WannabeesJapan, Ottoman Empire, Russia

Samurai 1600’s

1800s

Explain the significance of this photo.

Let’s Go Back In Time…Tokugawa Period (1600-1868)

Himeji Castle: Built in 1600s

• ___________________

• Ruled by Shogun

• Capital City of Edo (Tokyo)

• Rigid Social Structure

• Belief Systems- Shintoism

- Zen Buddhism

- Prohibited Christianity

Centralized feudalism

What geographic features enabled Japan to pursue a policy of isolationism?What are some positives and negatives of the geography of Japan?

Geography of Japan

Japanese Social StructureEmperorShogun

Daimyo

Farmers

Artisans

Merchants

Samurai

1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry

“Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry

“Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

Shogun Out, Emperor in, Westerners Out!!

Japan Learns a Lesson!Japan Learns a Lesson!

In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…

The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.

Emergence of the Emperor

Over the next generation the whole society and its institutions were transformed to serve the needs of _____________.

The Shogunate was defeated and a new emperor named __________was proclaimed.

Emperor Mutsuhito, Meiji.

This period is known as the Meiji Restoration– Meiji meaning ______________.

Mutsuhito

enlightened rule

modernization

Changes During The Meiji Restoration

Abolished feudalism

Eliminated samurai armies

Reformed education

Created a centralized gov’t and encouraged loyalty to the emperorJapan's 1st Western-style constitution (1889), followed by the country's first elected Diet.

Adopted Western technology

Opened up trade (ended isolation)

Major Changes:

Meiji RestorationWestern ____________ was adopted which

allowed the Japanese to fully ______________ in less than 50 years. By the end of the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese no longer feared that they would be _____________. Rather, they set out to practice imperialism themselves to obtain power and ________ __________. Japan was quickly emerging as a world-class power using western technology and methods while still maintaining its ___________ _________ values.

Technology

Industrialize

imperialized

Natural resources

Traditional cultural

Background to Russian Industrialization

• Crimean War 1854-1854, Russia is _______________

Convinces the Czar it is time to ________

__________________ are emancipated in 1861.

Zemstvos-

humiliated

Change!!!

Serfs

Russia Rocks!!!

Russian IndustrializationSergei Witte-Russia built

railroads, textile mills,

Russian Industrial Rev. was limited because its lack of educated, independent artisans and entrepenuers

Trans-Siberian Railroad

Ottoman Empire: Tanzimat reformsTanzimat-

“____________________”attempts to

Westernize Ottoman Empire

Reforms attempted to move civil law away from the control of the religious elites & make military and bureaucracy more efficient

Reorganization

Mustafa Resid Pasha

Examples of change during the Tanzimat ReformsNo tax on non-MuslimsPublic trials and equal protection of the lawModernizing the military with new

technologyEqualized the eligibility of men for

conscription

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

The period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that lasted from 1839 to 1876 is known as the:

1. Tanzimat2. Era of Self-Strengthening3. New Birth4. Hatt-i Sharif

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

EXPLANATION:

The period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that lasted from 1839 to 1876 is known as the:

1. Tanzimat

In 1839, under pressure from imperial bureaucrats who had studied in Europe, the sultan issued a decree, called the Hatt-i Sharif of Gülhane, that attempted to reorganize the empire’s administration and military along European lines. This decree opened what became known as the Tanzimat (meaning reorganization) era of the Ottoman Empire, lasting from 1839 to 1876.

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

In 1894 Captain Alfred Dreyfus was foundguilty of:

1. passing secrets to the Germans2. embezzling funds from the French

army3. conducting unauthorized secret talks

with Russia4. crimes against humanity

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

In 1894 Captain Alfred Dreyfus was foundguilty of:

1. passing secrets to the Germans2. embezzling funds from the French

army3. conducting unauthorized secret talks

with Russia4. crimes against humanity

© 2006 Pearson Education, Inc.

The new Russian provincial and county councils organized in 1864 were known as:

1. zasus2. dumas3. zemstvos4. soviets

Compare & contrast the Russian Empire to Ottoman Empire.Both autocraticBoth had agricultural economiesBoth wanted to have Western style economic

development.

Who is Karl Marx?19th century philosopher who developed a

socialist theory with Friedrich Engles due to the conditions of the Industrial Revolution,

Believed capitalism was evilBourgoisie are always exploiting the

proletariat(poor)Influenced revolutions in Russia, China,

Vietnam. Korea