Is 3063-Spring Washers

8/22/2019 Is 3063-Spring Washers

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IS 3063 : 1994

I ndian St andardFASTENERS-SINGLECOTLRECTANGULAR

SECTIONSPRINGLOCKWASHERS-SPECIFICATION( econd Rev i si on )

Second Reprint OCTOBER 1997

UDC 621.882.449

Q BIS lY94BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

( Reaffirmed 2004 )


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Nuts and Fasteners Accessories Sectional Committee, LM 14

Indian Standard ( Second Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after thethe Bolts, Nuts and Fasteners Accessories Sectional Committee had been approved byLight Mechanical Engineering Division Council.rectangular section spring lock washers are suitable for use with bolt/nut assemblies of propertyor less. For higher property classes other sections such as waveform, conical, etc, are generallyspring lock washers serve to counteract the loss in inherent tension caused by setting or creepa bolt/nut assembly provided that they are sufficiently resilient to increase. the overall resilience ofassembly and that their inherent springiness can compensate for any loss in tension so that theforce required to ensure the reliability of the assembly is maintained.

be a relative movement between bolt and nut if the friction between the clampedis overcome by transverse forces. If this does occur, loosening of the assembly cannot beby spring lock washers.these components, it should be checked whether the spring lock washers may useful)yapplied as the elements maintaining the clamping force.

standard was originally published in 1965 and revised in 1972. In the present revision followingchanges have been made:a) The title and scope have been modified.b) Permanent set test has been modified and aligned with DIN 127 : 1987.c) Permanent load test has been incorporated in line with DIN 127 : 1987.d) Free height of spring lock washers has been incorporated in the table of dimensions.e) Non-preferred sizes have been covered under separate table.f) Spring force test has been incorporated in Annex A for information.

preparation *of this standard assistance has been derived from:DIN 127-1987


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IS 3063: 994

Indian StandardFASTENERS-SINGLECQILRECTANGULAR

SECTIQNSPRINGLOCKWASWERS-SPECIFICTAION/ econd Revision )

SCQPEstandard covers requirements for singlerectangular section spring lock washers

for use with bolt/nut assemblies involv-fasteners of property class 5.8 or less in the2 to 100 mm.

following Indian Standards are necessaryto this standard:1s No. T i t l e

Method for vickers hardness( Part 1 ) : I984 test for metallic materials:Part 1 HV 5 to HV 100( second revision )Steel for spring washers(first revi sion )Methods for sampling non-threaded fasteners

spring lock washers shall be of followingType A - Spring lock washers with bent( deflected or tang ) ends.Type B - Spring lock washers with flat

( square ) ends.

nsions of the spring lock washers shallgiven in Tables 1A and IB.

spring lock washers shall be made fromsteel according to IS 4072 : 1975 tothe requirements specified.HEAT TREATMENT

spring lock washers after coiling shall be

7 FINISHSpring lock washers shall be supplied in naturalfinish unless otherwise specified by the pur-chaser. At the request of the purchaser washersmay be phosphate coated, nickel plated, tinned,electrogalvanized, copper plated or cadmiumplated. The functional properties of the springlock washers shall not be impaired as a resultof the protective coatings. These coatedwashers shall be subjected to appropriatetreatment as given in the relevant electroplatingstandard to avoid hydrogen embrittlement.

NOTE - The use of hot dip galvanized spring lockwashers is not recommended as it entails the loss ofphysical propeities during the process of galvaniz-ing.

8 DESIGN AT IONThe spring lock washers shall be designated bythe nomenclature, type, nominal size, the num-ber of this standard and the surface protection,if any.

Example:A spring lock washer of nominal size10 mm, Type A and with phosphatecoating shall be designated as follows:Spring Lock Washer A10 - IS 3063Phosphate coated

8.1 n case the spring washer is intended foruse with LH thread, the designation shall bemodified as follows:Spring Lock Washer LH-A 10 IS 3063Phosphate coated

9 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS9.1 The flat faces of washers and the inner andouter peripheries shall be smooth and free fromknurling, serrations, die-marks, deep scratchesetc, although slight feed roll marks shall bipermissible.9.2 Washers shall also be free from burrs, rust,


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IS 3063 : 19949.3 The clearances and angles of the cut endsshall be in such degree so that the washers donot cause lapping when they are completelycompressed and shall not be liable to tangle orlink together when in the free condition.10 SAMPLING AND ACCEPTANCEThe sampling and acceptance criteria shall bein accordance with IS 6821 : 1973.11 TESTS11.1 ardness TestThe hardness shall be tested in accordance withIS 1501 ( Part 1 ) : 1984. For checking hardness,the washers shall be lightly ground to assurethe removal of a decarburized or platedsurface. The values shall be measured, wherepossible, in the middle of the washer surface atthe point of contact with the supportingsurface.11.2 Permanent Set TestThe spring lock washer shall be compressedbetween hardened, flat ground washers ( with ahardness of not less than 60 HRC ) for twominutes using the compression loads specifiedin Tables 2A and 2B.The free height of the washers after release ofload shall not be less than the values specifiedin Tables 2A and 2B.11.3 Permanent Load TestTen spring lock washers, threaded on a bolt andseparated from one another by parallel-facedwashers ( hardened to minimum 500 HV ) shallnot crack or fracture after 48 hours condition-ing at ambient temperature under the ccmpre-ssion loads specified in Tables 2A and 2B.

11.4 Twist TestA portion of the washer shall be gripped in vicejaws and then equal portion shall be gripped inwrench jaws as shown in Fig. 1. Edges of thewrench jaws shall be sharp and parallel to thevice jaws. The wrench shall then be rotated ina direction that increases the free height of thespring lock washer till the washer is, twistedthrough an angle of 90. The washer shall showno sign of fracture.12 PACKINGUnless otherwise specified, spring lock washersshall be packed in cartons of 100, 500 or 1 000.Each carton shall contain spring lock washersof one size only.13 MARKING13.1 Each carton containing the spring lockwashers shall be marked with the following:

a) Indication of source of manufacture,b) Nominal size,c) Type, andd) Quantity.

13.2 BIS Certification MarkingThe product may also be marked with StandardMark.13.2;1 The use of the Standard Mark is governedby the provisions of Bureau of Indian StandardsAct, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations madethereunder. The details of conditions underwhich the licence for the use of Standard Markmay be granted to manufacturers or producersmay be obtained from the Bureau of IndianStandards.

I -bWasher in TwistedCondition

--WRENCH JAW

. VICE JAW

FIG. 1 TWIST TEST


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Is3063:n94Table 1A Dimensions for Spring Washers

( Cfause 4 )

4rd_-*_.-.-.yBasic

2) 2.3263141516181

102122162202245305365425495357616569738191

101

To1+Basic To1+ Basic To1+

03 44 09 01 05 01 0103 48 1 Ul 06 01 0103 51 1 01 06 01 0103 62 13 01 08 01 0203 76 15 01 09 01 0203 92 18 01 12 01 0204 118 25 015 16 01 030.4 148 3 015 2 01 0505 181 35 02 22 015 0505 211 4 02 25 015 1008 274 5 02 35 02 101 336 6 02 4 02 101 40 7 025 5 02 16I 2 482 8 025 6 02 1612 582 10 025 6 02 1612 682 12 025 7 025 215 75 12 025 7 025 215 83 14 025 8 025 215 87 14 025 8 025 215 91 14 025 8 025 215 95 14 O-25 8 025 2I 5 99 14 025 8 025 215 103 14 025 8 025 215 111 14 025 8 025 215 121 14 025 8 025 215 131 14 025 8 025 2

All dimensions in mill imetres.

CHAIN LINE SHOWNFOR FLAT END SRINGLOCK WASHERA (2.5 : 1)

4Max

TYPE A TYPE B (RIGHT HMO)

TYPE A TYPE Bb s,----7 c_--*_-y

(LEFT HudO)k*

---

0150150150203030404040508080808111111111

WeightY,PgX.

kR/dm)kg/l OOGPCS003300500053011018036083160253382891

152262443673

111123182193203218228240262290318

2.222534568

1012162024303642485256606468728090

100

h~---_-_-_--A-__

Type A TypeB ---Min Max.- -- --192127364.65587888

11136136156156181818181818181818

2125324254596892

10413161161184184212212212212212212212212212

Test values for the spring force test as described in Annex A have not as yet been specified for these nominal sizes.Test values for the permanent set test have not as yet been specified for these nominal sizes.

TE - Dimensions specified apply before coating.k shall be made on the last tenth of the washer circumference without any sharp angle.

Min Max1 1212 1412 14l-6 1318 2124 2832 384 4744 525 597 838 9410 11812 14212 142

14 16514 16516 18916 18916. 18916 18916 18916 18916 18916 18916 189

3


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3063 : 1994Table 18 Dimensions for Spring Washers of Non-preferred Sizes

( Clause 4 ). All dimensions in millimetres.

36 03 6'7 1'3 01 0'8 0'1 0'271 04 12'8 2'5 015 1'6 0'1 0'3

142 05 24'1 4'5 0'2 3 0'15 1'0182 08 29'4 5 0'2 3'5 0'2 1'0225 1 35'9 6 0'2 4 0'2 1'0275 1 43 7 0'25 5 0'2 1'6335 12 55'2 10 0'25 6 0.2 1'6395 12 61'2 10 0'25 6 012 1'6455 -12 71'2 12 0'25 7 0'25 2

d--A--,Basic To1+

CHAIN uuE SHOWNFOR FLAT END SPRINGLOCK WASHERA (2.5 : 1) I Lh

TYPE A TYPE B (RIGHT AND)

TYPE A TYPE 6 (LEFT AND)4Max b sc----T f----yBasic To1 Basic To1_+ _+

Nim k* WeightApprox( 7%wad Ikg/l 000

PCS015 01202 09304 60104 97304 16505 28708 63008 71708 117

ForBolt,E?woSize

hr__-__--L---_y

Type A Type Br----.~ c_-*-_-M i n Ma x M i n M aA

3'5 19 22 16 197 36 42 32 3814 68 8 6 7118 78 92 7 8322 88 104 8 9427 11 13 10 11833 136 161 12 14239 136 161 12 14245 156 184 14 165

t values for the spring force test as described in Annex A have not yet been specified for these nominal sizes.permanent set test have not as yet been specified for these nominal sizes.Dimensions specified apply before coating.

bend k shall be made on the last tenth of the washer circumference without any sharp angle.

4


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IS 3063:1994Table 2A Compression Load and Free Table 2B Compression Load and FreeHeight of Washers After Compression Height of Washers of Non-Preferred

( Clauses 11.2 and 11.3 ) Sizes After CompressionNominal Size Compression Minimum Free ( Clauses 11.2 and 11.3 )Load Height

mm N mm Nominal Size Compression Minimum Free2 700 08 Load Height25 1 160 I mm N mm3 1 760 134 3 050 14 7 9 000 265 5 050 196 7 050 26 14 41 300 488 12 900 3210 20 600 35 18 69 000 56

12 30 000 416 56 300 56 22 110000 6420 88 000 6424 127 000 8

27 167 000 830 204 000 9636 298 000 96 33 255 000 96

ANNEX A( Forew ord and T&&s 1A and 1.B )

SPRING FORCE TESTA-I SPRING FORCE TESTA spring force test may be carried out in orderto assess the springiness of spring washers, thistest permitting the residual spring force to be

Place the washer to be tested in a test deviceapply the compression load specified inTables 4A and 4B the test device being designedto permit as uniform an application of the loadas possible. The pressure platen shall have a sur-ace hardness of at least 60 HRC. After twominutes, the load applied to the spring washershall be slowly and steadily released through atravel of 20 pm, which shall be measured usinga precision measuring device ( see A-2 ).he residual spring force shall reach the valuesspecified in Tables 4A and 4B due allowattceeing made for any deformation of the testevice.

Explanatory Notes describe a suitable testevice and include examples of springcharacteristics.residual spring force values represent pro-isional specifications, with which experiencehas to be gained. Table 3 summartzes the residualspring forces required.

Table 3 Residual Spring Force( Clause A-l )

Type of Compression Load Residual Spring ForceWasher Correspondingto the Proof After Release ThrougbLoad for Travel of 20 pm asP;r$e;ty a Percentage ofthe Cumpre-ssion LoadSpring 68 1)lock 20% for nominal sizes4to 5washeras specified in 30% for nominal sizesIS 3063 6to1240;! t~;gnominal sizes

50% for nominal sizesabove 20l) Spring lock washers which are only intended forbolt/nut assemblies involving fasteners of a pro-perty class less than 68 are also to be tested atcompression loads correspondingclass 68 proof loads. to property

A-2 EXPLANATORY NOTES TO SPRINGFORCE TESTThe residual spring forces specified are basedon tests and the relevant technical literaturebut are not as yet sufficiently substantiated fo;them to be made mandatory for acceptanceinspection at present. Before mandatory data


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be specrfied, further experience and testto obtain a statisticallysame compression loads used for the perma-set and permanent load tests apply as fororce test.

determining the spring characteristic oflock washers as part of the spring forceeffect of the elastic deformation of thedevice is to be allowed for by deductingspring travel originating in the test devicethe overall travel ( i.e. that of springand test device ). The relief characteris-for the test device is to be determined asplain washer instead of a spring washerthe test device ( see Fig. 2 for example ), thebeing lapped on both sides,andtolerance on parallelism not exceeding pm and a hardness of not less than 700 HV.washer dimensions ( inside diameter, out-diameter and thickness ) shall be identicalthose of the spring washer to be tested. Plotrelief characteristic of the test device start-at the compressions loads specified in4A and 4B. It is essential that parallelwashers having the same dimensions ashe spring lock washers to be tested be usedrecording the relief characteristic of theest device, as different-sized washers will give

Fig. 3, the continuous line represents theotal relief characteristic of spring lock washertest device for a IS 3063 - Al2 - Steelpring lock washer measured under a com-load of 30 kN, and the dashed line, thecharacteristic of device only. A segmentthe relief characteristic of the spring lockr obtained by subtraction of the twois plotted as a chain line.avoid any reversibility error of the forcedevice and the travel gauge, thecompression load specified in2A and 2B may be exceeded by 5% whenload. The starting point for mea-the 20 tim travel shall however, be theload specified ( see Fig. 4 ).

the 20 pm travel is in most casesthan the probable amount of setting of aassembly due to surface roughness andthis travel can be reproduced in thewith relatively greater accuracy than arim or 10 pm travel.the residual spring forces given in Tablesand 4B represent lower limit values for theg forces of bolt/nut assemblies exhibit-exceptionally high degree of setting atlines. The free height of spring lockrs after removal of the proof load, which

Table 4A Compression Loads and MinimumResidual Spring Force( Clauses A-l and A-2 )

Nominal Size Compression Load 1 MinimumResil;;ieSpringmm N N4 3 050 6005 5 050 1 0006 7 050 2 1008 12 900 3 900

10 20 600 6 20012 30 000 900016 56 300 22 50020 88 000 35 20024 127 000 63 00030 204 000 102 00036 298 000 149 000I) Corresponding to property class 68.

Table 4B Compression Loads and MinimumResidual Spring Force of Washers ofNon-Preferred Sizes( Clauses A-l and A-2 )

Nominal Size Compression Load MinimumResidual SpringForcemm N N14 41 300 1650018 69 000 27 60022 110 000 55 00027 167 000 83 00033 255 000 127 OCO

was previously the sole spring characteristicspecified, gives only little indication of theability of a spring lock washer to counteractthe loosening of a bolt/nut assembly, as thegreatest relief travels are in the very flat seg-ment of the characteristic where the forces arevery small. The curve plotted in Fig. 3, whichcovers a relief travel of 0.2 mm does not reachzero force until after a total relief travel ofapproximately 3.5 mm.This shows that, though basically simple, thetest device must satisfy a number of require-ments if valid, reproducible and repeatableresults are to be obtained. Figure 2 illustrates atest device suitable for both electrical andmechanical measurements of travel. Forcomponent(s) of the test device the followingspecifications apply:

1) Low resilience and, if possible, only( elastic ) compressive deformation with-out flexural deformation of the completetest device. in particular in the zonewhere the force is transmitted from thepressure platen to the bearing plate andthe upper part of the pedestal.


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BEARJNGINEDNESS NOT LESS

PRESSURE PLATEN

kN

IS 3063: 1994

CENTRING 0

31 GAUGE

FIG. 2 EXAMPLEOP TEST DEVJCB

SLEEVE

EF CHARACTERISTIC OF TEST DEVICE

L RELIEF CURVE

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 +m 200TRAVEL -

FIG. 3 DETERMINATIONOF SPRING CHARACTEHSTIC RELIEF CHARACTERISTICFOR A SPRING LOCK WASHER Al2 - IS 3063 STBBL

( USING A COMPRESSION OAD OF 30 kN )


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2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

Centric bore in the pedestal permittingthe passage of the measuring pin of thetravel gauge and that of the sleevespecified under item 3.Fastening of travel gauge using a sleeveexactly at the same height as the upperface of the bearing plate so as to ensurethat the error resulting from the inherentformation of the gauge is as small aspossible.Bearing plate and sleeve removable, sothat bearing plates for different washerdiameters can be used.All surfaces via which the force is appliedand the deformations of which are includ-ed in the travel measurements shall havea roughness, Ra, not exceeding 0.4( corresponding to R, ot exceeding 1.6 ).The bearing plate and the pressure platen

7)

8)

9)

shall have a hardness of not less than60 HRC.The pressure platen shall be guided so asto be parallel to the bearing plate, auseful feature being a play of sometenths of a millimetre in the plane of thebearing plate to compensate for smallelastic forces ( this is generally providedfor in universal testing machines ).The compression Ioad shall be adjustableto within 2% and it shall be possible toread the residual spring force to within2%.The dial indicator, the inductive travelgauge or any other trave1 gauge used mayonly have a relative repeatability errorand reversibility error not exceeding 1 Pmfor any partial measuring range of 40 pm,the direction of movement of themeasuring pin being away from the gauge.

coMPREssloN LOADCONICALPRING WA

COYPRESSlON LOADSPjilNG LOCK WASYE

COMPRESSION LOADSPRING WASHERS

MINIMUM RESIDUAL SPRING FFOR CONICAL SPRING WASHERS

MINIMUM RESIDUAL SPRING FFOR SPRING LOCK WASHERS

UlNlYUM RESIDUAL SPRING FFOR SPRING WASHERS

-

-

-

-

-

cobWA!

:AL SPRINGIERS

REUEF TRAVEL -FIG. 4 GRAPHS REPRESENTING ELIEFTRAVELSAND RESIDUALSPRING

FORCESFOR VARIOUS SPRING W,C.MER NOMINAL Srm 16 )


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Date of Issue Text Affected

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Is 3063-Spring Washers

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