ITU Regional Seminar on E-commerce Bucharest, Romania 14-17 May 2002 National E-commerce Strategies...
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Transcript of ITU Regional Seminar on E-commerce Bucharest, Romania 14-17 May 2002 National E-commerce Strategies...
ITU Regional Seminar on E-commerceBucharest, Romania14-17 May 2002
National E-commerce Strategies for Development
Dr. Susanne Teltscher
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
www.unctad.org/ecommerce
Presentation outline
Why do we need national e-commerce strategies?
What has been done so far? What are the key elements of e-
strategies? How do we design and
implement e-strategies?
Need for e-commerce strategies
E-commerce strategies or ICT strategies?
E-commerce and development E-commerce and productivity
growth An enabling environment for e-
commerce
A survey of existing strategies
51 countries 37 developing countries 14 developed countries
At various stages Formulating policies Implementing strategies
A survey of existing strategies
05
101520253035404550
A survey of existing strategies
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
%
Training and education Aw areness building
developing countries developed countries
0
10
20
30
40
50
%
Infrastructure Access Telecommunicationsector reform
developing countries developed countries
A survey of existing strategies
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10
20
30
40
50
%
Support for theenterprise sector
Trade andinvestment
Development ofIT and other
sectors
developing countries developed countries
0
20
40
60
80
100
%
Legal issues Taxation Banking andonline payments
developing countries developed countries
A survey of existing strategies
01020304050
%
E-government
Standards, trade facilitation
Research
Participation in int.debates
developing countries developed countries
Key elements of e-strategies
Awareness building, training and education
Access and infrastructure Legal and regulatory issues Sector-specific policies E-government
Awareness building
Policy issues Lack of Internet culture Lack of understanding of benefits and
opportunities
Policy options AB media campaigns, e-government Targets: SMEs, rural areas, women
entrepreneurs
Training and education Policy issues
Knowledge society: main challenge for developing countries
Improve digital literacy Increase number of IT professionals
Digital literacy Internet access and PCs in schools Community centers Rural and poor areas, women
Training and education
Source: ILO (2001)
Training and education
IT training Shortage of high-skilled IT
professionals worldwide Problem of brain drain in poorer
countries (India, South Africa) Public or private sector?
Access and infrastructure
Policy issues Equal access (rural and poor areas,
gender dimension) Telecommunication sector reforms Quality and cost
Access and infrastructure
Source: ILO (2001)
Access and infrastructure
Policy options PCs and Internet access in schools
and universities Open-source software, wireless
applications Competition in telecom market
Legal and regulatory issues
Is the transaction enforceable in electronic form?
Do the parties trust the message? What rules govern the electronic
transaction?
Questions for policy makers:
Legal and regulatory issues
Electronic contracting, authentication, dispute resolution, data/intellectual property/consumer protection, security
Taxation, electronic payments, certification
Legal and regulatory issues
UNCITRAL Model law: 11 countries Digital signatures: 60 countries
(21 developing countries) Taxation: OECD “taxation
framework”
Sector-specific policies
Policy issues Increase productivity Enhance comparative advantage and
competitiveness Promote e-business
Sector-specific policiesPolicy options: Lower import duties Promote use of ICT and e-commerce in sectors of
comp. advantage Develop domestic IT industry in close relationship
with local users Create linkages between foreign investors and
local suppliers and services Direct support to SMEs (esp. women
entrepreneurs) to enhance e-business (financial, technical, tax credits etc.)
E-government
Policy issues Leadership role in e-business
(awareness and education) Efficiency gains (government) Reduced costs (enterprises) Transparency
E-government
Policy options: Procurement Information sharing among
agencies Online services for citizens Equal access (maintain traditional
channels)
Approaches to e-strategies
Participatory approach Involve all stakeholders Consultative process to identify
key elements of national strategy (based on domestic needs)
Stakeholders
Business associations IT industry Banks Freight forwarders Lawyers Development org. Women’s groups
Donors Industry reps. Ministries Customs NGOs Universities Consumers
ITU Regional Seminar on E-commerceBucharest, Romania14-17 May 2002
Thank you
www.unctad.org/ecommerce