Issues now in the news AK - Compass Pub Now in the News... · 16. e 17. n Idioms and Expressions 1....

Answer Key 1

Unit 01Immigration DebateVocabulary

1. m 2. p 3. q4. o 5. k 6. j7. a 8. f 9. l

10. i 11. d 12. g13. h 14. b 15. c16. e 17. n

Idioms and Expressions1. bread and butter2. the welcome mat is vanishing3. take in

Exploring ContentA. 1 and 3 are FALSE

a) More than one million Americans marched todemand greater immigrant rights.

b) Christian churches in France are helping illegalimmigrants by providing them with food andshelter whenever possible and by taking aleading role in demanding that harshimmigrant legislation be softened.

B. 1. d 2. d 3. c

Summary1. illegally 2. welcome mat3. borders 4. blue-collar5. sentiments 6. takes them in7. hostile 8. restrict9. skilled 10. immigration

Unit 02Automakers Show Off Green,Fuel-Efficient VehiclesVocabulary

1. f 2. d 3. k4. a 5. i 6. m7. h 8. o 9. c

10. j 11. b 12. n13. e 14. l 15. g

Idioms and Expressions1. going green2. open to3. get the word out


a) According to Paul Eisenstein, the Americanmarket for large vehicles is still large.

b) Troy Clarke disagrees with critics who say thatGeneral Motors has been slow to developalternate-fuel cars, noting that GM will soonhave twenty-four hybrids on the market and isworking hard on an electric car.

B. 1. c 2. b 3. a

Summary1. Going green 2. opened to3. showing off 4. emission5. hybrid 6. guzzlers7. move away from 8. diversify9. cargo 10. ridiculous

Unit 03Foreign AidVocabulary

1. d 2. g 3. k4. a 5. n 6. q7. p 8. b 9. m

10. c 11. o 12. e13. l 14. f 15. j16. h 17. i

Idioms and Expressions1. a brighter picture2. lined their own pockets3. produced mixed results

Exploring ContentA. Intended Benefits of Foreign Aid

• A poor nation can eventually become a donor(eg. South Korea)

• An overall global reduction of poverty • Wealthy nations will end agricultural export

subsidies on cotton by next year• Helps encourage economic growth• Helps education and health sectors

2 Answer Key2

Problems of Foreign Aid• Encourages wrong economic policies (that can

make countries dependent on aid)• Strengthens the role of corrupt or incompetent

officials• Disadvantages the rural population• Countries can become too dependent on aid

B. 1. d 2. a 3. c4. b 5. e

Summary1. substantial 2. mixed results3. priority 4. infrastructure5. incompetent 6. donor7. ineffectively 8. rural9. brighter picture 10. expenditure

Unit 04Safe WaterVocabulary

1. h 2. e 3. n4. a 5. k 6. q7. b 8. c 9. p

10. g 11. o 12. i13. d 14. j 15. m16. f 17. l

Idioms and Expressions1. point out2. To this end3. so-called

Exploring ContentA. 1. Susan Murcott believes that part of the answer

for providing water to poor countries is newtechnologies to increase water efficiency.

2. Erik Peterson says that in many places water isa transboundary issue.

3. Claudia Sadoff distinguishes between physicalscarcity and economic scarcity.

4. David McAlary reports that the goal ofsufficient safe water remains elusive as worldpopulation grows.

B 1. d 2. b 3. a

Summary1. marked 2. plight3. sanitation 4. abundant

5. point out 6. basins7. daunting 8. decentralized9. portable 10. sporadically

Unit 05World Population GrowthVocabulary

1. k 2. i 3. a4. n 5. p 6. b7. c 8. f 9. q

10. d 11. m 12. g13. h 14. l 15. j16. o 17. e

Idioms and Expressions1. talked up2. spells disaster/spelled disaster3. a jump from

Exploring ContentA. Benefits of Urbanization

• Can generate a larger workforce• Creates a bigger consumer base• Propels economic growth• Better education: schools, universities• Better medical care

Drawbacks to Urbanization• Depopulation of farms: no one to work the land• Higher crime rate• Greater chance of spread of disease• Competing for homes and/or overcrowding• Slum conditions due to overcrowding• Higher competition for jobs; unemployment

problems

B. 1. nation 2. concerned3. goal 4. prevalent5. success

Summary1. trends 2. spell disaster3. industrialized 4. contraception5. shrink 6. alternative7. surge 8. empowerment9. urbanization 10. epidemics

Answer Key 3

Unit 06Charting Kosovo’sIndependenceVocabulary

1. j 2. h 3. l4. a 5. d 6. c7. f 8. n 9. m

10. i 11. e 12. o13. k 14. g 15. b

Idioms and Expressions1. tinderbox2. track record3. state of limbo

Exploring ContentA. 1. block Kosovo’s admittance to the United

Nations.2. a call for further delay.3. going to war over Kosovo.4. a great job in Kosovo or in Serbia.

B. 1. blocked 2. scale back3. status quo 4. contend5. fissure

Summary1. campaign 2. state of limbo3. restive 4. ethnic5. contentious 6. exacerbate7. veto 8. resolution9. allies 10. stabilize

Unit 07Egypt: Youth and Democracy Vocabulary

1. e 2. g 3. k4. a 5. o 6. h7. q 8. b 9. n

10. c 11. m 12. p13. l 14. d 15. j16. i 17. f

Idioms and Expressions1. the heart2. ripple effect3. losing steam


a) Egypt’s pro-democracy movement is notentirely youth-based, although the youth arethe heart of the movement.

b) Voter turnout in Egypt’s latest elections waslow.

B. 1. rapidly 2. protesters3. major 4. unemployment5. idling

Summary1. unemployment 2. hard-liner3. spearhead 4. youth-based5. the heart of 6. disillusionment/apathy7. apathy/disillusionment 8. emigrate9. lost steam 10. ripple effect

Unit 08“New Europe” Goes GlobalVocabulary

1. g 2. q 3. a4. p 5. n 6. j7. b 8. h 9. e

10. f 11. o 12. c13. i 14. d 15. m16. l 17. k

Idioms and Expressions1. Iron Curtain2. making inroads3. Captains of industry

Exploring ContentA. 1. The economies of Central and Eastern Europe

are growing more rapidly than those ofWestern Europe.While the average annual economic growthrate in Western Europe has remained ataround two percent in recent years, manyemerging European economies have beenadvancing at least twice as fast.

2. Central European companies are increasingtheir foreign investments.There has been a significant upsurge inannual direct foreign investments made byCentral European companies in the lastseveral years.

3. The economies of countries in Central Europeare becoming more capitalistic.Many analysts agree that the countries ofCentral Europe have successfully masteredmuch of the difficult transition from acommand economy to a freemarket economy.

4. Central European economies are still not ascapitalistic as the economy of the U.S.Economist Thomas Blutt Laursen of the WorldBank adds that “new Europe” is still far fromacquiring all of the trappings of developedcapitalism.

B. 1. advancing 2. sharpening3. setting up 4. know-how5. critical

Summary1. Iron Curtain 2. honing3. to tackle 4. billionaire5. captains of industry 6. accession7. prowess 8. eyeing9. make inroads 10. emerging

Unit 09Africa: Poverty, Politics, andDiseaseVocabulary

1. q 2. k 3. i4. m 5. a 6. o7. d 8. p 9. g

10. b 11. j 12. f13. h 14. n 15. c16. l 17. e

Idioms and Expressions1. Time after time2. stamp out3. Armed conflict


a) The polio virus spread from Nigeria to Chad toSudan.

b) The first major outbreak of AIDS in Africaoccurred in Uganda.

B. 1. c 2. f 3. e4. b 5. a 6. d

Summary1. poverty 2. eradicate3. vaccine 4. sterility5. rebounded 6. vulnerable7. stamp out 8. volatility9. immunization 10. armed conflict

Unit 10China Waiting for DemocracyVocabulary

1. e 2. i 3. a4. o 5. p 6. c7. q 8. l 9. b

10. m 11. f 12. h13. d 14. j 15. g16. k 17. n

Idioms and Expressions1. reap the benefits2. loosened . . . grip3. Fueled by

Exploring ContentA. 1. Western countries have long assumed that

economic prosperity in China would befollowed by political change.When Deng announced his economic reforms,the standard view in the West was that Chinawas quickly going to become a different,democratic kind of country.

2. Authoritarian governments have learned thatthey can provide economic prosperity withoutlosing their power.What a lot of autocrats have figured out is thatprosperity can be a substitute for freedom anddemocracy, and that the big threat to them isnot promoting economic growth, promotinggood health care, having reasonably goodliteracy rates, because all of those things arebeneficial to productivity.

OR:It is very cheap to suppress those freedomswhile promoting economic progress, so thatpeople are fed and happy and don’t worry somuch about turning their governments out ofpower.

3. Economic growth can lead to democracy.Rapid economic growth is producing twothings: enormous social strain and instabilitythat will build up pressure for reform; andsecondly, economic growth is creating the right

4 Answer Key4

conditions---a middle class, private propertyand interconnectedness with the internationalcommunity --- that will, in the long-run, begood for democracy.

4. China will likely become a democracy one day.Many critics and defenders of the role Westernbusiness interests play in China agree that thecountry’s eventual democratization isinevitable.

B. 1. c 2. b 3. a

Summary1. liberalization 2. analysts3. robust 4. authoritarian5. reap the benefits 6. inevitable7. fueled by 8. diminishing9. monopoly 10. meritocracy

Unit 11Historic Annual Cape TownMinstrel Carnival ContinuesDespite ChallengesVocabulary

1. n 2. k 3. d4. h 5. o 6. a7. l 8. e 9. b

10. m 11. c 12. g13. j 14. f 15. i

Idioms and Expressions1. pillar of2. took to the streets3. politically correct

Exploring ContentA. 1. (The festival) . . . dates back to the mid 1800s

when white American minstrels visited the Capewith black-painted faces and banjos.

2. Today, the historical roots of the Carnival are allbut forgotten.

3. With tourism quickly becoming a pillar of thelocal community, city officials talk about turningthe “Minstrel Carnival” into a celebration thatwill rival festivals in New Orleans and Rio deJaneiro.

4. The tourist is not relevant where we are concernedas they just come and watch.

B. 1. d 2. b 3. c

Summary1. Minstrel 2. mimic3. thrives 4. take to the streets5. a pillar of 6. troupes7. parasols 8. rival9. segregation 10. politically correct

Unit 12America’s Changing FamilyVocabulary

1. g 2. p 3. d4. o 5. c 6. i7. e 8. k 9. j

10. f 11. n 12. h13. a 14. q 15. l16. b 17. m

Idioms and Expressions1. frowned on2. caught up with3. marital status


1. Peter Fagan says that suspension of themarriage tax penalty does not really benefit thepoor.

2. Peter Francese contends that the growingeconomic power of women is a major cause ofhousehold change.

B. 1. c 2. b 3. d

Summary1. comprised 2. census3. households 4. norm5. cohabitate 6. levies7. frowned on 8. advocacy9. correlation 10. marital status

Unit 13Populations Aging WorldwideVocabulary

1. g 2. k 3. q4. h 5. a 6. b7. o 8. c 9. e

10. d 11. p 12. f

Answer Key 5

6 Answer Key6

13. j 14. i 15. m16. l 17. n

Idioms and Expressions1. pay scale2. life expectancy3. on the rise

Exploring ContentA. 1. The number of people over 65 is going to

increase greatly by the year 2100.According to United Nations projections, thatsegment of the world’s population will triple bythe end of the century.

2. Increased life expectancy is a sign of success.Demographers generally agree that populationaging represents a “success story,” withincreasing numbers of people worldwideenjoying longer lives.

3. In the U.S., a tax increase might be necessaryto help support the aging population.Many analysts say that unless benefits are cut,taxes to pay for pensions and health care mayhave to double in the next few decades.

4. At present, the system of government in Chinacan only provide for the retirement of afraction of its total number of workers.China’s current government pension systembarely covers a fifth of the country’s workforce.

B. 1. c 2. a3. d 4. b

Summary1. aging 2. life expectancy3. century 4. segment5. triple 6. implications7. cut 8. pensions9. fertility 10. consequences

Unit 14Safety for Kids on the NetVocabulary

1. h 2. b 3. q4. m 5. i 6. a7. e 8. n 9. g

10. p 11. l 12. d13. c 14. k 15. f16. j 17. o

Idioms and Expressions1. have followed the lead2. K through 123. spread the word

Exploring ContentA. 1. Casey Walker says Nebraska schools have a

good Internet filter system but it’s definitelynot foolproof.

2. Nebraska Attorney General Jon Bruning saysschools are discouraging students frommeeting people on the Internet.

3. Jackie Cuttlers says that teachers and parentsneed to be more vigilant in monitoringchildren’s use of the Internet.

4. The National Center for Missing and ExploitedChildren reports that one in five kids onlinehas been sexually solicited or enticed.

5. Jim Teicher advises parents to do a Googlesearch on their child.

B. 3 and 4 are TRUE

Summary1. virtually 2. safeguards3. predators 4. filters5. foolproof 6. following the lead7. vigilant 8. solicited9. promote 10. skepticism

Unit 15Indian Tradition and theInternet Vocabulary

1. f 2. p 3. j4. a 5. q 6. h7. c 8. e 9. n

10. b 11. g 12. d13. o 14. i 15. k16. l 17. m

Idioms and Expressions1. broke with tradition2. shut their eyes to3. leaps and bounds

Answer Key 7

Exploring ContentA. a. It was easy for Neema Kapur’s daughter to ask

her to find her a suitable partner becauseparents have helped children find matchessince time immemorial.

b. Online marriage brokering is gainingpopularity because newspapers cannot matchits simplicity/have become outdated /mostpeople use computers. (Any other suitableanswer)

c. It is no surprise that matchmaking websiteshave grown quickly in size and popularity sincematchmaking is an established feature of theculture.

d. By creating sites for divorced people or oldersingles or widowed people these websites arebreaking with conservative matchmakingtradition.

e. Online matrimonial services are generallyrestricted to towns and cities because there arefew or no computers in rural areas/only 40million Indians have access to computers.

B. 1. b 2. d 3. a

Summary1. breaking with tradition 2. matchmaking3. eligible 4. leaps and bounds5. popular 6. multicultural7. locate 8. constraints9. modernization 10. custom

Unit 16Health Care in IndiaVocabulary

1. n 2. g 3. d4. k 5. j 6. a7. f 8. p 9. c

10. e 11. q 12. b13. i 14. m 15. h16. l 17. o

Idioms and Expressions1. on par2. top-of-the-line3. state-of-the-art


1. It is expensive for Indian citizens to go to bigpublic hospitals.

2. About 66 percent of India’s population lives invillages.OR About 33 percent of India’s populationlives in cities and towns.

B. 1. a 2. d 3. b

Summary1. state-of-the-art 2. on par3. flock 4. serpentine5. perpetually 6. booming7. quacks 8. malpractice9. top-of-the-line 10. budding

Unit 17Bio-fuels: An Alternative toGasoline Vocabulary

1. m 2. g 3. j4. a 5. h 6. q7. b 8. d 9. e

10. c 11. n 12. f13. k 14. p 15. l16. o 17. i

Idioms and Expressions1. cost effective2. to the tune of3. in charge


1. Scientists can extract more ethanol fromSwitchgrass than they can from corn stover.

2. Bio-fuels can be used in about one-third of theU.S. fuel supply without causing substantialenvironmental harm.

B. 1. a 2. d 3. c

Summary1. ethanol 2. plant3. residuals 4. discards5. organic 6. stalks7. cobs 8. to the tune of9. biodegradable 10. cost effective

8 Answer Key8

Unit 18Researchers Identify NewTargets to Disrupt HIVLifecycleVocabulary

1. b 2. g 3. m4. e 5. o 6. a7. k 8. d 9. n

10. i 11. h 12. c13. f 14. j 15. l

Idioms and Expressions1. key2. screen3. leave no stone unturned

Exploring ContentA. Numbers 1 and 4 are FALSE.

1. Researchers know of 273 human proteins thatare essential to HIV reproduction.

2. Stephen Elledge and his colleagues used RNAinterference to screen more than 20,000human proteins.

B. 1. Increases number of known human proteinsessential to HIV reproduction.

2. It provides more targets for drugs that couldinhibit the HIV virus.

3. It might not be useful for treating patients withHIV.

4. New treatments could have side-effects.

Summary1. proteins 2. key3. epidemic 4. circumvent5. virus 6. sophisticated7. infects 8. hijacks9. code 10. reproduce

Unit 19Hero of the Planet Vocabulary

1. m 2. g 3. o4. k 5. j 6. e7. p 8. b 9. f

10. l 11. a 12. q

13. i 14. c 15. h16. d 17. n

Idioms and Expressions1. off limits2. at large3. open . . . mind

Exploring ContentA. 1. Mark Plotkin’s teachers have mostly been

shamans or tribal healers.2. Plotkin promised Jaguar Shaman he would

collect and document the hundreds of plantsused by the medicine man.

3. Plotkin directs a non-profit group called TheAmazon Conservation Team.

4. Plotkin’s group runs a program thatencourages young people to study with eldershamans and learn their ways.

5. Plotkin’s group also helps map millions ofhectares of ancestral rainforest.

B. 2 and 3 are TRUE

Summary1. ethnobotanist 2. indigenous3. fieldwork 4. mentor5. document 6. venom7. humility 8. opened his mind9. missionaries 10. at large

Unit 20Prescription Sleep Aids Vocabulary

1. l 2. e 3. j4. o 5. f 6. c7. b 8. a 9. p

10. d 11. i 12. n13. k 14. q 15. g16. h 17. m

Idioms and Expressions1. rushing out2. 24/73. side effects

Exploring ContentA. 1. According to Russell Rosenberg, people

sometimes suffer from insomnia just becausethey are living in the modern world.

2. The number of Americans getting prescriptionsleep aids has gone up nearly 60 percent overthe past five years.

Answer Key 9

3. CBT tries to change the way a patient thinks,feels, and acts about sleep.

4. CBT does not yield immediate results, and inmany parts of the US it is unavailable.

5. Last year, drug companies spent more than$300 million on ads for prescription sleep aids.

B. 1. directs 2. squeeze in3. short-term 4. cure5. sign on

Summary1. insomnia 2. conducted3. chronic 4. rushing out5. prescriptions 6. side effects7. amnesia 8. psychotherapy9. yielded 10. unveiled

Unit 21Writers Demand ChinaRelease Imprisoned WritersVocabulary

1. e 2. a 3. o4. i 5. m 6. g7. b 8. d 9. n

10. f 11. c 12. k13. h 14. j 15. l

Idioms and Expressions1. top priority2. spotlight3. live up to

Exploring ContentA. 1. Larry Siems, the head of PEN’s international

program, says the group is not calling for aboycott of the Olympics.

2. “For Chinese writers freedom in politics is notthe priority, the freedom to write is ourpriority.”

3. He spent almost a decade living undergroundafter one of his novels provoked violence insome Muslim nations and a fatwa calling forhis death.

4. PEN has a long history of getting writers out ofjail in very oppressive regimes because thegovernment was ashamed of the spotlight.

B. Mr. Siems would agree with numbers 2 and 4.

Summary1. live up to 2. petition3. detained 4. regime5. censoring 6. boycott7. shame 8. spotlight9. pressuring 10. top priority

Unit 22Women: Their Unique Beauty Vocabulary

1. e 2. m 3. h4. k 5. d 6. a7. o 8. b 9. g

10. q 11. c 12. j13. p 14. f 15. n16. i 17. l

Idioms and Expressions1. went to extreme measures2. nose job3. role models

Exploring ContentA. 1. Eve Ensler says that wherever she goes, she

finds there is an image of beauty that womenfeel compelled to conform to.

2. According to Ensler, the global reach ofWestern media is changing the concept ofwhat’s beautiful.

3. Nancy Etcoff claims that half of U.S. seventh-grade girls don’t like the way they look.

4. Dominique Dawes says research shows thatbetween 50 and 70 percent of young girls whothink they are overweight really aren’t.

5. Etcoff and Ensler agree that the concept ofbeauty starts in the family.

B. 1 and 4 are TRUE

Summary1. commercial 2. alter3. portrays 4. concepts5. compelling 6. extreme measures7. self-esteem 8. role models9. obsessed 10. unattainable

10 Answer Key10

Unit 23Martin Scorsese ProvidesUnblinking Look at America’sMean StreetsVocabulary

1. l 2. h 3. g4. e 5. o 6. a7. m 8. c 9. n

10. f 11. b 12. i13. d 14. k 15. j

Idioms and Expressions1. defined2. No doubt about3. street

Exploring ContentA. 1. best movie about boxing ever.

2. kept him from sports or other activities.3. turned out to be his true calling.4. changed the kind of movies he made.

B. 1. d 2. b 3. a

Summary1. gritty 2. street3. asthma 4. devout5. seminary 6. calling7. authenticity 8. define9. critical 10. absurd

Unit 24Korean Pop CultureVocabulary

1. k 2. e 3. p4. i 5. a 6. n7. b 8. l 9. d

10. g 11. h 12. j13. c 14. q 15. f16. m 17. o

Idioms and Expressions1. cult status2. is cashing in/cashed in3. clocked up


1. South Korea has been exporting movies and TVdramas since the late 1990s.

2. Shim Doo-bo says Korea has not been slow tocash in on the craze.OR Shim Doo-bo says Korea has been quick tocash in on the craze.

B. 1. glossy 2. stress3. achieved 4. profited5. launched

Summary1. hot 2. clocked up3. craze 4. cosmetics5. byword 6. idols7. coined 8. wave9. overshadowed 10. inaugurated

Unit 25Video Games Vocabulary

1. d 2. n 3. k4. e 5. g 6. a7. b 8. f 9. i

10. p 11. j 12. q13. c 14. o 15. l16. h 17. m

Idioms and Expressions1. wish list2. cardinal rule3. turning point


1. According to video game expert Aaron Ruby,Sony’s ‘PlayStation’ in 1995 began the modernage of video games.

3. In the making of a new video game, artists tendto out-number programmers.

B. 1. c 2. d 3. a

Summary1. evolved 2. viable3. relatively 4. collaborative5. innovation 6. founder7. turning point 8. top9. wish lists 10. notion

Issues now in the news AK - Compass Pub Now in the News... · 16. e 17. n Idioms and Expressions 1....

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