Italy 1200 to 1400
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Transcript of Italy 1200 to 1400
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Quattrocento Italian Art
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Early Renaissance Theme
PMA- Perspective- Modeling- Anatomy
“Positive Mental Attitude”P=AM^2
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What was happening during the quattrocento?
• Humanism flourished!• Gutenberg’s printing press• Wealth & Power
– Condottieri (military leaders) – Princely Courts– The Medici Family
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The Baptistery door competition of 1401
-Originally 7 finalists, only 2 panels survive-Between Brunelleschi & Ghiberti
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Filippo Brunelleschi
Sacrifice of Isaac
1401-1402gilded bronze relief1 ft. 9 in. x 1 ft. 5 in.
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Lorenzi Ghiberti
Sacrifice of Isaac
1401-1402gilded bronze relief1 ft. 9 in. x 1 ft. 5 in.
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Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
Guilds commission sculptures for niches
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Nanni di Banco
Quattro Santo Coronati
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
ca. 1408-1414marblefigure approximately life-size
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Donatello
Saint Mark
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
1411-1413marblefigure 7 ft. 9 in. high
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Donatello
Saint George
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
1411-1413marblefigure 6 ft. 10 in. high
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Donatello
Feast of Herod
Baptistery, Siena Cathedral
ca. 1425gilded bronze relief1 ft. 11 in. x 1 ft. 11 in.
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Lorenzo Ghiberti
Gates of Paradise
Baptistery, Florence Cathedral
1425-1452gilded bronze reliefapproximately 17 ft. high
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Perspective - constructing convincing illusion of space in 2D imagery
Linear perspectiveAtmospheric perspective
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Lorenzo Ghiberti
Gates of Paradise
Isaac and His Sons
Baptistery, Florence Cathedral
1425-1452gilded bronze reliefpanel approximately 2 ft. 7 1/2 in. x 2 ft. 7 1/2 in.
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Lorenzo Ghiberti
Isaac and His Sons
Baptistery, Florence Cathedral
1425-1452gilded bronze relief
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Donatello
David
ca. 1428-1432bronze5 ft. 2 1/4 in. high
Symbol of Florence
First fully nude male freestanding sculpture since antiquity
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Andrea del Verrocchio
David
ca. 1465-1470bronzeapproximately 4 ft. 1 1/2 in. high
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Antonio Pollaiuolo
Hercules and Anteus
ca. 1475bronzeapproximately 18 in. high
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Donatello
Gattamelata (Erasmo da Narni)
Piazza del Santo, Padua, Italy
ca. 1445-1450bronze approximately 11 x 13 ft.
Condottieres (military leaders)
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Andrea del Verrocchio
Bartolommeo Colleoni
Campo dei Santi, Venice Italy
ca. 1483-1488bronzeapproximately 13 ft. high
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Gentile da Fabriano
Adoration of the Magi Altarpiece
from Santa Trinita, Florence, Italy
1423tempera on woodapproximately 9 ft. 11 in. x 9 ft. 3 in.
FLORENTINE PAINTING
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Masaccio
Tribute Money
Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence, Italy
ca. 1427fresco8 ft. 1 in. x 19 ft. 7 in.
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Masaccio
Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden
Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence, Italy
ca. 1425fresco7 ft. x 2 ft. 11 in.
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Masaccio
Holy Trinity
Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
ca. 1428fresco21 ft. x 10 ft. 5 in.
One-point perspective
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Masaccio
Holy Trinity
Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
ca. 1428fresco21 ft. x 10 ft. 5 in.
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Pyramidal composition
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“I was once what you are, and what I am you will become”
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Fra Angelico
Annunciation
San Marco, Florence, Italy
ca. 1440-1445fresco7 ft. 1 in. x 10 ft. 6 in.
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Andrea del Castagno
Last Supper
Refectory monastery of Sant’Apollonia, Florence, Italy
1447frescoapproximately 15 x 32 ft.
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Fra Filippo Lippi
Madonna and Child with Angels
ca. 1455tempera on woodapproximately 3 ft. x 2 ft. 1 in.
Fra Filippo Lippi, the Florentine bad boy
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Domenico Ghirlandaio
Birth of the Virgin
Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
1485-1490fresco
Religious + secular imagery
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Domenico Ghirlandaio
Giovanna Tornabuoni
1448oil and tempera on woodapproximately 2 ft. 6 in. x 1 ft. 8 in.
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Paolo Uccello
Battle of San Romano
ca. 1455tempera on woodapproximately 6 ft. x 10 ft. 5 in.
Gentile’s “Adoration of the Magi”
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Sandro Botticelli
Primavera
ca. 1482tempera on canvas5 ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. 1 in.
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Sandro Botticelli
The Birth of Venus
ca. 1482tempera on canvas5 ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. 1 in.
Medici patronage reflects their sincere love of art and wide and eclectic tastes
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Antonio Pollaiuolo
Battle of the Ten Nudes
ca. 1465engravingapproximately 15 x 23 in.
écorché
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Filippo Brunelleschi
dome of Florence Cathedral
Florence, Italy
1420-1436 **Roman influence!
Innovations: -Double shell-Ribs-Heavy lantern
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Filippo Brunelleschi
interior of Santo Spirito
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1436
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Filippo Brunelleschi
plan of Santo Spirito
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1436 planned constructed
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Filippo Brunelleschi
interior of Santo Spirito
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1436
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Filippo Brunelleschi
Pazzi, Chapel, Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1440
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Filippo Brunelleschi (loggia by Giuliano da Maiano)
Pazzi, Chapel, Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1440
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Filippo Brunelleschi
Pazzi, Chapel, Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1440
Family endowed chapels
“pietra serena”
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Michelozzo di Bartolommeo
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Florence, Italy
begun 1444
Cornice
Stringcourses
Dressed
masonry
Rustication
Why didn’t Brunellechi design the Medici Palace?
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Michelozzo di Bartolommeo
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Florence, Italy
begun 1444
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Leon Battista Alberti
•First Renaissance architect to understand Roman Architecture in depth
•Advocated a system of ideal proportions • central plan as ideal form for Christian
churches• an arch should be supported by a
section of wall (a pier) and not by a column
• Disposed of medieval arcade used for centuries
•Applied classical elements to contemporary buildings
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Leon Battista Alberti
Palazzo Rucellai
Florence, Italy
ca. 1452-1470
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Leon Battista Alberti
West façade of Santa Maria Novella
Florence, Italy
ca. 1458-1470
San Miniato
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Perugino
Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to Saint Peter
Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome, Italy
1481-1483fresco11 ft. 5 1/2 in. x 18 ft. 8 1/2 in.
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Luca Signorelli
Damned Cast into Hell
San Brizio Chapel, Orvietto Cathedral, Orvietto, Italy
1499-1504frescoapproximately 23 ft. wide
Savonarola – Burn the vanities! Exile the Medici!
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Piero della Francesca
Enthroned Madonna and Saints Adored by Federico de Montefeltro
ca. 1472-1474oil on panel8 ft. 2 in. x 5 ft. 7 in.
“Sacra conversazione”
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Piero della Francesca
Flagellation of Christ
ca. 1455-65
oil on panel1’11” x 2’8” Piero Mathematics
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Leon Battista Alberti
façade of Sant’Andrea
Mantua, Italy
designed ca. 1470
How does Alberti combine classical elements to fit a Christian purpose?
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Sant’Andrea, interior
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Andrea Mantegna
Camera degli Sposi
Palazzo Ducale, Mantua, Italy
1474fresco
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Andrea Mantegna
Camera degli Sposi ceiling
Palazzo Ducale, Mantua, Italy
1474fresco8 ft. 9 in. diameter
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Andrea Mantegna
Dead Christ
ca. 1501tempera on canvas2 ft. 2 3/4 in. x 2 ft. 7 7/8 in.
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Sandro Botticelli
Portrait of a Youth
early 1480stempera on panel16 x 12 in.
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Domenico Ghirlandaio
A Man with His Grandchild
ca. 1480-90oil and tempera on wood24 3/8 in. x 18 1/8 in.