ISSUES IN TACKLING ISSUES IN TACKLING LAKE POLLUTIONLAKE POLLUTION

BYBY

Smt. J. SAWIANSmt. J. SAWIAN

Scientist ‘C’ Scientist ‘C’

MSPCBMSPCB

SOURCES OF WATER SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION:POLLUTION:

•Pollution from Domestic wastePollution from Domestic waste

•Pollution from SewagePollution from Sewage

•Pollution from Automobile Pollution from Automobile WorkshopWorkshop

•Pollution from Hotels and Pollution from Hotels and RestaurantRestaurant

•Pollution from Slaughter HousesPollution from Slaughter Houses

• Pollution from Solid waste Pollution from Solid waste disposal sitedisposal site

• Dumping of Solid WastesDumping of Solid Wastes

• Dumping of Earth Construction Dumping of Earth Construction DebrisDebris

• EncroachmentEncroachment

• Deforestation in the Catchment Deforestation in the Catchment AreasAreas

• Agricultural activitiesAgricultural activities

• Sand and stone mining/quarryingSand and stone mining/quarrying

MEASURES TO BE ADOPTED FOR MEASURES TO BE ADOPTED FOR

TACKLING LAKE POLLUTIONTACKLING LAKE POLLUTION

• Sewage and Waste Water Sewage and Waste Water Treatment:Treatment:

Intercepts drains and tributaries Intercepts drains and tributaries at their point of confluence with at their point of confluence with the rivers.the rivers.

Two main sewers on both banks Two main sewers on both banks of the river.of the river.

Installation of more effective Installation of more effective drainage system in the city of drainage system in the city of Shillong.Shillong.

Conversion of dry latrine into Conversion of dry latrine into septic tanks and stop direct septic tanks and stop direct discharge of sewage.discharge of sewage.

Relocating major automobile Relocating major automobile workshops to an identified place workshops to an identified place where common effluent where common effluent treatment plan may be installed.treatment plan may be installed.

Stop the direct discharge of Stop the direct discharge of sewage from the latrines. sewage from the latrines.

Explore possibilities & establish Explore possibilities & establish decentralized sewage treatment decentralized sewage treatment system.system.

• Solid Waste Management:Solid Waste Management:

Stop disposal of Biodegradable & non-Stop disposal of Biodegradable & non-biodegradable solid wastes in water bodies. biodegradable solid wastes in water bodies.

Encourage segregation of garbage at the Encourage segregation of garbage at the household level itself. Biodegradable waste household level itself. Biodegradable waste may be processed and utilized as may be processed and utilized as compost. Non-biodegradable and recycle compost. Non-biodegradable and recycle waste should be channeled though waste should be channeled though organised waste-pickers and inert and non organised waste-pickers and inert and non recyclable be disposed at suitable land fill recyclable be disposed at suitable land fill site.site.

House-to-house collection of garbage House-to-house collection of garbage should be practiced either by the municipal should be practiced either by the municipal agencies through their own efforts or agencies through their own efforts or through a contractual arrangement.through a contractual arrangement.

Unorganized disposal of wastes Unorganized disposal of wastes generated by unlicensed trades of fruits, generated by unlicensed trades of fruits, vegetables, fruit juice, fast-food joints vegetables, fruit juice, fast-food joints etc., should be regulated through etc., should be regulated through collection of wastes in adequately sized collection of wastes in adequately sized bins. Locations for such stalls should be bins. Locations for such stalls should be identified and marked.identified and marked.

Provision for dumping of waste at remote Provision for dumping of waste at remote places, far away from water bodies need places, far away from water bodies need to be adopted.to be adopted.

Collection of waste in ‘Open spots’ or Collection of waste in ‘Open spots’ or ‘Open sites’ should be prohibited. ‘Open sites’ should be prohibited.

Provision for dumping of waste at remote Provision for dumping of waste at remote places, far away from water bodies need places, far away from water bodies need to be adopted.to be adopted.

Collection of waste in ‘Open spots’ or Collection of waste in ‘Open spots’ or ‘Open sites’ should be prohibited.‘Open sites’ should be prohibited.

Provide bins in commercial areas as well Provide bins in commercial areas as well as official complexes. Market associations as official complexes. Market associations could be involved in the upkeep of their could be involved in the upkeep of their civic activities. Roping in the market civic activities. Roping in the market associations will also lead to the associations will also lead to the participation of the local business participation of the local business community and also help in penalizing community and also help in penalizing offenders in forms of levying fines.offenders in forms of levying fines.

Public participation.Public participation.

Women’s groups, NGO’s and Self Women’s groups, NGO’s and Self Help Groups to be more involved.Help Groups to be more involved.

Bio-medical wastes should not be Bio-medical wastes should not be allowed to mixed with the allowed to mixed with the municipal solid wastes. All Bio-municipal solid wastes. All Bio-medical wastes needs to be medical wastes needs to be disposed off in prescribed manner.disposed off in prescribed manner.

•Slaughter House Waste:Slaughter House Waste:

Centralized slaughter house.Centralized slaughter house.Improve hygiene in meat Improve hygiene in meat

industry.industry.Ensure quality control.Ensure quality control.Waste to be treated by Waste to be treated by

composting.composting. Treatment by-products can Treatment by-products can

benefit the slaughter house.benefit the slaughter house.

• Public Participation:Public Participation:

Solid waste management to be Solid waste management to be tackled at grassroots level.tackled at grassroots level.

More powers to be given to the More powers to be given to the village headmen and his council village headmen and his council to punish defaulters.to punish defaulters.

Government to use its machinery Government to use its machinery and man-power for intensive and man-power for intensive mass awareness campaign.mass awareness campaign.

People’s attitude should change.People’s attitude should change.

Cleaning drive of rivers & Cleaning drive of rivers & tributaries with the help of public, tributaries with the help of public, local durbars, NGO’s as short local durbars, NGO’s as short term measures.term measures.

• MINING AND QUARRYING:MINING AND QUARRYING:

Mining and quarrying activities Mining and quarrying activities along and near the water bodies along and near the water bodies should be stopped.should be stopped.

Siting criteria for quarry/mining Siting criteria for quarry/mining as per the Environmental issue as per the Environmental issue should be followed.should be followed.

• FURTHER RECOMMENDATIONS:FURTHER RECOMMENDATIONS:

Enact strict laws against direct Enact strict laws against direct discharge of sewage from houses discharge of sewage from houses and against encroachments along and against encroachments along river banks.river banks.

Enforce the laws.Enforce the laws.

Development of green belt around Development of green belt around the water bodies to reduce the the water bodies to reduce the problem of erosion and siltation.problem of erosion and siltation.

Improvement of the quality of Improvement of the quality of life of the catchment community.life of the catchment community.

Land use control.Land use control.

Prohibition of residential and Prohibition of residential and agricultural development in agricultural development in highly disaster prone areas.highly disaster prone areas.

Washing of vehicles along the Washing of vehicles along the water bodies should be stopped.water bodies should be stopped.

Stop cleaning & washing of Stop cleaning & washing of clothes in water bodies.clothes in water bodies.

Construct separate electric Construct separate electric crematoriums for human dead crematoriums for human dead bodies & animal carcasses. bodies & animal carcasses.

Develop a comprehensive “Lake Develop a comprehensive “Lake Basin Management Plan” in Basin Management Plan” in consultation with all the stake consultation with all the stake holders. holders.

THANK YOUTHANK YOU