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VOL. II, "Noe 5 MAY 1958

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NEXT MEETING MAY J.4, 1958 8:00' P.M.

Walker-Ames Room, )rd Floor. Par~ington Hall, l.biversity of 1fashington :baJnPus

DR. ERNA GUNTHER will be the guest speaker of the Washington Archaeological societY at the May meeting. She will speak on "The Relationsh;.p of Arohaeology to Ethnography." Dr• Gunther is well !mown as the Director of the Washington state Museuin and as a Professor ~ :Ln the Department .of Anthropology at .the University of Washington. Her years ·of field work among Indians . of this ···

i area as well as her strong in~ere~~ ~ =i:n l;>.o~h ~thnograpey and archaeology will .· piake per co~ents of particula~ in~e:res~. ~nd_ value to our members.

Dr. Gunther is also a member of ~he Board.of. Directors of our Society • . : !.~ .• . ! • . · . . ---. . .

: .. ... ~ April program wa~ a showing of 35 nmi.·.: ~~lo~ slides of 20th Century . ·' . Indiane of Eastern Washington. These slides belonging to Mr. James Garner were accompanied by his conunentary. .

· Th~ . Indj.ans shown are the Salish-Sahaptait speaking peoples who are bounded o~ tP,e west by the Northwest tribes and on the east by the Plains Indians. More of the influence of the Plains seems to have been absorbed into the ·· culture of these tribes.

The first of the slides were devoted to the Root Feast which is an :important spring ceremonial of the Yakimas. Early shoots of the bitterroot and wild celery are dug · and cooked by the womeri.· · Several pictures were of the · preparation of . . the tule mats which are . used in the house for the festiy~ •

. The ~omen who serve this meaj. always wear ~olid colored dresses. When every­thing is ready the men sit on one side of the table with the women and · children on the other side. The leader, followed by the people, tastes · each ~in~ pt t.oo~ and takes a ~p of ~. 9r~1 . ~tei;: .which they all get down. to the ~eal business ar eating. ~.. . •• .. · '" :.:. · • .· : I

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Another ceremonial feast shown was the saifuon feast which is held ·ih the w:inter· months. s~e it is important. that the children be taught the tribal dances, a number of pictures of the 'young and older Indians in their costumes were shown. Adopting

1• OI>:e of. white . man•~ custom.a, beauty queens are elected

at many tribal ceremomes:• · ~.:· ~-Some of the most .. iilteresting slides :w:ere . those .. .. · :. 'II . ; ,. f .. .. : • • .. ·. ,

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showing how the large tepees are prepared and erected at rodeos. These Indians of Ea.stern Washington hav~ ' held :the idea I or the tepees longer than the Plains Indians among whom. Qrfl.Y tne B.lackfeet use them at the pr~sent . · .. : time.

Another group of pictures showed the sweat baths. Stones are heated and ;-··ca1"l;'ied into the sweat lodge where cold ~ater is sprinkled on them to f'orm

··the. ·.steam. There were other slides of Indian women picking huckleberries ~nd of· the salmon fishing at Celilo Falls which is now a thing of·the p~st8

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Concluding the program were pictures of the Colville Reservatio~. There are thirteen groups on the Colville but these peoples are well mixed with only the Nez Perce holding themselves apart.

Since it is very difficult to write up this type of progra.m1 we hope all ;.: :.our. readers may be able at some time to see Mr. Garner•s beautiful slides· :

and hear his interesting comments.

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rim ·* DIG * DIG UAY 17-18- ,

._ ... '.rhe week end following the regular ·monthly meeting is as usual the time for • the Society dig. May 17-18 we will be digging· at 45KT6,, Hermit Site. Last month.a party under the direction o~ Charles Nelson laid out a new trench· which runs north and· south1 or at right angles to the first trench dug during the past two seasons. In this new trench metric measurements are being used and the squares are somewhat smaller than previously - this should offer some encouragement to wea:i!y diggers. Several· squares have b"een well starf,ed ~~ - With~ good turnout · for ·this dig we shoulti.'show some real progress. · ··

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For further information regarding, time, place or equipment required, call Lee Tracy EM :3-1233. If you have never been on a Society dig before,, ·Lee · csrr ·give-you-·an the necessary information •. If you can•t spend the whole we~ end, try to make a one day trip. ·

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ELEvENTH NORTm!EST AMTHROPOLOGICAL CONFERENCE - May 9 and 10

Several W-A-S members and a group of people from · the University of Washington .Will be attending this Conference at the ·state ·college of Washington, Pullman, . Washitigtono· · ·· · ·

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The :.·program pranises to be very iriterest:i.ng wi tfr·iiiani· duscussions on stibjects of particular interest to Society members. Fut~e' is'sue·s of the Archa.eologist will . ?~~ ~~ports o~ _these meet_~s. _ . . , . _

.f.. feW or_· the speakers . an~ their .s~~ec~~ijire .· =~s follows: . ' ' . . . . ~ .

45KT6~ An . .A.rcha~ological. Site ori the. Middl~~ :Columbia. William c. Massey,, ·Washington Archaeological Society~

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VOL. II, No. 5 - .3 -

The Goldendale. Site: Results and Interpretations .• - . ......._ - ---------Claude N. v7arren1 university of Washington, and Do~ald R. TUohy, Pacific Northwest Pipeline Corp •

... i . ' Jiighway Salvage.Archaeology in the State of nashington: An Appraisal.-: ·Bruce. Stallard, State Colleg;-of Washington. - -. ·

The Methow River Survey and Fort Okanogan. , 'Ear1 · H. Swanson, Idaho stit~ . College. . . . ..

Problems and Prospects of Northwest .American Archaeology. Robe~t E.~eengo, tmiv-;;sity of Washington.

Blood Type frequencies of the Hupa. Freder~ck s. Hulse, UniverSitY.ar-uashington.

Indian Well I and Speculations on an Old Cordilleran Culture Base. ----- - -- .__. - - _.._, B • . ~opert Butler, University ·of Washington.

Speculations ~ Northwest Prehistory.

L. s. Cressman, Universi"o/ ~! ~e.gon •

DjRi:3, An Early Site in the Fraser Canyon. - ._...___ .

Charles E~ Borden, University of . Br±tish Co~umbia • . .

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Films: Kwakiutl Dances and We~~ '_cir ·~~ "CAngmassalik Eskimo), . . presented for NorthWest Anthropolog~cai.:·conference by Department of Sociology and Anthropology, State College of t-vae~ton.

.. - ... SURPRISE~ .STJRPRISEJ

COLUMBIA BASIN CHAPTER NEWS - Reported by ~ Washington

Ephrata,- Washington April 30;· 1958

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Here is some news from the Columb~~ B~sin Chapter hat off the griq.dl~I (Written _just one hour after adjournment of tre Moses Lake . Meet-ing;. ) ..

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I •ve just gotten home from a very ·success£ui ·meeting held at the Mose·s Lake Museum, which features the Adam East collect~on of artifacts. T~e D;i.rector of the Museum invited the Society to a special pre-view of the MU.seUm. which will be formally opened to the public a.x:irl: deqicated tomorrow. We had about 35 people in attend.ancf:r and secured eleven.:·n:ew members. :-· ·

Since our last report we have had only two meetings. one meeting was devoted entirely to classification t>f ,the artifacts found ·iri' .t he"Ep.hrata site. · The other 11vas a meet:ing devoted entirely to planning an active program of excava­tion.

VOL. II, Mo. 5 -4-

It was decided to concentrate on a eaw-t:r wJ;.iieh IIlN.;' wife, Wanda.1 and I located in the Grand Coulee which has nevei! , 'hl~eeia ita:tilel:l:eJ:l ... by pot . hunters·. A shillaw test hole indicated that it had been. ~hited. The cave also contains well: preserved pictographs. We are delaying getting started until· nr • Daugherty ·­can come over and inspect the cave before any digging is done1 since it isn•t often an archaeologist gets a chance to look at a virgin cave, undespoiled; by pot hunters. · · · ·

I had a very interesting meeting last week with .Dr. Daugherty and Marshall. · .. Hunting of the State Department of Conservation and DeVelopment. We developed a program of exploration for the Grand Coulee Area which meets with the approval of Earl Coe, Director of the Department, and forestalled a threat .. ·. :~ to freeze funds which the Legislature appropriated for archaeological work• . The plan is to put a full crew to work on selected archaeological sites in the Sun Lakes Area Vfhich can be deveopled as definite tourist attractions. · The best part of the whole plan is that there is a str~ng ~possibility · that Doug Osborne will head the project this coming summer.

I think we ,, are "rolling" now, so don tt b.e surprised· if you get more reguiar · reports in the future, but don•t expect to get another report this soon ~ · again.

Following is a list of Columbia Basin Chapter members:

H. Adrian Tucker A. c. Garing Delbert D. Suggs YfUliam It>an ·

"··Nat :lVashington, sr. Wanda W. Washington Nat Washington, Jr. Wallace Rutherford Eugene L. Nelson W. w. Jphnston Vina Johnston

Ezra L. Losee Mrs. Erma Nichols

Henry ·Naatus R. P. Penhallurick Jan Bennett Wesley Kerving G~ace Kerving

Earl Simmon8

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1)17 Est. SW J.45 F St~ ·N W 161 IvY st. S E 234 ·llth s w 42· C St. NW .·

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135 crest Drive ~30. E st. S E 119 E St. S ll

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Box 307

West 379 Columbia Box ·8 Rt l; Box 85-B Rt _2, ·Box 42· . Rt 21

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Box ·377 . . i .

Ephrata, 'Wash.-" . " " fl

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Soap lake, was~. 11 II "

Moses lake, wash. II .II " " " II

I[ " n II 11 II

Quincy,,· wash.

(Than~s a lot, Nat, surprise us again real soon. Ed.). ·.

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_,_ POTLATCH SITE - - ORCAS ISLAND

An unusual recovery was made at the Potlatch Site on areas Island in connection with a series of test pits being excavated. The artifact is bone carved in the shape shown in the illustration below. The piece is a mirror image of a bone carving in the Emmons Collection at the V-."a.shington State Museum. -~ n1en the two pieces ai .. e seen together, as they can be at the Henry Gallery at the University of Washington, it is bard to imagine · that they were ever separated. The piece is significant as an example of primitive art. The significance archaeologically is important since this is the most southerly distribution recorded for this type of artifact. The research problems ti1at the one piece suggests are many and these will be discussed in future issues of the Archaeologist.

The Potlatch Site is located on the easterlJr third of Crescent Beach on Ship Bay which is at the north end· of East Sound. More specifically, the Potlatch Site is in Sec. 13, R2VT, T37N1 areas Island, San Juan County, Washington • Research up to this point indicates that this site is not included in any of the known surveys. Data gathered from local informants has established that the site was used ll1 historical times. Test pits . indicate that the use of the site preceeds historical times. The field work at this location is in the preliminary stages, consequently any conclusions 1-wotild be premature. However, shovm below are the profiles of 1'est Pit No. 1, from which the artifact vvas recovered •

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...... _,.,.,.--rfi:mJN ASH /"' ·BLACK SOIL--CRTJSim iJ SI~.J:LL

,....DARK SOIL-· JHGLJ:!: SHELL I / DLACK SOIL

1 I c.. .--Ground Line 1 I .. <

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~ - --coordinates of CCl!'Ved bone artifact ______ ____,_. EAST Tl[A.11 SC..!UTH ;.o.JALL '. JEST ~·TALL

P R 0 F I L ~ S ~- .,~- T E S '11 P I T rr o. 1 Scale 1/2" 1.0'

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