Jennet

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S.V.M.S “LUCIANO MOTORONI”

SEMINARSKI RAD

PREDMET:INFORMATIKA

TEMA:VRSTE I TIPOVI

RACUNARA

MENTOR:

UCENICI:

ELDIT SAITI DZENETA

OSMANI

INFORMATIKA PRIZREN 2014

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SALHIDA

DEMIROVCI

ENISA MUSTAFI


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UVODRačua!" #u $a%"& '()& "*+!%a+a)u *a,a-'& "" "*!ačua+a)a a (#(+u #'u/a

u/u-#-a+a "" /!(!a$a. P!+" &&'-!(#'" !ačua!" #u /!("*+&,&" č&-!,&-" (,"a

+&'a " 3"" #u (!($& $a%"& *a č")& #u '(!"%&)& 3"" /(-!&3" -"$(+" )u,". U

/(!&5&)u #a -"$ !a"$ $(,&"$a6 ,aa%)" !ačua!" #u *a/a)u)u". N& #a$( ,a #u")a,a$a /u-a 3!7"6 +& $(u ,a #-au a #-(6 u '!"( "" ča' u ,7&/.

O#(+u !a,a !ačua!a č"" "-&!a'8")a "*$&5u a!,+&!a " #(9-+&!a. Ha!,+&!

/!&,#-a+)a)u ,&(+" !ačua!a '()& $(7&-& ,a +","-& " ,(,"!&-&6 u')uču)u" 'u"%-& "

#+& uu-a! )&a. Na)+a7")" ,&( a!,+&!a )& $a" /!a+(ua(" č"/ uu-a! !ačua!a

'()" #& a*"+a 8&-!a" /!(8(! CPU; "" $"'!(/!(8(!. T( )&

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1. ENIAC

ENIAC E&8-!("8 Nu$&!"8a I-&!a-(! a, C($/u-&! @ E&'-!(#'" u$&!"č'"

"-&!a-(! " !ačua!; )& /!("*+&,& 14B. (,"& " 3"( )& /!+" &&'-!(#'" !ačua! *a

(/%-u u/(-!&3u. "( )& a/!a+)& *a +()#'u SAD " #u7"( )& *a "*!ačua+a)& /u-a)a

a!-")&!")#'" !aa-a. ENIAC )& *"č'" 3"( (!($a " -&7"( )& +"%& (, 2.000 '"(!a$a

" "#/u)a+a( )& +&"'u #(3u. Za (3!a,u /(,a-'a ENIAC )& '(!"#-"( ('( 1.000

+a'uu$#'" 8&+" +&"č"& $a& #")a"8&. S")a"8& #u a'( /!&(!&+a& " &/!-a( #u

#& $(!a& *a$&)"+a-".

SL.1.0 ENIAC

2 PCLICNI RACUNARI;Račua!" #& !a*"'u)u /( +&"č"" " $(u(#-"$a. Na )&,($ '!a)u #'a& #& aa*&

#u/&!!ačua!"6 +&"'" !ačua!" #a ")a,a$a /(+&*a" $"'!(/(!8(!a '()" "*+!%a+a)u

+&($a #(7&a "*!ačua+a)a. Na ,!u($ '!a)u #u $a" !ačua!" u!a5&" u

au-($(3"&6 TV u!&5a)&6 #-&!&( #"#-&$&6 'a'ua-(!& " u!&5a)&. O" #u a/!a+)&" *a

"*+!%a+a)& (!a"č&( 3!()a *a,a-a'a. *a)"!a ,a a u )&,($ -!&u-'u '(!"#-"

#a$( )&,a (#(3a. U (+($ (,&)'u #u (/"#a& !a*& +!#-& "č" !ačua!a: #-("

!ačua!"6 a/-(/ !ačua!"6 !uč" !ačua!" " -a3&- !ačua!".

2


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SL.1.1 PC

G STONI RACUNARI

S-(" !ačua!" #u a$&)&" *a u/(-!&3u a !a,($ #-(u "" #-(u. O" #u (3"č(

+&" " $(")" (, (#-a" +!#-a "č" !ačua!a. S-(" !ačua!" #u #a#-a+)&" (,

(,+()&" '($/(&-". O#(+a '($/(&-a *+aa #"#-&$#'a )&,""8a )& (3"č(

/!a+(ua(( 'u"%-& '()& #& aa*" a #-(u "" "#/(, )&a. O#-a& '($/(&-&6 'a(

%-( #u $("-(!6 $"% " -a#-a-u!a6 #u /(+&*a& #a #"#-&$#'($ )&,""8($.

SL.1.2 STONI RACUNARI

G


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4. LAPTOP RACUNARI

. La/-(/ !ačua!" $(u ,a !a,& a 3a-&!")&6 -a'( ,a " $(7&-& (#"-" #+u,a. Za

!a*"'u (, #-(" !ačua!a6 a/-(/ !ačua!" '($3"u)u CPU6 &'!a " -a#-a-u!u u

)&,($ 'u"%-u. Ka,a #& & '(!"#-&6 &'!a #& /!&'a/a /!&'( -a#-a-u!&.

SL.1.G LAPTOP RACUNARI

. RUCNI RACUNARI

Ruč" !ačua!"6 -a'(5& /(*a-" 'a( "č" ,""-a" /($("8" PDA@(+";6 #u $a"

!ačua!" #a a/a)a)&$ a 3a-&!")& '()& $(7&-& ,a (#"-& (-(+( #+u,a. Ia'( "#u

)a'" 'a( #-(" "" a/-(/ !ačua!"6 !uč" !ačua!" #u '(!"#" *a *a'a*"+a)& (3a+&*a6#'a,"%-&)& a,!a " 3!()&+a -&&9(a " "!a)& "a!a. N&'" "$a)u +"%& a/!&,"

(/8")a6 'a( %-( #u -&&9("!a)& "" /(+&*"+a)& #a I-&!&-($. U$-( -a#-a-u!a6

!uč" !ačua!" "$a)u &'!a& '()" !&au)u a ,(,"! /!#-a "" /"#a)'& aa-'& *a

/('a*"+a)& u (3"'u ((+'&;.

SL.1.4 RUCNI RACUNARI 4


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B. TALET RACUNARI

Ta3&- !ačua!" #u $(3"" !ačua!" #a '($3"a8")($ 9u'8")a a/-(/ " !uč"

!ačua!a. P(/u- a/-(/ !ačua!a6 (" #u )a'" " "$a)u u!a5& &'!a. Ka( " u #uča)u

!uč" !ačua!a6 u )" $(7&-& ,a *a/"#u)&-& 3&&%'& " ,a 8!-a-& #"'& a &'!au6

(3"č( /($(u -a3&- ((+'& u$-( /"#a)'&. Ta'(5& $(u ,a '(+&!-u)u +a%!u'(/"# u 'u8a" -&'#-. N&'" -a3&- !ačua!" #u

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S+&-#'a '($u"'a8"(a $!&7a (3"č( *+aa >&3 "" ?&3; )& "*u*&-( +&"'(

#'a,"%-& "9(!$a8")a. >&3 )& a)/(/ua!")" ,&( I-&!&-a6 ,&"$"č( *a-( %-( +&"u

"9(!$a8")a /!"'a*u)& u +"*u&( /!"+ač($ 9(!$a-u. Na )&,() >&3 #-!a"8"='()a )&

a"' #-!a"8" ča#(/"#a=a#(+"6 -&'#- " #"'& $(u #& '($3"(+a-" #a *+u'(+"$a "

a"$a8")($. >&3 ('a8")a )& *3"!'a $&5u#(3( /(+&*a" >&3 #-!a"8a. >&3 #a,!7"

$""(& >&3 ('a8")a " $"")a!,& >&3 #-!a"8a.

SL.2.0 >E

Su!9(+a)& >&3($ *ač" )&(+( "#-!a7"+a)&. Na >&3u $(7&-& ,a /!(a5&-&

"9(!$a8")& ( (-(+( #+a'() -&$" '()a #& $(7& *a$"#"-". Na /!"$&!6 $(7&-& ,a č"-a-&

+-" " $#'& '!"-"'&6 /!(+&!a+a-& !a#/(!&,& a+"(#'" &-(+a6 /(&,a-& /a(+&

!a,(+a6 #a*a-& +!&$&#'u /!((*u *a #+() !a, "" ,a "#/"-a-& *,!a+#-+&(

#-a)&. V&"a '($/a")a6 +a,"" a&8")a6 $u*&)a " 3"3"(-&'a "$a >&3 ('a8")& #a

"9(!$a8")a$a ( #+()"$ /!("*+(,"$a6 u#ua$a "" *3"!'a$a. R&9&!&-" "*+(!"6 /(/u-

!&č"'a " &8"'(/&,")a6 #u -a'(5& +&($a ,(#-u/".

>&3 -a'(5& /!&,#-a+)a !a) *a )u3"-&)& 'u/(+"&. Na >&3 ('a8")a$a +&"'"

/!(,a+a8a $(7&-& ,a /!&&,a-& " 'u/"-& /!("*+(,& = ')"&6 $u*"'u6 "!ač'&6


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(,&u6 &&'-!("'u " )(% $(( -(a=. Ta'(5& $(7&-& ,a 'u/u)&-& " /!(,a)&-&

'(!"%&& /!&,$&-& a au'8")#'"$ >&3 ('a8")a$a. .

,

B

. E@/(#-a

E@/(%-a #'!a&"8a *a &&'-!(#'u /(%-u; )& /!a'-"ča ač" '($u"'a8")& #a

,!u"$a. E@/(!u'a '()u %a)&-& (-(+( -!&u-( #-"7& u /!")&$( /(%-a#'( #a,uč&

/!"$a(8a &@/(%-&. M(7&-& #a-" &@/(!u'& a $(( a,!a "#-(+!&$&(6 a $(7&-& "

#aču+a-"6 (,%-a$/a-" " /!(#&,"-" &@/(%-u ,!u"$a. U ('+"!u &@/(!u'& $(7&-& #a-"

(-(+( #+& -"/(+& ,a-(-&'a6 u')uču)u" ,('u$&-&6 #"'& " $u*"č'& ,a-(-&'&. A *a

&@/(!u'u +a$ ")& /(-!&3a ča' " $a!'a P(&,a)-& (,&)a' P!+" '(!a8" #a

&@/(%-($.

SL.2.1 E@POSTA

. NEPOSREDNA RAZMENA PORUKA

N&/(#!&,a !a*$&a /(!u'a )& /(/u- !a*(+(!a #a ,!u($ (#(3($ "" !u/($ )u,"

u !&a($ +!&$&u. Ka,a (-'u8a-& " /(%a)&-& "-u /(!u'u6 (a )& (,$a +",)"+a

*a #+& /!"$a(8&. Za !a*"'u (, &@/(%-&6 #+" /!"$a(8" $(!a)u ,a 3u,u a $!&7"

/(+&*a" #a I-&!&-($; " ,a #& "#-(+!&$&( aa*& "#/!&, #+()" !ačua!a.K($u"8"!a)& /u-&$ &/(#!&,& !a*$&& /(!u'& #& a*"+a a#'a)&.


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S.2.2 VRSTE KOMUNIKACIJA

10. UPOTREA RACUNARA

A'( "$a-& ,""-a" 9(-(a/a!a-6 #"$'& $(7&-& ,a /!&3a8"-& a !ačua!. Ta,a $(7&-&

,a " (,%-a$/a-&6 '!&"!a-& /!()&'8")& #a),(+a6 ,a " ,&"-& #a ,!u"$a /u-&$

&@/(%-& "" ,a " (3)a+"-& a >&3 ('a8")". Da 3"#-& #a*a" +"%& ( -($& %-a $(7&-& ,a

u!a,"-& #a 9(-(!a)a$a6 /(&,a)-& (,&)a' Ra, #a ,""-a"$ #"'a$a.; Na !ačua!u

-a'(5& $(7&-& ,a #u%a-& $u*"'u6 /u-&$ u+(*a /!&3a8"+a)a a !ačua!; $u*"'&

#a au,"( CD@(+a "" 'u/(+"($ /a$a #a $u*"č'& >&3 ('a8")&. I" #& $(7&-&

/!"')uč"-" a &'u (, ")a,a !a,"( #-a"8a '()& &$"-u)u /!(!a$ a I-&!&-u. A'(

+a% !ačua! "$a DVD /&)&!6 $(7&-& ,a &,a-& $(+& Na !a#/(aa)u +a$ #-()&

")a,& !ačua!#'" "a!a "* #+a'& *a$"#"+& 'a-&(!")&. S&,"-& *a +(a -!'ač'(

au-($(3"a6 3(!"-& #& #a *a#-!a%u)u"$ #-+(!&)"$a u -a$"8" "" +a,a)-&8"+""*a8")a$a " 8a!#-+"$a M(& "!& +a$ ,(*+()a+a)u ,a #& -a'$"č"-& #a ,!u"$


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"!ač"$a %"!($ #+&-a /") SL.2.G PRORAM ZA

MUZIKU ,

SADRZAJ:

UVOD..................................................................................

...............1

ENIAC..................................................................................

...............2

PCLICNI

RACUNAR;...........................................................................

2

STONI

RACUNAR............................................................................

....G

LAPTOP

RACUNAR............................................................................

..4


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RUCNI

RACUNAR............................................................................

....4

TALETRACUNAR............................................................................

...

>E....................................................................................

................B

E@

/(#-a................................................................................................

NEPOSREDNA RAZMENA

PORUKA......................................................

UPOTREA

RACUNARA.......................................................................

ZAKLJUCAK..........................................................................................

LITERATURA.........................................................................

..............


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11. ZAKLJUCAK P(#-()& &'("'( +!#-& !a8ua!a '()& ,&"$( /( a8"u

u/(-!&3&6 /( #-a!(#-" " /( +&"8"".....................

LITERATURA:

VRSTE I TIPOVI RACUNARA......OOLE D


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