1

IT ARCHIVE

Executive Committee

Chief Patron : Thiru. A. K. Ilango B.Com., M.B.A., L.L.B., Avl.,

Patron : Dr. N. Raman M.Com., M.B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.

Editor in Chief : Dr. B. Jayanthi M.C.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.

Staff Advisor

Mrs. S. Vanitha M.C.A., M.Phil.,

Assistant Professor,

Department of Computer Science (P.G.).

Staff Editor

Dr. B. Jayanthi M.C.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.

Associate Professor,

Department of Computer Science (P.G.).

Organizing Members

Mr. S.SARAVANAKUMAR III MCA

Ms. A. VINITHA III MCA

Ms. S. GUNAVATHI III MCA

Ms. H. DHARANI PRIYA III MCA

Ms. N. AISWARYA III MCA

Ms. C. MADHUMITHA III MCA

Ms. D. KEERTHANA III MCA

Ms. M. SANGAVI III MCA

Ms. J. CHITRADEVI III MCA

Mr. T. GOKUL III MCA

Ms. S. NANDHINI III MCA

Ms. S. SARANYA III MCA

Words by Swami Vivekananda

NAVIGATOR

VOL - 50

SharePoint - 3

Linux Focus - 12

Technologies - 15

Intellect Explore - 18

Career Objectives - 20

Windows - 23

Company Profile - 27

Tips and Tricks - 31

Monthly Event Gist - 32

Freedom can never be reached by the weak. Throw away all weakness. Tell your body that it

is strong, tell your mind that it is strong, and have unbounded faith and hope in yourself.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We wish to thank our Correspondent Thiru. A. K. Ilango B.Com., M.B.A., L.L.B.,

Avl, for the support to publish the magazine and also we thank our principal Dr. N. Raman

M.Com., M.B.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., for considerable support to us during this effort. We

proudly thank our Chief Editor, Staff Advisor, Staff Editor, Staff members and the Students

of Department of Computer Science (P.G.) for their guidance and suggestions to complete

the magazine.

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SHAREPOINT

SharePoint is a web-based, collaborative

platform that integrates with Microsoft

Office. Launched in 2001, SharePoint is

primarily sold as a document management

and storage system, but the product is highly

configurable and usage varies substantially

between organizations.

Microsoft states that SharePoint has 190

million users across 200,000 customer

organizations

Editions

There are various editions of SharePoint

which have different functions:

SharePoint Server

SharePoint Server is provided to

organizations that seek greater control over

SharePoint's behavior or design. This

product is installed on the customer's IT

infrastructure. It receives less frequent

updates, but has access to a wider set of

features and customization capabilities.

There are three editions of SharePoint

Server: Standard, Enterprise, and

Foundation (free) which was discontinued in

2016. These servers may be provisioned as

normal virtual/cloud servers, or as hosted

services.

SharePoint Standard

Microsoft SharePoint Standard builds on the

Microsoft SharePoint Foundation in a few

key product areas.

• Sites: Audience targeting,

governance tools, secure store

service, web analytics functionality.

• Communities: 'MySites' (personal

profiles including skills

management, and search tools),

enterprise wikis, organization

hierarchy browser, tags and notes.

• Content: Improved tooling and

compliance for document & record

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management, managed metadata,

word automation services, content

type management.

• Search: Better search results, search

customization abilities, mobile

search, 'Did you mean?' OS search

integration, Faceted Search, and

metadata/relevancy/date/location-

based refinement options.

• Composites: Pre-built workflow

templates, BCS profile pages.

• SharePoint Standard licensing

includes a CAL (client access

license) component and a server fee.

SharePoint Standard may also be

licensed through a cloud model.

SharePoint Enterprise

Built upon SharePoint Standard, Microsoft

SharePoint Enterprise features can be

unlocked simply by providing an additional

license key.

Extra features in SharePoint Enterprise

include:

• Search thumbnails and previews,

rich web indexing, better search

results.

• Business intelligence integration,

dashboards, and business data

surfacing.

• PowerPivot and PerformancePoint.

• Microsoft Office Access, Visio,

Excel, and InfoPath Forms services.

• SharePoint Enterprise Search

extensions.

SharePoint Enterprise licensing includes a

CAL component and a server fee that must

be purchased in addition to SharePoint

Server licensing. SharePoint Enterprise may

also be licensed through a cloud model.

SharePoint Online

Microsoft's hosted SharePoint is typically

bundled in Microsoft Office 365

subscriptions, but can be purchased outright.

It’s a version of SharePoint, but it’s not

exactly the same as SharePoint.

5

It is limited to a core set of collaboration,

file hosting, and document and content

management scenarios, and is updated on a

frequent basis, but is typically comparable

with SharePoint Enterprise. Currently,

additional capabilities include:

• Support for SharePoint Framework

extensions

• New "Modern" (Responsive)

SharePoint UX (partially included in

2016 - Feature Pack 1)

• Yammer Integration & Office 365

Groups

• Integration with Outlook Web App

• Newer versions of Online Office

Document Editor Tools

• Removal of various file size/number

limitations

• Apps Concept

Missing capabilities include

• Some search & UI customizations

• Many web publishing capabilities

• Service Application administration

options

• Many customization/solution types

will not run

• No ability to read error (ULS) logs

N.B. Changes in SharePoint Online are

listed on the Office Roadmap.

SharePoint Intranet

SharePoint can be used to build intranets.

SharePoint Intranet providers like Intranet

bee are building Intranet at top of

SharePoint.

Applications

SharePoint usage varies from organization

to organization. The product encompasses a

wide variety of capabilities, most of which

require configuration and governance.

The most common uses of the SharePoint

include:

Enterprise content and document

management

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Enterprise content management and

document management

SharePoint allows for storage, retrieval,

searching, archiving, tracking, management,

and reporting on electronic documents and

records. Many of the functions in this

product are designed around various legal,

information management, and process

requirements in organizations. SharePoint

also provides search and 'graph'

functionality. SharePoint's integration with

Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Office

allow for collaborative real-time editing, and

encrypted/information rights managed

synchronization.

This capability is often used to replace an

existing corporate file server, and is

typically coupled with an enterprise content

management policy.

Intranet and social network

Intranet portal and Social Network

A SharePoint intranet or intranet portal is a

way to centralize access to enterprise

information and applications. It is a tool that

helps an organization manage its internal

communications, applications and

information more easily. Microsoft claims

that this has organizational benefits such as

increased employee engagement,

centralizing process management, reducing

new staff on-boarding costs, and providing

the means to capture and share tacit

knowledge (e.g. via tools such as wikis).

Collaborative software

SharePoint contains team collaboration

groupware capabilities, including: Project

scheduling (integrated with Outlook and

Project), social collaboration, shared

mailboxes, and project related document

storage and collaboration. Groupware in

SharePoint is based around the concept of a

"Team Site".

File hosting service (Personal Cloud)

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Personal Cloud and File hosting service

SharePoint Server hosts OneDrive for

Business, which allows storage and

synchronization of an individual's personal

documents, as well as public/private file

sharing of those documents. This is typically

combined with other Microsoft Office

Servers/Services such as Microsoft

Exchange, to produce a "personal cloud",

This capability is often compared to services

like Box or Dropbox.

WebDAV can be used to access files

without using the web interface. However,

Microsoft's implementation of WebDAV

doesn't conform to the official WebDAV

protocol and therefore isn't compliant to the

WebDAV standard. For example, WebDAV

applications have to support the language

tagging functionality of the XML

specification which Microsoft's

implementation doesn't. Only Windows XP

to Windows 8 are supported.

Custom web applications

Software framework

SharePoint's custom development

capabilities provide an additional layer of

services that allow rapid prototyping of

integrated (typically line-of-business) web

applications. SharePoint provides developers

with integration into corporate directories

and data sources through standards such as

REST/OData/OAuth. Enterprise application

developers use SharePoint's security and

information management capabilities across

a variety of development platforms and

scenarios. SharePoint also contains an

enterprise "app store" that has different

types of external applications with

encapsulated and managed to access to

resources such as corporate user data and

document data.

Configuration and customization

Web-based configuration

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SharePoint is primarily configured through a

web browser. The web-based user interface

provides most of the configuration

capability of the product.

Depending on your permission level, the

web interface can be used to:

• Manipulate content structure, site

structure, create/delete sites, modify

navigation and security, or

add/remove apps.

• Enable or disable product features,

upload custom designs/themes, or

turn on integrations with other Office

products.

• Configure basic workflows, view

usage analytics, manage metadata,

configure search options, upload

customizations, and set up

integration.

SharePoint Designer

SharePoint Designer is a semi-deprecated

product that provided 'advanced editing'

capabilities for HTML/ASPX pages, but

remains the primary method of editing

SharePoint workflows.

A significant subset of HTML editing

features was removed in Designer 2013, and

the product is expected to be deprecated in

2016-7.

Microsoft SharePoint's Server Features are

configured either using PowerShell, or a

Web UI called "Central Administration".

Configuration of server farm settings (e.g.

search crawl, web application services) can

be handled through these central tools.

While Central Administration is limited to

farm-wide settings (config DB), it provides

access to tools such as the 'SharePoint

Health Analyzer', a diagnostic health-

checking tool.

In addition to PowerShell's farm

configuration features, some limited tools

are made available for administering or

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adjusting settings for sites or site collections

in content databases.

Limited subsets of these features are

available by SharePoint's SaaS providers,

including Microsoft.

Custom development

• The SharePoint Framework (SPFX)

provides a development model based

on typescript language. The technical

stack is yeoman, node.js, webstack,

gulp, npm. It embraces modern web

technologies development method. It

is the only supported way to

customize the new modern

experience user interface (UI). It is

globaly available since mid 2017. It

allows web developer to step in

Sharepoint development more easily.

• The SharePoint "App Model"

provides various types of external

applications that offer the capability

to show authenticated web-based

applications through a variety of UI

mechanisms. Apps may be either

"SharePoint-hosted" or "Provider-

hosted". Provider hosted apps may

be developed using most back-end

web technologies (e.g. ASP.net,

NodeJS, PHP). Apps are served

through a proxy in SharePoint, which

requires some DNS/certificate

manipulation in on-premises

versions of SharePoint.

• The SharePoint "Client Object

Model" (available for JavaScript and

.NET), and REST/SOAP APIs can

be referenced from many

environments, providing

authenticated users access to a wide

variety of SharePoint capabilities.

• "Sand-boxed" plugins can be

uploaded by any end-user who has

been granted permission. These are

security-restricted, and can be

governed at multiple levels

(including resource consumption

management). In multi-tenant cloud

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environments, these are the only

customization's that are typically

allowed.

• Farm features are typically fully

trusted code that needs to be installed

at a farm-level. These are considered

deprecated for new development.

• Service applications: It is possible to

integrate directly into the SharePoint

SOA bus, at a farm level.

Customization may appear through:

• Application-to-application

integration with SharePoint.

• Extensions to SharePoint

functionality (e.g. custom workflow

actions).

• 'Web Parts' (also known as

"portlets", "widgets", or "gadgets")

that provides new functionality when

added to a page.

• Pages/sites or page/site templates.

Server architecture

SharePoint Server can be scaled down to

operate entirely from one developer

machine, or scaled up to be managed across

hundreds of machines.

Farms

A SharePoint farm is a logical grouping of

SharePoint servers that share common

resources. A farm typically operates stand-

alone, but can also subscribe to functions

from another farm, or provide functions to

another farm. Each farm has its own central

configuration database, which is managed

through either a PowerShell interface, or a

Central Administration website (which relies

partly on PowerShell's infrastructure). Each

server in the farm is able to directly interface

with the central configuration database.

Servers use this to configure services (e.g.

IIS, windows features, database

connections) to match the requirements of

the farm, and to report server health issues,

resource allocation issues.

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Web applications

Web applications (WAs) are top-level

containers for content in a SharePoint farm.

A web application is associated primarily

with IIS configuration. A web application

consists of a set of access mappings or

URLs defined in the SharePoint central

management console, which are replicated

by SharePoint across every IIS Instance (e.g.

Web Application Servers) configured in the

farm.

Site collections

A site collection is a hierarchical group of

'SharePoint Sites'. Each web application

must have at least one site collection. Site

collections share common properties

(detailed here), common subscriptions to

service applications, and can be configured

with unique host names. A site collection

may have distinct content databases, or may

share a content database with other site

collections in the same web application.

Service applications

Service applications provide granular pieces

of SharePoint functionality to other web and

service applications in the farm. Examples

of service applications include the User

Profile Sync service, and the Search

Indexing service. A service application can

be turned off, exist on one server, or be

load-balanced across many servers in a

farm. Service Applications are designed to

have independent functionality and

independent security scopes.

BY

A.VINITHA

III MCA

12

LINUX FOCUS

Kali Linux is a Debian-derived Linux

distribution designed for digital forensics and

penetration testing. It is maintained and

funded by Offensive Security Ltd.

MatiAharoni, Devon Kearns and Raphaël

Hertzog are the core developers.

Development

Kali Linux has over 600preinstalled

penetration-testing programs, including

Armitage (a graphical cyber attack

management tool), Nmap (a port scanner),

Wireshark (a packet analyzer), John the

Ripperpassword cracker, Aircrack-ng (a

software suite for penetration-testing wireless

LANs), Burp suite and OWASP ZAPweb

application security scanners. Kali Linux can

run natively when installed on a computer's

hard disk, can be booted from a live CD or

live USB, or it can run within a virtual

machine. It is a supported platform of the

Metasploit Project's Metasploit Framework, a

tool for developing and executing security

exploits.

It was developed by MatiAharoni and Devon

Kearns of Offensive Security through the

rewrite of BackTrack, their previous

information security testing Linux distribution

based on Knoppix. The third core developer

Raphaël Hertzog joined them as a Debian

expert.

Kali Linux is based on Debian Testing. Most

packages Kali uses are imported from the

Debianrepositories.

Kali Linux is developed using a secure

environment with only a small number of

trusted people that are allowed to commit

packages, with each package being digitally

signed by the developer. Kali also has a

custom-built kernel that is patched for 802.11

wireless injections. This was primarily added

because the development team found they

needed to do a lot of wireless assessments.

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Requirements

1. Kali Linux requires a minimum of

20GB hard disk space for installation.

2. A minimum of 1GB RAM for i386

and AMD64 architectures.

3. A bootable CD-DVD drive or a USB

stick.

Supported platforms

Kali Linux is distributed in 32-bit and 64-bit

images for use on hosts based on the

x86instruction set and as an image for the

ARM architecture for use on the Beagle

Board computer and on Samsung's ARM

Chromebook.

The developers of Kali Linux aim to make

Kali Linux available for even more ARM

devices.

Kali Linux is already available for

BeagleBone Black, HP Chromebook,

CubieBoard 2, CuBox, CuBox-i, Raspberry

Pi, EfikaMX, Odroid U2, Odroid XU, Odroid

XU3, Samsung Chromebook, Utilite Pro,

Galaxy Note 10.1, and SS808.

With the arrival of Kali NetHunter, Kali

Linux is also officially available on

smartphones such as the Nexus 5, Nexus 6,

Nexus 7, Nexus 9, Nexus 10, OnePlus One,

and Samsung Galaxy models.

Kali Linux is available on Windows 10, on

top of Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).

The official Kali distribution for Windows

can be downloaded from the Microsoft Store.

Features

Kali Linux has a dedicated project set aside

for compatibility and porting to specific

Android devices, called Kali Linux

NetHunter.

It is the first Open Source Android

penetration testing platform for Nexus

devices, created as a joint effort between the

Kali community member “BinkyBear” and

Offensive Security. It supports Wireless

802.11 frame injection, one-click MANA Evil

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Access Point setups, HID keyboard (Teensy

like attacks), as well as Bad USB MITM

attacks.

BackTrack (Kali's predecessor) contained a

mode known as forensic mode, which was

carried over to Kali via live boot. This mode

is very popular for many reasons, partly

because many Kali users already have a

bootable Kali USB drive or CD, and this

option makes it easy to apply Kali to a

forensic job. When booted in forensic mode,

the system doesn't touch the internal hard

drive or swap space and auto mounting is

disabled. However, the developers

recommend that users test these features

extensively before using Kali for real world

forensics.

Tools

Kali Linux includes security tools, such as:

• Aircrack-ng

• Burp suite

• Cisco Global Exploiter, a hacking tool

used to find and exploit vulnerabilities

in Cisco Network systems

• Ettercap

• John the Ripper

• Kismet

• Maltego

• Metasploit framework

• Nmap

• OWASP ZAP

• Social engineering tools

• Wireshark

• Hydra

• Reverse Engineering tools

• Forensics tools like Binwalk,

Foremost and Volatility

BY

S.GUNAVATHI, H.DHARANIPRIYA

III MCA

15

TECHNOLOGIES

Zigbee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification

for a suite of high-level communication

protocols used to create personal area networks

with small, low-power digital radios, such as for

home automation, medical device data

collection, and other low-power low-bandwidth

needs, designed for small scale projects which

need wireless connection. Hence, Zigbee is a

low-power, low data rate, and close proximity

(i.e., personal area) wireless ad hoc network.

The technology defined by the Zigbee

specification is intended to be simpler and less

expensive than other wireless personal area

networks (WPANs), such as Bluetooth or more

general wireless networking such as Wi-Fi.

Applications include wireless light switches,

home energy monitors, traffic management

systems, and other consumer and industrial

equipment that require short-range low-rate

wireless data transfer.

Its low power consumption limits transmission

distances to 10–100 meters line-of-sight,

depending on power output and environmental

characteristics. Zigbee devices can transmit data

over long distances by passing data through a

mesh network of intermediate devices to reach

more distant ones. Zigbee is typically used in

low data rate applications that require long

battery life and secure networking (Zigbee

networks are secured by 128 bit symmetric

encryption keys.) Zigbee has a defined rate of

250 kbit/s, best suited for intermittent data

transmissions from a sensor or input device.

Zigbee was conceived in 1998, standardized in

2003, and revised in 2006. The name refers to

the waggle dance of honey bees after their return

to the beehive.

Device types and operating modes

Zigbee devices are of three kinds:

16

• Zigbee Coordinator (ZC): The most

capable device, the Coordinator forms

the root of the network tree and might

bridge to other networks. There is

precisely one Zigbee Coordinator in each

network since it is the device that started

the network originally (the

ZigbeeLightLink specification also

allows operation without a Zigbee

Coordinator, making it more usable for

off-the-shelf home products). It stores

information about the network, including

acting as the Trust Center & repository

for security keys.

• Zigbee Router (ZR): As well as running

an application function, a Router can act

as an intermediate router, passing on data

from other devices.

• Zigbee End Device (ZED): Contains just

enough functionality to talk to the parent

node (either the Coordinator or a

Router); it cannot relay data from other

devices. This relationship allows the

node to be asleep a significant amount of

the time thereby giving long battery life.

A ZED requires the least amount of

memory, and, therefore, can be less

expensive to manufacture than a ZR or

ZC.

The current Zigbee protocols support beacon and

non-beacon enabled networks. In non-beacon-

enabled networks, an unslottedCSMA/CA

channel access mechanism is used. In this type

of network, Zigbee Routers typically have their

receivers continuously active, requiring a more

robust power supply. However, this allows for

heterogeneous networks in which some devices

receive continuously while others only transmit

when an external stimulus is detected. The

typical example of a heterogeneous network is a

wireless light switch: The Zigbee node at the

lamp may constantly receive, since it is

connected to the mains supply, while a battery-

powered light switch would remain asleep until

the switch is thrown. The switch then wakes up,

sends a command to the lamp, receives an

acknowledgment, and returns to sleep. In such a

network the lamp node will be at least a Zigbee

Router, if not the Zigbee Coordinator; the switch

node is typically a Zigbee End Device.

17

In beacon-enabled networks, the special network

nodes called Zigbee Routers transmit periodic

beacons to confirm their presence to other

network nodes. Nodes may sleep between

beacons, thus lowering their duty cycle and

extending their battery life. Beacon intervals

depend on data rate; they may range from 15.36

milliseconds to 251.65824 seconds at 250 kbit/s,

from 24 milliseconds to 393.216 seconds at

40 kbit/s and from 48 milliseconds to 786.432

seconds at 20 kbit/s. However, low duty cycle

operation with long beacon intervals requires

precise timing, which can conflict with the need

for low product cost.

In general, the Zigbee protocols minimize the

time the radio is on, so as to reduce power use.

In beaconing networks, nodes only need to be

active while a beacon is being transmitted. In

non-beacon-enabled networks, power

consumption is decidedly asymmetrical: Some

devices are always active while others spend

most of their time sleeping.

Except for the Smart Energy Profile 2.0, Zigbee

devices are required to conform to the IEEE

802.15.4-2003 Low-Rate Wireless Personal

Area Network (LR-WPAN) standard. The

standard specifies the lower protocol layers—the

physical layer (PHY), and the Media Access

Control portion of the data link layer (DLL). The

basic channel access mode is "carrier sense,

multiple access/collision avoidance"

(CSMA/CA). That is, the nodes talk in the same

way that humans converse; they briefly check to

see that no one is talking before he or she start,

with three notable exceptions. Beacons are sent

on a fixed timing schedule and do not use

CSMA. Message acknowledgments also do not

use CSMA. Finally, devices in beacon-enabled

networks that have low latency real-time

requirements may also use Guaranteed Time

Slots (GTS), which by definition do not use

CSMA.

BY

C.MADHUMITHA, N.AISWARYA

III MCA

18

INTELLECT EXPLORE

Logical Reasoning :: Analogies

1. Odometer is to mileage as compass is to

A. Speed

B. Hiking

C. Needle

D. Direction

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

An odometer is an instrument used to measure

mileage. A compass is an instrument used to

determine direction. Choices a, b, and c are

incorrect because none is an instrument.

2. Elated is to despondent as enlightened is to

A. Aware

B. ignorant

C. miserable

D. Tolerant

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Elated is the opposite of despondent;

enlightened is the opposite of ignorant.

3. Optimist is to cheerful as pessimist is to

A. gloomy

B. Mean

C. Petty

D. helpful

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

An optimist is a person whose outlook is

cheerful. A pessimist is a person whose

outlook is gloomy. The answer is not

(choice b) because a pessimist does not

have to be mean. (Choices c) and d are

incorrect because neither adjective

describes the outlook of a pessimist.

4. Reptile is to lizard as flower is to

A. Petal

B. Stem

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C. Daisy

D. alligator

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

A lizard is a type of reptile; a daisy is a type

of flower. Choices a and b are incorrect

because a petal and a stem are parts of a

flower, not types of flowers. (Choice d) is

incorrect because an alligator is another

type of reptile, not a type of flower.

5. Play is to actor as concert is to

A. symphony

B. musician

C. Piano

D. percussion

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

An actor performs in a play. A musician

performs at a concert. Choices a, c, and d

are incorrect because none is people who

perform.

BY

G.INDUMATHI, D.KEERTHANA

III MCA

20

CAREER OBJECTIVE

Self-Assessment: Career Interests

Interests are helpful to understand in relation

to career planning. Career interests are

different than abilities or skills. However,

people tend to be attracted to activities that

they enjoy and are interested in, which then

affords the opportunity to develop skills and

abilities.

A theory devised by John Holland provides

a framework of six general themes that

describe broad areas or types of interest.

These themes also can be used to describe

work environments. People tend to seek

environments that are consistent with their

interests. Therefore, understanding your

interests can help to highlight ways in which

certain fields of study, work environments,

and occupational pursuits may or may not be

satisfying to you.

The six themes are shown below. For most

people, primary interests combine two or

three of these general themes. That

combination is often called a "RIASEC

Code" or a "Holland Code". It is important

to keep in mind that no RIASEC code is

better than another, and there are places for

all six codes in every organization.

REALISTIC The "Doers"

INVESTIGATIVE The "Thinkers"

ARTISTIC The "Creators"

SOCIAL The "Helpers"

ENTERPRISING The "Persuaders"

CONVENTIONAL The "Organizers"

The following sample of potential interests

is provided to help illustrate the six general

themes that comprise the RIASEC model.

Keep in mind that the table shows a sample

only and that most people have a

combination of two or three major interest

themes.

The Strong Interest Inventory is a self-

assessment tool that produces a RIASEC

Code based on an individual's responses, as

well as information about specific content or

topic areas that may be interesting, and a

21

sample of occupations in which satisfied

workers tend to have similar interests.

Self-Assessment: Career Values

Values are qualities considered to be the

most important guiding principles that help

set priorities in career and life. They are

highly personal and define what is

purposeful and meaningful. Though values

may change in response to life

circumstances, they are generally thought to

be enduring and provide a compass for

setting goals and making decisions.

In a career context, where changes occur

rapidly and decisions about opportunities in

a current work role or new job possibilities

can present themselves unexpectedly, it is

critical to pause and reflect on the values

that are most essential.

"Why" Exercise

This exercise can be a useful tool in

clarifying values related to work

satisfaction. Jotting down answers to these

questions, or perhaps sharing them with a

career mentor familiar with current work

situation, is a great way of reaffirming

values that are priorities in work.

1. What would you miss most if you left

your current job? Why?

2. What was your "best job ever?" Why?

3. When was a time you felt really

energized in your work at UC? Why?

4. What value would you not compromise

in a job? Why?

Knowing how values are aligned with job

and the organization in which the work is

often critical to understanding career-related

satisfaction and motivation. A helpful

framework for thinking about career values

was developed by Nova (link is external). In

their Values Driven Work assessment

exercise, career values are clustered in four

domains: Intrinsic Values, Work

Environment Values, Work Content Values,

and Work Relationship Values.

Intrinsic Values: What motivates to truly

love the work day after day? Among a list of

22

these values are Achievement, Giving to

Community, Status, Independence, and

Power.

Work Environment Values: What working

conditions provide an optimum environment

for best work? Work Environment Values

include Learning, Benefits, Fast-Paced,

Comfortable Income, Structure.

Work Content Values: What makes the

work activities most satisfying and

engaging? Among the 18 values in this area

are values such as Problem Solving,

Organizing, Public Contact, Detailed, and

Creative.

Work Relationship Values: What

characteristics of interaction with others in

workplace are the most important? Work

Relationship Values include Open

Communication, Diversity, Leadership,

Teamwork, Competition, and Trust.

BY

R.SRINITHI, M.SANGAVI

III MCA

23

WINDOWS

Windows 7 to Windows 8: The

system's biggest improvements

The most talked-about issue in the lead-up

to Microsoft's launch of Windows 8 is the

new Start screen, featuring the Modern UI.

But Windows 8 has much more to offer

than just a revamped interface.

The operating system includes fundamental

enhancements, such as better multiple-

monitor setups, an overhauled Windows

Explorer, cloud-based account syncing, and

new ways to personalize the desktop.

Here are 15 improvements to Windows in

Microsoft's latest OS, including some new

tools in the Modern UI.

Some of these improvements have no

corresponding feature in Windows 7.

Account sync

Where to get started: Charms bar >

Settings > Change PC settings > Sync your

settings

Windows 8 can sync the user account

settings across multiple PCs, saving the

trouble of having to customize the Windows

environment manually on different

computers.

Windows 8: If it is a Microsoft account,

then sync the settings between multiple

PCs.

Sync the desktop themes and backgrounds,

lock screen, account pictures, passwords,

HomeGroup settings, Modern UI app

settings, browser history and favorites.

Settings syncing requires having a

Microsoft account connected to each

Windows 8 PC.

Sharing

Where to get started: Charms bar > Share

24

Social networking comes built into

Windows 8's Modern UI, with the ability to

share items between Modern UI apps.

Windows 8: Sure, it is possible to mail cool

website URLs to the contact. But can easily

share via social media with the People app.

This functionality is to share items such as

links and photos with specific people via

Mail, or post items to social networks such

as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter via the

People app.

Sharing has to be built in to third-party apps

by the apps' developers, so sharing may not

work with all Modern UI apps.

Better multiple-monitor setups

Where to get started: Control Panel >

Appearance and Personalization > Display

In Windows 8, Microsoft adds several

improvements to multiple-monitor setups.

The traditional desktop interface now

features separate taskbars and backgrounds

for each display.

Windows 8: Configure each display in a

multiple-monitor setup individually.

Inside-edge detection also lets access the

Charms bar and the Running Apps bar from

any display. In comparison, Windows 7 can

either mirror the displays or treat multiple

monitors as one big display area.

New dialog box for file copying

Where to get started: Traditional desktop

The new version of Windows Explorer in

Windows 8 brings all of the current file

copy jobs into a single window, instead of

managing multiple windows as Windows 7

does.

Windows 7: File copying and the OS's

familiar progress bar.

In Windows 8, pause or stop copy jobs

(Windows 7 allows to stop them but not to

pause them), easily manage file-name

collisions, and get more details about the

copy job, such as the speed of data transfer

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and a more accurate estimate of time

remaining.

Windows 8: The new OS has more detail

than ever imagined for file copying.

Windows 8: Or can opt for a simpler view,

but still track multiple file copying tasks in

one dialog box, rather than in many.

Refresh and reset

Where to get started: Charms bar >

Settings > Change PC settings > General

Many people make it a habit to create a

personalized system image and reinstall

Windows every 6 to 12 months to improve

their hardware's performance. Microsoft

aims to make that chore a little easier with

the new refresh and reset features.

Windows 7: The older OS offers less

flexibility for restoring backup images.

The new refresh lets to reinstall Windows

without losing the personal data, Modern UI

apps, and settings. The new reset removes

all personal data and reinstalls Windows.

WIndows 8: The new OS's refresh and reset

features even let to specify how the system

image to be created.

Picture passwords

Where to get started: Charms bar >

Settings > Change PC settings > Users

For people who are tired of using

alphanumeric passwords, Windows 8

supports picture passwords.

Windows 8: Use an image and gestures to

create a Windows password not easily

replicated by hackers.

This feature requires choosing a photo from

the image library and then creating three

gestures on the photo using any

combination of circles, straight lines, and

taps (or clicks, on mouse-and-keyboard

PCs).

Storage Spaces

26

Where to get started: Control Panel >

System and Security > Storage Spaces

Borrowed from the first version of

Windows Home Server and then improved,

Storage Spaces lets to manage internal and

external storage drives as if they were one

massive drive called a storage pool.

Windows 8: Storage Spaces lets easily add

new drives and incorporate them into

redundant pools.

Behind the scenes, Storage Spaces also

duplicates the data across multiple drives in

the pool to create redundancy in case of

single-drive failure.

BY

C.SOWNDERYA, J.CHITRADEVI

III MCA

27

COMPANY PROFILE - RICOH

The Ricoh Company, Ltd. is a Japanese

multinational imaging and

electronicscompany. It was founded by the

RIKENzaibatsu on 6 February 1936 as Riken

Sensitized Paper Ricoh's headquarters are

located in Ricoh Building in Chūō, Tokyo.

Ricoh produces electronic products, primarily

cameras and office equipment such as

printers, photocopiers, fax machines, offers

Software as a Service (SaaS) document

management solutions such as

DocumentMall, RicohDocs, document

solutions such as GlobalScan, Print&Share

and also offers Projectors. In the late 1990s

through early 2000s, the company grew to

become the largest copier manufacturer in the

world. During this time, Ricoh acquired

Savin, Gestetner, Lanier, Rex-Rotary,

Monroe, Nashuatec, IKON and most recently

IBM Printing Systems Division / Infoprint

Solutions Company. Although the Monroe

brand was discontinued, products continue to

be marketed worldwide under the remaining

brand names. In 2006, Ricoh acquired the

European operations of Danka for $210

million. These operations continue as a stand-

alone business unit, under the Infotec brand.

History

The company was founded in 1936. Before

relocating to Chūō, Ricoh was first in

Minato, Tokyo. In 2006 Ricoh's headquarters

moved to the Ricoh Building, a 25-story

building in the Ginza area in Chūō; there it

occupies the same space as its sales offices.

During the 1960s and 1970s Ricoh made

wrist watches for both the Japanese domestic

market and international markets, briefly

entering into a partnership with Hamilton

Watch Company, for the creation of the

Ricoh Hamilton Electric watch.

Throughout the late 1980s and early 1990s,

Ricoh was the primary manufacturer of

Pitney-Bowes copiers. They have also

manufactured copiers for Toshiba, fax

machines for AT&T Corporation and

28

Omnifax, as well as a wide variety of

equipment for numerous other companies

including duplicators for AB Dick. They also

manufactured the Ricoh 2A03 8-bit processor

used in the Nintendo Entertainment System.

In 2003 Ricoh bought naming rights to the

CNE Coliseum (now known as Ricoh

Coliseum) in Toronto.

In 2004 Ricoh acquired Hitachi Printing

Solutions, Ltd creating a new company,

Ricoh Printing Systems, Ltd.

In 2005 Ricoh bought the naming rights to

the stadium/entertainment complex, home to

Coventry City Football Club now called the

Ricoh Arena.

In September 2005 Ricoh launched its new

designed logo for the ricoh brand. The logo

used before has been introduced in 1986.

In November 2006, Ricoh announced the

integration of the head office of Ricoh

Europe B.V. (REBV) in Amstelveen,

Netherlands, with NRG's European

headquarters in London, United Kingdom.

This was completed on April 1, with the

former NRG HQ in London becoming the

Strategic HQ and the former REBV HQ in

Amstelveen becoming the Operational HQ.

This mirrors a similar process which took

place in the US with Lanier and Ricoh USA.

This integration was the first step in

integration within each country in Europe. A

single country organisation was created in

Austria on July 1, 2007, the UK integration

being currently in process and integration

also taking place in Belgium, France,

Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain.

On January 25, 2007, Ricoh announced

purchase of IBM Printing Systems Division

for $725 million and investment in a 3-year

joint venture to form the new Ricoh

subsidiary, InfoPrint Solutions Company,

with a 51% share.

In February 2008, Ricoh partnered up with

PrinterOn to set up two new HotSpot

printers: The SP C410DN-KP color printer

and the SP 4100N-KP monochrome printer

which allows Wi-Fi enabled users to print

documents from any location.

29

On August 27, 2008, Ricoh announced its

intentions of acquiring IKON Office

Solutions for $1.6 billion and later that year,

on November 1, Ricoh completed the

acquisition.

In May 2011, Ricoh announced a cut of

10,000 jobs worldwide up to March 2014

from the current 40,000 workers in Japan and

68,900 others overseas. The company would

also shift 15,000 workers to areas with more

growth potential.

Japanese optical glass-maker Hoya

Corporation said on July 1, 2011, it would

sell its Pentax camera business to Ricoh, in a

deal the Nikkei business daily said was worth

about 10 billion yen ($124.2 million). On

July 29, 2011, Hoya transferred its Pentax

imaging systems business to a newly

established subsidiary called Pentax Imaging

Corporation. On October 1, 2011, Ricoh

acquired all shares of Pentax Imaging Corp.

and renamed the new subsidiary Pentax

Ricoh Imaging Company, Ltd.

On October 1, 2011, Ricoh announced the

establishment of Pentax Ricoh Imaging

Company, LTD. On August 1, 2013, the

company name was changed to Ricoh

Imaging Company Ltd.

On January 8, 2016, Ricoh India stated they

partnered with Siemens to offer digital

lifecycle management software.

On July 19, 2016, Ricoh India admitted to an

estimated ₹1,123 crore accounting fraud.

CEO and Managing Director Manoj Kumar,

and Chairman Tetsuya Takano have resigned

from Ricoh India as a result.

Operations

The Ricoh Group has sales and support,

production, and research and development

operations in nearly 180 countries. It has its

world headquarters in Tokyo, Japan and

regional headquarters in Japan, the Americas,

Europe, China, and the Asia-Pacific.

Regional headquarters

Americas Regional Headquarters

Ricoh Americas Corporation, located in

Malvern, PA, USA, covers the United States,

Canada and Latin American countries.

30

Europe Regional Headquarters

Ricoh International B.V., located in Amstelveen, the

Netherlands and London, U.K. covers Europe, Africa

and Middle East

Asia/Pacific Regional Headquarters

Ricoh Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., located in Singapore,

covers South-East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and

China

Ricoh Research

Ricoh hastechnology- and customer-research groups

around the world. For example, Ricoh Innovations, a

research subsidiary of Ricoh Company, operates in

Silicon Valley, California, focusing on technology,

cloud, mobile solutions, and customer research.

BY

T.GOKUL

III MCA

31

TIPS AND TRICKS

Get Lightning Fast And Clever At The

Command Line: Ubuntu

The ‘tab’ key which completes partial

commands and even file and directory

names. Here are keyboard shortcuts that can

be used within terminal:

Ctrl-a Move to the start of the line.

Ctrl-e Move to the end of the line.

Alt-] x

Moves the cursor forward to the

next occurrence of x.

Alt-

Ctrl-] x

Moves the cursor backwards to the

previous occurrence of x.

Ctrl-u

Delete from the cursor to the

beginning of the line.

Ctrl-k

Delete from the cursor to the end of

the line.

Ctrl-w

Delete from the cursor to the start

of the word.

Ctrl-y Pastes text from the clipboard.

Ctrl-l

Clear the screen leaving the current

line at the top of the screen.

Ctrl-x

Ctrl-u

Undo the last changes. Ctrl-_

Alt-r Undo all changes to the line.

Alt-

Ctrl-e

Expand command line.

Ctrl-r

Incremental reverse search of

history.

Alt-p

Non-incremental reverse search of

history.

!! Execute last command in history

!abc

Execute last command in history

beginning with abc

!n Execute nth command in history

Ubuntu remember the applications that had

open when last logged out, so that when log

back in again, find all those applications

running and can resume right from where

left off. System > Preferences > Startup

Applications, then go to the options tab and

check "Automatically remember running

applications when logging out"

BY

S.SARANYA, S.NANDHINI

III MCA

32

MONTHLY EVENT GIST

Events:

1. MakeXcels Talent Hunt 2018 – 15.02.2018

An Intercollegiate meet was conducted with MBA Department, Mr.K.Parivallal, CEO,

DMW CNC Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Perundurai delivered the Inaugural address.

2. ITware’18 Workshop on “Hands on Training – PHP Programming” – 26.02.2018

Will be conducted by Mr. Ramesh, Assistant Professor, Sri Krishna Arts and Science

College, Coimbatore.

3. Seminar on “RDBMS Concepts” – 28.02.2018

Will be delivered by Dr.S.Selvi, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science,

PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore.

4. ITxcel’s Association Valediction will be conducted on - 15.03.2018