria and Galveston counties.


McAllen—includes Edinburg, Harlingen, McAllen, Mission, Pharr, Rio GrandeCity, San Juan, and Weslaco.

Waco—includes McLennan, Coryell, Bell, Falls, Hamilton, and Hill counties.

VIRGINIA

Fredericksburg—includes towns in Spotsylvania, Stafford, King George, and Or-ange counties

Newport News—includes Newport News, Hampton, Williamsburg, James City,York County, and Poquoson City.

Richmond—includes Richmond City, Henrico County, and Chesterfield County.Staunton—includes towns in Augusta, Page, Shenandoah, Rockingham, Bath, and

Highland counties.Winchester—includes towns in Winchester, Frederick, Clarke, and Warren coun-

ties.

WASHINGTON

Seattle—includes King County and adjacent portions of Snohomish and Kitsapcounties.

Tri Cities — includes Pasco, Richland, and Kennewick.WisconsinMilwaukee—includes Milwaukee County, eastern Waukesha County, and southern

Ozaukee County.Wausau—includes Stevens Point, Marshfield, Antigo, and Rhinelander.


T A B L E 4 . ESTIMATED AMERICAN JEWISH POPULATION DURING THE 20TH

CENTURY

Year Total U.S. New York City C M S A *

1900 1,058,000 552,0001910 2,044,000 955,0001920 3,602,000 1,818,0001930 4,228,000 2,070,0001940 4,770,000 2,311,0001950 5,000,000 2,591,0001960 5,531,000 2,731,0001970 5,870,000 2,742,0001980 5,800,000 2,419,0001990 5,981,000 2,157,0002000 6,136,000 1,978,000

•Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. The New York metropolitan region (CMSA)includes the city, six counties in New York State outside the city, 13 counties in northeast-ern New Jersey, and one in Connecticut.

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