Jamestown/Virginia & Maryland
description
Transcript of Jamestown/Virginia & Maryland
Jamestown/Virginia
& Maryland
First English Attempts
• 1585/1587
–2 attempts at Roanoke Colony
–2nd – “Lost Colony”
Jamestown—1607
• Virginia Company• Joint stock company• Middle class investors included
• Shared speculation
Early Jamestown
• John Smith• Aristocrats – primogeniture• “Starving Time” (1609-1610)• Powhatan
–Pocahontas
Beginnings of prosperity
• John Rolfe – tobacco (1614)• Plantation system
–Headright system–Indentured servitude
Virginia changes
• House of Burgesses (1619)
• Royal colony (1624)
Maryland (1634)• Proprietary colony
–George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
• Act of Toleration (1649)
17th C Chesapeake Society
• Agricultural – few towns• Anglican church
–Few clergy• High death rates• Mostly men (at first)
–Weaker kinship bonds• Tidewater aristocracy control
Battles between Virginians
• Voting restrictions• Regressive taxation• Rich vs. poor• East (tidewater) vs. west (hills)
Bacon’s Rebellion-1676
• Causes–Frontier expansion–No frontier protection
–Rich vs. poor–Tidewater v. backcountry
Nathaniel Bacon
• Wealthy coastal planter• Raised army to fight Indians in
west w/o Berkeley’s consent• Army marched on Jamestown
Bacon’s Rebellion-1676
• Effects–Berkeley replaced–Tobacco export tax–Colonists realized reliance on world
mkt–More reliance on African labor