It'sTime:UsingaTime-StudyTooltoUnderstandandEnhanceSchool

SocialWorkPrac=ce

MichaelKelly,PhDSteveWhitmore,LMSW

Agenda

•  Intro-MichaelRa=onaleforSSWprac=ce•  HistoryandData-Steve•  Report-Michael•  Q&A-Steve

PollQues=onsUsingYourAPP

•  1.Haveyouevertrackedyour=meonadailybasisinyourjob?Yesno

•  2.Ifyoudidtrackyour=me,doyouthinkyourdatawouldmatchyouradministrators’percep=onofwhatyoudo?Yesno

Family and School Partnership Program 11th Annual Summer Institute Loyola Chicago �

July 14th-16th, Water Tower Campus

Selected References•  Frey,A.J.,Alvarez,M.E.,Dupper,D.R.,Saba=no,C.A.,Lindsey,B.C.,Raines,

J.C.,Streeck,F.,McInerney,A.,Norris,M.A.(2013).SchoolSocialWorkPrac-ceModel.SchoolSocialWorkAssocia=onofAmerica.Retrievedfromh[p://sswaa.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subar=clenbr=459

•  Kelly,M.S.,Frey,A.,Thompson,A.,Klemp,H.,Alvarez,M.,&Berzin,S.C.(2015).Thestateofschoolsocialwork:Revisited.SchoolMentalHealthJournal,7(3),174-183.

•  Kelly,M.S.Frey,A.,Thompson,A.,Klemp,H.,Alvarez,M.,&Berzin,S.C.(2015).AssessingtheNa=onalSchoolSocialWorkPrac=ceModel:Findingsfromthe2ndNa=onalSSWSurvey.SocialWork.doi:10.1093/sw/swv044

•  Kelly,M.S.,&Lueck,C.(2011).Adop=ngadata-drivenpublichealthframeworkinschools:Resultsfromamul=-disciplinarysurveyonschool-basedmentalhealthprac=ce.AdvancesinSchoolMentalHealthPromo=on,4(4),5-12.

•  Kelly,M.S.,Raines,J.,Stone,S.,&Frey,A.(2010).Schoolsocialwork:Anevidence-informedframeworkforprac-ce.NewYork:Oxford.

Framing Today’s Keynote

•  Overall,SSWAreNotPromo1ngUniversalStrategies–  SSWarenotdoingthemconsistentlyandDONOTfeelpreparedtodothem

competently–  SSWSpendmostoftheir=mewithat-riskstudentsinTier3andcrisis

interven=onsitua=ons•  Pugngoutfiresratherthanpreven=on&coordina=on

•  Overall,SSWAreNotComfortableusingData–  SSWreportlackingcompetency,resources,andsupportstobedata-driven

andevidence-informedintheirprac=ce•  School,community,state,andna=onalresponsesneeded

•  Overall,themajorpolicyandresearchini=a=vesofthelast20yearsarenotbeingsignificantlyreflectedinday-to-daySSWprac=ce

•  So…whatcanwedototrainthefutureandcurrentSSWworkforcetobecomemorevisible,valuable,andindispensable?

The Big Picture Going Forward

•  Online tools that are evidence-informed, free, and easy to use**

•  Field placements that move us forward •  A network of School Social Work Master Mentors•  Sustainable evidence-informed Professional

Learning Communities (PLCs) that use data to enhance SSW practice**

Theproblem•  Sawalackof=meforSSWstodotheirjobs.•  “Lackoffunding”influencingstaffing-causingreduc=ons.

•  Administratorstypicallyfocusedoncaseload.•  No=meorspaceforpeopletothink/reflectonprac=ceorprac=ceimprovement.

•  Nouniversalagreementon“bestprac=ce”aroundcaseloadac=vity.

WebinarfromIDEAPartnership(Jan,2015)

•  FromSLP’s,PT’sandOT’s•  WorkloadversusCaseload•  SimpleMicrosonExcelLogtorecordac=vi=es

Inordertosupportallstudentsinleastrestric=veenvironment(LRE),andfacilitatepar=cipa=oninthegeneraleduca=oncurriculum,workloadsofSISPshavebroadenedfromtradi=onal“direct&indirect”servicestoinclude:UniversalDesignforLearning(UDL),Posi=veBehaviorInterven=ons&Supports(PBIS),ResponsetoInterven=on(RtI),&CommonCoreStateStandards(CCSS).

Sec=ononPediatrics,APTAWorkloadStudy,2009

Usinga=mestudyapproachwithschool-basedPTvolunteersandrepresenta=onfromallregionsacrossthecountry– Studentserviceanddocumenta=onforoneworkweekwas63%ofaFTEdocumenta=on.

– ForPTs,46%ofanFTEspentinDirectandIndirect,17%ofanFTEspentindocumenta=ontasks

Results?•  In North Carolina, district modified how they

determined workload. Work feels evenly distributed, has improved efficiency & effectiveness.

•  Ohio law recognizes workload considerations for SISPs.

•  In Texas, after implementing a workload approach, the Houston School District noted a significant decrease in SLP vacancies as well as improved quality of services, increased collaboration among service providers, and enhanced ability to identify students needing services.

InSummer2015,OaklandSchoolsDecidedto…

•  RevisetheIDEAPartnershipTimeStudyTooltobeappropriateforschoolsocialworkers.

•  CreateaCommunityofPrac1cetodiscussthetool,toolimprovements,prac=ceissues,andhowtohaveconversa=onswithotherprofessionals.

•  BringonDr.MichaelS.Kellybecauseofthepoten=alsignificanceofthework.

LastFall,StartedwithaCoPof11Volunteers

•  Mixedsetofjob=tlesandpopula=ons:–  Self-containedProgramEI.–  GeneralEdataCharterSchoolthatfocusedontruancyreduc=on.–  EarlyChildhoodProgramplusthreeelementaryschools.–  ElementarythathousedseveralAu=smCategoricalRooms.–  Oneelementarybuildingwithseveralprograms.Somegeneraledresponsibili=es.

–  Onehighschool,onemiddleschoolwithtwoelementaryschools.–  Onehighriskimpoverishedbuilding:specialandgeneraled.–  CharterschoolwithK-8popula=on.–  Onehighschoolininnercity.–  1.1elementarybuildingswithmul=pleprograms.–  CharterschoolwithK-8generalandspecialeduca=ondu=es.

CoPMemberswould…•  Logallac=vi=esin15minuteblocksforthefirstfullweekof

themonth.•  SubmittoStevefortabula=on.•  DiscussinVirtualCoPMee=ng(1xamonth)anerschool.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

TIME STUDY COMPLETED

ATTENDANCE AT COP

Average Time Study Completed= 6.7 Average CoP Attendance=5.6

IntheCommunityofPrac=ceSessions…

•  Iden=fiedTimeRobbersorBarrierstoEfficiencythenmemberstookturnspresen=ngontopics:–  TimeManagement,–  SupportstudentswithASD,–  Suppor=ngnewteachers,– Documenta=on,–  ProgressMonitoringusingGoogleForms,and– Havingconversa=onsaboutwork.

•  Reviewedanddiscusseddata.

CodingCategories•  D* Direct•  I** Indirect•  C* Crisis-Caseload•  CD*Compliance

Documenta=on/Assessment

•  CM*ComplianceMee=ngs

•  CrNC*Crisis-Non-Caseload•  P** Pre-Interven=on

Services•  SWPSchoolWide

Preven=onServices•  Prof/dProfessional

Development•  Sup/MenSupervision&

Mentoring•  T Travel•  O Other

*Includepopula=onserved:1-SpecialEduca=onStudent2-GeneralEduca=onStudent/504/TitleI3-BothGeneral&SpecialEduc.Students

Sept-June:8HrDay(hh:mm)

Direct(25.22%),2:01

Indirect(20%),1:36

Crisis(3.8%),0:18

Document/Assess

(18.42%),1:28

Mee1ngs(7.28%),0:34

Crisis/Non-Caseload(.

83%),0:04

Pre-Interven1on(1.46%),0:07

SchoolWidePreven1on(2.36%),

0:11

Prof/D(4.44%),0:21

Supervision/Mentor(1.08%),0:02

Travel(2.44%),0:11 Other(12.67%),1:00

IndividualHoursbyMonth

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

18.00

Sept,2016 October,2016

November,2016

December,2016

January,2016

February,2016

April,2016 May,2016 June,2016

Direct

Indirect

Crisis(CL)

Document

Mee1ng

Crisis(NC)

Prevent

SchoolWide

Prof/D

Mentor

Travel

Other

ER

MarchComparisonbyHrs.

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

March,2016 #1*/ASDPROGRAM/2ASSESS/4IEP/CASELOAD=36(19INCat)

#2 #3/8ASSESS/Caseload=49

#4/3Bdgs./3ASSESS/

Caseload=48

#5/GeneralEdSSW(notfull

=me)

#6/CenterBased/2Assess./

Caseload=12

#7/1elem.bdg-special/gen,Level

Self-ContainedClass,ESCEProgram,GRSP;3

assessments;caseload=45students+

somew/behapl

Other

Travel

Mentor

Prof/D

SchoolWide

Prevent

Crisis(NC)

Mee1ng

Docum/Assess

Crisis(CL)

Indirect

Direct

Datatoledtolargerdiscussions…•  IsdirectservicethemostvaluableservicethataSSWcanprovide?Whatdoes

theresearchsay?•  Whatdoyoudowhenyourprincipalwantsyoutohandlegeneraleduca1on

crisisandyourspecialedsupervisorsaysthatyoushouldseespecialedstudentsonly?Whatisethical?Whatdoesitsayaboutsystemcapacity?

•  Doesacrisisendwhenastudentwalksoutofthedoor?Whataboutthedays

anerwardsinfollowup?Whendoesthecrisistrulyend?

•  HowmanyhoursshouldaSSWbeworkingeventhoughthecontractsays37.5hoursandyouknowofteacherswhowork60?Whendoyousay,“No,IamnottakingpaperworkhomethisweekendbecauseIwanttogovisitmysonoutofstate,”andnotfeelguilty?

•  “IfeelthatIamfacedwithanethicaldilemmawhenwri1nglessservice1me

onanIEPthanastudentneeds,butIknowIcan’tprovideanymoregivenmydu=es.Howdopeoplehandlethis?”

Trendsthatweno=ced…•  75%ac=vitywas“caseloadrelated”.•  Directservicehoveredaround2hoursaday.•  Foreveryhourofdirectservice,thereseemedtobeanothertwohoursofindirectservice,crisisinterven=on,documenta=on/assessment,&mee=ngs.

•  LargestIndirectservicewasconsulta=onwithstaff(about55min).

•  School-wide&preven=onwaslessthan20minutesaday.•  Notwomonthswerethesame.Jobisinfluencedbythe=meofyear.

•  Whendocumenta=on/assessmentwerehigher,directservicewasmostlylower.

3.Doesthismatchyour8hourday?Yes,Somewhat,No

Direct(25.22%),

2:01

Indirect(20%),1:36

Crisis(3.8%),0:18

Document/Assess

(18.42%),1:28

Mee1ngs(7.28%),0:34

Crisis/Non-Caseload(.

83%),0:04

Pre-Interven1on(1.46%),0:07

SchoolWidePreven1on(2.36%),

0:11

Prof/D(4.44%),0:21

Supervision/Mentor(1.08%),0:02

Travel(2.44%),0:11 Other(12.67%),1:00

Discusswithyourpartner:

• Poll:– 3.Doesthismatchyour8hourday– Whatdoyouwonder?

Benefitsfromuse…•  Conversa1onswithadministrators.Helpedbringdatatothetable.Wasn’tsoledata,butwashelpfulincrea=ngunderstandingofthejob.Tworeportedcasesofincreasedstaffing.

•  Self-reflec1on…–  ThisiswhatIdo…sawvaluetothetasksathand.–  Isthisthebestwaytousemy=me?

•  Conversa1onswithotherSSWs/staffaboutprac=ceandsystemsissues.Problem-solvealterateprac=ces.

•  Poten1al:usesinFieldEduca=on,ResearchandAdvocacy/Policy.

Year1Time-StudyEvalua=on•  Dearthofliteratureonuseof1me-studyworkwithSSWandSMH

•  “Workloadvs.Caseload”literatureinnursing,medicine,andSLPofferssomeideas

•  Time-StudyProjectwasamixed-methodsstudy(analyzingdatafromthemonthly1me-studytools,datafromthemonthlyconversa1onsonline,andconduc1ngin-depthinterviewsattheconclusion)

GoalsofPilotStudyWesoughttoanswertheseques1onswiththisini1alpilotproject:

•  1) Howsuccessfulwasthe1me-studytoolinbecomingausefulandprac1caltoolforSSWstointegrateintotheirbusyworkday?

•  2) Whatkeyfindingsmightemergefromthisfirstyearofpilotdatatoinformourunderstandingofprac1ce,giventhelackof1me-studyliteratureinthefield?

•  3) Howwouldthepar1cipantsthemselvesviewtheexperienceoftheCoPandthe1me-studyprocessinenhancingtheirsenseofself-efficacyintheirdailyprac1ce?

•  4) Asakeycomponentofself-efficacy,howdidthe1me-studydataimpactSSWsrela1onshipswiththeirschooladministra1onandotherkeyschoolstakeholders?

PilotStudyFindings•  Differentmonths=DifferentTimePriori-es.•  DirectServiceWasJusttheStartofSSWService,nottheEndPoint.

•  School-widePreven-onWorkBarelyRegisteredDay-to-Day.

•  Documenta-on-mecon-nuedtoincrease,andencroachedonSSWs-meawayfromschool.

•  Astableworkloadprofileemergedfromthedata,butalsoledtolargerdiscussionsaboutthechangingroleofSSWs.

MoreFindings:Interviews•  KeyTheme#1:CoPmemberschosethisprojecttoimprovetheirprac-ce,andtoadvocateforthevalueoftheirrole.

•  KeyTheme#2:CoPmembersquicklyintegratedthetoolintotheirday-to-dayprac-ce,andsawitasavaluableongoingtoolforthem.

•  KeyTheme#3:CoPmemberssawtheindirectservicedataasarevela-on,andavalida-onoftheirwork.

2016-17•  DevelopinganAPPusingresourcesthroughLoyola.

•  ExaminemovingworktoLoyola.•  Cohort2ofCommunityofPrac=ce.•  Pilotversion2.0.•  Allowandtracknon-CoPfolks.•  Explore/Developpartnershipswithothersacrosscountry.

OurCurrentCommunityofPrac=ce

•  MeetsonceamonthonWednesdayanernoons(3:30-4:45pm)

•  Inpersonorvirtually.•  AccesstoatopSSWresearcher,MichaelSKelly.•  Opportunityforprac=cereflec=onbasedondata.•  OpportunityforlearningaboutEBPand=mesavers.

•  Con=nuingEduca=onCredits.

Poll:4.Basedonwhatyouhaveheardtoday,wouldyoubeinterestedin

doinga=mestudyprojectwithyourdistrictorregioncolleagues?

YesNo

Maybe

Links/Contact•  Documentwithlinks:h[ps://docs.google.com/document/d/10eyiAOilBMHxrhRVKZwY0tIMDJ7FSI_zxEQ6pVd67zM/edit?usp=sharing

•  Twiker:@oaklandssw•  Scoop.it:h[p://www.scoop.it/t/school-social-work-effec=veness

•  Torequestacopyoftool(version2.0),pleasecontact:SteveWhitmoreatSteve.Whitmore@oakland.k12.mi.us