István János Tóth research fellow, IE HAS, director, IEER

New Graduates and Institutions of Higher Education

Through the Eyes of Hungarian Companies 2008-2011

István János Tóth

research fellow, IE HAS,director, IEER

HCCIInstitute for Economic and Enterprise Research

Corvinus University of Budapest

19th October 2011, 13:00

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Topics

• Introduction of IEER and our labour market forecasts• New graduates in the business sector• Workforce demand during and after the crisis • Salary changes two years after being employed by

qualifications• Prestige of institutions of higher education in Hungary• Vocational School Research

Topics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Introduction of IEER and our labour market forecasts


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Main Research Areas

• Short-term Labor Market Forecasts (2006- )

• SME Outlook (2005- )

• Business Tendency Surveys (1998- )


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Main Research Areas• Vocational School Research

[decision support for regional vocational school quotas]

• Research for Monitoring New Graduates in the Business Sector

=> IEER is market leader in Hungary on labor market research – contacting and surveying cca. 15 000 companies annually


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Main Research Areas

Methodes used a) OECD harmonised questions:[ http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/61/31837055.pdf ]

b) Hot topics (ad hoc questions)


http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/61/31837055.pdf

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Short-term Labor Market Forecasts

• In cooperation with the Ministry for National Economy and the National Employment Service – since 2005

• Contacting 7500 companies by structured interviews

• Representative sample by industry, regional level and company size

• Standardized questionnaires and methodes

• Yearly: September - October


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Short-term Labor Market Forecasts

• Research topics:

– Recent and Expected Business Climate of the company– Planned enrollment and layoff– Trainings (organised by the company)– Employing specific workforce (e.g.: expat, entrant, part-time

etc.)


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SME Outlook Survey

• In cooperation with Volksbank Hungary and Figyelő magazine – since 2005

• Questioning 300 small and medium sized companies

• Repeated quarterly


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SME Outlook Survey

• Research Topics:

– Recent and Expected Business Climate of companies

– Ad hoc questions • changes in company taxation, • effects of chain debts and late payments, • effects of the rising energy prices, • expected labor demand and minimum wage raising, etc.


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Business Tendency Survey Research

• Since 1998 two times a year, since 2010 four times a year

• Sample size: 1300-2000 companies

• Questions:– Recent and Expected Business Climate of companies


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Vocational School Research Program

• Survey of enterprises

– Annual survey started in 2008, included 4000 companies in 2011

– Evaluation of expected labour demand for vocational school graduates and comparison with the expected number of recent graduates

– Decision support for regional development and training committees (RFKBs) to establish the quota by region of different vocational trainings


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Vocational School Research Program

• Survey of graduates

– Annual survey started in 2009, includes 3000 vocational school graduates per year

– Labour market status, opportunities of employment

– Satisfaction with vocational school, own skills


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New Graduates in the Business SectorResearch Program


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Research Program

• Identic (standardized) sample and standard questionnaire since 2005

• National company survey based on questionnaires

• Professional interviews


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Research Program

• Topics: a) Workforce demand b) Demand for BA graduatesc) Salaries d) Recruitment difficulties e) Required competenciesf) Prestige of higher education institutions (Universities and

Business Scools)


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• Survey by interviews• Questionnaire based data collection in every year;

Between 2008-2011: answers of 7559 CEOs• Companies employing at least 20 person• Representive sample by industry and company size

• Data collection supported by: Hungarian companies, Educatio kht., Ministry of Rural Development, „Jedlik Ányos” programme, NKTH (NKFP_07_A2-TEXTREND, contract no.: OM-00002/2008);

Research Program


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Main Advantages• Comparable data at national level

– We have answers not only from those local companies which are in direct contact with the local university

• Personal questioning methodology– Relevant information: we can control who answers (HR managers);

• Homogeneous sample and standard questionnaire– Undistorted data– Possibility of comparison in time– Surveying trends – data since 2005


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Workforce Demand During and After the Crisis


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Why New Graduates? Topics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Workforce Demand 1998-2011Topics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Workforce Demand for NGs, 2008-2011


Employment of New GraduatesExpected Demande

17,4 19,6

11,0

24,1

0

10

20

30

2007 2008 2009 2010

%

Balance statistics = % of firms to rise the demande - % of firms to fall the demande

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Workforce Demand in 2010 by positions


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Changes 2008-2010Topics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Changes 2008-2010Topics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Salary Changes Two Years After Being Employed by Types of

Qualification


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Salaries

• Average salary: 213 000 HUF (720 EUR, 1 EUR=296 HUF)

• Important deviation:

• Lower quartile: 156 000 HUF• Upper quartile: 260 000 HUF

• After two years 22% increase


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Where Can We Earn the Most?

• Large companies

• Foreign owned companies

• Commerce, processing industry

• Technical qualification

• Central Hungary


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Prestige and Regional Impact of Institutions of Higher Education


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PrestigeTopics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

„Please to name the most three prestigious university faculties in four

different training area!”

They can mention maximum three faculties and an additional faculty which has the least prestige according to them.

The prestige hierarchy is computed from the weighted sum of the number of mentions. The result is projected to a 100-point scale.

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29

29

30

34

35

37

37

39

43

46

50

52

82

95

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

NYME - Közgazdaságtudományi Kar

Szolnoki Főiskola

BGF - PSZF - Salgótarján

Pannon Egyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar

BGF - KVIF

BGF - Külkereskedelmi Főiskolai Kar

SZTE - Gazdaságtudományi Kar

UNIDEB - Közgazdaságtudományi Kar

UNIMISKOLC - Gazdaságtudományi Kar

PTE - Közgazdaságtudományi Kar

BGF - PSZF - Zalaegerszegi Intézet

BME - GTK

BGF - PSZF - Budapest

BCE - Gazdálkodástudományi Kar

BCE - Közgazdaságtudományi Kar

forrás: GVI (n = 1432)

Prestige – Economic FacultiesTopics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Regional Impact – Economic Faculties

In the spotlight:

BCE and BGF

Great local impact:

PTE (Univ. Pécs)


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RI – Economic Faculties

In the spotlight:

BCE and BGF

Great local appeal:

PTE (Univ. Pécs)


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21

22

23

24

26

27

28

29

29

30

33

34

37

54

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

NYME Faipari Mérnöki Kar

UNIMISKOLC - MATK

SZIE - Gépészmérnöki Kar

UNIOBUDA - BDGBMK

Kecskeméti Főiskola - GAMF

PTE - Pollack Mihály Műszaki Kar

UNIOBUDA - KKVK

BME - Vegyészmérnöki és Biomérnöki Kar

SZE - Műszaki Tudományi Kar

UNIDEB - Műszaki Kar

BME - Építészmérnöki Kar

BME - Építőmérnöki Kar

BME - Közlekedésmérnöki Kar

UNIMISKOLC - GMIK

BME - Gépészmérnöki Kar

forrás: GVI (n = 1432)

Prestige – Technical FacultiesTopics Research Program New Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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RI – Technical Faculties

In the spotlight:

BME mechanical engineering and electric engineering faculty

Greater local appeal:

University of Miskolc, University of Pécs


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RI – Technical Faculties

In the spotlight:

BME mechanical engineering and electric engineering faculty

Greater local appeal:

University of Miskolc, University of Pécs


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Vocational School Research


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Average length of job-seeking by vocations (months), 2011

3,132,97

2,732,68

2,582,49

2,462,46

2,322,31

1,991,981,961,94

1,841,841,821,81

1,29

0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5

baker-confectionercar polisher

locksmithcarpenter

car mechanicshop assistant

bodysmithhouse-painter

masoncabinet-maker

electricianoperator of car eletronics

cookwaiter

welderbakerturner

gas supply mechanicsteel structures fitter

months

Content Research Program Fresh Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

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Thank you for your attention!

The ppt file of the lecture can be downloaded through the website of GVI [http://www.gvi.hu]

from 3 pm. today

Content Research Program Fresh Graduates Demand Salaries Higher Education VSR

http://www.gvi.hu/

István János Tóth research fellow, IE HAS, director, IEER

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