Jacek Krzywinski TTF FEL Performance FEL Physics...

TTF FEL Results

Jacek Krzywinski

• TTF FEL Performance

•FEL Physics Experiments

•FELIS (Free Electron Laser -Interaction with Solids

•|Cluster Experiment

TTF FEL Performance

Photon Beam Diagnostic TeamScientists:

Josef FeldhausChristofer Gerth

Ulrich HahnRasmus Ischebeck

Barbara SteegKai TiedkeRolf Treush

Engineers and Technicians:Lutz Bittner

Thorsten HansMathias HesseFini Jastrow

Michael MeschkatErnst Weiner

Saturation: from 80-120 nm

Tranverse coherence > 90%

Diffraction patterns from double and crossed slits

Variation of pulse length: 50 - 100 fs

variation via bunch compressor 1

Second harmonics spectra:

wavelength 48.5 nm

Demonstration of:

J. Krzywinski 1,2, A. Andrejczuk 1,3, U. Hahn 2, M. Kirm 4, A. Kauch 5,M. Jurek 1,2, J.B. Pelka 1, H. Reniewicz 3 ,W. Sobala 6, M. Sikora 7,

R. Sobierajski 2,8

1Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences,2HASYLAB at DESY, Germany,

3University of Bialystok, Poland,4Institut Für Eksperimentalphysik der Hamburg Universität

5Warsaw University,Poland6Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow,Poland

7University of Mining and Metallurgy8Warsaw University of Technology, Cracow, Poland

FELIS(Free Electron Laser-Interaction with Solids)

Experimental layout

TOF

Evaporation cell

CCD CameraLight source

VUV Detectors

VUVlaser beam

X,Y,Z,ϕsample manipulator

APhotocurrent

Experimental layout

VUV beam parameters

Pulse length 30-100 fsPulse energy 1- 30 uJWavelength 89-98 nmMinimum spot size 10 µm

Experimental results Example of ablation detected by TOF spectrometer (Si sample)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7-0.04

-0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

Time [µs]

TOF signal [V]

Si+

O+

H+

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Beam intensity [a.u.]

Normalized inte gral of MCP signal [a . u . ]

Experimental results Si+ ion emission threshold

0 2 4 6 8 100

2

4

6

8

10

Pulse energy [uJ]

Num

ber

of p

ulse

s max = 2.5uJmean = 1.2uJNpulses = 10

∆=2.5mmSi

0 2 4 6 8 100

2

4

6

8

10

Pulse energy [uJ]

Num

ber

of p

ulse


∆=1mmSi

0 2 4 6 8 100

2

4

6

8

10

Pulse energy [uJ]

Num

ber

of p

ulse

s max = 3.4uJmean = 1uJ

Npulses = 10

∆=0mm

Si

C+

3C+

4C+

5C+

6C+

7C+

8C+

9C+

10C+

11C+

12C+ 14C+15C+

Cluster emission from graphite surface

Graphitehv = 10.1 eV

fluence ~0.1 J/cm^2

Cluster emission from MgF2 surface

Surface modification

AFM results

V. Kuestner, S. Jacobi, GKSS

C-film (10nm) / Si-substrate

C-film (40-nm) / Si-substrate

Plasma creation• multiple ionisation

• maximum kinetic energy > 10 keV (C5+)

• non thermal ion energy distribution

0 2 4 6 8 100

2

4

6

8

10

Pulse energy [uJ]

Num

ber

of p

ulse


∆=0mm

FELIS Jan. 2002

scan20020119163300_/t0 /set mass/charge scale /versus/ Max of I0 peak[V][]

0 50 100 150 200

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09TOF -scan20020119163300_023.dat /cond._2/t0

Mass/charge [amu/e]

Voltage [V]

scan20020119163000_/t0 /set mass/charge scale /versus/ Integ. of I0mcp-sc[V*s][]

0 50 100 150 200-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08


Mass/charge [amu/e]

Voltage [V]


0 50 100 150 200

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08


Mass/charge [amu/e]

Voltage [V]


0 50 100 150 200

-0.01

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

TOF -scan20020119163700_037.dat /cond._2/t0

Mass/charge [amu/e]

Voltage [V]

Au+

Au+

Au+Au+

Au 2+

Au 2+

Au 2+

Au 2+

Au 3+

Au 3+

Au 3+

Au 3+

plasma results Au bulk

HPF=100 V HPF=200V

HPF=200V HPF=800V

First Results from theClusterexperiment at the TTF-FEL

• Motivation

• Experimental Set-Up

• Multi-Photon Ionisation

• Coulomb Explosion of Clusters

Peter GürtlerWiebke LaaschTim LaarmannJoachim SchulzAnja SwiderskiKlaus von HaeftenHubertus WabnitzThomas Möller

Idea of the experimentinteraction of intense soft x-rays with matter

which multi-photon processes are observed

• cross sections (surface, bulk)

• which ions are prepared (charge state, electronically excited states)

• life time of intermediate states

• high-order harmonicgeneration

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

0,0

0,2

0,4

single shot

average size of clustersN=300

7+6+

8+

5+

4+

Xe++

Xe3+

Xe+

inte

nsity

[arb

. uni

ts]

time of flight [ns]

0 200 400 600 800

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

atomic beam

Xe+

inte

nsity

[arb

. uni

ts]

time of flight [ns]

0 200 400 600 800

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

ejection energy


4+

Xe++

Xe3+

Xe2+

Xe+

inte

nsity

[arb

. uni

ts]

time of flight [ns]

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

cluster beam

5+

6+7+

8+

4+

Xe++

Xe3+

Xe+


inte

nsity

[arb

. uni

ts]

time of flight [ns]

0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 7 0 00 . 0

0 . 1

0 . 2

0 . 3

X e +

inte

nsity

[arb

. uni

ts]

t i m e o f f l i g h t [ n s ]

a t o m

0 . 0

0 . 1

0 . 2

0 . 3

0 . 4

6 +7 +

X e 3 +

8 +

X e ++

N ~ 2 - 2 0

0 . 0

0 . 1

0 . 2

0 . 3

0 . 4

5+

4 +

N ~ 8 0

0 . 0

0 . 1

0 . 2

0 . 3

0 . 4

0 . 5

4 238765 1

N ~ 3 0 0 0 0 Dependence on the cluster size

• Single photon absorption in Xe atoms

• emission of highly charge ions from clusters ( up to eight times charges)

• ions have high kinetic energy

1 2 3 4 5 6 70

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

ejec

tion

ener

gy [e

V]

ion charge state

xenon clustersN=2000

Kinetic energy of the ejected ions

• Quadratic dependence on charge

• Coulomb explosion

0 200 400 600 800

Dependence on the power density

Xenon clusters, 50 atoms

1013 Watt/cm2

5*1011 Watt/cm2

Conclusions:

• all features of FEL SASE radiation has been demonstrated in the80-100 nm range : saturation, tunability, coherence, higherharmonics (in addition pulse length control in the 50- 100 fs range)

• two user experiments has been successfully carried out providingunique data of intense soft X-ray - matter interaction in the new domain of parameters

• results of the experiments are essential for planningfuture experiments at soft X-ray FELs

Jacek Krzywinski TTF FEL Performance FEL Physics...

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