Italian Passport 17 Feb 2012 Ebs Finale
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Italy: biometric passport update
Alessandro Alessandroni
European Biometrics Symposium Brussels- 17th February 2012
DigitPA
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overview
Introduction
Legislative framework
Privacy issues
Biometrics quality
Passport verification
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Involved Agencies
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE): responsible for issuing passports to Italian nationals abroad, at Italian diplomatic-consular missions
• Ministry of Interior (MI):owner of the issuing process, responsible for issuing passports in Italy, at the police offices (Questure)
• Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato (IPZS), the national
printing office: official government contractor for Italy’s electronic passport technology
• DigitPA(*) (National Agency for the Digitalisation of Italian Public Administration): technical guideline for biometrics
BioLAB - University of Bologna
(*) ex CNIPA
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Passport issuing
Consular posts
Police offices
National data center
M.F.A.
IPZS
CVCA
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legislation
Reg EC n.2252/2004
Dec. C(2005) 409
Dec. C(2006)2909
Reg EC n.44/2009
DL 31.03.2005 n.43 After 01.01.2006: MRTD -> e-MRTD
DM MAE 29.11.2005 Document and chip characteristics
DM MAE 31.03.2006 Operative instructions
DM MAE 23.06.2009
• Passport with fingerprints
European level National level
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DPA decisions
DL 31.03.2005 n.43 After 01.01.2006: MRTD -> e-MRTD
DM MAE 29.11.2005 Document and chip characteristics
(DB without fingerprints)
DM MAE 31.03.2006 Operative instructions
( DB without fingerprints)
DM MAE 23.06.2009 Passport with fingerprints
( DB without fingerprints)
Decision 26.07.2005 Biometric data used only for one-to-one
verification
Biometrics data not centrally stored
Decision 27.01.2006 Biometric data used only for one-to-one
verification
Biometrics data not centrally stored
Decision 18.06.2009 It 's necessary to define the offices
responsible for issuing the passport
DPA
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Privacy issues
Biometric data stored in the chip can be used only for identity verification
Fingerprint captured are stored encripted locally and sent on vpn to the central system for digital signature
After the registration in the passport the biometrics data are deleted
Fingerprints are not stored in DB
Faces in DB can't be used for 1:N identification
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DigitPA Guidelines
Technical guidelines to assure quality and interoperability of biometric data
Hw and sw requirements
Enrollment procedures
Privacy and security issues
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Biometrics quality
Face image Photo scanner
Icao compliance sw
Compression
Fingerprint images Fingerprint scanner
Quality assurance sw
Compression
Enrollment procedure (best finger and best images selection)
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Photo scanner
The photo capture device must allow the acquisition of images of size 3.5 cm x 4.5 cm with an optical resolution of at least 360 dpi and 24 bit RGB color depth.
The capture device can be a flatbed scanner or an equivalent device.
The characteristics of the device and accompanying software shall not adversely affect the quality of the scanned image introducing noticeable chromatic aberration, geometric distortion and blurriness.
The device must provide output in a bmp file format without any compression of the image.
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11
Application Assessing Face Image Compliance to ISO/IEC 19794-5
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Face image compliance sw
Performance evaluation of three applications with a database of compliant and non-compliant face images (*) shows that some requirements (blurred, unnatural skin tone, washed out, etc.) are easily
verifiable by an automatic software;
characteristics like hair across eyes or frame covering eyes are difficult to be automatically evaluated, and a human expert inspection is recommended;
characteristics such as too dark/light image and mouth open are not classified accurately by the SDKs, but a deeper analysis of the problem and the availability of training images would certainly allow to significantly improve the performance.
In the photo acquisition process the software application is used as a support for the operator, but is not binding on the acceptance of the photos.
(*) A. Alessandroni, M. Ferrara, A. Franco, D. Maio, D. Maltoni and L Palumbo, “Evaluating systems assessing
face-image compliance with ICAO/ISO standards” - Technical Report, DEIS - University of Bologna, March 2008
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Applications Assessing Face Image Compliance to ISO/IEC 19794-5 Standard
Evaluation results
1 1 2 3
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Fingerprint scanner
Requirements based on results of test to evaluate the effects of the various quality parameters on automated fingerprint recognition (*)
1”x1” IAFIS/Appendix F IAFIS/Appendix F PIV PIV PIV
High impact
Low impact
CNIPA-A
(*) A. Alessandroni, R. Cappelli, M. Ferrara and D. Maltoni, "Definition of Fingerprint Scanner Image Quality Specifications by Operational Quality", in proceedings European Workshop on Biometrics and Identity Management (BIOID 2008), Roskilde, Denmark, pp.29-35, May 2008
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Enrollment process
Starting from index, three separate images are captured (by placing the finger three times on the scanner).
For each image, the quality score (NFIQ) is calculated.
The systems matches the three images against each other to avoid substitutions.
The best image, according to match score, is selected for storage
If no image has a score 1, 2 or 3, the operator acquires the fingerprint of the next finger in the sequence: index, middle, ring and thumb
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Quality results (30/01/2012)
NFIQ=1
NFIQ=3
NFIQ=2
Right index
Left index
98% NFIQ = 1,2,3
96% finger = index
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Fingerprint verification for passport issuance
The citizen in case of impediment can appoint another person to collect the document
The verification is done when the citizen receives his or her passport
The applicant enrolls the same set of fingerprints using the fingerprint scanner
The software application uses matching algorithm to compare these new fingerprint images to the images contained in the passport chip
In case of problems a new passport is issued free of charge
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Seminario DigitPA “P@norama” sulle tecnologie innovative - 17 gennaio 2011
SIDAF
National Police DB
Trust and False
specimen
SDI/SIS
National Police DB
Schengen DB
Lost & stolen docs
MIPG
National Police
Document workflow
C-VIS
Biometric visaSIMSi
National Border Police
Statistical System
Border Information System (SIF)
CVCA/DV
e-Passport
National PKD
Passport and
Permit to stay
certificates
Border Police First line SIF clients
External systems
SIF
CVCA/DV
Permit to stay
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Automatic Border Control (ABC) pilot project
DigitPA supports the Border Police project funded by european external borders fund
automatic gates for travelers crossing external borders at Milano-Malpensa Airport
automatic verification of the identity of the traveler by means of passport and other biometric travel documents (face recognition)
deployment of three different solutions in order to verify impact and benefits
Starting mid-2013
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Mobile verification
Pilot projects with mobile devices for document and identity verification
In the field:
Car-based mobile device (tablet pc + add-on)
handheld device
At the border (seaports)
DigitPA and Italian Border Police partecipate to the European Mobile Identification Working Group (e-MOBIDIG)
www.e-mobidig.eu
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Reuse of passport best practices
Technical guidelines for biometrics reused for:
New Residence permit card
Same technical requirements
Same enrolment procedures
New ID-card