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V Index

Bacteria Environment . . . . . . . . . .

Avertebrates as Vectors of Bacteria Bacterial Cultures Beverages ......... . Bodies of Man and Animal, Their Parts and Excretions Feed ................ . Food, Spices, Salt and Tobacco . . .. . Fundamental Elements of the Environment Houses ....... . Instruments, Medical . . Pharmaceutical Products Stables . . . . . . . . Technical Basic Materials Toilet and Toilet Articles Wastes of Man and Animal

790 795 795 798 798 799 799 799 801 801 801 801 801 801 802 802

790 Index

Bacteria

Acholeplasma granularum 3, 563 A. laidlawii 3, 563, 576 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 3 Actinobacillus equulis syn. Shigella equirulis 3, 563 A. lignieresii 4, 563 Actinobifida dichotomica 4, 563 Actinomyces bovis 5, 563 A. eriksonii 5, 563 A. israeli 5, 563, 615 A. naeslundi 6, 563 A. odontolyticus 6, 563 A. viscosus 6, 563 Aegyptianella pullorum 6 Aerococcus viridans 6, 563 Alcaligenes faecalis 7, 563, 590, 698 Anaplasma centrale 7 A. marginale 7 A.ovis 8 Bacillus alvei 8, 633 B. anthracis 8,563,576,590,591,604,616,617,

618, 633, 658, 663, 686, 694, 698, 735 B. brevis 18, 563, 580, 633 B. cereus 19, 574, 580, 590, 604, 617, 618, 633, 652,

658, 684, 700, 712, 713, 736 B. circulans 22, 563, 633 B. coagulans 22, 563, 586, 617, 633, 650, 693, 713,

714 B. firmus 24, 633 B. larvae 24 B. laterosporus 25, 633 B. lentimorbus 25 B. licheniformis 25, 563, 580, 633, 700, 737 B. macerans 26, 563, 633 B. megaterium 26,563,580,590,591,617,618,633,

658, 700, 714, 715, 721 B. pantothenticus 28, 563, 633, 700 B. polymyxa 28, 563, 617, 633 B. pulvifaciens 28, 563, 633 B. pumilus 29, 590, 617, 633, 649, 650, 653, 700, 720 B. sphaericus 31, 563, 580, 633, 737 B. stearothermophilus 31, 564, 580, 586, 617, 633,

649, 653, 693, 700, 701, 714, 715, 734 B. subtilis 35, 564, 574, 576, 580, 585, 586, 590, 591,

604, 617, 618, 633, 649, 650, 652, 653, 658, 660, 674, 681, 682, 700, 701, 713, 714, 718, 720, 722, 726,736

B. thuringiensis 42, 736 Bacteroides fragilis 42, 564, 577, 628 B. melaninogenicus 43, 564, 577, 629 B. nodosus 43, 564 B. oralis 43, 564 Bartonella bacilliformis 43, 564 Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 44, 735, 740, 743 Bifidobacterium adolescentis 44, 564, 577 Bordetella bronchiseptica 45, 590 B. pertussis 45, 590

Borrelia anserina 47 B. caucasica 48 B. crocidurae 48 B. duttoni 48 B. graingeri 49 B. hermsi 49 B. hispanica 49 B. mazzottii 50 B. parkeri 50 B. persica 50 B. recurrentis 51, 564 B. theileri 52 B. turicatae 53 B. venezuelensis 53 Branhamella catarrhalis 53, 564, 590, 591, 616, 685 Brevibacterium linens 54, 564 Brucella abortus 54, 564, 590, 602, 620, 640, 644,

666, 670, 672, 673, 732 B. canis 67 B. melitensis 69, 564, 590, 620, 640, 644 B. suis 75, 576, 620, 640, 644 Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus 79, 564, 666 C. fetus subsp. intestinalis 80, 564 C. fetus subsp. jejuni 80, 564 C. sputorum subsp. bubuli 84, 564 C. sputorum subsp. sputorum 84, 564 Chlamydia psittaci 84, 565 c. trachomatis 87 Chromobacterium violaceum 88, 565, 590 Citrobacter freundii 89, 610, 622, 644, 698 C. sp. 680 Clostridium aminovalericum 89, 565, 577 B. beijerinckii 89, 565 C. bifermentans 90, 565, 589, 714 C. botulinum 91, 565, 589, 664, 693, 712, 713, 714,

715, 720, 734, 736, 740 C. brevifaciens 113, 565 C. butyricum 113, 565, 589, 664 C. cadaveris 113, 565 C. carnis 114, 565, 589 C. chauvoei 114, 565, 589, 664, 737 C. cochlearium 115, 589 C. colinum 115, 565 C. difficile 115, 565 C. fallax 115, 565 C. haemolyticum 116, 565, 589, 664 C. histolyticum 116, 565, 589, 664 C. indolis 116, 565 C. innocuum 117, 565 C. limosum 117, 565 C. novyi 117, 565, 589, 650 C. paraperfringens 118, 566 C. paraputrificum 118, 566, 589 C.perfringens 118,566,577,581,582,589,617,

626, 649, 664, 714, 737 C. plagarum 126, 566

C. putrefaciens 126, 566 C. putrificum 126, 566 C. ramosum 127,566,629 C. septicum 127,566,589,617,633, 737 C. sordellii 128, 566 C. sphenoides 128, 566 C. sporogenes 128, 566, 589, 604, 633, 650, 653, 664,

693, 712, 713, 715, 737 C. subterminale 134, 566 C. tertium 134, 566, 589 C. tetani 134, 566, 589, 633, 649, 650, 653, 737 C. thermosaccharolyticum 138, 566, 693 C. tyrobutyricum 139, 566 Corynebacterium bovis 140 C. diphtheriae 140, 566, 574, 590, 591, 604, 616,

620, 637, 648, 658, 685, 686, 701 C. equi 146, 566 C. pseudodiphtheriticum 146, 566, 590, 652 C. pseudotuberculosis 146 C. pyogenes vide Propionibacterium granulosum C. xerosis 147, 566, 590, 674 Cowdria ruminantium 148 Coxiella burnetii 148 Dermatophilus congolensis 156, 566 Desulfotomaculum nigrificans syn. Clostridium nigrifi-

cans 157, 566 Edwardsiella tardo 157, 619 Ehrlichia bovis 158 E. canis 158 E. phagocytophilica 158 Enterobacter aerogenes 158, 586, 652, 665, 695, 698,

739 E. cloacae 159, 586, 620, 652, 680, 698 E. sp. 160 Eperythrozoon coccoides 160 E.ovis 161 E. parvum 161 E. suis 161 Erwinia herbicola 162,652, 739 E. sp. 162,699 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 162, 566, 637, 655, 658,

659,694 Escherichia coli 166, 566, 574, 575, 576, 577, 581,

582, 583, 585, 586, 590, 591, 592, 593, 598, 603, 604,605,609, 610, 611, 612, 614, 616, 618, 619, 620,621,622, 631, 632, 637, 638, 644, 646, 647, 649,651,652, 653, 655, 657, 658, 659, 660, 662, 664,665,667, 668, 669, 671, 672, 675, 677, 678, 680, 681, 682, 685, 686, 692, 693, 695, 699, 701, 702,703,712,715,718,719, 720, 721, 722, 726, 727, 731, 733, 735, 739, 740, 744

Eubacterium lentum 184, 566, 577, 629 Flavobacterium meningosepticum 185, 567 F. sp. 185 Francisella tularensis 186, 567, 576, 590, 630, 727,

741 Fusobacterium necrophorum 191, 567, 577,629, 737 F. nucleatum 192, 567, 577, 664 Haemobartonella muris 193 Haemophilus equigenitalis 193, 567 H. gallinarum 193 H. influenzae 194, 567, 574, 590, 591 H. parainfluenzae 195 Hafnia alvei 195, 699, 741 H. sp. 677,680 Klebsiella ozaenae 196

Index 791

K. pneumoniae 196, 585,610, 622, 632, 644, 646, 649, 652, 658, 665, 694, 699, 739, 741, 742

K. sp. 198, 593, 680, 681 Lactobacillus acidophilus 198, 567 L. bulgaricus 199, 567 L. casei 199, 567 L. helveticus 200, 567 L. plantarum 200, 567, 577 L. viridescens 200, 567 Legionella pneumophila 200, 567, 741 Leptospira biflexa 201,567,588,629,630,640,742 L. interrogans serovar australis A 202, 579, 588,

629,696 L. interrogans serovar autumnalis 202,203, 588, 696 L. interrogans serovar ballum 202,203, 640 L. interrogans serovar bataviae 202, 203, 588, 629,

696 L. interrogans serovar canicola 202, 203, 588, 629,

640, 666, 696 L. interrogans serovar grippotyphosa 202,205, 629,

640, 679, 696 L. interrogans serovar hebdomadis 202, 206, 588,

629, 630, 640, 679, 696 L. interrogans serovar hyos 202, 206, 579, 629 L. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae 202, 206,

567, 579, 588, 629, 630, 640, 696, 742 L. interrogans serovar javanica 202,213, 579,629,

696 L. interrogans serovar mitis 202,213,629, 634 L. interrogans serovar pomona 202,213, 567, 588,

629, 634, 640, 666, 696, 742 L. interrogans serovar pyrogenes 202,218, 588,629,

696 L. interrogans serovar saxkoebing 202,218, 629, 679 L. interrogans serovar sejroe 202, 218, 588,629 L. interrogans serovar semarang 202,218, 629, 696 L. interrogans serovar sp. 218 Leuconostoc cremoris 218, 567 Leuconostoc dextranicum 219, 567, 649 L. mesenteroides 219, 567,650 Listeria monocytogenes 219, 567, 592, 622, 640, 655,

666 Microbacterium lacticum 227, 567, 591 Micrococcusfreudenreichii 227,591,642 M. luteus 228, 575, 585, 586, 591, 630, 647, 650, 658 M. radiodurans 229, 576 M. roseus 230,575 M. varians 230, 567 Micropolyspora faeni 231, 567 Moraxella bovis 231 M. lacunata 231 M. nonliquefaciens 231 M. osloensis 232, 567 Mycobacterium avium 232, 568, 619, 620, 636, 640,

654, 679, 734, 737, 741 M. bovis 235, 568, 586, 592, 619, 620, 636, 640, 654 M. chelonei 242, 568, 588, 619, 634 M. diernhoferi 242, 568, 588, 634, 640, 733 M. flavescens 243, 568 M. fortuitum 244, 568, 588, 636, 640, 733, 741 M. gastri 244, 568 M. gordonae 245,568 M. intracellulare 245, 568, 734, 741 M. kansasii 246, 568 M. leprae 246 M. lepraemurium 247

792 Index

M. marinum 247, 568, 741 M. nonchromogenicum 248, 733 M. paratuberculosis 248, 568 M. peregrinum 251, 568 M. phlei 251, 568, 582, 588, 592, 634, 640, 674 M. scrofulaceum 251, 568, 679, 733, 741 M. smegmatis 252, 568, 588, 591, 640, 733 M. terrae 253, 568 M. thamnopheos 253, 568, 588, 634 M. triviale 253 M. tuberculosis 254, 568, 591, 592, 602, 620, 636,

640, 654, 658, 681, 685, 694, 741 M. ulcerans 264, 568 M. vaccae 264, 568, 588, 634, 640, 733 M. xenopi 265, 568, 741 Mycoplasma agalactiae subsp. agalactiae 266, 568 M. agalactiae subsp. bovis 266, 568 M. bovigenitalium 268, 568 M. bovirhinis 268, 568 M. gallisepticum 269, 568, 576 M. hyorhinis 272, 568 M. meleagridis 273, 568 M. mycoides subsp. capri 273 M. mycoides subsp. mycoides 274, 568 M. neurolyticum 275, 568 M. orale 275, 653 M. pneumoniae 275, 568, 653 M. pulmonis 276 M. suipneumoniae 277 M. synoviae 278 Neisseria cinerea 278, 616, 685 N. flavescens 278, 616, 685 N. gonorrhoeae 278, 569, 590, 616, 675, 685 N. meningitidis 284, 569, 616, 675, 685 N. mucosa 286, 569, 590, 616, 685 N. sicca 287, 616, 685 N. subflava 287, 616, 685 Nocardia asteroides 287, 569, 616, 654 N. brasiliensis 289, 569, 654 N. farcinica 289, 569 N. otitidis-caviarum 289, 569, 654 N. rubra 290, 569 N. sp. 290 N. transvalensis 292, 569 Pasteurella haemolytica 292, 622 P. multocida 292, 569, 576, 622, 637, 694 Peptococcus anaerobius 296, 577, 629 P. asaccharolyticus 296, 629 Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 297, 577 Phytomonas polycolor 738 Plesiomonas shigelloides 297 Propionibacterium acnes 297, 577 P. freudenreichii 297, 569 P. granulosum syn. Corynebacterium pyogenes 297,

569, 666 Proteus inconstans 299, 677, 680, 699 P. mirabilis 299, 658, 680 P. morganii 300, 631, 677, 680 P. rettgeri 301, 677, 680 P. sp. 301, 574, 619, 657, 682, 730, 740 P. vulgaris 301, 569, 582, 590, 591, 609, 619, 632,

647, 658, 660, 668, 677, 680, 681 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 303, 569, 574, 577, 581, 582,

583, 585, 586, 590, 591, 592, 593, 604, 605, 614, 615, 618, 619, 632, 648, 649, 650, 652, 653, 658, 665, 667, 668, 674, 685, 699, 726, 731, 738, 741

P. alcaligenes 312, 569 P. cepacia 312, 569 P.fluorescens 312,569,586,591,636,637,664,741 P.fragi 315, 591, 637 P. mallei 316, 569, 694 P. maltophilia 317, 569 P. pseudomallei 317, 569 P. putida 319, 569 P. putrefaciens 319, 570, 669 P. sp. 321, 646, 734 Rickettsia akari 321 R. australis 321 R. canada 321 R. conorii 322 R. prowazekii 322 R. rickettsii 325 R. rickettsii var. pijperi 326 R. sibirica 326 R. tsutsugamushi syn. R. orientalis 326 R. typhi syn. R. mooseri 327 Rochalimaea quintana syn. Rickettsia quintana 328 Salmonella species 720, 726, 729, 731, 740, 741, 742,

743 Salmonella abortusbovis 329 S. abortusovis 329 S. adelaide 329 S. alachua 330, 702, 703 S. altona 330, 683 S. amsterdam 330, 570 S. anatum 330, 570, 580, 586, 587, 596, 597, 598,

599, 605, 606, 608, 622, 623, 626, 627, 631, 638, 639, 642, 646, 656, 661, 662, 667, 669, 672, 683, 702,703

S. arizonae 332, 618 S. ball 333, 677 S. bareilly 333, 570, 580, 595, 596, 597, 598, 624,

640, 692, 742 S. bedford 334, 587, 704 S. binza 335, 638, 639 S. blockley 335, 570, 595, 631, 639, 683 S. bovis-morbificans 335, 587, 601, 650, 651, 672,

695 S. braenderup 336, 570, 631 S. brandenburg 336, 587, 627 S. bredeney 337, 598, 654, 655, 656, 659, 660, 662 S. budapest 338, 570 S. cairo 338, 606, 669, 676 S. california 338, 598 S. canada 338, 595 S. carrau 338, 587 S. cerro 339, 587, 597, 598 S. chester· 339, 631, 639 S. chittagong 339, 570 S. cholerae-suis syn. S. suipestifer 339, 570, 574,

594, 601, 607, 622, 623, 624, 628, 631, 656, 657, 658, 661, 671, 673, 732

S. cubana 341, 587, 638, 639, 642 S. daressalaam 342, 570 S. derby 342, 570, 580, 583, 587, 596, 597, 598, 599,

614, 618, 631, 632, 642, 661, 662, 667, 673, 681, 682

S. dublin 343, 570, 574, 587, 601, 618, 623, 624, 627, 635, 640, 651, 654, 655, 656, 657, 659, 660, 661, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 681, 682, 732

S. duesseldorf 347, 570 S. eastbourne 347, 570, 583

S. eimsbuettel 348 S. enteritidis 348, 570, 587, 589, 590, 591, 592, 594,

595, 600, 601, 606, 607, 609, 612, 613, 618, 619, 620, 623, 626, 631, 637, 639, 640, 642, 643, 649, 653, 656, 657, 658, 661, 662, 668, 669, 670, 674, 676, 680, 695, 731

S. gallinarum 355, 570, 576, 579, 587, 591, 595, 606, 608,639

S. gaminara 358, 631 S. georgia 358, 598 S. give 359, 593, 594, 595, 627 S. godesberg 359, 587 S. goerLitz 359, 627 S. haifa 360, 570 S. hannover 360 S. havana 360, 631 S. heidelberg 360, 570, 587, 594, 595, 631, 656, 661,

665,684 S. indiana 361, 587, 595, 631 S. infantis 361, 570, 595, 631, 643, 667, 684, 702 S.johannesburg 362 S. kentucky 362, 570, 595, 597, 598 S. kottbus 362, 570, 627 S. Lichtfield 363, 631 S. lille 363, 570 S. Livingstone 363, 570 S. london 363, 586, 595, 597, 598, 627 S. madelia 364, 587, 598 S. manchester 364, 605, 606, 650, 669, 670, 672, 674 S. manhattan 364, 595, 598, 656, 661, 693 S. meleagridis 365, 570, 580, 596, 597, 625, 627,

638, 639, 667 S. memphis 365,570 S. menston 366, 587 S. miami 366, 631 S. minnesota 366 S. montevideo 367, 570, 586, 595, 596, 597, 598,

610, 622, 623, 624, 644, 662, 691, 702, 703 S. moscow 368, 570 S. muenchen 368, 571, 587 S. muenster 369, 631 S. new-brunswick 369, 576, 593, 637, 638, 639, 643 S. newington 369, 571, 574, 597, 598, 600, 608, 626,

643,657 S. newport 371, 571, 578, 580, 587, 588, 597, 598,

599, 600, 608, 626, 627, 631, 639, 642, 643, 654, 655, 656, 659, 660, 693

S. oranienburg 372, 571, 586, 588, 595, 596, 597, 598, 624, 669, 684, 691, 692

S. oregon 373, 597 S. orion 373, 571 S. oslo 373, 598 S. panama 374, 571, 587, 598, 631, 667 S. paratyphi-A 374, 571, 574, 577, 585, 589, 591,

594, 601, 611, 613, 614, 623, 631, 637, 645, 648, 653, 662, 667, 675, 684, 686, 694, 705, 729

S. perth 376 S. poona 376, 598 S. pullorum 377, 571, 576, 580, 586, 588, 590, 591,

593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 606, 623, 631, 639, 644, 659, 691

S. reading 380, 642 S. richmond 381, 627 S. rubis/aw 381, 597, 631 S. saint-paul 381, 631 S. san-diego 381, 571

Index 793

S. schottmuelleri 381, 571, 578, 579, 581, 584, 585, 586, 589, 592, 594, 598, 601, 603, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 618, 619, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 628, 631, 637, 638, 640, 642, 644, 645, 648, 649, 650, 653, 657, 659, 664, 667, 669, 672, 675, 677, 680, 684, 685, 686, 692, 694, 695, 701, 705, 729

S. schwarzengrund 388, 571 S. sendai 388, 571 S. senftenberg 388, 571, 576, 579, 580, 584, 586,

587, 588, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 609, 610, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 631, 637, 639, 640, 641, 642, 644, 646, 647, 661, 667, 670, 673, 674, 681, 682, 683, 702, 703, 704, 743

S. siegburg 393 S. stanley 393, 587, 671 S. stanleyville 394, 627, 650 S. taksony 394, 571 S. tallahassee 394, 571 S. tennessee 394, 586, 595, 598, 638, 639, 702, 703 S. thompson 395, 593, 595, 598, 607, 624, 631 S. tokoin 396 S. typhi 397, 571, 574, 577, 578, 581, 584, 585, 589,

590, 591, 592, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 616, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 624, 628, 631, 632, 637, 638, 642, 644, 645, 648, 649, 653, 658, 659, 662, 667, 668, 675, 676, 677, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 692, 693, 694, 695, 697, 698, 701, 705, 729, 731, 733, 744

S. typhimurium 423, 571, 574, 579, 581, 582, 583, 584, 586, 587, 588, 589, 591, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 614, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 631, 635, 638, 639, 640, 642, 643, 644, 646, 647, 649, 651, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 680, 683, 684, 691, 692, 694, 695, 702, 703, 704, 739

S. typhi-suis 440, 656, 661 S. waycrosss 440 S. weltevreden 441 S. worthington 441,571,594,596,693 S. zanzibar 441,571 S. zega 441,571 Serratia marcescens 441, 571, 574, 575, 576, 585,

590,591,592,618,619,630,632,648,652,668, 669, 674, 682, 699, 731, 741

Shigella dysenteriae 446, 571, 578, 590, 591, 592, 601,605,606,611,613,615,616,618,621,635, 644, 645, 647, 653, 661, 662, 675, 676, 677, 684, 685, 686, 694, 697, 699, 701, 729

S. flexneri 449, 571, 574, 578, 590, 591, 592, 594, 600, 601, 602, 603, 605, 606, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 618, 621, 625, 626, 631, 634, 635, 643, 647, 648, 649, 652, 661, 663, 667, 668, 675, 676, 677, 680, 682, 684, 685, 686, 693, 694, 697, 699, 705, 729,743

S. sonnei 455, 571, 578, 594, 600, 602, 603, 606, 610, 613, 614, 616, 618, 625, 626, 631, 634, 635, 638, 643, 644, 647, 648, 652, 661, 663, 667, 677, 684, 685, 686, 693, 694, 697, 699, 705

Spirillum minor 461 Staphylococcus aureus 461, 571, 574, 575, 576, 578,

581, 582, 585, 586, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 600, 602, 604, 608, 609, 613, 614, 615, 616, 618, 619, 621, 623, 624, 626, 632, 635, 636, 637, 641, 643, 648, 649, 650, 652, 653, 658, 660, 661, 663, 665,

794 Index

668, 669, 671, 672, 674, 675, 684, 685, 686, 692, 694, 701, 715, 724, 730, 731

S. epidermidis 483, 571, 576, 591, 635, 648, 731 S. sp. 605, 682 Streptobacillus moniliformis 484, 571 Streptococcus acidominimus 485 S. agalactiae 485, 571, 602, 635, 641 S. bovis 490, 572, 664, 694, 695 S. cremoris 490, 572 S. dysgalactiae 490, 572 S. equi 491, 572 S. equinus 491, 572, 694 S. equisimilis 492, 572 S. faecalis 492, 572, 585, 586, 590, 593, 599, 609,

612, 621, 632, 637, 641, 649, 658, 664, 665, 666, 678, 679, 685, 692, 693, 695, 712, 720

S.faecium 496,572,641,664,692,695,739 S. group C 576 S. group F 497, 572 S. group G 497, 572 S. group H 497, 572 S. group K 498 S. group L 498, 572 S. group 0 498 S. group P 498 S. lactis 498, 572, 591, 636, 701, 712 S. mitis 499, 572, 593, 621, 641 S. pneumoniae 499, 572, 574, 590, 650, 675, 701 S. pyogenes 502, 573, 574, 590, 591, 601, 602, 620,

641, 650, 658, 675, 685, 694

S. salivarius 506, 573, 575 S. thermophi/us 506, 573, 642, 701 S. uberis 507, 573 S. zooepidemicus 507, 573, 641 Thermoactinomyces sacchari 507, 573 T. vulgaris 508, 573 Thermomonospora viridis 508, 573 Treponema carateum 509 T. denticola 509, 573 T. hyodysenteriae 509 T. macrodentium 510, 573 T. orale 510, 573 T. pallidum 510 T. pertenue 514 Urea plasma urealyticum 514 Veillonella alcalescens 514, 577, 663 V. parvula 514, 573, 577, 664 Vibrio cholerae 515, 573, 591, 610, 611, 614, 616,

618, 631, 632, 637, 645, 648, 658, 663, 667, 677, 682, 683, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 694, 695, 697, 698, 701, 705, 744

V. cholerae biotype eltor 534 V. cholerae biotype proteus syn. V. metchnikovii

544, 573, 590, 618 V. non-cholerae 545 V. parahaemolyticus 546, 573, 665, 666, 740 Xanthomonas sp. 548,646 Yersinia enterocolitica 549, 573, 741 Y. pestis 550, 573, 630, 637, 658, 727 Y. pseudotuberculosis 559, 573

Environment

Avertebrates as Vectors of Bacteria

Copepods 102

Insects 443, 497

Ants 371, 452

Monomorium pharaonis 306 M. latinode 521 M. vastator 554

Beetles

Alphitobius diaperinus 395 Amphimalon majalis 25 B/aps mucronata 314, 316 B. sp. 197 Enochrus hamiltoni 101 Ips calligraphus 443 Melolontha vulgaris 306, 314, 443 Pimelia bifurcata 314, 316 P. sardea 314, 316 P. sp. 197 Popillia japonica 25 Stegobium panaceum 348 Tenebrio molitor 37, 150

Feces of beetles 197, 314, 316

Bird lice

Menopon gallinae 86

Biting midges

Culicoides sp. 298

Black flies

Simulium haematopotum 509 S. sp. 298

Bugs

Cimex lectularius 14, 52, 53, 57, 71, 76, 150, 188, 208, 246, 324, 325, 327, 375, 554

C. rotundatus Feces of bugs 57, 71, 76, 150, 188, 246

Butterflies 42

Agrotis segetis 314 Bombyx mori 21, 160 Colias eurytheme 21 Euproctis chrysorrhoea 319 Galleria mellonella 37 Malocosoma disstria 21 M. neustria 21 M. pluviale 113 Pieris brassicae 21

Plodia interpunctella 21 Thaumatopoea pityocampa 21 T. processiones 21

Cockroaches 314, 333, 440, 441, 452

Blaberus craniifer 349, 405 B. discoidalis 349, 405

.Index 795

Blatta germanica 372, 452, 456, 468, 493, 522 B.orientalis 37, 173,294,316,372,544 Leucophaea maderae 493 Nauphoeta cinerea 329, 342, 429 Periplaneta americana 7, 21, 57, 160, 173, 246, 257,

299, 300, 301, 302, 306, 336, 337, 372, 383, 429, 522

P. australasiae 342, 362 P. ignota 336 Phyllodromia germanica 150 Supella supellectilium 468 Feces of cockroaches 173, 197,246, 257, 294, 316,

349, 372, 405, 518, 522, 527

Fleas

Cediopsylla simplex 188 Ceratophyllus acutus 188 C. consimilis 188 C. gallinae 554 C. pollex 188 C. pygmaeus 188 C. tesquorum 188 C. triangulus 188 Citellophilus tesquorum 554 CtenocephalidEs canis 327, 554 C. felis 58, 71, 76, 294, 327, 554 Ctenophthalmus agyrtes 554 C. breviatus 188, 554 C. mokrzezkyi 554 C. orientalis 188, 554 C. pollex 188, 554 C. wagneri 188 Ctenopsyllus musculi 327 Diamanus montanus 554 Dinopsyllus ellobius 554 D. lypusus 554 Echidnophaga gallinacea 327, 554 Hoplopsyllus anomalus 554 Leptopsylla segnis 150, 327, 554 M egabothris rectangularis 188 Monopsyllus anisus 554 M. wagneri 554 Neopsylla setosa 188, 554 Nosopsyllus fasciatus 150, 327, 350, 429, 554 Orchopeas sexdentatus 554 Oropsylla idahoensis 554 O. silantiewi 554 Polygenis gwyni 554 Pulex irritans 323, 327, 340, 554

796 Index

P. simulans 86 Rhopalopsyllus cavicola 555 Spilopsyllus cuniculi 188 Synopsylla fonquernii 555 Thrassis acamantis 555 T. bacchi 555 Xenopsylla astia 327, 555 X. brasiliensis 327, 555 X. cheopis 318, 323, 328, 350, 429, 555 X. eridos 555 X. hawaiiensis 555 X. mycerini 555 X. nubicus 555 Feces of fleas 58, 71, 76, 318, 323, 327, 350, 555

Flies 7, 88, 142, 163, 258, 280, 331, 339, 344, 362, 363, 373, 391, 452, 503, 506

Calliphora erythrocephala 14, 204, 205, 208 C. sp. 58, 121 C. vicina 406,447,456 C. vomitoria 14, 37, 173, 302, 306, 314, 350, 443,

469, 522 Chlorops vomitoria 247 Chrysomyia megacephala 405, 447 C. sp. Chrysops discalis 188 C. dispar 294 C. relictus 188 C. sp. 8 Eristalis tenax 522 Haematobia irritans 14 Haematopota pluvialis 188, 208 H. turkestana 188 Hippelates flavipes 514 H. pallipes 514 Hydrotaea irritans 298,486, 491, 507 Lucilia caesar 14, 37, 100, 173, 205, 302, 306, 314,

443,469 L. illustris 101, 102 L. sericata 100, 204, 208 L. sp. 58, 121, 246, 357 Lyperosia exigua 294 Musca autumnalis 231 M. domestica 14,37,42,46,52,58,71, 150, 156,

173, 188, 204, 208, 222, 231, 237, 246, 300, 302, 306, 314, 340, 350, 375, 383, 405, 406, 429, 443, 447, 448, 456, 469, 486, 493, 514, 522, 546, 555

M. inferior 294 M. stabulans 58, 71 Oestrus ovis 222 Oscinis pallipes 514 Phaenicia sericata 350, 406, 429, 447 Phormia regina 350, 406, 447 P. sp. 121 Piophila casei 101 Sarcophaga barbata 246 S. carnaria 14, 37, 173, 302, 306, 314, 443, 469 S. pallinervis 246 Siphona minuta 8 Stomoxys calcitrans 8, 14,47, 52, 58, 71, 76, 156,

161, 188, 208, 294, 306 Tabanus abactor 8 T. american us 8 T. atratus 8 T. equalis 8 T. erythraeus 8

T. fumipennis 8 T. fuscicostatus 8 T. glauco pis 71 T. oklahomenis 8 T. rubidus 294 T. sp. 14, 188 T. striatus 14, 294 T. sudeticus 58, 71, 76 T. sulcifrons 8 T. venustus 8 Volucella obesa 246 Feces of flies 14, 37, 58, 142, 208, 246, 247, 258,

300, 302, 314, 344, 362, 375, 384, 391, 405, 429, 448,522

Hymenopterous Insects 195

Apis mellifera 8,25, 42, 160, 195, 314

Lice Haematopinus suis 161 Haemodipsus Iyriocephalus 188 H. ventricosus 188 Hoplopleura sp. 188 Linognathus sp. 554 Neohaematopinus laeviusculus 188 Pedicinus albidus 323 P. longiceps 323 Pediculus humanus 173, 302, 350, 469, 549, 559 P. humanus subsp. capitis 52, 323 P. humanus subsp. corporis 44, 151,406 P. humanus subsp. humanus 50, 52, 53, 323, 328 P. longiceps 49 P. vestimenti 49, 325 Polyplax serratus 86, 188 P. spinulosus 193, 323, 328 Feces of lice 52, 151, 323, 324, 328, 329 dry heat resistance 329

Louse Flies

Hippobosca equina 151 Melophagus ovinus 14, 151 Ornithomyia bi/oba 151

Migratory Locusts

Camnula pellucida 306 Me/anoplus bivittatus 306

Mosquitoes

Acartomyia zammitii 71 Aedes aegypti 8, 31,42,48, 189, 209, 247, 294, 299,

301, 318,469 A. argenteus 209 A. canadensis 189 A. cinereus 189 A. dorsalis 189 A. flavescens 189 A. incidens 189 A. nearcticus 189 A. sierrensis 31 A. stimulans 189 A. vexans 14, 189, 306 Anopheles bifurcatus 189 A. fulginosus 294 A. sp. 42 Armigeres obturbans 294 Culex apicalis 189

C. erythrothorax 31 C. fatigans 31, 319 C. partecips 31 C. peus 31 C. pipiens 31,48, 71, 306 C. quinquefasdatus 31,306 C. tarsalis 31, 189 Culiseta incidens 31 Mansonia richardii 189 Psorophora ciliata 8 P. columbiae 8 P. sayi 14 Stegomyia calopus 208 S. fasciata 71 S. sp. 294 Theobaldia annulata 48 Theobaldia sp. 189

Feces of mosquitoes 71, 189

Reduviids

Rhodnius prolixus 146, 251, 252, 288 Triatoma infestans 151 T. protracta 86

Sandflies

Phlebotomus noguchii 44 P. verrucarum 44

Sawflies

Hemichroa crocea 21 Nematus ribesii 21 Pristophora erichsonii 21 Trichocampus irregularis 21

Shield lice

Dactylopius coccus costa 341

Termites

Reticulotermes santonnensis 443 Zootermopsis angusticollis 443

Leeches Hirudinea 52

Mites Allodermanyssus sanguineus Bdellonyssus bacoti 188, 189, 328 Cheyletus sp. 86 Dermanyssus avium 48, 295 D. passerinus 153 Eulaelaps stabularis 188 Gamasidae 153 Glyciphagus sp. 86 Haemogamasus sp. 86 Haemolaelaps megaventralis 153 H. sp 86 Laelaps echidninus 188 L. pachypus 188 Leeuwenhoekia major 153 Liponyssus bacoti 153 L. nagayoi 328 Ornithonyssus sylviarum 86 Steatonyssus viator 153 Trombicula akamushi 326 T. delhiensis 326

T. pallidum 326 T. scutellare 326

Rainworms

Lumbricus terrestris 42

Snails 102, 353, 415

Agriolimax agreste 436 Cepaea hortensis 436 C. nemoralis 436 Galba palustris 437

Ticks

Index 797

Amblyomma americanum 154, 190, 321, 325 A. brasiliensis 325 A. cajennense 66,74,78, 154, 155, 325, 326 A. coo peri 325 A. gemma 148 A. hebraeum 148, 322, 326 A. lepidum 324 A. maculatum 154, 325 A. nutalli 154 A.ovale 325 A. paulopunctatum 154 A. pomposum 148 A. sp. 328 A. splendidum 154 A. striatum 325 A. triguttatum 154 A. variegatum 148, 154, 157, 322, 324 Aponoma excornatum 154 A. halli 154 Argas arboreus 48 A. columbae 324, 328 A. hermanni 48 A. miniatus 48 A. persicus 6, 8, 18,48, 87, 154, 559 A. reflexus 48, 154 Boophilus annulatus 8,74,78,87, 154 B. australis 8, 154 B. calcaratus 8 B. decoloratus 7, 8, 87, 154, 322 B. micro plus 8, 154 Dermacentor albipictus 8, 147, 325 D. andersoni 8, 87, 155, 190, 300, 321, 325, 326,

328, 354, 445 D. daghestanicus 155 D. marginatus 74,155,205,322,326 D. nutalli 326 D. occidentalis 8, 87, 155, 190, 325 D. parumapertus 190, 325 D. pavlovskyi 155 D. pictus 155, 190, 226, 326 D. reticulatus 322 D. silvarum 8, 190, 326, 559 D. sp. 44 D. variabilis 8, 190, 321, 325, 326 D. venustus 8 Haemaphysalis bispinosa 155 H. cinnabarina 190 H. cinnabarina punctata 7, 8 H. concinna 326 H. humerosa 155 H. leachi 87, 155, 322, 326

798 Index

H. leporis-palustris 155, 190, 321, 325, 326 H. punctata 155, 326 Hyalomma aegyptium 190,322 H. anatolicum 8,87, 155 H. detritum 155, 158 H. dromedarii 8, 155 H. excavatum 155, 158 H. excavatum lusitanicum 155 H. impressum near planum 155 H. marginatum 155, 190 H. mauretanicum 155 H. plumbeum 155 H. rufipes 87,324 H. rufipes glabrata 155 H. savignyi 155 H. scupense 8, 155 H. truncatum 87 H. volgense 559 Ixodes apronophorus 190 l. autumnalis 559 I. crenulatus 155 l. dentatus 155, 190, 325 I. hexagonus 322 l. holocyclus 155, 321 I. lividus 155 l. loricatus 325 I, pacificus 87, 190 I. persulcatus 155 l. ricinus 8, 87, 155, 158, 190, 226, 322 l. ricinus cali/ornicus 190 l. scapularis 8, 190 Margaropus australis 52 M. decoloratus 52 Ornithodorus coniceps 87 O. coriaceus 87, 155 O. erraticus 48, 50, 155 O. graingeri 49 O. gurneyi 155 O. hermsi 49, 155, 325 O. lahorensis 8, 74, 155, 190 O. moubata 48,49, 87, 155, 190,212, 324, 328,

329 O. nicollei 211, 325 O. parkeri 50, 155, 325, 326 O. rostratus 325 O. rudis 49, 53, 325 O. savignyi 49 O. talaje 50, 155 O. tartakovski 155 O. tholozani 50 O. turicata 53, 155,212, 216, 325, 326 O. venezuelensis 325 O. verrucosus 48 Otobius lagophilus 325 O. megnini 155 Otocenter nitens 325, 328 Rhipicephalus appendiculatus 158, 322 R. bursa 8, 155, 322, 324, 328 R. cuspidatus 155 R. evertsi 322 R. sanguineus 8, 155, 158, 190,204, 322,

325 R. schulzei 190, 559 R. simus 8, 155, 322, 324 R. turanicus 8, 155 Feces of ticks 18, 66, 74, 78, 155, 354

Bacterial Cultures

Buffer 4, 54, 140, 149,235,269, 312, 545, 546, 579, 728 cold resistance 141 ionizing radiation resistance 32,93, 119, 166,450,

579 moist heat resistance 19, 22, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32,

35,90,93,116,117,129, 135, 139, 147, 330, 343, 388, 423, 492, 496, 508, 545

ultraviolet radiation resistance 546 Culture 3,4, 5, 7, 10,27,43,45,47,49, 51, 53, 55,

68,70,75,79,81,90,96,114, 116, 117, 120, 127, 130, 150, 156, 163, 167, 187, 191, 194, 195, 198, 200, 201, 205, 207, 220, 233, 235, 255, 266, 268, 269, 272, 273, 274, 275, 278, 284, 287, 293, 298, 300, 301, 303, 316, 318, 323, 327, 340, 348, 374, 382, 398, 442, 446, 450, 463, 484, 492, 500, 502, 508, 512, 516, 544, 551, 559, 585 cold resistance 10, 45, 81, 146, 167, 194, 204, 207,

269, 301, 303, 398, 463, 484, 490, 498, 509, 516, 547,552

daylight 11,204,207, 255, 285, 552 desiccation 135, 248, 290 dry heat resistancce 11, 12, 96, 508 growth limits 563, 574 ionizing radiation resistance 3, 229, 232, 463,

586 moist heat resistance 3,11,81,90,96, 117, 120,

130, 135, 156, 168, 194,204,207,227, 229, 230, 232,269,273,285,287,290,293,298, 301, 325, 327, 371, 389, 399, 424, 442, 464, 483, 492, 500, 508,517,552,580,586,587,588,589

oil 207, 285, 399, 500, 517, 590, 591 pressure 168 ultraviolet radiation resistance 229,464, 591,

592 Membrane filter 628 Peptone

moist heat resistance 40, 136 Toxin 108, 125, 138, 147, 181, 466, 470, 481,

505 acid 108 cold resistance 109 ionizing radiation resistance 109 moist heat resistance 109, 115 production limits of enterotoxins 481

Beverages

Beer 54, 69, 397, 515, 577, 687 Carbonated soft drinks 581 Coca Cola 535 Cocoa 424, 516, 535, 584, 688 Coffee 398, 516, 584, 585, 688

water activity 585 Lemonade 688 Mineral water 40,177,307,321,410,524,548,645,

646,689 Spirits 41,181,380,417,683,684,689 Tea 529, 684, 689 Wine 67, 75, 422, 440, 534

Bodies of Man and Animal, Their Parts and Excretions Bile 81, 515 Blood 7,9,47,48,49, 51, 54, 69, 75, 148, 149, 160,

193, 206, 213, 292, 322, 325, 326, 510, 550 cold resistance 9, 161, 325, 461 daylight 9, 292 desiccation 9, 148, 149, 292 moist heat resistance 9, 322

Body 246, 511, 515, 551 Carcass and organs 10, 47, 49, 50, 51, 54, 75, 81,

84,88, 114, 140, 149, 162, 187, 193,203, 205, 214, 219, 233, 235, 254, 269, 273, 277, 293, 298, 316, 318,322,348,355,377,398,461,463,484,511, 514, 516, 551, 581, 582 cold resistance 85, 87, 146, 162, 187, 207, 274,

293, 322, 325, 355, 512, 551 daylight 235 desiccation 55, 149, 499 moist heat resistance 88, 149, 187, 512

Discharge, human 279 Exudate 55, 141, 193, 323, 512

cold resistance 323 desiccation 156

Feathers and feathermeal 271, 356, 367 Feces 12,57,75,81,96,120,170,199,208,220,

236,248,256,271,291,293, 304, 318, 339, 343, 349, 356, 378, 382, 390, 401, 426, 446, 451, 455, 485, 509, 518, 552, 605, 606, 607 cold resistance 518 daylight 236 desiccation 85, 344

Hair 13, 136, 349, 468, 486 dry heat resistance 13 ionizing radiation resistance 13

Hide 13, 57, 188, 298 Mucus, desiccation 316 Pus 4, 147, 195, 260, 281, 476, 491, 556

desiccation 147, 476, 491, 504 moist heat resistance 281

Saliva 46 Semen, animal 666

cold resistance 64, 79, 267 Semen, human 282 Serum and serous fluids 210, 215, 286, 324

cold resistance 211 Skin 26,46, 179,261,282,309,352,379,414,444,

478, 488, 528, 556, 667, 668, 669, 731 desiccation 528 moist heat resistance 669

Sputum 195, 261, 501, 557 daylight 195, 262 desiccation 153, 195, 263, 501

Urine 18, 66, 69, 74, 78, 84, 87, 182, 198, 204, 206, 212,217,250,263,284,319,328,387,419,439, 489, 530, 687 desiccation 155

Feed Bagasse 507, 508 Cereals: Vide Food Feed 57,85,97, 221, 276, 332, 357, 366, 427

desiccation 221

e Index 799

Fish meal: Vide fish products Grass 288, 331, 359, 364, 370, 372, 383, 388, 395,

427 Hay 80 Meat and bone meal

ionizing radiation resistance 626 moist heat resistance 337, 342, 368, 392,431

Pasture 62, 192,215,240,249,260, 345, 352, 385, 396, 434, 650, 651 daylight 63

Straw 190,234, 244, 247, 248, 252, 253, 489 desiccation 87, 291

Food, Spices, Salt and Tobacco Bread and baker's ware 92, 187, 382, 442, 449, 515,

578 cold resistance 462 moist heat resistance 462

Cereals 95, 162, 187, 233, 367, 516, 534, 551, 687 desiccation 220, 267

Chocolate 347, 382, 398, 583 heat resistance 584

Confectionary products 382,398, 516 Crabs 95, 528, 547 Eggs 220, 233, 270, 313, 333, 356, 366, 378, 382,

389, 395, 425, 545, 549, 552, 594, 688 cold resistance 207, 278 desiccation 220 ionizing radiation resistance 425, 594, 595 moist heat resistance 233, 270, 378, 389, 399, 425,

596, 597, 598, 599 Farinaceous products 600 Fats Butter 56, 70, 142, 150, 236, 320, 344, 349, 375,

399,426,450,465,503,517,535,552,600,601, 602, 688, 728

cold resistance 256, 400, 450, 455 daylight 602 heat resistance 169

Cream 56, 140, 142, 158, 169, 320,400,465, 503, 688 cold resistance 400 moist heat resistance 130, 170, 236, 256, 315,

400,602 Goose fat 400 Lard 400, 688 Margarine 400, 451, 603, 688

cold resistance 401 daylight 603

Oil 12, 130, 170, 236, 256, 304, 383, 401, 465, 504, 536, 603, 604, 605, 730 heat resistance 20

Fish 90,97, 131, 170, 383, 402, 428, 442, 518, 549, 552,688 cold resistance 320, 547 ionizing radiation resistance 428 moist heat resistance 97, 120

Fish products 135, 466, 519, 536 moist heat resistance 97,493 fish meal 391

Food 36, 121, 157, 198,466 cold resistance 98, 121 ionizing radiation resistance 466 moist heat resistance 98, 131, 157

800 Index

Food of casserole-type 45,402,447,451, 520, 545, 552, 607, 608, 688 cold resistance 608 moist heat resistance 466, 608, 609

Fruits 70,99, 171,403,447,451,456, 520, 536, 553, 688 cold resistance 99, 403, 442, 609

Fruit products Fruit juice 349, 375, 383, 403, 428, 521, 537, 610,

611 acid 23 cold resistance 612, 613 moist heat resistance 23, 27, 99, 613, 614

Jam 537 Honey 100, 349, 404, 468, 538, 618, 619, 688,

729 Ice cream 57, 142, 468, 538, 619, 688

cold resistance 57, 76, 257,404,620 moist heat resistance 142,172,228,257,405,620,

621 water activity 621

Mayonnaise 344, 688 acid 622, 623, 624

Meat 59, 71, 76, 82, 86, 90, 102, 121, 151, 163, 189, 209,214, 218, 222, 237, 271, 307, 333, 361, 366, 386, 393, 406, 430, 523, 546, 688 cold resistance 76, 82, 122,215,222, 340, 350,

384, 430, 624, 625 desiccation 116,122,342,343 hydrogen ion concentration 469 ionizing radiation resistance 625 moist heat resistance 122, 131, 189, 340, 391, 431,

625,626 Meat products 131, 351, 431, 448, 523, 538, 555

cold resistance 549 ionizing radiation resistance 102 moist heat resistance 132, 493 salt 15

biltong 344 canned products 469 corned beef 407 cured products 469 ground meat 452,457,493, 538 jellied meat 470 meat and bone meal: vide feed meat salad 626 sausage 59, 77, 123, 222, 238, 370, 453, 457, 470,

627,628,689 toxin 466,470

Milk 4, 15,21, 59,72, 82, 104, 123, 143, 151, 160, 205,215,218,223, 244, 251, 252, 266, 298, 302, 314, 319, 320, 324, 336, 340, 345, 351, 375, 384, 407, 432, 444, 453, 457, 470, 484, 503, 523, 539, 555, 634, 635, 689 cold resistance 209, 238, 258,487,635 desiccation 299 hydrogen ion concentration 470 moist heat resistance 21,24,26, 39, 60, 72, 77,

83, 132, 139, 143, 151, 173, 209, 215, 219, 223, 228,229,230, 238, 244, 251, 258, 299, 314, 315, 320, 324, 340, 385, 407, 432, 444, 448, 453, 471, 490, 494, 497, 499, 503, 506, 524, 636, 637, 638, 639, 641, 642

Colostrum 635 Toxin 472

Milk products Cheese 60, 72, 90, 104, 113, 123, 132, 139, 153,

159,174,196,199,230,238,259,316,351,364, 385, 408, 433, 458, 472, 490, 494, 503, 524, 539, 549, 555, 643, 728 cold resistance 494 Enterotoxin 474

Chocolate milk 176 Milk, evaporated 539 Milk, fermented 434, 729

Buttermilk 61,143,158,176,351,376,409, 474, 642

Kefir 62, 153, 240, 259, 409, 453, 458 Sour milk 62,73,153,176,190,240,259,376,

409,453,474,524,644 Whey 62, 73, 153,410, 524

moist heat resistance 475 Yoghurt 62, 159, 177,240,410,453,458,474,

539, 644, 645 Milk powder 40, 475, 643

Enterotoxin 475 Skim milk 159, 160, 196, 539

Nuts 396, 540, 646, 689 ionizing radiation resistance 647

Salt 3, 5, 7, 16,46, 54, 63, 68, 73, 77, 79, 83, 86, 104, 123, 127, 132, 137, 143, 160, 162, 163, 193, 199, 224, 227, 232, 241, 249, 260, 268, 271, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291, 302, 308, 314, 320, 324, 331, 336, 341, 352, 385, 411, 435, 459, 476, 485, 488, 490,491,494,497,498,499, 504, 507, 509, 513, 525, 547, 556, 560, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 730 adaption 659 brine 177,385,659,660 cold resistance 177,260,477 enterotoxin 478 ionizing radiation resistance 30, 177, 660 meat 352 moist heat resistance 30,34,106,178,228,230,

477, 483, 661 pressure 260, 444, 478 sausage casing 661,662

Shellfish 16, 106, 308, 412, 505, 541, 546, 667, 731 Cockles 527

cold resistance 320 moist heat resistance 494

Mussels 412, 527, 550 Oysters 412, 527, 541, 547

Shrimps 107, 527, 528, 541, 667, 689 hydrogen ion concentration 548

Snails: Vide Avertebrates Spices 108,124,417,445,541,682,683,689 Tobacco 419, 484, 530 Vegetables 18, 74, 78, 110, 159, 182, 190, 197,226,

231, 234, 243, 244, 245, 248, 253, 309, 332, 354, 359, 361, 365, 369, 370, 373, 380, 387, 388, 396, 419, 439, 449, 496, 497, 508, 530, 542, 559, 689, 690, 691, 738 cold resistance 110,692 daylight 692 moist heat resistance 34, 110, 133, 138,693 water activity 693

Fundamental Elements of the Environment

Aerosol 725 Air 3,9,45, 134, 140, 148, 166, 185, 186,200,230,

266, 269, 273, 274, 275, 276, 287, 303, 322, 333, 367, 377,442,461, 509, 510, 550, 575, 576, 725 open air factor 9, 576, 728 oxygen tolerance 42,43,79,92,116,117,119,

129, 166, 193, 577 Ashes 397 Cold resistance 709 Daylight 716 Desiccation 722 Dust 70,96, 120, 135, 141, 150, 168, 187, 198, 255,

288,289,300,304,325,425,442,485,500,517, 552, 592, 593, 725 desiccation 399, 502

Heat resistance 710 Hydrogen ion concentration 563, 574 Ice 172, 188, 404, 521 Ionizing radiation 719 Pressure 722 Radiation resistance 716 Seawater 44,64,73,106,162,178,210,215,297,

314,411,459, 525, 540, 556, 560,662,663,664, 665,738 cold resistance 320 pressure 665

Sludge 107, 124, 200, 211, 216, 243, 244, 247, 253, 254,261,265,288, 318, 334, 341,346, 353, 362, 372, 386, 392, 414, 436, 528, 669 moist heat resistance 670

Soil 16, 21, 25, 26, 31, 44, 45, 64, 77, 80, 90, 107, 113,115,116,117, 118, 124, 128, 133, 134, 137, 146, 153, 157, 164, 180, 192,201,202,211,216, 224, 234, 241, 243, 244, 245, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254, 261, 265, 288, 289, 290, 291, 295, 309, 312, 314, 318, 319, 321, 329, 332, 335, 336, 337, 353, 359, 363, 365, 369, 370, 373, 379, 380, 386, 388, 393, 396, 415, 437, 441, 459, 479, 488, 495, 501, 508, 528, 557, 560,657, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 732 daylight 225, 261 desiccation 144, 505 dry heat resistance 21, 138 moist heat resistance 21, 138 pressure 681 slurry 681, 682

Temperature 563 Ultra-violet radiation 717 Water 6, 18, 19,44, 66, 69, 74, 80, 84, 125, 155,

158, 159, 165, 182, 185, 190, 194, 196, 197,201, 205,212,217,226, 234, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 263, 265, 268, 272, 273, 275,277,284,289,291, 296, 300, 310, 312, 315, 316,317,319,321,332,334,347,355,380,387, 421,440,446,449,454,460,483, 505, 513, 531, 543, 550, 559, 560, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699,738 cold resistance 183, 264, 358, 422, 534 daylight 184, 454, 534 ionizing radiation resistance 21, 30, 125, 184, 700,

701

Index 801

moist heat resistance 22,26, 88, 112, 126, 133, 138,145,184,194, 197,227,317,422,449,455, 700,701

pressure 134 protozoa 422, 533, 697, 734, 740, 743 ultraviolet radiation resistance 112

Water activity (water availability) 19, 27, 28, 31, 35, 91, 119, 128, 166, 200, 228, 230, 303, 312, 343, 365, 367, 369, 371, 372, 381, 423, 441, 461, 544, 546,723 moist heat resistance 702, 703, 704

Houses Building stones 485

desiccation 67, 397, 463 Carpet, carpeting 255, 582 Floor 120, 304, 320, 466

linoleum 402 Wall 310, 482

Instruments, Medical 198, 280, 306, 312, 406

Pharmaceutical Products Pharmaceutical products 63, 89, 104, 118, 123, 128,

132, 134, 136, 143, 160, 162, 185, 197, 288, 307, 334, 369, 444

Plasma, human 513 cold resistance 652

Sugar 652

Stables Asphalt 461 Chaff 355, 423 Lime 486 Litter 86, 102, 189, 222, 233, 276, 334, 357, 378,

395, 429, 487, 621, 622, 729 Sawdust 234, 245, 295 Stable tools 65 Stable, wall 65, 225

Technical Basic Materials Ceramic

desiccation 583 Glass 222, 280, 456, 486, 538, 553

daylight 13,70,76,142,171,208,257,305,404, 443,447,468,521,553,616

desiccation 5, 12, 13, 45, 70, 75, 82, 85, 88, 136, 142, 161, 171, 196,204,208,231,257, 266, 274, 286, 288, 294, 305, 316,404,443,447,467,468, 500, 506, 513, 521, 553, 614, 615, 616

dry heat resistance 21, 37, 100,288, 617 ionizing radiation resistance 29, 33, 136 ultraviolet radiation resistance 468

Glue 333 Leather 58, 486, 522 Lime: Vide Stables

802 Index

Metal 59, 123, 189,222,457,487, 629, 630, 689 desiccation 68, 143,267,443,470, 523, 631,

632 dry heat resistance 33, 38, 633 ionizing radiation resistance 29 moist heat resistance 33, 39

Paper 4, 15,46,62, 223, 259, 281, 307, 317, 318, 379, 444, 458, 487, 540, 556, 647, 648, 649 daylight 15,27,40, 73, 249 desiccation 27,83,143,276,281,300,317,379,

410, 475, 524 dry heat resistance 40 ionizing radiation resistance 29, 649, 650 moist heat resistance 33

Petroleum 41 Plastic material 46, 223, 281, 308, 314, 476, 652

desiccation 267, 357 ionizing radiation resistance 30, 31, 41, 132, 229,

653 Porcelain 223, 540 Rubber 41, 46, 63, 190, 281, 314, 444, 476, 488, 525

desiccation 267 ionizing radiation resistance 653

Textiles 47, 65, 78, 80, 138, 154, 181, 195,263,272, 274, 282, 286, 309, 317, 418, 438, 445, 448, 454, 460, 489, 514, 529, 542, 548, 558, 560, 689, 738 daylight 18,54,263,278,286,287,317,454,559,

684,685 desiccation 17,41,54,66,68,73,80,138,144,

226,234,263,268,278,287,296,300,317,358, 387,418,479, 501, 505, 530, 559, 685, 686

dry heat resistance 480, 496, 686

ionizing radiation resistance 30 moist heat resistance 108, 118,480,496 ultraviolet radiation resistance 480

Wax 25 Wood 67, 145, 184,227, 242, 245, 264, 347, 358,

380, 387, 423, 460, 483, 489, 534, 544, 705 desiccation 69, 268, 292

Toilet and Toilet Articles Cosmetics 303 Soap 179, 309, 415, 478, 513, 674, 675 Toilet and toilet articles 283, 309, 513

Wastes of Man and Animal Kitchen refuse 15,406,621 Manure 58, 80, 134, 163, 191,242,243,244,248,

251, 252, 253, 254, 258, 265, 267, 295, 318,430, 487 daylight 237 moist heat resistance 136, 491

Manure, liquid 15, 58,79, 82, 163,214,222, 237, 249, 510, 622

Sewage 16,44, 123, 133, 164,211,215,224,234, 243,260, 265, 288, 290, 291, 308, 331, 337, 359, 361,365,369,370,374,386,411,414,435,527, 540,667 daylight 261

Slurry 64, 346, 393, 436, 670, 671, 672, 673, 732 moist heat resistance 674

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo

The Prokaryotes A Handbook on Habitats, Isolation, and Identification of Bacteria

Edltors: M. P. Starr, H. Stolp, H. G. Triiper, A. Balows, H. G. Schlegel 1981. XLvm, 2596 pages. (In two parts, not available sepa­rately). ISBN 3-540-08871-7

Contents: Introductory Essays. - The Phototrophic Proka­ryotes. - The Gliding Bacteria. - The Sheathed Bacteria. Some Gas-Vacuolate Bacteria. - The Budding and/or Appendaged Bacteria. - The Spirochetes. - Some Helical and Curved Bacteria. - The Pseudomonads and Relatives. -Some Dinitrogen-Fixing Bacteria and Relatives. - Taxono­mically Heterogeneous, Physiologically Dermed Assembla­ges of Bacterial Genera. - The Obligately Chemolithotro­phic Bacteria. - Small, Aerobic, Gram-Negative Bacteria of Medical Importance. - The Families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. Some Marine Bacteria. - Miscellaneous, Facultatively Anaerobic, Gram-Negative, Rod-Shaped Bac­teria. - Anaerobic, Gram-Negative, Rod-Shaped Bacteria. -Gram-Negative Cocci and Related Rod-Shaped Bacteria. -Gram-Positive Cocci. - Gram-Positive, Asporogenous, Rod­Shaped Bacteria - The Endospore-Forming Bacteria - The Coryneform Bacteria. - The Actinomycetes. - Some Obliga­tely Symbiotic Bacteria. - Wall-Deficient Bacteria. - Author Index. - Subject Index.

The Prokaryotes is destined to become the indispensable reference for microbiologists. Prepared under the supervi­sion of a distinguished international editorial board, this comprehensive two volume Handbook will contain 169 con­tributions by acknowledged experts providing up-to-date, detailed information on the habitats, isolation, and identifi­cation of all the prokaryote groups. This richly illustrated Handbook starts with six authoritative general essays covering diversity and habitats of prokaryotes, pathogenicity in man, animals, and plants, and principles of isolation, cultivation, conservation, characterization, and identification. Each of the following major sections on the prokaryote groups is also introduced by a general essay. Detailed procedures, many never before published, are pre­sented in one convenient source. The Prokaryotes contains a complete set of indices providing immediate access to the media, procedures, names of taxa, general topics covered, authors of cited literature, and con­tributions to the Handbook. Every researcher working with these organisms will find The Prokaryotes an invaluable and essential source of informa­tion.