IV.IV. Culture: Culture: RomanticismRomanticismand Realismand Realism

The Madeleine Church, Paris, France.

Madame Recamire, 1800,by Jacques-Louis David

Mozart

Classicism in Europe wasroughly 1700 to 1800.

A.A. Romanticism (1800’s) – the arts Romanticism (1800’s) – the arts expressed feeling, emotion, expressed feeling, emotion,

and and imagination.imagination.

In the late 1700’s, Romanticists abandoned classical reason (Enlightenment, 1700’s) for warmth and emotion

to revolt against the Industrial Revolution.

L'Education de la Vierge,(1842), by Eugène Delacroix,Paris.

Wanderer Wanderer Above the Above the Sea of FogSea of Fog,,

(1818) by (1818) by CasparCaspar

David David Friedrich.Friedrich.

RomanticismRomanticism

The Lion Hunt The Lion Hunt (1861), Eugene Delacroix.(1861), Eugene Delacroix.Romanticism painting with drama and action (exotic)Romanticism painting with drama and action (exotic)

Rain,Rain,SteamSteamandandSpeed,Speed,The GreatThe GreatNorth-North-WesternWesternRailwayRailway(1844),(1844),by Josephby JosephTurner.Turner.

Romanticism

Memory of Civil Memory of Civil War War (1850), by(1850), byMeissonier.Meissonier.

RomanticismRomanticism

Low Tide at PourvilleLow Tide at Pourville, by Claude Monet, by Claude Monet

AugusteAugusteRenoirRenoir(1841-(1841-1919),1919),

BerlinBerlinNationalNationalMuseum.Museum.

Romantic architecture – Bavarian castle reflects theromantic love for medieval style (built between 1869-1892).

Romanticism in LiteratureRomanticism in Literature

Mary Shelley’s gothic novel,Frankenstein (1818) was avegetarian.

Sir Walter Scott’sIvanhoe was the

best selling novel inthe early 1800’s.

I Wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

- William Wordsworth

The Chimney SweeperWhen my mother died I was very young,Any my father sold me while yet my tongueCould scarcely cry "'weep! 'weep! 'weep! 'weep!“So your chimneys I sweep, & in soot I sleep.

- William Blake, 1794

This Living HandThis Living Hand This living hand, now This living hand, now warm and capable warm and capable Of earnest grasping, Of earnest grasping, would, if it were cold would, if it were cold And in the icy silence of And in the icy silence of the tomb, the tomb, So haunt thy days and So haunt thy days and chill thy dreaming chill thy dreaming nights nights That thou wouldst wish That thou wouldst wish thine own heart dry of thine own heart dry of blood blood So in my veins red life So in my veins red life might stream again, might stream again, And thou be conscience-And thou be conscience-calmed—see here it is— calmed—see here it is— I hold it towards you.I hold it towards you.

John Keats, 1819John Keats, 1819

“Poets are the unacknowledged legislatorsof the world.” - Percy Bysshe Shelley

The cremation of Percy Shelley, by Edward Trelawny.

The Keats-ShelleyMuseum inRome,Italy.

B.B. Realism – the world should be Realism – the world should be viewed viewed realistically.realistically.

1.1. Started: early 1800’s in Started: early 1800’s in literature; literature;

mid-1800’s in art.mid-1800’s in art.

Realists rejected Romanticism.

A Christmas Carol (1843), by Charles DickensDickens' OliverTwist (1838).

Charles Dickens, a British novelist, became very successful with his realistic novels focusing on the middle and lower classes in Britain.

2. Charles Dickens – A Christmas Carol shows life in mid-1800’s England.

The Stone BreakersThe Stone Breakers (1849), Gustave Courbet. (1849), Gustave Courbet.RealismRealism

The Gleaners The Gleaners (1857), Jean-Francois Millet.(1857), Jean-Francois Millet.RealismRealism