Irrigation Efficiency: Integrated Data Reporting for Decision Support Solutions

David TerryASERTTI Executive Director

August 19, 2013

Energy Applications and Cloud Computing Webinar Series

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Energy and Water Savings from Optimal Irrigation Management and Precision ApplicationLori Rhodig, Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA)Dr. Charles Hillyer, Oregon State University (OSU)

6

NEEA’s Role

Fill the energy efficiency pipeline

Accelerate market adoption

Leverage the power of the region

7

Impact of Ag Irrigation in the Region

Electrical Energy Use (aMW)

Residential 7,424

Commercial 6,129

Industrial 3,744

Other Ag 105

Dairy Milk 55

Irrigation 848

Dir Serv Ind 764

Transportation 71

~ 5% or $335M

Based on 2007 usage – data from NW Power Conservation Council’s Sixth Power Plan

8

Initiative Goal, Objectives and Deliverables

Created by NW growers, utilities and NEEA in partnership with key global suppliers

KEY DELIVERABLES

THE GOALEconomic

enhancement through 20% Agricultural

Irrigation energy efficiency by 2020

20% by 2020

DELIVERABLES Improve yield uniformity Improve energy intensity Water goes further More profit per acre Decrease energy consumption

OBJECTIVES

Water and energy savings

Irrigation technology + practices

Industry-wide data standards

9

Condition of crop

Feel of soil

Personal calendar schedule

Scheduled by water delivery or-ganization

Soil moisture sensing device

Reports on daily crop-water evapo- transpiration (ET)

Commercial or government scheduling service

When neighbors begin to irrigate

Computer simulation models

Plant moisture sensing device

Other

1988 1994 1998 2003 2008

2008 – 1.4%

2008 – 78%

(Farm And Ranch Irrigation Survey, USDA)

Methods Used in Deciding When to Irrigate

1010

Today’s Standalone Tools Don’t Integrate

LOCALIZED HARDWARE

Weather stations Moisture

sensors Pumping plants Smart meters Flow valves

EXTERNAL DATA

SOURCES Soil maps Weather

networksONLINE

ADVISORY SYSTEMS

Crop type ET Schedules Weather SIS

IRRIGATIONSCHEDULING

TOOLS VRI SIS

11

In-Field Equipment: Weather & Moisture 1. Total solar radiation (pyranometer): 2. Soil temperature (thermistor): 3. Air temperature/relative humidity: 4. Wind Vane (Wind Direction)5. Anemometer (Wind Speed)6. Tipping-bucket rain gauge7. 12v Solar Panel+battery8. Telemetry uplink9. GPS Pivot Location10. Soil Moisture monitoring: 3x Decagon HS10 11. Soil Moisture Aquacheck probe 12. Irrometer Tensiometer13. TDR (Time Domain Reflectrometer) 14. Panametrics Flow meters 15. Smart Meters (at pump)

Measurement

14

Weather

Automated Field Moisture Monitors13

15

9

1

3 6

4 & 5

10 11 12

1212

Integrated Decision Support SolutionIN

PUTS STATIC DATA

Soil mapsYield maps

ONLINE ADVISORY SYSTEM (ex. AgriMet)

Crop type, ET, weather integration, irrigation scheduling, etc.

RISK MANAGEMENT

ON-FARM INFORMATIONWeather

Pumping + distribution system

Telemetry

Moisture sensors

OU

TPUTS

DATA OUTPUTReports, trends, analysis, etc.

DYNAMIC

FIXED

OPTIMAL IRRIGATION

MANAGEMENT

Uniform Fields

VRI Fields

Iterative Feedback

Loop

DECISION SUPPORT

1313

Product: Technology Levels

Level 0

Level 1Level 2

Level 3

On-farm weather station with in-field correction

Soil moisture monitoring Flow monitoring Energy use monitoring

Optimal Irrigation Scheduling Soil mapping to calibrate deficit

strategies Yield mapping to verify crop

response VSI ( or VRI-Speed)

Variable Rate Irrigation (or called VRI Site-Specific or Zone)

Conventional practice Remote weather station

14

Optimal Irrigation

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 800

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0Winter Wheat Production Function

from English and Raja (1996)

Production Costs ($/ha) Gross Income @ 147 $/ton Yield (kg/ha)Applied Water (cm)

Cost

s An

d In

com

es ($

/ha)

(Tho

usan

ds)

Yiel

d (k

g/ha

)

Maximum Income @ 51.2 cm

Maximum Yield @ 60.9 cm

15

Preliminary Demonstration Results

Integration Data and model development

Initial performance characterization

Demonstrated water savings (informal)

16

Lessons Learned

17

2013 Demonstration Sites

Key: = ’12 VRI site = ‘13 VRI site = ‘13 VSI site X

1818

Integrated Decision Support SolutionIN

PUTS STATIC DATA

Soil mapsYield maps

ONLINE ADVISORY SYSTEM (ex. AgriMet)

Crop type, ET, weather integration, irrigation scheduling, etc.

RISK MANAGEMENT

ON-FARM INFORMATIONWeather

Pumping + distribution system

Telemetry

Moisture sensors

OU

TPUTS

DATA OUTPUTReports, trends, analysis, etc.

DYNAMIC

FIXED

OPTIMAL IRRIGATION

MANAGEMENT

Uniform Fields

VRI Fields

Iterative Feedback

Loop

DECISION SUPPORT

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CHARTERProvide a common set of

data standards and formats to convert

weather, soil moisture and other relevant data from

OEM hardware and software programs to be used by irrigation data

analysis and prescription programs.

Precision Ag Irrigation Leadership (PAIL)

Jointly sponsored NW Energy Efficiency Alliance AgGateway

Driven by business needs Voice of the Grower Manufacturers

20+ partner companies

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For More InformationTelephone or email: Lori Rhodig, LRhodig@neea.org, 503-688-5431 Dr. Charles Hillyer, hillyer@engr.orst.edu, 541-207-2387

Website information:www.neea.org/irrigation (Video on right side)

21

Yield Model Calibration

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.40

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

f(x) = 1.92103456982011 x

1 - (Ya / Ym)

1 –

(ETa

/ ET

m)

22

Irrigation Management Online

Web Application for: Conventional irrigation scheduling Managing limited water supply Optimal irrigation Irrigation optimization

The User is the most important part of optimization algorithm

23

Key Modeling Challenges

Farm level optimization

depends on all fields

Optimization implies some level of deficit

irrigation

Irrigation depends on all farm operations

24

Sites Summary (2013)

Field No. Area (Ac) Crop Technology

LevelPumping Lift

(ft) Location

M13 124 Canola Level 1 477

OR

M21 121.3 Canola+FCS Level 3 428M22 132.1 Canola Level 2 515M10 125.5 Field Corn Level 1 379M54 122.6 Field Corn Level 3 365M56 123.3 Field Corn Level 2 360TR240 74.1 Sw Corn Sd/SunFlwr Level 3 528

WATR251 78.9 Sw Corn Sd/SunFlwr Level 2 489TR253 119 Sw Corn Sd/SunFlwr Level 1 509TD5 125 Field Corn Level 1 239

IDTD7 125 Field Corn Level 3 258TD11 125 Field Corn Level 2 234B114 125 Field Corn Level 3 400

WAB116 125 Field Corn Level 2 386B211 97 Field Corn Level 1 445