It is a technique used to produce large quantities of replicated DNA.
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Transcript of It is a technique used to produce large quantities of replicated DNA.
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POLIMERASE CHAIN REACTION
Juanita Salgado Nicolás Borrero
Nicolás Jaramillo.
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P.C.R• It is a technique used to produce large
quantities of replicated DNA.
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• One of its uses is when having to analyze something of which you don’t have a lot of sample because by having larger quantities, the analysis is easier.
• Examples: blood, semen, hair, saliva and other tissues (amplified using PCR).
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• The PCR is required at high temperatures and also needs the help of the polymerase enzyme, found in Thermus aquaticus (bacteria).
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PROCESS• The DNA fragment of interest is taken away
along with some nucleotides, primers and the enzyme.
• They are placed at temperatures around 95°C so that it can be denatured (breaking hydrogen bonds that hold together the structure).
Primer: a strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
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• The temperature is reduced to 60°C so primers can form hydrogen bonds with the complementary base pairs of the DNA (following base pair rules).
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• The temperature is raised to 72°C, so the enzyme works efficiently and begins polymerizing until both strands of the DNA are created.
• This process repeats various times, having as a result, many copies of the same DNA fragment.
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Bibliography
• http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/pcr.html
• http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/emfpu/genetics/explained/images/PCR-process.gif/image
• http://openwetware.org/images/f/f5/CH391L_S12_PCR_process.gif