Jeopardy MendelVocabularyMendelian Genetics Problems Extensions to Mendel problems Pedigrees 20 40...
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Transcript of Jeopardy MendelVocabularyMendelian Genetics Problems Extensions to Mendel problems Pedigrees 20 40...
JeopardyMendel Vocabulary Mendelian
Genetics Problems
Extensions to Mendel problems
Pedigrees
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What country was Mendel from & What was his occupation?
Austria, Augustinian monk
What type of organisms did Mendel experiment on? How
many traits did he look at?Pea plants, 7
What did Mendel name his (a) parents, (b) children, and (c)
grandchildren?
a) P b) F1 c) F2
What was the difference between Mendel’s first and second set of
experiments?1st experiment he only observed 1 trait. 2nd experiment he observed
2 traits.
Describe Mendel’s experimental protocol.Cross fertilized truebreds
exhibiting opposite traits to produce an F1 generation. Then, allowed F1 hybrids to self-fertilize
to produce an F2 generation.
What is the difference between heterozygous & homozygous?
Hetero: 2 different alleles (Hh)Homozygous: Same alleles (HH or hh)
What is the difference between a gene & allele?
A gene is a segment of alleles that codes for a particular trait. An allele is the option within that gene. 2 alleles are inherited for
every trait, 1 from mom and 1 from dad.
What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?
Phenotype: Expressed trait (physical appearance)
Genotype: Combination of alleles that specifies a particular trait (Gg)
What does polygenic mean?
2 or more genes code for a particular trait
What is pleiotropy?
1 genes codes (affects) many traits. i.e. sickle cell anemia
What percentage of the offspring would you expect to be tall if you crossed a homozygous tall plant
with a short plant? (Tall is dominant)
100% tall
What percentage of the offspring would you expect to be tall if you crossed a heterozygous tall plant with a heterozygous tall plant?
(Tall is dominant)
75% tall
If the chance of having a boy is 50% (or ½), what is the chance of
having 2 boys?
½ X ½ = ¼ (25%) chance
What percentage of the offspring would you expect to be tall &
yellow if you crossed a pure tall and pure yellow plant with a short
and green plant? (Tall is dominant; yellow is
dominant)
100% tall and yellow
What percentage of the offspring would you expect to be tall &
yellow if you crossed a Heterozygous tall and yellow plant with a short and green
plant? (Tall is dominant; yellow is
dominant)25% tall and yellow
Hair texture in humans shows incomplete dominance. The H allele is for curly, and h is for
straight. An Hh person has wavy hair. What percentage of the offspring would you expect to
have wavy hair if you crossed a Wavy haired female with a
Straight haired male?
50% Hh (wavy hair)
Name 3 polygenic traits in humans.Eye color
HeightSkin color
Colorblindness is x-linked recessive. Cross a color-blind
male with a female carrier. What are the chances that a son will be
colorblind?
50% boys will be colorblind
Can a person with AB blood and a person with O blood have a child
with type O blood?
No! AB x O= 50% heterozygous A and 50% heterozygou B
Can a person heterozygous for type A blood and a person
heterozygous for type B blood have 3 kids each with a different
type of blood?
What is a pedigree?
Chart showing traits passed through generations
How can you tell if the shading on a pedigree is for a dominant or
recessive trait?
Dominant never skips a generation
What is the genotype of II-3?(Use the letter A)
Aa
What is the genotype of II-4?(Use the letter A)
A?
Why is it difficult to create a pedigree for something like heart
disease or cancer?Remember, genetics is heavily
affected by environment. Especially for these two diseases, environmental factors affect the
risks of both.
Final Question:
State how sex is determined in:
HumansFruit Flies
Bees
Final Question:
State how sex is determined in:
Humans – xx female / xy male
Fruit Flies – xx female / xy male
Bees – 32 female / 16 male