[Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera

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JENNIFER VU HUONGEMAIL: [email protected] IN BUSINESS INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT

Product and Process Engineering

WHAT?

What´s next

CAMERA

QFD 2

1 Introduction

3 Functional analyses and constraints

CONTENTS

5 Select the manufacturing process

4 Morphological Matrix

6 Conclusion

Our team has been charged with designing a new and great compact Our team has been charged with designing a new and great compact camera based on COOPLIX P90camera based on COOPLIX P90

Introduction (Project overview)

QFD 2

1 Introduction


CONTENTS



6 Conclusion

QFD (Quality function deployment) “Objective”

To understand what customers needs

How to achieve it from an engineering’s perspective

QFD - House of Quality

Relationshipmatrix

(2)How to satisfycustomer needs

(engineering requirements)

Interrelationships(between 1 & 2)

(4)C

om

pet

itiv

e as

sess

men

t

Technicalevaluation

Target values

(1)What the customer

needs

Customer Customer importance importance

ratingsratings

Weighted Weighted ratingrating

Customers’ needs “who are the customers”

Customers’ needs“What customers look for”

Selection criteria What type of photo I going to take? Does the size of the camera matter to me? What do I do with the pictures?

What do you have to look out when you are shopping for a digital camera? More megapixels, more cropping flexibility Optical vs. digital zoom LCD Image Storage

How do you shop for a digital camera?

• Resolution (pixels, imaging sizing selection)

• Image sensor type

• Media storage type

• Shutter speed range

• Optical and digital zoom

• Recording mode

• Len

• Camera size

• LCD size

• Self Timer, flash light, nightshot ability

• Red eye reduction capability, special effects

Customers’ needs“What customers look for”

CustomerCustomerimportanceimportance

ratingrating(10 = highest)(10 = highest)

What the customer What the customer needsneeds

What the Customer

WantsPortable 9,0Easy to use 10,0

Able to take great pictures 8,0

Quick 7,0Easy to hold steady 6,0

Able to store several pictures 7,0Cheap 8,0Fashionable 5,0Reliable 9,0Easy to manufacture 6,0

Who, what

10 factors


What the Customer

Wants

How to SatisfyCustomer Wants


Electricity requirement

Size

Focus

Exposure

Ergonomic design

Digital zoom lens

Battery

Memory

Time to start

Resolution

Lead time

Shape

Color

Materials

14 requirements


What the Customer

Wants

RelationshipMatrix


Relationship matrixRelationship matrix

Hows Whats

Engineer Requirements 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Portable (Light, small)

Easy to use Able to take great pictures

Quick

Easy to hold steady Able to store several pictures

Cheap

Fashionable

Realiable

Easy to manufacture


Example “Engineer requirement and customers’ needs”

Customers’ need Easy to use

Electricity requirement Weak relationship ▲

Size

Focus Strong relationship

Exposure Strong relationship

Ergonomic design Moderate relationship

Digital zoom lens Strong relationship

Battery

Memory

Time to start Weak relationship ▲

Resolution

Lead time

Shape

Color

Materials

Engineer requirements

Θ

Θ

Θ

Ο

What the Customer

Wants

RelationshipMatrix


Relationship matrixRelationship matrix

Hows Whats

Engineer Requirements 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Portable (Light, small) ▲ Θ ▲ ▲ ▲ Ο Θ

Easy to use ▲ Θ Θ Ο Θ ▲ Able to take great pictures

Θ Θ Θ ▲ Θ

Quick ▲ ▲ ▲ Θ ▲

Easy to hold steady Θ Ο Able to store several pictures

Θ ▲

Cheap ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ Θ Θ Ο

Fashionable ▲ Ο Θ ▲

Realiable Ο Ο Ο Ο

Easy to manufacture ▲ ▲ Θ Ο ▲


What the Customer

Wants

RelationshipMatrix


Interrelationships

An

alys

is o

fC

om

pet

ito

rs

Relationships between the things we can doRelationships between the things we can do

How hows


How well do competing How well do competing products meet customer products meet customer wantswants

What the CustomerWants Relationship

Matrix


Interrelationships

An

alys

is o

fC

om

pet

ito

rs

Now


How well How well do do competing competing products products meet meet customer customer wantswants

What the Customer

WantsRelationship

Matrix


Interrelationships

An

alys

is o

fC

om

pet

ito

rs Now


Canon EOS 650D

Sony Alpha DSLR-A100

Nikon Coolpix L120

Olympus SP-550UZ

Panasonic FZ35

Nikon Coolpix P90(me)

4 3 3 5 4 4

3 5 3 3 3 3

5 4 5 4 5 5

3 5 3 3 3 3

5 4 5 4 5 5

3 5 3 3 3 3

5 4 5 4 5 5

3 5 3 3 3 3

5 4 5 4 5 5

3 5 3 3 3 3

Nikon Nikon Cooplix Cooplix L120 is a L120 is a very very competitive competitive cameracamera

What the Customer

WantsRelationship

Matrix


Interrelationships

An

alys

is o

fC

om

pet

ito

rs Now


What the Customer

Wants

RelationshipMatrix

TechnicalAttributes and

Evaluation


Interrelationships

An

alys

is o

fC

om

pet

ito

rs


Electricity requirement

Resolution

Low(0.5A)

16MP

7

3

Focus

Cost

Auto focus(2’ to ∞)

500USD

7

3

What the Customer

Wants

RelationshipMatrix

TechnicalAttributes and

Evaluation


Interrelationships

An

alys

is o

fC

om

pet

ito

rs


Completed House of QualityCompleted House of Quality


QFD 2

1 Introduction


CONTENTS



6 Conclusion

Function analysis

To breakdown big functions into smaller basic subfunctions to: Capture all functional goals Fully understanding of customer needs to

elaborate the requirements To look for physical solutions Identify system boundaries Increase the potential for new combination

Function analysis

Function analysis - completed

Functional requirements and constraints

Otto y Wood, 2001 Suh, 2001


-2.0 and 2.0VIn increments of 1/3EV

4m (13ft) for angle position2.2m (7ft) for telephoto position

0.5 to 8.0m for wide1.7 to 5.0m for tele

Maximum 10sMinimum 2s 16MP

25 pictures1.4frames per second


Adjust 24 languages25 time zones


32 GB external47 MB internal

Up to 16 thumbnails display

Up to 10x Minimum size160x120

Minimum size160x120

QFD 2

1 Introduction


CONTENTS



6 Conclusion

Morphological Matrix

Morphological MatrixSearch for physical solutions

Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3 Solution 4

Switch on/off Press the button Switch the button Swipe the screen


Solution 1 Solution 2

Shoot pictures Press the button Press button on the screen

Functions

Physical solutions


Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3

Extract pictures/videos Connect devices by cable Use Wifi, bluetooth Use applications

Functions

Physical solutions



Switch on/off Rotate the mode dial Press button Switch button Touch screen

Change mode Rotate the mode dial Press button on the body of camera

Select from the list on the screen

Shoot pictures Press button on the body of camera

Press button on the screen

Set up issues Press menu button on the body


Zoom in/out Rotate the mode dial Select the number Touch on the screen

Adjust date/time Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button

Type the numbers Move the zoom level

Digital zoom Rotate the mode dial Assembly the lens

Connect devices Insert cable Use Wifi, Bluetooth Use applications

Others Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button


Concept

Physical solutions

Functions

Morphological MatrixCombine solution to embody physical concept














Others Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button


Concept















Others Press button Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button

Concept













Connect devices Insert cable Insert cable Use Wifi, Bluetooth Use applications

Others Press button Press button Rotate the mode dial Press Up and down button

Concept


Morphological MatrixEliminate infeasible solutions

QFD 2

1 Introduction


CONTENTS



6 Conclusion

Select the manufacturing process

QFD 2

1 Introduction


CONTENTS



6 Conclusion

Conlusion

Portable

Easy to use with Android OS

Great pictures 16MP

Reference

http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5460020_camera-manufacturing-process.html

Lectures of Prof.Ines Manual P90 Internet

Anppedix

Design The camera manufacturing process begins with its design. A designer starts the process by creating an electronic "sketch" using CAD

(computer aided design) software. Here, the cameras parts and inner workings are drawn. During this time, the designer decides the components of the camera: electronics, materials, mechanics, and other features like how the camera interfaces with lenses and other attachments (e.g. flash units, light meters, etc.).

Once the design is complete, it is tested in a computer simulation environment. Here the design is checked against the original concept and marketing goals. If the design passes the test, it can then be pushed to prototype production

Prototype and Testing After the camera has been approved for prototyping, a test camera is produced. The purpose of prototyping is to check performance

capabilities and prepare the camera for mass production. The camera is taken through a series of tests both in the lab and outside the lab. The tests consists of general use, special features, and stress tests (case durability, lifetime, etc.). If the prototype is selected for mass production, a team of engineers take the CAD file used in the design process and begin to develop the necessary tools and processes for building the camera. Here, the engineers look at how to make the components of the camera, how it will be pieced together, and what (if any) manpower is required. This process is usually aided by another piece of software called CAM (computer aided manufacturing). If any other components do not fit with the camera (e.g. lenses, flash units, etc.), the combination of the CAD and CAM software can help to design the equipment to fit perfectly with the new design.

Manufacturing Once the prototype has been tested and approved, it can be moved to mass production. First, the chassis or casing for the camera is created. The material used to create the casing is usually a form of polycarbonate plastic that is

extremely durable. The casing itself is produced through a process known as injection molding. A mold is filled with a liquid version of the material and heated until it hardens. Once it's removed from the shell, the cameras edges are trimmed and smoothed to fit together evenly. The case is then sent forward in the production sequence, serving as the base for the rest of the components.

Next, the shutter assembly and film transport system are created. While this system is mainly mechanical, it does harness an electronic chip to verify the film speed. In addition, the shutter is constructed using brand specific materials. Because the speed/accuracy of the shutter determines photo quality, these materials are kept secret.

After the shutter is added, the viewfinder is added. This is where the photographer looks into the camera to line up their shot. This piece is usually composed of glass, plastic, or a combination of the two. To increase visibility inside of the viewfinder, a small reflective mirror is added to increase light. This supports the photographer's eyesight when setting up the shot. On traditional cameras, once this piece is added, the camera casing is sealed and production is complete.

On modern devices, the last piece of equipment added to the camera is the LCD screen and electronics. This piece of the camera is used to display the lens image (the picture being taken), information about the photo (e.g. shutter speed, light settings, and frequency). The screen is made up of a thin sheet of glass and liquid crystals. A series of LEDs (light emitting diodes) cause the crystals to light up and show the image.

After this piece is added, the camera is finished. To complete the process, the camera is packaged and shipped to re


• Search for solution principles to fulfill sub-functions

Identify as many solutions for each sub-function and auxiliary functions as possible

• Combine solutions to embody physical concepts

Use morphological matrix to identify combinations of solutions

Each combination of solutions will fulfill overall function

• Use expertise and heuristics to eliminate infeasible solution combinations


[Jennifer vu huong]Product and process Engineering- New Design for a camera

Engineering

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