IX CBSE biology

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BIOLOGYConc ept Maps

Class IX (CBSE)

POllution

Adolescence

Reproduction In Animals

Cell



Wat

er

A

i

r

Used Pesticides & Fertilizer'se.g. DDT

Discharge of Industrial & Domestic Waste

Oil leaks from boats & ShipCauses

Effects

Prevention

Purification

Ganga in most polluted riverof the world

Water - borne diseases

Eutrophication

Restriction of Humanactivities near water bodies

Treatment of Industrial domesticwaste before discharge

Use of Eco-friendlyfertilizers & pesticides.

Filtration

Sedimentation

Distilation

Domesticmethods

POLLUTION

Causes

Effects

Prevention

Natural - Volcanic eruptions,dust storms, forest fires

Human

activities Burning of fuels

Deforestation

Use of CFC's

Industrial waste

Automobile Exhaust

Global warming

Acid rain

Ozone Depletion

Smog

(Smoke + fog)

Van Mahotsav

Treatment of Industrialwaste

Use of less pollutingfuel (Unleaded petrol,Sulphur free coal)

POLLUTION



Period of sexual maturity

caused by changes in Hormones

Endocrine

PinealGland

PituitaryGland

ThyroidGland

Pancreas

TestesThymus

AdrenalGland

Testes OvariesSecretes

Developmentof

Reproductivestructure

Skeetal andmuscular growth

Voicechange

Distribution ofbodyhair

Testosterone ContributeDevelopment /puberty

menstrual cycle

2 Hormones

Estrogen Progesterone

Contribute to the developmentand function of the femalereproductive organs and sexcharacteristics

Produces thymosin

ImportantRole in lmmune

system

Located above your kidneys

Helps maintain blood pressure

Helps regulated metablism

Helps balance insulin

Helps slow the immunesystems inflamatory response

Secretes digestiveenzymes

Secretes glucagonsand insulin

Released when Glucose gets low inthe blood

High glucose levelin the blood

Secretes thyroxinehormone

Thyroxine

Triiodothyronine

Regulate the basalmetabolic rate

Locate in the neck

Reduce calcium levelin the blood

Contaninpinealocytes

Hormone melatonin

Cone shaped glandin the brain

Two distinct regionof the gland

Size of pea

Connected to the

hypothalamus

Anteriorlobe

Posteriorlobe

This is a growthhormone

Conserves waterfor the body

Ovaries

ADOLESCENCE

PERIOD LEADING TO REPRODUCTIVE MATURITY

Puberty

Leads toIncrease in height

Development of Secondary sexua characters in boys and girls

Secretions ofendocrine glands.



HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

MALE

Testes

Epididymis

Penis

FEMALE

REPRODUCTION IN AN IMALS

A FISSION

BBUDDING

C Fragmentation

DSpore formation

STEPS

ASEXUAL (SINGLE PARENT) SEXUAL (TWO PARENT)

Binary

Multiple

Divide in to two

Divide in to more than two

e.g. Bacteria, Amoeba

e.g. Plasmodium

Vasa deferentia

Vasa deferentia

Ovaries

Fallopian tubes

Uterus

Vagina

Vulva

Gametogenesis(Formation of

Gametes)Fertilization

(Fusion of Gametes)

1

2

Embryogenesis(Formation of

Embryofrom zygote)

3

Parturition(Birth of young one)

4



CELL SIZE

Longest-Nerve cellLargest - ostrich egg

Smallest - PPLO/mycoplasma

CELL THEORY

Schleiden & Schwann

R.Virchow

Prokaryotic

Eukaryotic

No membrane bounded organelles

Loose DNA in cytoplasme.g. BGA, bacteria, PPLO

Collect

Together to makeTissue e.g. skinOrgans e.g. Heart

Can be

Seen byMicroscopeCELL

CELL MEMBRANE

Cell wall (rigid)(only in plants)

Plasma membrane(fluid mossaic

model)

Chromatin

Nucleolous

Cell division

PROTOPLASM

(BARRIER FOR CELL & meant fortransportation inside & outside the cell) CYTOPLASM

Cytosol

Mitochondria(Power house)

Energy ATP

ER(Transportation)

Smooth ER

Golgi (Trafficking) Vacuole

Lysosome(Suicidal Bags)

or(waste dispasable

system)

Plastids(kitchen)(Only inPlants)

Proteinsynthesis

Single membranous

Double Membranous

Ribosome

Non Membranous

(MaintainsOsmoregulation

of cell )

CellOrganelles

RoughER

(Proteinfactors)

Contain Hydrolytic

NUCLEUS

(HEAD QUARTER)

Type of cell

Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

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