Japan Returns to Isolation

Chapter 3Section 3

I. A New Feudalism Under Strong RulersA. Local Lords Rule

• 1. Civil war shattered the feudal system this sent Japan into chaos– 1467-1568 This time

period was called Sengoku, meaning ‘Warring States’

I. A New Feudalism Under Strong Rulers

• 2. Powerful Samurai seized control and offered peasants protection for loyalty– These samurai chieftains

were known as Daimyo, meaning ‘great name.’

A. Local Lords Under Strong Rulers

• 3. The Daimyo built castles and created small armies like the European feudal system

I. A New Feudalism Under Strong RulersB. New Leaders Restore Order

• 1. Oda Nubunaga– Brutal , ambitious leader who defeated his rivals

and took control of the capital city: Kyoto– His motto was, “Rule the empire by force.”

B. New Leaders Restore Order

• 2. He did not unify Japan and committed seppuku: ritual suicide after his general turned on him

B. New Leaders Restore Order

• 3. His best general, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, continued the mission.

• 4. Hideyoshi controlled most of Japan and tried to continue into Korea, but after he died, the troops were withdrawn.

I. A New Feudalism Under Strong RulersC. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan

• 1. Tokugawa Ieyasu unites Japan in 1600 • 2. Shogun’s held power until 1867

C. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan

• 3. Ieyasu tamed the Daimyo through his ‘alternate attendance policy’– They would spend alternate years living in the

capital while their families were held in Edo

.

II. Life in Tokugawa JapanA. Society in Tokugawa Japan

• 1. Japan had 250 years of prosperity under the Tokugawa Shoguns

• 2. Rank in society was as follows:– Emperor (figurehead)– Shogun (actual ruler)– Daimyo (landholding samurai)– Samurai warriors– Peasants– Merchants Japanese writing

meaning “prosperity”

II. Life in Tokugawa JapanA. Society in Tokugawa Japan

• 3. They followed the teaching of Confucius:– Agriculture is more valued than commerce– For this reason, peasants had high taxes and the

hardest life

A. Society in Tokugawa Japan

• 4. By the 1700s Japan was becoming an urban society as people moved into cities.

II. Life in Tokugawa JapanA. Society in Tokugawa Japan

• 5. Women were expected to– Work in the fields– Manage the household– Care for children– Obey their husband

II. Life in Tokugawa JapanB. Culture Under the Tokugawa

Shogunate• 1. Samurai would

attend ceremonial dramas called ‘noh.’– These were based on

tragic themes.

B. Culture Under the Tokugawa Shogunate

• 2. New Cultural styles began to take the place of traditional art:– Haiku poetry 5-7-5– Kabuki theater. This used

elaborate costumes, music and dance about modern life.

A Haiku I Made Up!

On a learning scaleThose who work hard will not fail

This is no tall tale

A Haiku Someone Else Made Up!

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