Itis Final Report

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Project Report

Lab Sec L01

Linux Lackeys

Team 4

April 24, 2012


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Table of Contents

Overview...3

Installing Services....................3

Active Directory...................4

DNS and FTP........................8

Logging into Services.....................11

Installing Apache........................15

Updating and Maintaining....................17

Summary............................18


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Overview

The goal of this report is to explain the project, show how it was implemented, the final working

product, as well as how to fix, maintain, and upgrade the project in the future. This project was made to help

enable a network where files from one workstation need to be transferred to other workstations. This could

be used for places that need to administer files to multiple workstations in a network. This includes, but is not

limited to, academic institutions, businesses, and for everyday home use.

The concentration of this report will be on a network where a FTP server for windows 2008 connects to

an Ubuntu machine which in turn can send files to the Apache Web Server which is located on a Debian

machine. Sensitive information will be shared over this network, so Active Directory will be implemented on

the Windows server. This will require login verification before the server can be fully accessed. To make things

easier for network users, we will implement a DNS server to map out networks IP to actual Domain Names.

Installing Services

There are a few items that are needed in order for the network to run properly. First, A Windows 2008

server needs to be installed on a Windows machine first. The installation of the web server could be found on

their website, and it is simple to do. No tech savvy knowledge is needed to get the default set up and running,

which is what we used. In addition, the workstations need to be connected to a router, in this case a Linksys

router.


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Active Directory

Active Directory (AD) is a directory service created by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. Server computers that run Active

Directory are called domain controllers and this is what Schools, Hospitals, and businesses use to make usernames and passwords

for employees/students in the scope.

Creating Active Directory on Windows 2008

1. We first had to assign a Static IP Address. This must be done because if you use DHCP on a Domain Controller(Server), thecomputers connected to it will not be able to communicate. We went to Start then Run and typed in the Windows

Network Connections Shortcut--ncpa.cpl. Below is the screenshot of our IP we assigned our Server. To get here, right click

the Local area connection you want to use, go to properties, then Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4).

2. Next we installed the Active Directory Server Role and Also Included DNS . We went to Start and Run and typed theWindows Server Shortcut-ServerManager.msc. Below is the Screenshot of is Installing our AD & DNS Roles.

Here, you need to enter your networksIP configuration. Remember, the IP

address should be unique to your

workstation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_service


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2a) Go to roles, Active Directory, and

follow the instructions. For this part

(shown in screenshot) make sure youcheck Active Directory Rights

Management Services.

2b) Once you follow the simple

installation instructions, you should

come to this screen. If it says

Installation Succeeded, then you are

done! After the window closes, make

sure you restart the workstation.


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Configuring Active Directory in Windows 2008 Server

1. To configure Active Directory, we went to Start and Run and typed the Windows Server Shortcut-dcpromo.exe. ScreenshotBelow.

2. Next we Made the Created our Domain Name(lab.class). Since it's the first domain it's the 1st in the Forest. ScreenshotBelow.

3. After we created the Domain name, it automatically configured the NetBIOS/FQDN and asked us for a password to createso we can manage the AD directory files

2a) Since this is a new

domain, make sure

create a new domain

in a new forest, is

selected

3a) Here, you specify where you

want the AD Database file to go.

This is the default, we suggest

3b) This is where you wait for theDNS installation to finish. After

that, your Active Directory has

been successfully configured.


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Adding Users to Active Directory in Windows 2008 Server

1. In order to keep control of our Users and what they do on our Network Usernames and Passwords must be created inActive Directory. We went to Start and Run and typed the Windows Server Shortcut-DSA.MSC.

2. After this Opens we created the Organizational Unit "IT". This creates a logical listing of what departments users arelocated in under a domain.

2a) Go to Action -> New

-> Organizational Unit

2b) This will create an

Organizational Unit IT

file on the left hand

side. You can also add

printers, Groups, etc

2c) This shows the

users we created for

the project.

Whenever you need

to add/remove a

user, go to this screen

and remove them.


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DNS & FTP

Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical distributed naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the

Internet or a private network. DNS is responsible for name to IP conversion behind the scenes. A example that people use to

explain the Domain Name System is that it serves as the phone book for the Internet by translating human-friendly computer

hostnames into IP addresses. We implemented this in our Project because it makes it easier to Map all our services to a name.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files from one host to another host over a TCP-based

network, such as the Internet. For our project scenario we often used FTP to upload web pages and other documents from Ubuntu

machine to our Debian Apache web-hosting server.

Creating DNS & FTP roles in Windows 2008 Server

To install DNS & FTP Role, we went to Start and Run and typed the Windows Server Shortcut-ServerManager.msc. Below is the

Screenshot of is Installing our DNS & FTP Roles.

Configuring & assigning DNS in Windows 2008 Server

1. In order to Link Names to the IP address our FTP server is on and our Company Web Server. We went to Start and Run andtyped the Windows Server Shortcut-dnsmgmt.msc. Then we created a (A or AAAA New Host) record.

Make sure you have right boxes

checked. Also, make sure you check IIS

Management Scripts. Approve the

changes, then you have finished creating

the roles.

1a) Go to Action -> new Host (A or

AAAA)


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Configuring FTP in Windows 2008 Server

1) In order for the IT department to send Updated Web Server Files and company files FTP server was configured. Using theStart- Run inetmgr6 command shortcut it opened the FTP Configuration screen. From there we created a Virtual Directory

Listing and provided the path of the Folder. We made the Path folder the directory of our Apache Web Server. Screenshot

A shows the Setup and Screenshot C shows Ubuntu Linux authenticated to our Domain Controller(AD) using FTP to list

the contents of our Web Server.

1b) Apache webserver assigned in DNS

to IP 192.168.1.148

Right click on Default FTP Site, New ->

Virtual Directory


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2)

Once that is done, we went to our workstation running Ubuntu. From the terminal, we executed ftp 192.168.1.144. Thescreenshot shows the workstation successfully connecting to the FTP in Windows 2008. It connected because the

workstation was connected to the windows 2008 workstation through the Linksys router.

Apache webserver assigned in

DNS to IP 192.168.1.148.

Successful connection to the FTP

Server

ck on Browse and browse for a

ace to put the FTP directory

der. Here, we put it on the

sktop for easy access,


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Logging into Active Directory

Using Ubuntu

Windows Server 2008 Active Directory can be logged into from an Ubuntu machine by using a tool called Likewise. Once

logged in, various actions such as file transfers can be performed.

Setting a Static IP and installing Likewise

1. A static IP must be set to connect to the Windows Server through Likewise. Open Networks, go to Wired, and IPv4 settings.Enter the desired static IP for the workstation, 192.168.1.30 in our case, 255.255.255.0 subnet mask, 192.168.1.1 gateway,

and finally the Windows Servers DNS address, 192.168.1.20 in our setup. Below is what our Ubuntu machines Network

settings looked like.

2. Next we needed to install Likewise. Open a terminal and type the following command to install the software:Sudo apt-get likewise install likewise-open5Below(a) is the command being run. After this enter Y for yes to complete the install. (b) is the install complete.

Setting up the static IP of the Ubuntu

machine.


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2a)

Command

being run

2b)

Installati

on

complete


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Configuring Ubuntu for Likewise

1. To connect to the Windows Server properly Likewise needs to have a few files edited. Run the following command in aterminal, which will open a file:

Sudo gedit /etc/nsswitch.conf

2. Next the AD login screen needs to be configured. Run the following command in the terminal:Sudo gedit /etc/samba/lwiauthd.conf

1a) Edit

the file to

look like

the

picture

2a) Edit

the file to

look like

the

picture


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Logging in to Active Directory with Likewise

1. Finally we run the following command to begin logging into our Active Directory:Sudo domainjoin-cli join lab.class(your server name) administrator(desired user)

If everything goes well, picture (a) will result. From here you can run terminal commands to communicate and transfer files

to the server.

If you have an error in your Likewise or Active Directory configuration picture (b) will result.

2. Ubuntu, with the help of Likewise, should be able to communicate with the FTP server on the windows 2008 server. Backon the Windows Server, once the Ubuntu machine is logged in, its information can be seen in Active Directory as it is in

picture (a).


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Installing Apache on Debian

1) The Apache Web Server will run on a Debian machine, to install Apache, you need to go to the Synaptic Package Manager.Find the package apache2 and install it. Accept any defaults and wait for the installation to complete.

2) Before anything else can be done, we need to configure apache. Go to the terminal and enter vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/default. This will take you to a file that we need to configure. Change the file to match what is below. This will tell

Apache to look in the root level for a file named /finalProject. That is where Apache will look for the files to be put on the

server.


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3) Apache needs to be reset every time that file is changed. To do this go to the terminal and execute the command/etc/init.d/apache2 restart. Now, inside the /finalProject folder, you need to set up a file structure. You can do it as you

please, but that is how the files will show on the webpage. Notice: Adding .html files will render them as webpages.

4) Once the files have been put in place, you can create a webpage that can show the listing of the files you put as shown inthe image below.

5) All that has to be done is right click on the link and click on save as. The file willautomatically start downloading to the folder you send it to.

Notice that

/finalProject is what

we chose to put as

the name of our

main directory file.

You can name itwhatever you want.


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Updating and Maintaining

Our network does not have to be maintained around the clock, only when new information needs to

be shared among the workstations in the network. When a new file needs to be sent out to other

workstations, an administrator or a trusted user has to log in to Windows Server 2008 and physically drop the

file in the FTP file sharing folder. Alternatively, Ubuntus Likewise software could send files from it to the

Apache Server or the FTP server needs be. This provides two workstations with full control, in case one is

deemed unusable at that time. As a precautionary note, all the files need to be backed up constantly when

things have been changed. This will protect against any system failures and it will preserve the network

configurations if the main workstations failed indefinitely.

Our small network was meant to be easily upgradeable and simple to maintain. We only practiced our

network with three workstations, Windows, Ubuntu, and Debian. However, more can be easily configured so

more workstations can be added to the list. In order for this to happen, the network has to have a router that

can handle the high-level traffic. Once a compatible router has been found, the workstations need to be

connected to the same network. So proper router configuration is needed. Once that is done, see page 7,


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Adding Users to Active Directory, to check on how to add more users for protection. The Apache web host

should be accessible by everyone at this point, due to it being located in local hosting. Local hosting is

accessible to anyone with validation by Active Directory as well as being hooked up to the same network.

Summary

In conclusion, this report showcased our working file sharing network insisting of a FTP windows 2008

server as well as an Apache Web Server running on a Debian machine. From this project, we have learned how

to implement a small network where files can be transferred for sharing as well on how to think outside the

box to fix our problems. This project was considerably harder than what we did in our labs for one thing only,

we had no help from the professor nor did we have an instruction sheet to follow. Some of our techniques

where trial and errors and we learned sometimes, that its the best way to fix a problem. We walked away

with a better understanding on how networking works as well as the workings and implementation of web

servers.


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Team Members:

Capt Name (Printed) Signature

* 1) Nader Abdel-Jaber

2)

Clyde Tuitt

3) Jesse Nave

4) David Nixon

Itis Final Report

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