Jenis Jenis Texts

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JENIS-JENIS TEKS

Jenis teks Tujuan teks

1. Recount : TO RETELL THE READERS

2. Procedure : TO TELL THE STEPS HOW TO

3. Narrative : TO ENTERTAINT THE READERS

4. Report : TO DESCRIBE SOMETHING/PERSON/PLACE COMMONLY

5. Greeting Card : TO CONGRATULATE SOMEONE

6. Short Message/letter : TO INFORM SOMEONE

7. Invitation : TO INVITE SOMEONE/PEOPLE

8. Caution/Announcement : TO ANNOUNCE INFORMATION FOR PUBLIC

9. Advertisement : TO GIVE INFORMATION FOR PUBLIC

Cara-cara mengenal jenis teks

Narrative

- Once upon a time, long time ago, There was, one day,...

Recount

- Last week, Last year, Two weeks ago, a year ago,

Procedure

- How to , materials, steps...

1.RECOUNT

Recount Tujuan komunikatif: Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan dengan tujuanmemberitakan atau menghibur. Struktur teks: * Pendahuluan (orientasi), yaitu memberikan

informasi tentang apa, siapa, di mana dan kapan; * Laporan (rentetan) peristiwa, kegiatan yang

terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan secara berurut

Contoh:

Class Picnic

Last Friday our school went to Centennial Park for a picnic

First our teachers marked the rolls and the we got on the buses. On the buses, everyone waschatting and eating. When we arrived at the park, some students played cricket, some played

cards but others went for a walk with the teachers. At lunchtime, we sat together and had our

picnic. Finally, at two oclock we left for school.

We had a great day.


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2.PROCEDURE

Procedure, the communicative purpose is to tell the steps of making or doing something. (Tujuankomunikatif nya: memberi petunjuk cara melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian tindakan atau

langkah.)

Generic Structure:

Goal/AimMaterials/ToolsSteps/Methods

Language Features of Procedure text :Imperative form:

ex: Cut, Pour, Dont mix, dsb.

Action verbs:

ex : first, second, turn, put, dont, mix, dsb.

connectives (untuk mengurutkan kegiatan):

ex: then, while, dsb.

Adverbials (untuk menyatakan rinci waktu, tempat, cara yang akurat):

ex: for five minutes, two centimetres from the top, dsb.

Contoh:

SESAME DROP BISCUITS

Ingredients/Materials:

2 cups flour

1 teaspoons baking powder

reaspoon each baking soda and salt

Butter or margarine

2 tablespoons sesame seed

1 cup buttermilk

Night Before:

In a large bowl stir together flour, baking powder, soda and salt.

2 knives or pastry blender cut in cup butter until particles are fine .

Stir in sesame seed.

Next Morning:

Add buttermilk to flour mixture and stir with a fork just until mixed.

Drop by tablespoons on greased cookies sheet.

Bake in preheated 450 degrees oven until light brown. 12 to 14 minutes.

Serve at once with butter.


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3.REPORT

Report Tujuan Komunikatif: Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagaihasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam,

lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala- gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat

berupa simpulan umum misalnya tentang rumah sederhana dengan mendekripsikan ciri-cirisubyek tersebut sehingga layak dikategorikan rumah sederhana, dsb.

Contoh:

Fax Machine

Fax, the short term for facsimile is a telecommunications technology used to transfer

copies (facsimiles) of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over thetelephone network. The word telefax, short for telefacsimile, for make a copy at a distance, is

also used as a synonym. The device is also known as a telecopier in certain industries. When

sending documents to people at large distances, faxes have a distinct advantage over postal mailin that the delivery is nearly instantenous, yet its disadvantages in quality and its proprietary

format have relegated it to a position beneath email as the prevailing form of electronic

document tranferral.

4.NARRATIVE

Tujuan Komunikatif Teks: Menghibur pendengar atau pembaca dengan pengalaman nyata atau

khayal. Ciri naratif adalah adanya unsur konflik (masalah) dan resolusi (penyelesaian masalah).

Jumlah masalah atau penyelesaiannya mungkin hanya satu, mungkin juga lebih. Struktur Teks:

* Pengenalan latar: tokoh, waktu, dan tempat: * Pengembangan konflik; * Penyelesaian konflik;* Koda: perubahan yang terjadi pada tokoh atau pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari cerita.

Contoh 1:

It was a warm day in March. I was very excited. The day had finally come. I was in the rowing

team for the Olympics. I got up very early and exercised as always. Then after breakfast I droveto Drummoyne. My team arrived and at last it was time to start.

Ready, set and the starting gun went off. We began in the third position and were slowly moving

closer. There they were. We could see the second boat and then we did it.

We moved past. My arms were aching. My whole body was sore but we all rowed harder.

The first boat was just in front I saw a dark shadow near the boat. I looked again. What was it? Iwas sure it was the shape of a cigar. Oh my God, I thought, I must be seeing things. A shark

in Parramata River? Impossible!

Just then I pulled my oar out of the water. Oh no, why only half? I thought. Then I knew. I

shouted to my team, Shark! Shark! and suddenly we forgot the race. We rowed faster than everback to shore. We made it. Phew, we were safe!

Contoh 2:

Long ago on the top of Mount Kinabalu in Borneo, there lived a dragon. He owned a large and

beautiful pearl. People believed that he controlled the weather with it.

The emperor of China heard this and wanted the pearl. He sent his two sons, Wee Ping and Wee

San to Borneo to steal it. The princes, together with one hundred soldiers, set sail for Borneo intwelve sailing junks.

When they arrived in Borneo, The set out immediately to find the famous mountain. Theirjourney up the rugged slopes of Mount Kinabalu proved very difficult. The dragon guarded his

cave very fiercely and killed many of their soldiers.


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Then Wee San had a clever idea. He climbed a tall tree, so he could see the dragons cave. He

noted what time the dragon left his cave to hunt for food and what time he returned to it.

Next he ordered his men to make a fake pearl and a large kite. He waited until the dragon left his

cave. Then he placed the fake pearl in a bag, slung it across his shoulder and flew up to the

mountain-top on the kite. He exchanged the real pearl for the fake one and then his brotherpulled his kite back to the ground.

The brothers quickly returned to their ships and set sail for China. They sailed safely home. Theemperor was thrilled with the pearl and gave a big party to celebrate his sons return.

5.DESCRIPTIVE

Tujuan Komunikatif : Struktur Teks: ciri-ciri seseorang, suatu benda atau tempat tertentu. *Pengenalan benda, orang atau sesuatu yang akan dideskripsikan. * Deskripsi: menggambarkan

ciri-ciri benda tersebut,misalnya berasal dari mana, warnanya, ukurannya, kesukaannya dsb.

Deskripsi ini hanya memberikan informasi mengenai benda atau orang tertentu yang sedangdibahas saja, misalnya deskripsi tentang My Dog. Ciri-ciri anjing saya tersebut dapat berbeda

dengan anjing yang lain.

DESCRIPTIVE

The Definition and Purpose of Descriptive TextDescriptive text is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and

reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text has structure as below:Identification; identifying the phenomenon to be described.

Description; describing the phenomenon in parts, qualities, or/and characteristics.

The Language Feature of Descriptive TextUsing attributive and identifying process.

Using adjective and classifiers in nominal group.

Using simple present tense

Contoh 1:

Borobudur Temple

Borobudur is HinduBudhist temple. It was build in the ninth century under Sailendra dynastyof ancient Mataram kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.

Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is influenced by the Gupta

architecture of India. The temple is constructed on a hill 46 m high and consists of eight stepslike stone terrace. The first five terrace are square and surrounded by walls adorned with Budist

sculpture in bas-relief. The upper three are circular. Each of them is with a circle of bell shape-

stupa. The entire edifices is crowned by a large stupa at the centre at the centre of the top circle.The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km of passage and starways. The design of

borobudur which symbolizes the structure of universe influences temples at Angkor, Cambodia.

Borobudur temple which is rededicated as an Indonesian monument in 1983 is a valuable

treasure for Indonesian people.

Analyzing the Text (Generic Structure Analysis):Identification; identifying the phenomenon to be described in general; Borobudur temple

Description; describing the Borobudur temple in parts; eight terraces of Borobudur temple and

its characteristics


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Language Feature AnalysisUsing adjective and classifiers; valuable

Using simple present tense; Borobudur is well-known,The temple is constructed, etc

Contoh 2:

The Ambarawa Train Museum houses 21 antique locomotives plus two more, which arestored in the depot. These locomotives are no longer produced; even the factories that made them

no longer exist. The main building of this museum is the defunct Ambarawa railway stationwhich was built in 1873. the station covers 127,500 m2.

The oldest in this museum is a locomotive made by Hartman Chemnitz. This locomotive,

with a length of 8.58 m and a width of 2.45 m, began its operation in 1891. Using wood as fuel,

the steam locomotive could run 50 km/hits maximum speed.

A special part of a visit to this museum is a trip by train from the Ambarawa Train

Museum to the defunct Bedono train station. This package tour is called Railway Mountain Tour.Why is the trip so special? Because the participants will board an antique train and the train will

travel on a 4.9 kilometer-cog railway, which is the only one in the world.

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