J. E. Villena Lapaz 1 , A. Vigueras Rodríguez 1 , E. Gómez Lázaro 1 ,
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Transcript of J. E. Villena Lapaz 1 , A. Vigueras Rodríguez 1 , E. Gómez Lázaro 1 ,
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Demand Response and Wind Power Ramp Limitation for Reducing
Frequency Excursions in Power Systems with High Wind Penetration
J. E. Villena Lapaz1, A. Vigueras Rodríguez1, E. Gómez Lázaro1, A. Molina García2, I. Muñoz Benavente2
1Renewable Energy Research Institute (IER), University of Castilla-La Mancha2Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
EWEA Conference. Brussels, 15th of March, 2010
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and results
Conclusions
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and results
Conclusions
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and results
Conclusions
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and Results
Conclusions
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and results
Conclusions
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Motivation Current and future rising of wind power
Stochastic nature of the wind:- Active power fluctuations of the wind farms
- Balance between produced and consumed power
- Grid frequency excursions High penetration of cooling and heating loads,
which cycle on and off
Grid Code requirements
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Aim of the work Studying the contribution of the demand side to
the primary frequency control
Assessing the effect of positive ramp limitation
(PRL) applied to the active power generated
form wind, on both the frequency excursions and
the Demand Response
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and results
Conclusions
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Power System Model Conventional generation
Wind farm generation
Load
Power System model
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Power System Model Conventional generation
Thermal Plant
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Power System Model Conventional generation
Hydraulic Plant
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Power System Model Wind power generation (500 MW
simulated offshore wind farm)
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Power System Model Wind power generation (with PRL)
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Power System Model Load- Constant demand (1 GW)- Controllable Load (0.1 pu)
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Power System Model Power System- ΔPm , generated power variation
- ΔPD , demanded power variation
- Δf , frequency error
- Df , damping factor
- ωk , kinetic energy stored in the rotating masses
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Power System Model
Thermal Plant
Wind Farm
Hydro Plant
Power System
Load+
+
-
+
ΔPT
ΔPH
ΔPWF
ΔPm-ΔPD
Δf
ΔPD
+
+
-
-
AGC
AGC
Gain
Gain
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and results
Conclusions
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Simulation and Results 2-hour simulation Wind farm power between 15 % and 40 %
during the simulation Two conventional plants involved in
frequency control 1 GW constant load 10 % controllable load (only negative
frequency excursions) PRL (1 % energy losses)
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Simulation and Results Scenario 1: Uncontrolled customer-side
power demand (constant Load) Scenario 2: Demand Response facing
frequency excursions (variable Load) Scenario 3: Demand Response & PRL
(1 % energy loss)
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Simulation and ResultsScenario 1 (uncontrollable
load)
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Simulation and ResultsScenario 2 (controllable
load)
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Simulation and ResultsScenario 2 (controllable
load) Example of Demand Response
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Simulation and ResultsScenarios 1 & 2
Example of comparison of frequency excursions
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Simulation and ResultsScenarios 1 & 2
Comparison of frequency excursions (reduction of 18.15 %)
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Simulation and ResultsScenarios 1 & 2
Example of comparison of conventional generators behaviour
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Simulation and ResultsScenario 3 (PRL)
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Simulation and ResultsScenarios 2 & 3
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Simulation and ResultsScenarios 2 & 3
Example of comparison of Demand Response and frequency excursions
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Index Introduction
Power System model
Simulation and Results
Conclusions
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Conclusions Demand-side must be considered as a
potencial contributor to the primary frequency control.
Simulations have shown a significant reduction of grid frequency excursions for a reasonable amount of controllable loads.
Only negative frequency errors have been considered for the Demand Response model.
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Conclusions Regulation techniques such as PRL can be
usefull for improving the behaviour of big wind farms in the power system.
A 1% curtailment of the available wind power can reduce significantly the frequency fluctuations caused by wind farms.
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Thank you very much for your attention!