Is there anybody out there ? Searching the social space for signs of intelligence
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Transcript of Is there anybody out there ? Searching the social space for signs of intelligence
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Is there anybody out there?Searching the social space for signs of
intelligence
Mike TaylorResearch Specialist
http://orcid.org/[email protected]
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For much of the the last century, our only measurement of the impact of scholarly research has been through the counting and analysis of citation: one authoring researcher acknowledging the contribution of another authoring researcher. Significant, certainly, given these caveats, but in a wider social context citation analysis begins to look like an edge case. Can the measurement of sharing on social networks provide a wider view of how research is consumed in society, or is it all chatter and noise – and how do we detect the conversations of true significance?
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The world according to citation
• “I am writing an article and wish to cite another article”
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The world according to alternative metrics
• “I’m writing an article and might cite this”• “You should read this article if you’re
interested in #thistopic”• “My PI wrote this paper”• “My daughter wrote this and I’m so proud”• “This article has a titivating title. Anyway, it
made me laugh”• “These scientists are going to cure cancer”
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The phenomenally rich world of alternative metrics
• Social activity indicators: Twitter, Facebook, Delicious, Pintrest, Google+
• Scholarly activity indicators: Mendeley, Citeulike, Zotero
• Scholarly articles: blogs, reviews• Mass media: news papers, TV• Re-usage indicators: data, code, graphics
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An example from 2013
• Huge potential for social impact• Press campaign: front page story
on much of the UK press• Great publisher support from
Nature• 1000s of tweets• But what’s missing?
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The phenomenally poor world of alternative metrics
Current alternative metrics don’t count or model:• Poorly referenced mass media• Stories about stories• The flow of the story• Social media about stories, replies, re-tweets• Influence on professional bodies• Representation to Government, Government
policy
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Not only are alternative metrics bigger than citations, they’re also different
• Public vs private• Anonymous vs attributable• Persistent vs fleeting• Positive vs negative (counts and sentiment)• Real time vs slower• But article driven, formal links
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The different characteristics of alternative metrics
• Citation: one class of activity, with many sub-classes
• Alternative metrics: several types of activity, with many classes and countless sub-classes (all vying with each other)
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The power of intelligent conversation
• Elevator pitch > monograph• A word in the ear of a President
versus
• Engaging with millions• Patient-power• Lobbying interests
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The chatter of (how shall we say this?) less than intelligent
conversation
• Not all communication is equal• Not all communication is between equals• Noise is not meritocratic• But is Twitter just meaningless noise?
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The myth of social networks
• Often assumed to be trivial, with a focus on titillating articles
• An analysis of 13.5k papers revealed striking differences:
• Top 0.5% of social activity – strong emphasis on policy, funding, areas where science and government overlap (stem cells, CERN, etc)
• Top 0.5% of scholarly activity – primary research
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The academic networks are building
• Orcid / ODIN / THOR• Data DOIs• RDA data citation• Data metrics• Usage APIs / data• Open data, open articles
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Mapping academic influence is becoming easier
• Heading towards a paradigm shift in mapping academic influence
• Academics probably won’t create negative links
• This is a matter-of-fact network, flat, a statement of “what is”
• Insufficient to understand social impact
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Science in society
• Open science, citizen science, open access, open data, cloud infrastructure, open source code, virtualization
• Social networks, easy access to scholars• Too hard => too easy? • Explosion in communication and access
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A partial view
• Moving towards a more complete scholarly network
• Data exists to get an idea of how research is being consumed in society
• Too much missing to extrapolate• Almost entirely devoid of political context
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Correlations
• Not an even picture, there are threads of correlations – blogs – tweets – mass media
• We can’t make simple conclusions• We don’t have enough data to make complex
conclusions
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Bigger data
• Deeper: Talking about people, departments, companies, movements
• More sensitive: Going from “being spoken about” to “what is being said”
• Wider: “who is speaking”, “to whom are they speaking”
• Further: “他們在中國說了什麼?”
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The role of sociologists and economists
• Social potential, professional and academic perspectives
• Is $$$ a good reflection of impact?• People like to think of the “return on
investment” model, but it’s not that easy, and the conclusions may be uncomfortable seen in isolation
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Is a social impact index computable?
• Social impact index = f(social capacity), f(social accessibility), f(social reach)
• If has no capacity for effecting social change, if is incomprehensible, if no-one is aware of it…
• We need the data and the maths to identify the intelligent versus the influential