Islam Rise of the Crescent. The Arabs before Islam Nomadic peoples from Arabian Peninsula.
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Transcript of Islam Rise of the Crescent. The Arabs before Islam Nomadic peoples from Arabian Peninsula.
Arab SocietyArab Society• Divided and ruled
by Tribes
–The Sheik
• Towns develop on caravan routes
–Beduins
–Camels domesticated 1000 BC
Arab PolytheismArab Polytheism• Found gods in
nature and extraordinary natural events
• Supreme god is Allah
• The Ka’aba
Mohammed’s ConversionMohammed’s Conversion• Visions from Gabriel
• Wrote down the Quran (Koran)
• Completed God’s revelations
–Jews – part I
–Christians – part II
–Islam – part III
What Gabriel SaidWhat Gabriel Said• The Five Pillars of Islam
1. Shahada- Pledge to Allah
2. Salat- Pray 5 times / day
3. Zakat- Give alms to poor
4. Sawm- Fast in Ramadan
5. Hajj- Pilgrimage to Mecca
The Pledge, “The Pledge, “ShahadaShahada””
•“La Illaha illah Allah Mohammad Rasul Allah”
• There is no god but Allah and Mohammad is his Messenger
The New The New Holy PeopleHoly People
• Muslims - the 12 tribes of the desert
–Ancestry of Arabs through Abraham’s son Ishmael and his mistress Hagar
Jews are sons of Abraham and his wife Sarah (with back turned here) through Isaac (Tribes of Israel)
Changing Arab animists to IslamChanging Arab animists to Islam• Allah is not king of
gods, the ONLY god
• The Kaaba was a gift from Allah
• Mohammed not divine (unlike Jesus)
• Politics and Religion are the same Muslims at the Kaaba
Reaction to IslamReaction to Islam• Polytheists despise
him–Disrupts economy,
society, tradition and politics
• Chase him from Mecca -the Hijrah–622 AD = year 1 Story of Mohammed
and the Spider on the Hijrah
Mohammed strikes backMohammed strikes back• Medinah gives
him shelter
• Builds followers and an army
• Conquers the Middle East in name of Allah