irrigation and water resources created by sajid and farooq

Muhammad Farooq Zia (2005-CE-44) Muhammad Sajid Nazir Compiled WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION ENGINEERING CED-401 IRRIGATION: The process of artificial application of water to the soil for the growth of agricultural crops is known as irrigation. INTRODUCTION ABOUT IRRIGATION: It is practically a science of planning and designing of the water supply system for the agricultural land to protect the corps from bad effects of drought or low rainfall. It includes the construction of weirs or dams, barrages or canal system for the regular supply of water to the cultivable lands. There are three essential requirements of plant growth, 1. Heat 2. Light 3. Moisture In England the one of three essential requirements is available that is moisture, which means irrigation is not required due to sufficient rainfall. But in Pakistan the first two of the three essential requirements of pant growth that is light and heat is present in large amount but the third (moisture) is required due to insufficient rainfall . Hence Irrigation is supplementary to rainfall. When the rainfall is either deficient or comes irregularly or at unseasonable times in Pakistan. COMPONENTS OF THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM OR IRRIGATION SYSTEM NETWORK: The main components of an irrigation system are listed below, 1. Dam /Barrage 2. Canal Head regulator 3. Main canal 4. Branch Canal 5. Distributory canal 6. Minor canal 7. Water course (W.C) 1

irrigation and water resources created by sajid and farooq

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