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Transcript of IS700 Michel Mamdouh Cloud
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Prepared byMichel Mamdouh
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Cloud Computing overview
Enablers Cloud Offerings
References
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Virtualization andCloud Computing
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Two Technologies for Agility
Virtualization:
The ability to run multiple operating systemson a single physical system and share the
underlying hardware resources
Cloud Computing:
The provisioning of services in a timely (near
on instant), on-demand manner, to allow thescaling up and down of resources
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The Traditional Server Concept
Web Server
Windows
IIS
App Server
Linux
Glassfish
DB Server
Linux
MySQL
EMail
Windows
Exchange
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And if something goes wrong ...
Web Server
Windows
IIS
App Server
DOWN!
DB Server
Linux
MySQL
EMail
Windows
Exchange
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Underlying Enablers of cloudcomputing
Virtualization Cloud Resources are typically virtual Each machine can be dynamically allocated (since it
is virtual)
New APIs Provide dynamic resource allocation Abstract Resources
i.e.: Database Server abstracted allows
scaling of the database layer without codechanges Claims Based Authentication Model
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Other Supporting Technologies
Blade Servers
Allows for high-density of servers
SAN Provides high-speed fault-tolerant storage
solutions
Multi-core Processors
Intel just announced a 48 core processorIntended specifically for cloud environments
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Cloud Security
Claims Based Authentication A trusted authority (Issuer) issues a signed security
token containing a set of claims (credentials) which is
given to the application for validation The application will authenticate the user if the
security token is valid and signed by a trusted issuer
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Cloud Computing Offerings
Types of Cloud offerings:
Bare Operating System
Applications
Web Services
Database Services
Customizable Application Services
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Cloud Offering Examples
Bare Operating System RackspaceCloud
http://www.rackspacecloud.com/
Formerly Mosso, a division of Rackspace
Provide various Linux Distributions
Also support Sites
Web Server, both Linux and Windows
O/S Managed by hosting service
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Cloud Offering Examples
Applications Google Apps
http://www.google.com/a
Pre-built, fully functional applications
Mail
Calendar
Word Processing
Dynamic Web Pages etc.
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Cloud Offering Examples
Web Services Amazon http://aws.amazon.com/
Amazon EC2 & S3 EC2 Elastic Compute Cloud
S3 Simple Storage Service
Resizable Compute Capability Auto Scaling allocate resources based on definable
conditions
Development Environments: IBM sMash
Jboss Enterprise Application Platform
Ruby on Rails
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Case Study: Amazon Cloud
Amazon cloud components Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
Simple Storage Service (S3)
SimpleDB
New Features
Availability zones
Place applications in multiple locations for failovers
Elastic IP addresses
Static IP addresses that can be dynamically remapped topoint to different instances (not a DNS change)
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Amazon Cloud Users:New York Times and Nasdaq
Both companies used Amazons cloud offering New York Times
Didnt coordinate with Amazon, used a credit card!
Used EC2 and S3 to convert 15 million scanned news articles to PDF(4TB data)
Took 100 Linux computers 24 hours (would have taken months on NYTcomputers
It was cheap experimentation, and the learning curve isn't steep. Derrick Gottfrid, Nasdaq
Nasdaq Uses S3 to deliver historic stock and fund information
Millions of files showing price changes of entities over 10 minutesegments
The expenses of keeping all that data online [in Nasdaq servers] wastoo high. Claude Courbois, Nasdaq VP
Created lightweight Adobe AIR application to let users view data
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Cloud Offering Examples
Database - Zohos CloudSQL
http://www.zoho.com
Cloud based relational database
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Any Nasty Details?(loads of them!)
How do I pick a provider?
Am I locked in to a provider?
Where do I put my data?
What happens to my data when I shut down?
How do I log in to my server?
How do I keep others from logging in (security)?
How do I get an IP address?
Etc.
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So what about
Cloud Computing?
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Suppose you are Forbes.com
You offer on-linereal time stockmarket data
Why pay for capacityweekends,overnight?
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9 AM - 5 PM,M-F
ALL OTHERTIMES
Rate of
ServerAccesses
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Forbes' Solution
Host the web site in Amazon's EC2 ElasticCompute Cloud
Provision new servers every day, anddeprovision them every night
Pay just $0.10* per server per hour
* more for higher capacity servers
Let Amazon worry about the hardware!
Cl d i k
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Cloud computing takesvirtualization to the next step
You dont have to own the hardware
You rent it as needed from a cloud
There are public clouds e.g. Amazon EC2, and now many others
(Microsoft, IBM, Sun, and others ...)
A company can create a private one With more control over security, etc.
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Goal 1 Cost Control
Cost
Many systems have variable demands
Batch processing (e.g. New York Times) Web sites with peaks (e.g. Forbes)
Startups with unknown demand (e.g. theCash for Clunkersprogram)
Reduce risk
Don't need to buy hardware until you need it
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Goal 2 - Business Agility
More than scalability - elasticity!
Ely Lilly in rapidly changing health carebusiness Used to take 3 - 4 months to give a department a
server cluster, then they would hoard it!
Using EC2, about 5 minutes!
And they give it back when they are done!
Scaling back is as important as scalingup
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Goal 3 - Stick to Our Business
Most companies don't WANT to do systemadministration
Forbes says:
We are is a publishing company, not a software
company
But beware:
Do you really save much on sys admin? You don't have the hardware, but you still
need to manage the OS!
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Conclusions
Cloud Computing holds some strongpromises Highly Scalable
Highly Available Dynamically allocate resources
Pay only for resources that you use
Cloud Computing is not yet wellunderstood
Cloud Computing is still in its infancy
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Where do we go from here?
Any ideas to keep us out of the rain?
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References(links are current as of September, 2009)
VMware Inc., Virtualization Overview,http://www.vmware.com/pdf/virtualization.pdf
Todd Hoff, Amazon Architecture,http://highscalability.com/amazon-architecture, Sept. 18, 2007
Intel Corp., Technology brief: Understanding IntelVirtualization Technology,http://download.intel.com/technology/virtualization/320426.pdf
aw2.0 Ltd, Cloud BootCamp March 2009,http://www.aw20.co.uk/help/cloudbootcamp_march2009.cfm
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http://www.vmware.com/pdf/virtualization.pdfhttp://highscalability.com/amazon-architecturehttp://download.intel.com/technology/virtualization/320426.pdfhttp://www.aw20.co.uk/help/cloudbootcamp_march2009.cfmhttp://www.aw20.co.uk/help/cloudbootcamp_march2009.cfmhttp://download.intel.com/technology/virtualization/320426.pdfhttp://highscalability.com/amazon-architecturehttp://highscalability.com/amazon-architecturehttp://highscalability.com/amazon-architecturehttp://www.vmware.com/pdf/virtualization.pdf