IRRThe Social Science Sequel to ‘Growing Rice like Wheat’: Transition towards dry rice...

7/21/2019 IRRThe Social Science Sequel to Growing Rice like Wheat: Transition towards dry rice cultivation requires integration of natural and social sciences

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Seminar International Rice Research InstituteFebruary 3, 2015

The Social Science Sequel to Growin Rice !i"e #heat$%

Transition towar&s &ry rice culti'ation requiresinteration o( natural an& social sciences

)aul *+ Strui", #aeninen ni'ersity,

The -etherlan&s


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Structure

Intro&uction

.#hy this tal"/

rie( o'er'iew o( GR!#

#hy a sequel/


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Intro&uction

.#hy this tal"/


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Three illars o( international olicies (or (oo&

security an& rotection o( natural resources

riht to (oo&,

intensi(ication o( ariculture,

an& sustainability+

These three illars trier he(ty &ebates about

technoloy,

ethics,

ecoloy, an& economics o( the ro&uction o( (oo&

In rice, the big issue is water


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Transition towar&s water sa'in in rice

The transition towar&s watersa'in rice systems requiressocialeconomic chanes, both at the le'el o( the individual

plot, farm and at higher levels of organization+

timi4in rice ro&uction within the (ramewor" o( enotye

byen'ironmentbymanaementbysociety interactions will

&eman& innovative approaches that will require a

consi&erable chane in the institutional infrastructure+

The knowledge chain will ha'e to be a&ate& an& the water

management will ha'e to be altere&+

ain an& analysin impact pathways o( the transition

(rom a&&y rice to aerobic or e'en &rylan& rice are crucial+


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oreo'er,++++

This transition to GR!# requires thorouhly concetuali4e&

research integrating social and natural sciences,

consistin o(%

1+ experimental field research on the aronomic an& socioeconomic consequences o( chanin the e6istin system7 an&

2+ empirical research on e6istin ulan& rice ro&uctionsystems to i&enti(y "ey success (actors o( those systems+

#aeninen base& social an& natural scientists seek synergy

with the IRRI sta(( to &ra(t a roramme consistin o( a social

science sequel o( the current natural science oriente&roramme Growin Rice !i"e #heat+


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rie( o'er'iew o(

Growin Rice

!i"e #heat


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Growing rice like wheat

Understanding rice drought tolerance mechanisms

by comparison with wheat

PhD6: Integrated modelling approach


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Groups involved

8 )lant Sciences Grou, #aeninen R,-etherlan&s8 International Rice Research Institute,

IRRI, )hiliines8 9et+ o( *ro )hysioloy, :S, In&ia8 ;an4hou ni'+,


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b=ecti'es an& aroach

To unra'el the mechanisms resonsible (or &rouhttolerance in rice an& comare to wheat

To ro'i&e a scienti(ic basis (or aronomic an&>orbree&in aroaches to row rice with less water, li"e

wheat

:roach 1% mechanistic &rouht tolerance stu&y o('arious tyes o( rice comare& to wheat

:roach 2% G#:S an& ?T! metaanalysis in rice toe6lore enetic 'ariation an& ro'i&e mechanisticlea&s


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:roach 1%@ )h9, with &i((erent (ocus

)reethi -A, analore, *S: #R%

. )hysioloy. Systemic

. *ellular tolerance

#en=in uyan Bni+ ;an4hou, *hina, *S: #RC

. #ater relations. orholoy, :natomy, Dy&raulics

Gio'anni elan&ri B)hysioloy, #RC

. )hysioloy, metabolomics

. Transiration>rotection eatri4 :n&reo


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Approach 2: Niteen Kadam

(IRRI, CSA WURGenome!"ide approach to identi#$ %enesassociated "ith comple& traits, li'e $ield,"ater use ecienc$, drou%ht adaptivetraits

Association analysis

Genediscovery

Phenotype analysis

Genotype analysis


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*onnectin the aroaches

)eads #or traits contri*utin% todrou%ht tolerance

)eads #or %enes and tolerant%enot$pes

orholoical E

hysioloical stu&ies #heat an& rice&i((erent D2

con&itions

?T! analysis

BmetaanalysisC G#: Bwi&e rane

o( rice 'arietiesC

:roach 1 :roach 2


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#hy a sequel/


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The issue

*ommon sense "nowle&e% lowlan&$ (loo&e& rice is bestractice, ulan&$ rain(e& rice has little otential

Recent BresearchC initiati'es (ocus on water re&uction

.:erobic rice$ an& System o( Rice Intensi(icationclaim hih yiel& otential in non(loo&e& con&itions

merin question% where &oes the common sense$come (rom an& &i& anyone question it be(ore/


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What is it about?

) H T S TJ TJS JS TJJS K

) er(ormance

H a'erae outcome o( a ro&uction system

T technoloical (actors at each art o( the system an& theirinteractions

en'ironmental (actors at each art o( the system an& theirinteractions

S societal (actors at each art o( the chain an& their interactions

K uncontrolle& resi&ual error

Ba&ote& (rom -ui=ten, Strui" et al+ 2013C


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*hanin con&itions L chanin ractices

!abour requirement an&

&irect see&in

)oor (arm economics

!an& ressure an&multile croin

#ater scarcity an&

waterlessrice ro&uction

Global climate chane an&methane emission in rice (iel&s


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The challene in aricultural research, to

be ic"e& u by a GR!# sequel

To &esin aroaches that are e((ecti'e in creatin"nowle&e that is usable by (armers, base& onarticiatory aroaches, cocreation o( "nowle&e, an&action research, an& trans&iscilinarity+

These aroaches in'ol'e all sta"ehol&ers inclu&inscientists (rom 'ery &i((erent &iscilines+


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: sequel requires

1+ etho&oloical aroaches Btechnorahy, &ianostics,er(ormance, =oint learnin, institutional conte6tanalysisC

2+ :wareness that technoloy alone cannot e6an&smallhol&ers$ oortunities

3+ obilisation o( smallhol&ers throuh e6erimentalrous

@+ 6erimentation with institutional inno'ations an&creation o( institutional chane

5+ :nalysis o( ararian systems, institutions an&inter'entions

M+ Reorientation on interation between natural an&social sciences


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Four imortant NDow/O questions

Fin&in ractical answers to the (ollowin comle6 questions%

1+ Dow can lastin chane be catalyse& in an aroecoloical

settin an& an institutional en'ironment that are hihly

comle6/

2+ Dow can we use the lessons learne& about institutional

inno'ation to ma"e local aroecosystems resilient an&suitable (or sustainable intensi(ication/

3+ Dow can sustainable aricultural intensi(ication be

orchestrate& in such a way that it imro'es the li'elihoo&s o(

all the rural oor/

@+ Dow can we &esin an& imlement aricultural olicies that

rotect smallhol&er (armers aainst the threats an&

uncertainties associate& with lobalisation o( mar"ets/


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*urrent tren& in science is to enhance

intensi(ication as it is oo& (or ro&ucti'ity,

resource use e((iciency an& sustainability%

P There is a stron (ocus on winwin situations Bor e'enwinwinwinC, (or e6amle F:$s #aternery!an&Foo&ne6us

P # aims to ro&uce two times more with two times less

P 9e #it arues

It may be conclu&e& +++++ that no ro&uction resource is

use& with any less e((iciency an& that most ro&uctionresources are use& more e((iciently with increasin yiel&le'el &ue to (urther otimi4in o( rowin con&itions


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n(ortunately, winwin situations are rare+++++

#hen &esinin water sa'in strateies in rice%

#e nee& an aronomy that (ocuses on the science o(tra&eo((s+

ase& on quantitati'e assessments o( ob=ecti'es, tools,resources an& costs (or systems that loo" beyon& to&ayan& beyon& one$s own lot, (arm or croin system+


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#hat &o we want

to achie'e/


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lan& rice research has a lon tra&ition at IRRI

1Q5

1QM

1Q@


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There(ore, i'en the issues at sta"e we ot

(or a *oalition o( the #illin to create

-ew theoretical (ramewor"s (or true interation o(natural an& social sciences

: concetual (ramewor" (or interal an& quantitati'e

tra&eo(( analysis

*rosso'ers between metho&oloies, analytical tools an&scienti(ic lanuaes

Trainin systems to create ra&uates that are realinterators instea& o( con'erte& natural or socialscientists

!ea&ershi an& o'ernance


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2+

Theory o( *hane > Research imact athway -#

Problem areas to beaddressed

Direct causes

Underlying knowledge-related causes

Research & developmentoutputs

Research & developmentoutcomes

Research & developmentimpact

Research

G i i lik h t l


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Growing rice like wheat sequel

Implementing innovative strategies for water-limited

rice production


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ortunities%

1+ #TR call (or 9utch

uni'ersities L *GI:R collaboration

Bu to 00 "euroC

2+ I-RF u to 1 euro


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han' $ou ver$ much

IRRThe Social Science Sequel to ‘Growing Rice like Wheat’: Transition towards dry rice...

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