Jason electricity

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By:Jason Electricity Chapter 37-42

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physics electricity

Transcript of Jason electricity

Page 1: Jason electricity

By:Jason

ElectricityChapter 37-42

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Static electricity refers to the build-up of electric charge on the surface of objects. The static charges remain on an object until they either bleed off to ground or are quickly neutralized by a discharge. Static electricity can be contrasted with current (or dynamic) electricity, which can be delivered through wires as a power source.

Static Electricity

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There are two types of charges and they are unlike.

- Positive- Negative Positive can be refer as protons, negative will

be electrons.

Charges

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There are dangers when static electricity occur.

- Lightning- Refuelling (tyres are made of conducting

rubber which lets the charge harmlessly to ground on landing. Sparks occurred.)

- Computers (require anti-static conditions as they are vulnerable to electrostatic damage.)

Dangers of Static Electricity

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Photocopiers (A charged drum inside the machine, a blank paper is placed at the glass plate. A special toner is added to the machine so that a burst of light will copy the paper to black.)

Inkjet Printer (Computer will control the printer by commanding it. When ink is needed, it will be controlled by two plates. The first is positive and second is negative, it will be controlled by 2 plates.)

Uses of Electricity

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Electric Field is the region of space where an electric charge experiences a force.

Electric Field

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Electric current is a flow of electric charge through a medium. This charge is typically carried by moving electrons in a conductor such as wire. It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons in a plasma.

The SI unit for measuring the rate of flow of electric charge is the ampere, which is charge flowing through some surface at the rate of one coulomb per second. Electric current is measured using an ammeter.

Electric Current

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Heating (Bulb lights due to small wire in it being made white hot by the current.)

Magnetic (Plotting compass is deflected when it is placed in the magnetic field produced round any wire carrying a current.)

Chemical (Bubbles of gas are given off at the wires in the acid because of the chemical action of the current.)

Effects of a Current

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Circuit Diagrams

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Battery is said to have a potential difference at its terminals. Potential difference is measured in volts and the term voltage is sometimes used instead of p.d.

The source of energy in a electric circuit is the battery and it transfers to other forms of energy by devices in the circuit. The lam produces heat and light.

Potential Difference

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Electrons move more easily through some conductors than others when a p.d. is applied. The opposition of a conductor to current is called its resistance. A good conductor has a low resistance and a poor conductor has a high resistance.

Resistance is measured in Ohms.Conductors intended to have resistance are

called resistors.

Resistance

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A capacitor stores electric charge and is useful in many electronic circuits. It consists of two parallel metal plates separated by an insulator, called the dielectric.

There are 3 types of capacitor they are practical, polyester and electrolytic.

Capacitors

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In many circuits it is important to know the rate at which electrical energy is transferred into other forms of energy. The equation of power is

Electric Power

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Filament is a small coiled coil of tungsten wire. It becomes white hot when current flows through it. The higher the temperature of the filament the greater is the proportion of electrical energy transferred to light.

Fluorescent strips and Compact fluorescent lamps are energy saving lamps. They last up to eight times longer and use about 5 times less energy than filament lamps.

Electric Lighting

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Cookers, kettles and irons the ‘elements’ are made of Nichrome wire. It is an alloy of nickel and chromium which does not oxidize when the current makes it red hot.

Three heat switch ( sometimes used to control heating appliances. It has three settings and uses two identical elements.)

Fuses (a short length of wire of material with a low melting point, often tinned copper, which melts and breaks the circuit when the current through it exceeds a certain value. Without a fuse the wiring would become hot in these cases and could cause a fire.)

Electric Heating