PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT-DOWNHOLE TOOLS-STANDARD AUTHORING GUIDELINESTECHNICAL PAPER

Scope:

This International StandardInternational standard provides a standard for the structure and content of product standards authored for downhole tools for use in the petroleum and natural gas industry. These guidelines and the structural model for these International StandardInternational standards have been prepared and approved by the membership of TC 67, SC 4, WG 4. The use of a standardized methodology, structure and content is seen as a substantial asset for the authors of new ISO iInterna-tional iStandards for products. The WG 4 membership envisions this document as an aid to the effi-ciency of preparing an International StandardInternational standard for the world community.

The contents of this have evolved over several years of iInternational sStandard drafting and editing. However, it is recognized that products, technology and circumstances change and therefore, the con-tents of this document are envisioned as a guideline that require thoughtful discussion when applied to new products and circumstances. It is the hope of the WG 4 authors that this will aid those who take on the quest of drafting an iInternational sStandard for products.

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ISO TC 67 – SC 4 - WG 4

STANDARD AUTHORING GUIDELINESSTRUCTURAL MODEL FOR DOWN-HOLE EQUIPMENT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

Original Drafted November, 23, 1998Updated 22 May 2004

A. Goal of this documentThis document defines the guidelines for International StandardInternational standard writing that have been used by the members of WG 4 in authoring standards for down-hole products. These guidelines are intended to aid International StandardInternational standard authors in the process of constructing an International StandardInternational standard of the style and structural model found to be effective in the industry. The suggestions included herein are set forth as guidelines for the authors, without the need for lockstep conformity. However, this is considered a good starting point for WG 4 type product standards.

These guidelines are intended as examples of the style, order and content of the specified “clauses” or sections. The clauses offered in bolded type are preferred for use as shown except when specific product requirements dictate otherwise.

B. General guidelines (listed in random order)A. Required support documents (each must be referred to in every case where applicable):

B. JY suggest this be altered to ISO 9000-2000, ISO 8402, Quality management and quality assur-

ance system --Vocabulary

ISO Directives, Part 2 and 3 Add location and means of collection parts 1 and 2 look at web-

site for these!

T/C-67 Policies Guide 435 Add location and means of collection

Product standards should be structured to cover 85%+ of the products within the scope of the document, without attempting to address all of the special applications that may occur.

B. The product standard may be drafted using any method that achieves the format offered in this doc-ument. However, the final draft is required to be presented for CD in the ISO template, this is available on the TC-67 secretariat Internet home page, (www.api.org/iso/tc67).

C. Clarity of wording and terms is of paramount importance to avoid misinterpretation. Redundant wording should be avoided. Uniform terminology throughout the document is required.

D. Use the terms "user/purchaser" and "supplier/manufacturer" wherever appropriate. Refer to the equipment that is the subject of the International StandardInternational standard as a "product". Avoid the use of personal pronouns. Keep the wording concise to ensure clarity.

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E. Provide a "stand-alone" International StandardInternational standard as much as practical, referenc-ing international or national standards where that is the most practical method. Adopting passages from a recognized authority is also acceptable.

F. Each "Clause" or Sub-clause (section) must begin with the broadest scope possible and become more specific as it progresses in completeness. The term “sub-clause” applies to numbered portions of the document that contain more than one number such as “7.2”. These must be part of the clause/sub-clause-numbering scheme to avoid “hanging paragraphs” (see directives part 3). Titles of the sub-clauses that apply to multiple product types shall have the topic of the Sub-clause shown first followed by the applicable type designation, such as “Functional test-SCSSV”.

G. No sub-clause shall start with “The” or “A”; begin directly with the topic.

H. Use the absolute minimum number of abbreviations practical. Assume that the reader is skilled in the industry but may not have the specialized knowledge of these abbreviations.

I. The term “grades” is preferred where varying levels are available for selection, except where sam-pling procedures are used.

J. The term “International Standard” (capital letters included only when referring to a specific ISO standard) shall be used to refer to ISO standards within the text.

K. Capitalization of words is limited to those that start sentences unless it is a title where that is re-quired.

L. The use of a reference to an Annex shall not use the word “annex” it shall only use the term “see B.3” not “reference Annex B.1” or similar. Similarly, if the reference is necessary use “B.3”.

M. Within the steps of a procedure sub-clause the first item should be the location of the point of data collection; such as; “Record the data on XX.X.X”.

N. Latest version? In the event that more than one reference document can be applied to a specific re-quirement; the term “dual references” applies. The Guidelines for citing more than one refer-ence standard follow. To include more than one reference for a specific provision such that both documents would be cited, either in the list of normative references or in the bibliography. ISO and US references are used as ex-amples. In case of dispute, the Chair of the committee shall select the method.

a) Delete as many references as possible..

b) If the US reference can be replaced by the ISO reference, and all parties accept this, then use the ISO reference only. An example (from ISO 10423) is as follows: "Viscosity and sand content shall be determined in accordance with ISO 10414-1."

c) If the ISO and US references provide the same technical result, but there is a need to retain the traditional US reference, write the provision in accordance with i), ii) or iii) depending on the fre-quency of citation:

i) " ....... in accordance with ISO xxxxx. NOTE  For the purposes of this provision, US Ref yyyy is equivalent to ISO xxxxx." An example is as follows: "Steam turbine drivers shall be in accordance with ISO 10437. NOTE  For the purposes of this provision, API Std 612 is equivalent to ISO 10437."

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The note shall be placed in the line following each subclause/clause in which this formulation is used to state a provision. If this could be ambiguous, for example because the subclause/clause contains several such provisions, then the note shall be placed in the line following the sentence containing the provision.

ii) "....in accordance with ISO xxxx (US Ref yyyy, see Clause 2)". The use of this case shall be explained in a Clause 2 Conformance. An example text for a para-graph in such a conformance clause is:

"In this International StandardInternational standard, certain ISO and non-ISO standards provide the same technical result for a particular provision. In the running text the provision is written in the form ".... in accordance with ISO xxxx (non-ISO yyyy, see Clause 2)".

iii)  If there is a need to make multiple dual references where the use of form i) or ii) may be te-dious,  a single note or paragraph may be inserted in a Clause 2 Conformance. 

Example text (from ISO 15463) for such a note in a conformance clause: "NOTE  ISO 11960 has been back-adopted by API as API Spec 5CT. Therefore, for the purposes of the provisions in this International StandardInternational standard which cite ISO 11960, API Spec 5CT is equivalent to ISO 11960.".

d) If the ISO and US references do not provide the same technical result for a particular provision, both results are acceptable then write the provision in the form:

" ....... in accordance with ISO xxxxx or US Ref zzzz". In this case both the ISO and US Ref zzzz are normative references (if the provision is a require-ment), or informative references (if the provision is a recommendation). An example (from ISO 10439) is as follows: "The compressor shall be performance-tested in accordance with ISO 5389 or ASME PTC 10." In the above example, the manufacturer is free to choose which of the referenced standards to ap-ply. If it is considered necessary for the purchaser to select one or other of the referenced stan-dards, the provision should be constructed as follows:

"The compressor shall be performance-tested in accordance with ISO 5389 or ASME PTC 10, as specified by the purchaser."

C. The order and content of the clausesThe following commentary is included to establish the order and general content of the clauses of an ISO standard for down-hole equipment. The order of clauses is inflexible. The details of the clauses are listed in-order with their required clause number or title. Sub-clause numbering may require varia-tion to handle differing requirements, when a specific and strong motivation exists.

D) "Title page" shall include a title that meets the format dictated by the ISO template. It will begin with "Petroleum and natural gas industries - Downhole equipment" followed by the briefest title practi-cal, while remaining fully accurate.

E) "Foreword" This is provided in the ISO template and must remain as provided. However, supple-mentary data can be added as explanatory to the applicability of the Annexes (either Normative or In-formative). Also correlation to previous editions may be very briefly discussed.

F) “Table of contents" This will be automatically generated as a consequence of using the ISO tem-plate. It must remain in the form provided.

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G) "Introduction" It is recommended that the format and style adopted in previously approved docu-ments be used. The first and last paragraphs are the minimum required text, the example paragraphs between them, illustrate the type of information and detail of information to be included here. Changes appropriate to the specific product requirements such as grade selection for quality, design verification and others may be briefly defined. The illustration “XXX” is used within this commentary to indicate the number of options or grades or similar processes available.

“This International StandardInternational standard has been developed by users/purchasers and suppliers/manufacturers of XXX (product name) and is intended for use in the petroleum and natural gas industry worldwide. This International StandardInternational standard is in-tended to give requirements and information to both parties in the selection, manufacturing, testing, and use of XXX (product name). Further, this International StandardInternational stan-dard addresses supplier requirements, which set the minimum parameters with which suppliers must comply, in order to be able to claim conformity with this International StandardInterna-tional standard.

This International StandardInternational standard has been structured to allow for grades of in-creased requirements in quality control and design validation. These variations allow the user/purchaser to select the grades that are required for a specific application.

The following paragraphs are examples of grades of requirements)

There are XX quality control grades, which provide the user/purchaser the choice of require-ments to meet their preference or application. Quality control grade X is the minimum grade of quality offered by this International StandardInternational standard. Quality control grade X provides additional inspection and verification steps, and quality control grade X is the highest grade provided. Additional quality requirements may be specified by the user/purchaser as supplemental requirements.

There are XX design validation grades, which provide the customer the choice of requirements to meet their preference or application. Design validation grade X is the minimum grade and represents equipment where the validation method has been defined/selected by the supplier/manufacturer. The complexity and severity of the validation testing increases as the grade number decreases.

Users of this International StandardInternational standard should be aware that requirements above those outlined in this International StandardInternational standard may be needed for in-dividual applications. This International StandardInternational standard is not intended to in-hibit a supplier/manufacturer from offering, or the user/purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions. This may be particularly applicable where there is innova-tive or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, the supplier/manufacturer should identify any variations from this International StandardInternational standard.”

Structural comments: The semi-standardized numbering of the International StandardInter-national standard’s paragraphs begins at this point; this is done to help represent the sug-gested format of the International StandardInternational standard to be drafted.

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1 Scope. This is the first numbered clause of the International StandardInternational standard and is numbered (1). It is recommended that the format and style adopted from previously completed WG 4 documents are included herein. It is very strongly recommended that this clause be carefully crafted very early in the document development process. It is critically important that the limits of the new doc-uments coverage be strictly defined. This is the guide for the entire document drafting process. Clearly and precisely distinguish what is covered by this International StandardInternational standard and what related products may be perceived as covered but are outside the scope of this International Standard-International standard.

An example “scope”: This International StandardInternational standard provides the requirements and guidelines for XXX (product name) for use in the petroleum and natural gas industry. This International StandardInternational standard shall be limited to those products meeting the defi-nition of XX (product name) for petroleum and natural gas industry. Installation, maintenance, and repair of these products are outside the scope of this International StandardInternational standard. In addition, products covered by this International StandardInternational standard ap-ply to XX operations; XX applications do not apply or are not covered by this International Stan-dardInternational standard.

2 Normative references: a) Each of the items included here must be specifically referred to within the text of the International StandardInternational standard. The reference must be the complete and accurate title of the docu-ment, and they shall be listed in alphabetical order. The requirements of the referenced normative doc-ument automatically become requirements of the International StandardInternational standard. When a dated reference is included the reference is limited to that standard alone. If a date is not used the most current version applies.An example of a normative reference is:

ISO 11960: 1996, Petroleum and natural gas industries—Steel pipes for use as casing or tubing for wells.

b) Informative references provide information that does not include requirements. NInformative refer-ences are included in the bibliography that is located as the last annex of the International Standard-International standard.

3 Terms and definitions: This clause cannot contain any requirements. It is wise to define all terms that can or may be misinterpreted by users of the International StandardInternational standard. Keep definitions brief but very clear and in a positive tone. They shall be listed in alphabetical order. See ISO 14310, 10432 and 16070 for examples of those items that may be wise to include. Refer to at-tached listing for the definitions as used in related standards.

An introductory statement is suggested: The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. In this International standard, cer-tain ISO and non-ISO standards providing the same technical result for a particular provision. In the running text the provision is written in the form "…. in accordance with ISO xxxx (non-ISO yyyy, see Clause 2)".“For the purpose of this International Standard the following definitions shall apply. For quality system related terms used in this International StandardInternational standard and not defined below see ISO 9000:2000 for their definitions, however, these terms only need to be included when their common usage differs from their use in the International StandardInternational stan-

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dard.”

4 Abbreviated terms: A minimum number of abbreviations should be included and are listed in alpha-betical order herein. Terms that are common knowledge may not need to be included, however, strive for completeness and full clarity for the user of the document.

5 Functional specification: This clause contains the user/purchaser provided specific functional re-quirements for the product covered by the standard. The minimum sub-clauses required are listed in their strongly suggested order, with proposed wording offered. This wording conforms to the docu-ments previously accepted by WG 4. Please add or delete portions with a focused purpose. The bolded words are suggested as the guideline for the required content.

5.1 General: The following wording is suggested:

The user/purchaser shall prepare a functional specification to order products which conform to this International StandardInternational standard and specify the following requirements and operating conditions as appropriate, and/or identify the supplier’s/manufacturer’s specific prod-uct. These requirements and operating conditions may be conveyed by means of a dimensional drawing, data sheet, or other suitable documentation.

5.2 Type description: (such as: wireline, TFL, TR, et al)

5.3 Functional characteristics: A list of distinctive features, qualities, or performance requirements is required here. An example list is included hereafter:

a) conveyance method;

b) selectivity;

c) sealing device;

d) dimensions;

e) passage of auxiliary conduits (electrical/hydraulic/injection)

5.4 Well parameters: The interface issues include, but are not limited to: dimensions of tubulars, connections, deviation, temperatures, pressures, flow rates, physical restrictions limits, et al. An example list is included hereafter:

a) size, weight, material and grade of the casing and tubing.

b) well depth and angle from the vertical to the installed position.

c) casing and tubing architecture, deviations, and restrictions the tool must pass through.

d) Anticipated loading conditions to be applied to the tool (pressure, temp. time, and compres-sive loads).

5.5 Operational parameters: (installation methods and limitations, loading conditions, setting depth,

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procedural constraints, allowable operations). An example list is included hereafter:

a) acidizing, including the acid composition, pressure, temperature, velocity, exposure time and any other chemicals used during the stimulation.

b) fracturing, including proppant description, fracture fluid velocity, proppant/fluid ratio.

c) sand consolidation operations.

d) well intervention service equipment, such as electric line, slick line, braided line, coiled tub-ing, or snubbing equipment.

5.6 Environmental compatibility: This clause includes: values, minimum/maximum limits of produced fluid chemistry / physical composition, temperatures, pressures, flow rates, anticipated life cycle, mate-rials of interfaced devices, and similar parameters. The following wording is suggested: If the user/purchaser has access to the corrosion property data of the operating environment based on historical data and/or research, they shall state to the manufacturer which material(s) has the ability to perform as required within the corrosion environment.

Should the manufacturer choose to use another material, the manufacturer shall state that this material has performance characteristics suitable for all parameters specified in the well and production/injection parameters (clause XX). This applies to metallic and non-metallic compo-nents.An example list is included hereafter:

a) production/injection fluid composition, mass, chemical/physical composition and the condi-tion of the fluid and/or its components, being solid (sand, scale etc.), liquid and/or gaseous to which the product is exposed to during its full life cycle.

b) both the minimum and the maximum anticipated values of the production/injection pres-sures, pressure differentials, temperatures and flow (injection) rates.

5.7 Compatibility with related well equipment: The following text is suggested:

The user/purchaser, where applicable, shall specify the interface connection designs and mate-rial requirements, free-passage requirements, external / internal dimensional limitations, needed to assure that the product will conform to their application.An example list is included hereafter:

a) size, type, material, configuration and interface dimensions of the connection between the product and other well equipment.

b) size, type and configuration of other products to be passed through or over the product.

c) internal/external receptacle profile(s)/securing mechanism(s), sealing dimensions and their respective locations.

d) size, type and configuration of other products to be used with in conjunction this product.

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5.8 Design verification: An International StandardInternational standard may include more than one level that must be selected by the user/purchaser. There may be verification actions required on seg-ments of the parts and processes that are needed to assure that the product will conform to the Interna-tional StandardInternational standard.The following text is suggested:

The design verification grade shall be specified. This International StandardInternational stan-dard provides _XX__ grades of design verification as stipulated in detail in 7.XX. Of course if no options are offered this wording can be omitted entirely. See 6.4 for a definition of design validation.

5.9 Design validation: An International StandardInternational standard may include more than one level that must be selected by the user/purchaser. There may be validation actions required on seg-ments of the parts and processes that are needed to assure that the product will conform to the Interna-tional StandardInternational standard.The following text is suggested:

The design validation grade shall be specified. This International StandardInternational stan-dard provides _XX__ grades of design validation as stipulated in detail in 7.XX. Of course if no options are offered this wording can be omitted entirely. See 6.5 for a definition of design validation.

5.10 Quality control: An International StandardInternational standard may include more than one level that must be selected by the user/purchaser. There may be quality actions required on segments of the parts and processes that are needed to assure that the product will conform to the International Stan-dardInternational standard. This clause is intended to provide the user/purchaser selection of a specific level of quality control, such as “Q1”, “Q2” or “Q3”; however, the specifics of those grades are included in the “Technical Specification”; clause 6.The following text is suggested:

The quality control grade shall be specified. This International StandardInternational standard provides _XX_ grades of quality control as stipulated in detail in 7.XX. Of course if no options are offered this wording can be omitted entirely.

6. Technical specification

6.1 General requirements: Clause 6 contains the information provided by the supplier/manufacturer necessary to meet the functional specification requirements as defined in clause 5. It will include the detailed technical characteristics and criteria of the product. The supplier/manufacturer shall also pro-vide to the user/purchaser product data defined in clause 7, documentation and data control. The following text is suggested:

The supplier/manufacturer shall prepare the technical specification that responds to the require-ments defined in the functional specification. The supplier/manufacturer shall also provide to the user/purchaser product data defined in 7.XXX.

6.2 Technical characteristics: In very general terms this clause specifies the functionality of the prod-uct. An example list is included hereafter:

The following criteria shall be met:a) the products shall locate and/or seal at the specified location and remain so until intentional

intervention defines otherwise;

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b) while installed, the products shall perform per the functional specification and shall not compromise well intervention operations as specified.

6.3 Design criteria: (dimensional limits, material requirements, loading capabilities, performance rat-ings, required and assumed design parameters).

6.3.1 Materials: The following text is suggested:

6.3.1.1 General Materials, and/or the service, shall be stated by the supplier/manufacturer and shall be suitable for the class of service and the environment specified in the functional specification. The man-ufacturer shall have written specifications for all materials. All materials used shall comply with the manufacturer’s written specifications. This applies to metallic and non-metallic compo-nents.

The user/purchaser may specify materials for the specific use and corrosion environment in the functional specification. Should the manufacturer propose to use another material, the manu-facturer shall state that this material has performance characteristics suitable for all parameters specified in the well and production/injection parameters. This applies to metallic and non-metallic components.

Material substitutions in qualified equipment are allowed without validation testing provided that the manufacturer's selection criteria are documented and meet all other requirements of this International standard.

Metals6.3.1.2. The manufacturer’s specifications shall define:

a) chemical-composition limits;

b) heat treatment conditions;

c) mechanical-property limits:

1) tensile strength,

2) yield strength,

3) elongation,

4) hardness.

The mechanical properties for traceable metal components shall be verified by tests conducted on a material sample produced from the same heat of material. The material sample shall exper-ience the same heat treatment process as the component it qualifies. Material subsequently heat-treated from the same heat of material shall be hardness-tested after processing to confirm compliance with the hardness requirements of the manufacturer’s specifications. The hardness results shall verify through documented correlation that the mechanical properties of the mater-ial tested meet the properties specified. The heat treatment process parameters shall be defined in a heat treatment procedure. Hardness testing is the only mechanical-property test re-quired after stress relieving. Material test reports provided by the material supplier or the man-ufacturer are acceptable documentation when validated.

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6.3.1.2.1 Each welded component shall be stress-relieved as specified in the manufacturer's written specifications and, where applicable, in accordance with paragraphs UCS-56 and UHA-32, Section VIII, Division 1, Subsection C, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In addi-tion, carbon and low-alloy steel weldments on Class 3S SSSV equipment shall be stress-re-lieved in accordance with NACE MR0175.

Non-metals6.3.1.3. The manufacturer's written specifications for non-metallic compounds shall include handling, storage and labeling requirements, including the cure date, batch number, compound identification and shelf life appropriate to each compound and shall define those characteristics critical to the performance of the material, such as:

a) compound type;

b) mechanical properties, as a minimum:

1) tensile strength (at break);

2) elongation (at break);

3) tensile modulus (at 50 % or 100 %, as applicable);

c) compression set;

d) durometer hardness.

6.3.1.3.1 The manufacturer shall have documented procedures and evaluations that verify the material used is validated (or tested) as suitable for use in the specific configuration, environment and application. These evaluations shall include the combination of: pressure, temperature, geometric seal design and its application, and the fluids com-patible with the intended application.

6.3.1.3.2 Sealing devices and materials previously qualified in accordance with prior editions of ISO XXXX or API Spec 1XXX for the relevant range of applications shall be considered as meeting the design validation requirements of this International standard.

Materials and/or service shall be specified by the supplier/manufacturer and shall be suitable for the service specified in the functional specification. If the user/purchaser has access to the cor-rosion property data of the operating environment based on historical data and/or research, they shall state to the manufacturer which material(s) has the ability to perform as required within the corrosion environment. Should the manufacturer choose to use another material, the manufacturer shall state that this material has performance characteristics suitable for all pa-rameters specified in the well and production/injection parameters. This applies to metallic and non-metallic components.

Also see 7.4.2 regarding material certifications.

6.3.2 Performance rating: The following text is suggested, there may be other items required in this clause and some of those shown may require removal:

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The supplier/manufacturer shall state the pressure, temperature, and axial loads, maximum per-formance ratings, as applicable for the products. This information may be provided in an oper-ating performance envelope; an example is given in annex XX.

6.4 Design verification: (proof of design capability, calculations, and historical data to support the de-sign that may include acceptance criteria). See definitions listing for approved definition. The following text is suggested:

Design verification shall be performed to ensure that the product design meets the supplier/manufacturer technical specifications. Design verification includes activities such as design re-views, design calculations, and comparison with similar designs and historical records of de-fined operating conditions.

6.5 Design validation requirements: (proof of design capability testing and acceptance criteria). The following wording is proposed as a starting point for the authors. This section can address several tech-nologies and the separate testing and acceptance criteria for each if they fit into the scope of the docu-ment. See definitions listing for approved definitions.The following text is suggested:

The manufacturer shall document the validation test procedure and results and shall have on file material certifications and drawings, which show all the applicable dimensions, materials and tolerances of parts contained in the validation tested product. Pre- and post-test dimen-sional inspection of critical operational areas, are determined by the manufacturer, shall be con-ducted, documented and maintained by the manufacturer.

6.5.1 General: This offers an example of the grade selection methodology, the authors may select the number of grades appropriate for the covered product. Review the list of definitions for those of valida-tion and verification. Therefore, the following example text is suggested:

Design verification

Design verification shall be performed to ensure that each SSSV design meets the supplier’s/manufacturer’s technical specifications. Design verification includes activities such as design reviews, design calculations, physical tests, comparison with similar designs and historical records of defined operating conditions.

Design validation

GeneralThe products produced in accordance with this International standard shall pass the validation test required by this subclause and shall be performed by XXXXXXX.

The testing requirements in this International standard are not represented as well conditions.The objectives of the validation testing requirements of this subclause are to qualify XXXX equipment for specific classes (grades) of service, (either Class 1 or Class 2). Equipment fur-nished to this International standard requires validation testing to qualify each size, type and model.

Successful completion of the validation testing process shall qualify XXXXs of the same size, type and model as the tested product. Substantive changes to the validation test (specified herein) shall require requalification of a previously qualified product within X years of the effec-tive date of the change.

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Optional wording: Qualification for Class 2 service shall include testing for Class 1 service. An product passing the Class 1 portion, but failing the Class 2 portion of the combined test, shall be qualified for Class 1 service only.

In the event that grades of design validation are appropriate for the product of the standard the follow-ing is a start on the method of including that set of requirements. Grades are not required, and where only one is defined it can be just stated as straight requirements. The following is one example of ad-dressing the inclusion of “grades”. In every case the grade 1 is the most stringent.

AnThis International StandardInternational standard provides XX grades of design validation for the product. The user/purchaser shall specify the grade of design validation required. Previous documentation or testing applicable to existing products shall be accepted at its relevant grade.

V3 Applies to products that satisfy all requirements of this International StandardInterna-tional standard except for validation testing.

V2 Applies to products that satisfy all requirements of this International StandardInterna-tional standard including the testing in 6.5.X and 6.5.X. All grade V2 equipment meets the requirements of grade V3.

V1 Applies to products that satisfy all requirements of this International StandardInterna-tional standard including the testing in 6.5.X. All grade V 1 equipment meets the require-ments of grade V3 and V2.

The specific testing requirements or procedures are typically included in Clause 7.

Revise this area to add clarity of cascade test or different requirements and acceptance criteria.

Product Name; validation testing - Grade V2a) The manufacturer shall perform an internal pressure test (or other appropriate tests) of each

size, type and model of the product at the rated test pressures or loads.

b) The test apparatus shall be capable of providing and accurately recording the pressures and loads at the rated test limits of the product.

c) hold time for the pressure test shall be at least XX min after stabilization. Pressure varia-tions shall not exceed  X % from the applied test pressure.

d) all testing shall be performed at XX and XX temperatures.

e) products shall undergo operational testing and pressure testing to confirm the maximum pressure rating of their capability. During the bore pressure tests, the XX ports shall be monitored for leakage. If, during these tests, any leakage is detected from a XX port that is designated as isolated (as per the Operating Manual), the product fails the test.

f) the product shall be installed and retrieved using the manufacturer’s specified tools, proce-dures and acceptance criteria.

g) all pressure testing shall be performed at ambient temperature unless otherwise specified.

Product Name; validation test - Grade V1a) same format as V2 possibly different acceptance or test criteria

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6.6 Allowable design changes: This is a controversial and often discussed portion of the work. There are many ideas of how to approach this issue, WG 4 has chosen the following wording as a baseline for the authors consideration.

The following text is suggested.

All design changes must be documented and reviewed by the supplier/manufacturer against the design verification and design validation documents to determine if the change is a substantive change. A substantive design change is a change to the design identified by the supplier/manu-facturer that affects the performance of the product in the intended service condition. A design that undergoes a substantive change becomes a new design requiring design verification per clause XX and design validation per clause XX. All design changes and modifications shall be identified, documented, reviewed and approved before their implementation and meet the applicable validation test requirements of this Interna-tional standard. Justifications for design changes, which are identified as non-substantive, must be documented. The supplier/manufacturer shall, as a minimum, consider the following for each design change:• Stress levels of the modified or changed components,• Material changes.• Functional changes.

6.7 Scaling of design validation: It is recognized that minor design scaling may be an appropriate and acceptable practice, however, it must be performed within established guidelines. This clause sets those parameters. It is recognized that the wording offered herein may not suit all technologies, there-fore, please consider it as a beginning. This clause has the potential of being unclear therefore, defin-ing what is allowed “in” and what is “not” must be well defined. Two suggested texts are offered, to fit the need of the application, either or a combination of the text may be adopted and refined as required.

The following text is the first optional text suggested.

Within the same design family and same tubular size scaling may be used to validate size or di -mensional variations in a single product family in accordance with the requirements and limita-tions of XX and XX of this International StandardInternational standard. A product family is a group of assemblies that meets the following design requirements:• Configuration: The design principals for the geometry, materials and functionality are the

same. Design stress levels: The design stress levels in relation to material mechanical properties

are based on the same criteria.Scaling is allowed to qualify a product family within a given XX size with the following limita-tions: Physical and environmental restrictions are to be applied herein.

Scaling shall not be used to cover products with higher pressure ratings, higher temperature range, larger temperature cycle range, higher axial load ratings, or larger rating envelops than the tested product.

The following text is the second optional text suggested.

XXX.X Working pressure de-rating of XXXs of the same nominal size, type and model is per-mitted by reference to a successfully validation-tested product (base design) when the require-

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ments of this subclause and this International standard are satisfied. The rated working pres-sure of a de-rated design may be less than that of the base design by a maximum of XX%.

XXX.X In establishing a de-rated design, the manufacturer shall identify the critically stressed components of the base design, establish the maximum stress factors within those components at the maximum rated conditions and the specific mode of that stress. All design considerations and stress factors applied to the base design and its components shall be ap-plied to the de-rated design evaluation.

The manufacturer shall establish the maximum stress factors in the equivalent components within the de-rated design. The minimum acceptable material condition, minimum acceptable material yield strengths, and maximum and minimum temperature effects on material properties shall be used.

XXX.X Evaluation of the de-rated design shall include comparison of the calculated max-imum stress factors stated as a percentage of material yields of the components of the base design; these shall not exceed the maximum stress factors of the components of the base design. The mode of stress and same method of calculation(s) / evaluation(s) shall be applied to the identified components of both product designs.

Adjustments to material thickness or yield strengths shall not negatively impact maximum stress factors. The de-rated product shall be evaluated by the manufacturer to ensure that it will meet the requirements of the validation test and claimed capabilities.  

6.8 Functional testing requirements: In the event that functional testing is appropriate for the product , this clause sets those requirements. This is the place for those requirements. The frequency and content of this testing can be established in this clause. The following text is suggested.

Functional testing shall be performed to verify that the product manufactured meets or exceeds the manufacturer’s documented requirements, technical specification and the functional specifi-cation prepared by the user/purchaser. The result of these evaluations shall be recorded and become a portion of the quality documentation on that product.

6.9 Optional validation testing :

The following text is suggested.

Some applications (products) may require additional testing to be agreed upon between the user/purchaser and manufacturer/ supplier.

7 Supplier requirements7.1 General:This clause contains the detailed requirements to verify that each product manufactured meets the re-quirements of the functional and technical specifications. As a minimum, each of the following topics must be addressed.

7.2 Documentation and data control: The following text is offered as the standard method for inclu-sion of these controls. The authors may choose to refine the requirements as necessary to fit the needs ofd specific products.

The following text is suggested.

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The manufacturer/supplier shall establish and maintain documented procedures to control all documents and data that relate to the requirements of this International StandardInternational standard. These documents and data shall be maintained to demonstrate conformance to spe-cified requirements. All documents and data shall be legible and shall be sorted and retained in such a way that they are readily retrievable in facilities that provide suitable environment to prevent damage or deterioration and to prevent loss.

Documents and data may be in any type of media, such as hard copy or electronic media. All documents and data shall be available and auditable by the user/purchaser. All design verifica-tion and validation documents and data, shall be maintained for XX years after date of last ma-nufacture of that product.

An example list of the documents included may contain:

a) functional and technical specificationb) required grade of quality control documentation as specified in clause 5 and 6.c) one complete set of drawings, written specifications and design standards.d) instructions providing methods for the safe assembly and disassembly of the product. This document shall state the operations, which preclude failure and/or non-compliance with the functional and performance requirementse) component material type, yield strength and connection identification(s) requirements.

7.2.1 Operating manual requirements (as applicable): This clause may or may not be selected by the authors for inclusion at their option. The following text is suggested.

A technical/operations manual must be available (or provided if that is typical for the product) for all products supplied in accordance with this International StandardInternational standard. The technical/operations manual shall contain at least the following information:a) manual reference number;b) bill of material;c) technical specification;d) operational procedures;e) pre-installation inspection procedures;f) storage recommendations;g) representative drawing identifying major dimensions (ODs, IDs, lengths);h) special precautions and handling.

7.2.2 Product data sheet: (as applicable) This clause may or may not be selected by the authors for inclusion or revision at their option. Product data sheets shall be supplied at delivery to the user/purchaser as required in XX and shall contain at least the following information, where applicable:a) name and address of supplier/manufacturer;b) manufacturer assembly number;c) manufacturer product name;d) product type;e) product characteristic;f) metallic materials;g) non-metallic materials;h) drift diameters;I) overall length;

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j) temperature range;k) rated working pressure;m) top/bottom connection(s);n) conveyance method;o) maximum tensile/compressionp) maximum conveyance OD, inclusive of running equipment, as applicable;q) retrieval method (if retrievable);r) quality control grade;s) design validation grade;t) technical/operations manual reference number.

7.3 Product identification: There are widely varying requirements for product identification with varia-tions in product applications. The inclusion of a paragraph that details the specific requirements for a product to meet the requirements of this International StandardInternational standard is required. The following text is suggested.

Each product furnished to this standard shall be permanently identified according to the sup-plier/manufacturer’s specifications. The manufacturer’s specifications shall define the type, method of application and location of the identifications. The following information is the mini-mum that shall be marked on each product:

a) manufacturer's identificationb) date (month and year) of final acceptance by the manufacturer.c) manufacturer's part number and serial number.d) rated working pressure and temperature limitse) if manufacturer's part number does not include the details of the interface connections such as: thread type, size and weight they shall be included.

7.4 Quality control

7.4.1 Quality control grades: There are widely varying requirements for quality control variations in product applications. The inclusion of a paragraph that details the specific requirements for a product to meet the requirements of this International StandardInternational standard is required. While the bold text shows several grades of quality control grade the technology may merit only one, this is au-thors preference. The suggested text is proposed herein.

This International StandardInternational standard provides for multiple grades of increased re-quirements in quality control. These grades allow the user/purchaser to select the grade that is required for a specific application. There are XX quality control grades that provide the user/purchaser the choice of requirements to meet their preference or application. Quality control grade XX is the minimum level of quality offered by the specification and is consistent with quality grades that are minimum industry practice. Quality control grade XX provides additional inspection and verification steps, and quality control grade XX is the highest grade provided by this specification. Additional quality upgrades may be specified by the user/purchaser as sup-plemental requirements.

Typically, a matrix that includes the specific details of each level is included in this clause to define the specifics required.

Additional topics that shall be covered as applicable include: non-conformity handling, traceability, in-spection/examination requirements, additional processes, material handling, calibration requirements, assembly verification, welding controls, material certifications, dimensional and surface finish consider-ations.

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7.4.2 Raw materials: There are widely varying requirements for raw material variations in product ap-plications. The inclusion of a paragraph that details the specific requirements for a product to meet the requirements of this International StandardInternational standard is necessary. The following text is suggested.

7.4.2.1 Material certifications:The following text is suggested

Raw material used in the manufacture of components shall meet the following requirements:

a) certificate of conformance stating that the raw material meets the supplier’s documented specifications.

b) material test report so that the manufacturer can verify that the raw material meets the sup-plier’s documented specifications.

7.4.2.2 Mechanical and physical properties (as applicable)Review for alignment with 10432 and 16070 et al as to the structure et al Thru 7.4.6.2

7.4.2.2.1 Metallic materials:Mechanical property test procedures and practices shall be in accordance with ASTM A370 for the metallic materials used for traceable components. See 7.4.6.2.

7.4.2.2.2 Non-metallic materials:Mechanical property test procedures for non-metallic materials and elastomeric compound types shall be in accordance with 7.4.6.2.

7.4.3 Additional processes to components (as applicable): There are widely varying requirements for these processes due to variations in product applications. The inclusion of details of the specific re-quirements for a product to meet the requirements of this International StandardInternational standard is necessary. The following text is suggested. 7.4.3.1 Material certification:

Additional process to components, e.g. heat treatment, welding, coatings, etc. shall meet the following requirements:

a) certificate of conformance stating that the materials and processes meet the manufacturer‘s documented specifications;

b) material test report so that the manufacturer can verify that the materials and processes meet the material supplier’s documented specifications.

7.4.3.2 Coatings and overlays:Coatings and overlays shall be controlled by documented processing instructions, which include acceptance criteria.

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7.4.3.3 Welding and brazinga) Welding and brazing procedure and personnel qualification shall be in accordance with a na-

tional or international standardinternational standard such as, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX

b) Material and practices not listed in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX shall be applied using weld procedures qualified in accordance with a national or interna-tional standard such as the methods of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX.

c) Ultrasonic inspection – weldments:1) method – ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Nondestructive Examina-

tion, Article 5 or an equivalent national or international standard.

2) acceptance criteria - ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, Section VIII, Pressure Vessel, Division 1, Appendix 12 or an equivalent national or international standard.

7.4.3.4. Heat treating equipment qualification:

7.4.3.4.1 Furnace calibration:a) Heat treating of production parts shall be performed with heat treating equipment that has

been calibrated and surveyed.

b) Each furnace shall be surveyed within one year prior to heat treating operations. When a fur-nace is repaired or rebuilt, a new survey shall be required before heat treating.

c) Batch type and continuous type heat treating furnaces shall be calibrated in accordance with one of the following procedures:

1) procedures specified in MIL-H-6875H, Section 5;

2) procedures specified in British Standard M54:199182, Section 7;

3) manufacturer's written specifications including acceptance criteria which are not less stringent than the procedures identified above;

7.4.3.4.2 Instrumentation:a) Automatic controlling and recording instruments shall be used.

b) Thermocouples shall be located in the furnace working zone(s) and protected from furnace atmospheres.

c) The controlling and recording instruments used for the heat treatment processes shall pos-sess an accuracy of 1 % of their full-scale range.

d) Temperature controlling and recording instruments shall be calibrated at least once every three months until a documented calibration history can be established. Calibration inter-vals shall then be established based on repeatability, degree of usage and documented cali-bration history.

e) Equipment used to calibrate the furnace equipment shall possess an accuracy of 0.25 % of full-scale range.

7.4.4 Traceability: There are widely varying requirements for these processes due to variations in product applications. The inclusion of a paragraph that details the specific requirements for a product

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to meet the requirements of the International StandardInternational standard is necessary. Two sug-gested texts are offered, to fit the need of the application, either or a combination of the text may be adopted and refined as required. . The following text is the first suggestion:suggested.

7.4.4.1 All components, weldments, subassemblies and assemblies of SSSV equipment shall be traceable except:

a) setting springs used to establish closure parameters for SSCSVs;

b) beans for SSCSVs;

c) common hardware items such as nuts, bolts, set screws and spacers. (avoid pressure retain-ing and load bearing items)

7.4.4.2 Traceability shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s documented procedures. All assemblies, components (including seals), weldments and subassemblies of equipment sup-plied shall be traceable to a job lot and a material test report. Components and weldments shall also have their included heat(s) or batch lot(s) identified. All components and weldments in a multi-heat or multi-batch lot shall be rejected if any heat or batch does not comply with the man-ufacturer’s specified requirements.

74.4.3 Traceability for SSSV equipment is considered sufficient if the equipment meets the re-quirements of this International standard when it leaves the manufacturer's inventory.

The following text is the second suggestion:

7.4.4.1 Job lot traceability All components, weldments, sub-assemblies and assemblies shall be tracable to a job lot. Components and weldments shall also have their included heat(s) or batch lot(s) identified. All components and weldments in a multi-heat or multi-batch lot shall be rejected if any heat or batch does not comply with the specified requirements.

7.4.4.2 Items requiring traceability Traceability of components, weldments, subassemblies and assemblies shall be in accordance with the grade specified in 7.XX.

7.4.4.3 Document retentionRequired documentation for traceability shall be retained for a minimum of five years from the data of origination.

7.4.5 Calibrations systems:

The following text is suggested and can be refined as required to meet the application:.

7.4.5.1 Measuring and testing equipment used for acceptance shall be identified, inspected, calibrated and adjusted at specific intervals in accordance with documented specifications, ANSI/NCSL Z540-1, and this International standard.

7.4.5.2 Pressure measuring devices shall:

a) be readable to at least  0,5 % of full scale range;

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b) be calibrated to maintain  2 % accuracy of full scale range.

7.4.5.3 Pressure measuring devices shall be used only within the calibrated range.

7.4.5.4 Pressure measuring devices shall be calibrated with a master pressure measuring device or a dead weight tester. Calibration intervals for pressure-measuring devices shall be a maximum of three months until documented calibration history can be established. Calibration intervals shall then be established based on documented, repeatability, degree of usage and documented calibration history.

Pressure measuring devices shall be calibrated with a nationally certified master pressure mea-suring device or a dead weight tester. Pressure measuring systems shall be calibrated to a maximum variation of 2 % full-scale accuracy. Pressure transducers, digital readouts and gauges shall be readable to 0.5 % of full-scale range. Pressure transducers systems shall be used for acceptance only within their calibrated range

Pressure measurements shall be taken at not less than 25% nor more than 75% of the full span of the pressure gage. Pressure gauges shall be calibrated at 25% +/-2.5%, 50% +/- 2.5%, and 75% +/- 2.5% of scale and pressure transducer systems shall be calibrated over their intended range of use as specified in manufacturer’s documents.

Calibration intervals shall be established based on repeatability and degree of usage. Calibra-tion intervals shall be a maximum of three months until recorded calibration history can be es-tablished. Intervals may be lengthened or shortened based on calibration history. The calibra-tion interval cannot be increased by more than twice the previous interval. 7.4.5.5 Calibration of measuring equipment used for final acceptance shall be identified, con-trolled, calibrated, and adjusted in accordance with an internationally or nationally recognized standard(s) that is no less stringent than the requirements included herein.

7.4.6 Non destructive examination (NDE) requirements:

The following text is suggested

When specified non destructive examinations shall be performed and accepted according to the manufacturer’s documented specifications that shall include the requirements defined in this clause. When the manufacturer’s specifications allow sample lot examinations, they shall be on a minimum sample lot that is (reference ISO 2859-1 or ANSIASQC.4 similar reference ) 5XX% of the job lot with one product as the absolute minimum

Non destructive examination instructions shall be detailed in manufacturer's documented pro-cedures and comply with the requirements of this International StandardInternational standard. All NDE instructions shall be approved by the applicable manufacturer's accepted SNT.TC.l A level III examiner.

All welds and adjacent heat-affected zones of the sample lot shall be non-destructively exam-ined by one or more of the following methods: radiography, magnetic particle, ultrasonic, or liq-uid penetrant as designated in the manufacturer's specifications.

When the inspection produces an unacceptable indication, one additional product from the job lot shall be inspected. If it also is found unacceptable, then 100 % of the job lot shall be in-spected to verify compliance. Any unacceptable indications shall be removed, repaired, and re-examined using the original NDE method and acceptance criteria.

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7.4.6.1 Acceptance of all materials/documents shall be permanently indicated either on the ma-terials/documents or in records directly traceable to them.

7.4.6.2 Hardness testing shall be in accordance with (ISO 6506-1 6507-1 6508-1) ASTM E10 or E18; ASTM E92 may be used when E10 or E18 cannot be applied due to size, accessibility, or other limitations. Hardness conversion to other measurement units shall be in accordance with ASTM E140, with the exceptions noted in NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 for materials which are in-tended for use in wells where corrosive agents could be expected to cause stress corrosion cracking.

Mechanical property test procedures for elastomeric compound types shall be in accordance with:a) tensile, elongation, modulus:

1) O-Rings - ASTM D1414;

2) all others - ASTM D412.

b) compression set:

1) O-Rings - ASTM D1414;

2) all others - ASTM D395.

c) durometer hardness:

1) O-Rings – ASTM D1415;

2) all others – ASTM D2240.

7.4.6.3 Radiographic NDE inspections shall meet the requirements of an international or na-tional standard such as ASTM E-94. Acceptance criteria shall be per an international or national standard such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Clause VII, Division I, UW-5l. The ac-ceptance criteria applied shall be no less stringent than that included therein.

7.4.6.4 Ultrasonic inspections shall meet the requirements of an international or national stan-dard such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Clause V, (Nondestructive Examination), Article 5. Acceptance criteria shall be of an international or national standard such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, Clause VIII, Division 1, Appendix 12. The acceptance criteria applied shall be no less stringent than that included therein.

7.4.6.5 Magnetic particle inspections shall be in accordance with of an international or national standard such as ISO 13665 or ASTM E-709 and liquid penetrant examination shall be in accor-dance with of an international or national standard such as ISO 12095 or ASTM E-165. The ac-ceptance criteria applied shall be no less stringent than that included therein.

7.4.6.6 Surface defect inspection(s):Before assembly, the supplier/manufacturer shall visually inspect all accessible surfaces for cracks and damage to ensure that the technical specification is met.

7.4.6.7 Personnel qualifications:

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Personnel performing and accepting NDE shall be qualified in accordance with an international or national standard such as ISO 9712 or SNT TC-1A, Level II as a minimum for evaluation and interpretation. Personnel performing visual examinations shall have an annual eye examination in accordance with SNT-TC-1A, as applicable to the discipline to be performed.

7.4.7 Component dimensional inspection:The following text is suggested.

All components must be dimensionally inspected to assure proper function and compliance with design criteria and specifications. Inspection shall be performed during or after the manu-facture of the components but, prior to assembly.

7.4.8 Manufacturing nonconformance:The following text is suggested:

The supplier /manufacturer shall establish and maintain documented procedures to ensure that an assembly or component that does not conform to specified requirements is prevented from unintended use or installation. This control shall provide for the identification, documentation, evaluation, segregation (when applicable) and disposition of nonconforming components or as-semblies.

Responsibility for review and authority for disposition of non-conforming assemblies or compo-nents shall be defined by the supplier/manufacturer.

7.5 Product functional testing:This clause contains the detailed testing and acceptance criteria required prior to product delivery. The following text is suggested:

Functional testing shall be performed by the manufacturer on each new product manufactured in accordance with the International StandardInternational standard. Functional test results shall be recorded, dated, and signed by the personnel performing the test. The testing details and acceptance criteria are defined by the suppliers/ manufacturer’s documented procedures.

8 Repair: This information has been included in some standards and not in others as the authors have seen fit. When necessary the following text is suggested. Repair activities to XXX (product name) shall return the product to a condition meeting the re-quirements stated in this International StandardInternational standard or the edition in effect at the time of its original manufacture.” A successful and documented functional test per the re-quirements on this International StandardInternational standard shall be required prior to the shipment of each repaired product.

Annexes: The annexes of the International StandardInternational standard may be either normative (requirements of the International StandardInternational standard by specific reference within the text) or informative (for general information only). In each case they are an integral component of the Inter-national StandardInternational standard. In the event that data is required that would interrupt the flow of the reading of the text it can be included in an annex. Caution is advised to ensure that reference to the annex is included in the text and that the annex is fully self-explanatory.

See the ISO Directives for their proper structure and numbering sequence.

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Bibliography: This shall appear after the last Annex of the International StandardInternational standard and be drafted following the rules set out in ISO 690. The bibliography includes documents that are ref-erenced in the text but are not requirements. These are normative references.

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.Authoring Guide.doc

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Definitions Master ISO 10432 + 16070 + 10432-1999 + 10432-2003 14310-2001 + 15136 +

NOTE For quality system terms used in the text of this International standard but not defined below, see ISO 9000:2000.ambient temperatureprevailing temperature at test site

applied torquetorque that is applied to the top of the drive string by the surface drive system

assemblyproduct comprised of more than one component

auxiliary equipment equipment or components that are outside the scope of this International Standard and are typically selected and/or installed by the user/purchaser; examples are sheaves and belts, motors, polished rod clamps, guards, motor controllers and torque limiting devices.

axial load capacity the maximum allowable load that can be supported by the structure independent of auxiliary equipment capabili -ties

backspin the process by which the progressing cavity pump, the drive string and the power train turn in the direction oppo -site to normal operation; backspin is driven by the release of the torsional and fluid potential energy

backspin resisting torque the torque generated by a brake system to resist backspin

bean (orifice)designed restriction causing the pressure drop in velocity-type SSCSVs

beanthe orifice or designed restriction causing the pressure drop in velocity-type SSCSVs

bottom drive systemPCP drive system utilizing a downhole prime mover

brake systemsystem that provides controlled resistance to backspin

bridge plugmechanical device installed in and used for blocking fluid (liquid or gas) communication in the conduit and not in-stalled in a designed receptacle

casingpipe extending from the surface and intended to line the walls of a drilled wellISO 14310:2001(E)2 © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

casing sizenominal casing OD as specified in ISO 11960

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chloride stress corrosion crackingcracking under the combined action of tensile stress and corrosion in the presence of chlorides and water

componentindividual part of an assembly

conduitcasing, tubing or liner, either metallic or non-metallic

design acceptance criteriadefined limits placed on characteristics of materials, products, or services, established by the manufacturer to en-sure conformance to the product design

design validationprocess of proving a design by testing to demonstrate conformity of the product to design requirements

design verificationprocess of examining the premise of a given design by calculation, comparison or investigation, to substantiate conformity with specified requirements.

direct drive type of surface drive system with no internal gear reduction

drift diameterminimum ID of a packer, expressed as the OD of the drift bar utilized during assembly verification, as outlined in

drive stringdevice transmitting power (usually sucker rods) between the surface drive system and the PCP

driver sheave pulley mounted on the prime mover shaft in belt driven surface drive systems

driven sheave pulley mounted on the main shaft in belt driven surface drive systems

dynamic fluid leveldepth from the wellhead to the top of the liquid column in the casing-tubing annulus under dynamic conditions end connection SSSV equipment/tubular connecting interface.

end connectionthread or other mechanism providing equipment to tubular interface

environmentset of conditions to which the product is exposed

exposed componentflow-wetted component, internally wetted component and/or component contacted by well fluid below the packing element

extrusion gapradial gap between the maximum rated casing ID and the minimum OD immediately adjacent to the packingelement

failureany equipment condition that prevents it from performing to the requirements of the functional specification

fitthe geometric relationship between parts.

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NOTE This would include the tolerance criteria used during the design of a part and its mating parts, including seals

flow ratevolume of fluid pumped per unit of time

flow-wetted componentcomponent that comes in direct contact with the dynamic movement of well fluids in the flow stream

fluid potential energy energy stored in the production system due to the difference in fluid levels between the production tubing and the tubing-casing annulus

fluid head pressure exerted by the fluid above the downhole pump

formessential shape of a product including all its component parts

friction torque total resistance to rotation of the drive string (inside the tubing) and the rotor (inside the stator) that is dependent on factors including (but not exclusive to) well depth and trajectory, pump geometry and interference fit between rotor and stator, and stuffing box characteristics

full life cycle expected period of time in which the product shall function according to the manufacturer’s specifications

functionoperation of a product during service

functional specificationfeatures, characteristics, process conditions, boundaries and exclusions defining the performance and use re-quirements of the equipment

functional testtest performed to confirm proper operation of equipment

gauge ODmaximum specified product OD

gear-reduction drivetype of surface drive system with an internal gear reduction

gradecategory or rank given to different requirements for quality or design validation

heat dissipation rate rate at which energy is dissipated from the surface drive system to its surroundings in the form of heat

heat treatmentheat treatingalternate steps of controlled heating and cooling of materials for the purpose of changing metallurgical or mechan-ical properties

heat traceabletraceable back to a unique heat treatment (heat) of material

hydraulic drive type of surface drive system powered by a hydraulic prime mover

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hydraulic torque torque induced by the differential pressure across the PCP acting on its effective cross-sectional area

inflatable packing elementpacker or bridge plug packing element energized to form a seal by applying fluid pressure directly to the element

interchangeableconforming in every detail, within specified tolerances, to both fit and function of a safe design but not necessarily to the form

internally wetted componentflow-wetted component and any component out of the flow stream, but contacted by well fluids through a port or other passage to the flow-wetted area

job lotbatch of material or components that have undergone the same process or series of processes

job lot traceablethe ability for parts to be identified as originating from a job lot which identifies the included heat(s)

landing nippleany receptacle containing a profile designed for the installation of a lock mandrel

linerpipe not extending from the surface and intended to line the walls of a drilled well

lock mandrelretention device used for flow control or other equipment

main shaftcentral shaft of the surface drive that is connected to the drive string

mandrelcomponent, or components, of a packer that contains the end connections and provides a conduit through thepacker

manufacturerprincipal agent in the design, fabrication and furnishing of equipment, who chooses to comply with this Interna-tional Standard

manufacturingprocess and action performed by an equipment supplier/manufacturer that are necessary to provide finished com-ponent(s), assembly(ies) and related documentation, that fulfil the requests of the user/purchaser and meet the standards of the supplier/manufacturer

NOTE Manufacturing begins when the supplier/manufacturer receives the order and is completed at the mo-ment the component(s), assembly(ies) and related documentation are surrendered to a transportation provider.

maximum backspin speed maximum speed allowed at the main shaft that will not compromise the integrity of the surface drive system or auxiliary equipment

maximum dynamic fluid level maximum operating fluid level that ensures that, after a shutdown, the rotating speed will not exceed the maxi-mum backspin speed for the surface drive system

maximum operating torque maximum allowable operating torque applied at the main shaft as specified by the supplier/manufacturer

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modelXXX equipment with unique components and operating characteristics which differentiate it from other XXX equip -ment of the same typeNOTE It may have any of a variety of end connections.

NACE serviceEquipment whose components are manufactured from materials that comply withNACE MR0175

non-conformitynon-conformancenon-fulfilment of a specified requirement

operatoruser of the equipment

operating manualpublication issued by the manufacturer which contains detailed data and instructions related to the design, instal-lation, operation and maintenance of equipment

operating environmentset of conditions to which the product is exposed during its full life cycle

operating temperature rangerange defined by the minimum and maximum operating temperatures for the manufactured equipment as speci-fied by the supplier/manufacturer

qualified parta part manufactured under an authorized quality assurance programme and in the case of replacement, produced to meet or exceed the performance of the original part

qualified personan individual with characteristics or abilities gained through training or experience or both as measured against established requirements, such as standards or tests that enable the individual to perform a required function.

packermechanical device, not installed in a designed receptacle, used for blocking fluid (liquid or gas) communicationthrough the annular space between conduits by sealing off the space between them

packing elementseal on a packer or bridge plug that blocks fluid communication by sealing on the ID of the conduitcf. bridge plug (3.2), packer (3.26)

permanent packer [bridge plug]packer [bridge plug] that has no design feature for intact removal from the conduit, necessitating substantial de-struction for its removal

polished rod stick-uplength of polished rod extending above the top of the polished rod clamp

power train components of the surface drive system and auxiliary equipment which transmit power from the prime mover into the drive string

pressure reversalchanging the pressure differential from above to below the product or vice versa

prime mover

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motor (typically hydraulic, electric or internal combustion) providing the torque to the power train

production/injection conduitall tubular and equipment which provide the flow path between the reservoir and the christmas tree, including the riser for sub-sea applications

production system assembly of equipment that includes the downhole pump, drive string, production tubing, well casing, surface drive system, and auxiliary equipment

profilefeature that is designed for the reception of the lock mandrel's locking mechanism

progressing cavity pump (PCP)pump consisting of a stator and rotor whose geometry of assembly is such that it creates two or more series of lenticular, spiral, separated cavities

proof testtesting specified by the manufacturer which is performed to verify that the manufactured equipment meets those requirements of the technical specification which are relevant to the validation testing performance

redressany activity restricted to the replacement of qualified parts

repairany activity beyond the scope of redress that includes disassembly, re-assembly, and testing with or without the replacement of qualified parts and may include machining, welding, heat treating or other manufacturing opera-tions that restores the equipment to its original performance

repositionable packer [bridge plug]packer [bridge plug] that meets the definition of retrievable packer [bridge plug] (3.31) and has a design feature facilitating relocation inside the conduit (without removal) while re-establishing its intended function

retrievable packer [bridge plug]packer [bridge plug] that has a design feature facilitating removal from the conduit substantially intact

safety Valve locka device attached to or a part of the SSSV that holds the SSSV in place

safety Valve Lock Nipplea receptacle with internal sealing surfaces in which an SSSV may be installedNOTE It may include recesses for locking devices to hold the SSSV in place and may be ported for communica-tion to anoutside source for SSSV operation.

sealdevice providing a barrier to the passage of liquid and/or gas

sealing devicedevice preventing passage (i.e. communication) of liquid and/or gas across the interface in which it is placed

shear devicecomponent designed to disconnect under a predetermined load

sizerelevant dimensional characteristics of the equipment as defined by the manufacturer

special feature

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a specific component or sub-assembly that provides a functional capability that is not validated during the valida-tion test conducted in accordance with Annex B

subsurface safety valvedownhole emergency device whose design function is to prevent uncontrolled well flow when closedNOTE These devices may be installed and retrieved by wireline or pump-down (TFL) methods (wireline/TFL retrievable) or be an integral part of the tubing string (tubing retrievable).

subsurface safety valve equipmentsubsurface safety valve and all components that establish tolerances and/or clearances which may affect perfor-mance or interchangeability of the SSSV equipment

stress corrosion crackingcracking of a metal produced by the combined action of tensile stress (residual or applied) and anodic processes of corrosion in the presence of chlorides and water affected by H2S, oxidants, and elevated temperature

stress reliefcontrolled heating of material to a predetermined temperature for the purpose of reducing any residual stresses

substantive design changechange to the design, identified by the supplier/manufacturer, that affects the performance of the product in the in-tended service condition

sulfide stress crackingcracking of a metal under the combined action of tensile stress and cathodic processes of corrosion in the pres-ence of water and H2S (a form of hydrogen stress cracking).

surface drive systemassembly of equipment that, when installed, transmits torque from a prime mover into a progressing cavity pump drive string, supports the loads transmitted by the drive string and controls backspin of the drive string

technical specificationrequirements to be fulfilled by the equipment to comply with the functional specification

temperature cycle rangespecified range of temperature fluctuation at which the product is designed to operateNOTE The temperature cycle range is applicable anywhere within the product’s temperature range.

test agencyany organization which provides a test facility and administers a test programme that meets the verification test requirements of this International Standard

test pressurepressure at which the equipment is tested based upon all relevant design criteria

test sectionthe test apparatus which contains the manufactured equipment and provides for connection to a test facility’s vali-dation test apparatus

test temperaturetemperature at which the equipment is tested based upon all relevant design criteria

temperature rangespecified range of temperature at which the product is designed to operate

thrust bearing device within a surface drive system that supports the axial load transmitted by the drive string while allowing it to rotate

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thrust bearing ratingbearing manufacturer’s published statistical ratings that serve as guidelines in the prediction of bearing life ex-pectancies under given conditions

torque limiting device device that prevents the surface drive system from applying a torque to the drive string greater than a prescribed value

torsional energy energy stored in the drive string due to torque-induced elastic deformation

tubingpipe placed within a well to serve as a production or injection conduit

typeXXX equipment with unique characteristics which differentiate it from other functionally similar XXX equipment

weight loss corrosionloss of metal in areas exposed to fluids which contain water or brine and carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2) or other corrosive agents

well test ratethe stabilized rate at which the well is currently being produced on a routine basis

wellheadthe wellhead is a composite of equipment used at the surface to maintain control of the well. Included in the well-head equipment are casing heads – lowermost and intermediate—tubing heads, Christmas tree equipment with valves and fittings, casing & tubing hangers and associated equipment.

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