EXTRACTION OF IRONEXTRACTION OF IRON

ELEMENT ELEMENT NA0ME:IRONNA0ME:IRON

ORE:- HAEMATITE (FEORE:- HAEMATITE (FE22OO33))

VARIOUS STEPS INVOLVED IN THE EXTVACTION OF VARIOUS STEPS INVOLVED IN THE EXTVACTION OF IRON METAL ARE AS FOLLOWS:-IRON METAL ARE AS FOLLOWS:-

1. 1. CONCENTRATION OF ORECONCENTRATION OF ORE: IT IS DANE BY : IT IS DANE BY THE METHED OF HYDREWLIC WASHING.THE METHED OF HYDREWLIC WASHING.

2. 2. CALCINATIONCALCINATION: HE WASHED ORE IS then : HE WASHED ORE IS then strongly heated in the absence of air to expel water strongly heated in the absence of air to expel water shacking to it.shacking to it.

3. Reduction: the washed and dried are (hematite) is 3. Reduction: the washed and dried are (hematite) is mixed with coke and limes tone and put into a blast mixed with coke and limes tone and put into a blast fence from the top a blast of het air is blew into the fence from the top a blast of het air is blew into the furnace from near the bottom. this air supplies furnace from near the bottom. this air supplies oxygen for the burning of coke. oxygen for the burning of coke.

C + OC + O22 CO CO22 + HEAT + HEAT

(1)(1) NEAR THE BOTTOM OF THE NEAR THE BOTTOM OF THE FURNACE,COKE BURNS IN AIR FURNACE,COKE BURNS IN AIR TO FORM CARBON DIOXIDE,TO FORM CARBON DIOXIDE,REALEASING HEATREALEASING HEAT

(CARBO(CARBON)N)

(OXYGEN(OXYGEN))

(CARBON (CARBON DIOXIDE)DIOXIDE)

Following reactions take place in the blast furnace Following reactions take place in the blast furnace leading to the foundation of iron metal.leading to the foundation of iron metal.

(2) CARBON DIOXIDE THEN REACTS WITH (2) CARBON DIOXIDE THEN REACTS WITH

COKE TO FORM CARBON MONOXIDE COKE TO FORM CARBON MONOXIDE AND ACTS AS REDUCING AGENT. AND ACTS AS REDUCING AGENT.

COCO22 + C 2CO + C 2CO

CARBON CARBON

MONOXIDEMONOXIDE

(3) IN TH E U PPER PART OF THE(3) IN TH E U PPER PART OF THE FURNACE, CARBON MONOXIDE FURNACE, CARBON MONOXIDE

REDUCES IRON (3)OXIDE TO IRON METAL.REDUCES IRON (3)OXIDE TO IRON METAL.

FEFE22OO33 + 3CO 2FE + 3CO + 3CO 2FE + 3CO22

HAEMATITE CARBON MONOXIDE IRON METALHAEMATITE CARBON MONOXIDE IRON METAL

(4) IN THE BLAST FURANCE LIME STONE (4) IN THE BLAST FURANCE LIME STONE DECOMPESES TO FORM CALCIUM DECOMPESES TO FORM CALCIUM OXIDE AND CARBON DIOXIDE OXIDE AND CARBON DIOXIDE

CACOCACO33 HEAT CAO + CO2 HEAT CAO + CO2

5) THE SAND IS REMOVED FROM BLAST 5) THE SAND IS REMOVED FROM BLAST

FURANCE IN THE FORM OF LIQUID FURANCE IN THE FORM OF LIQUID SLAG BY ADDING LIMES TONE AS FLIX. SLAG BY ADDING LIMES TONE AS FLIX.

CAO + SCO2 CASIOCAO + SCO2 CASIO 33

THE MOLTEN IRON AND MOLTEN SLAG ARE THE MOLTEN IRON AND MOLTEN SLAG ARE TAKEN OUT THROUGH SEPARATE OUTLETS TAKEN OUT THROUGH SEPARATE OUTLETS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE BLAST FURNACE. AT THE BOTTOM OF THE BLAST FURNACE. THE IRON METAL THUS OBTAINED IS THE IRON METAL THUS OBTAINED IS CALLED CALLED PIG IRONPIG IRON. IT IS NOT VERY USEFUL . IT IS NOT VERY USEFUL BECAUSE IT CONTAINS SOME IMPURITIUES. BECAUSE IT CONTAINS SOME IMPURITIUES.

AS PIG IRON IS NOT VERY USEFUL BECAUSE AS PIG IRON IS NOT VERY USEFUL BECAUSE OF THE IMPURITIUES PRESENT IN IT, IT IS OF THE IMPURITIUES PRESENT IN IT, IT IS FARTHEN REFINED THROUGH THE PROCESS FARTHEN REFINED THROUGH THE PROCESS OF OXIDATIVE REFINING. THE IRON THUS OF OXIDATIVE REFINING. THE IRON THUS OBTAINED IS CALLED OBTAINED IS CALLED WROUGHT IRONWROUGHT IRON WHICH IS THE PUREST FORM OF IRON.WHICH IS THE PUREST FORM OF IRON.

Extraction of IronExtraction of Iron

The diagram The diagram shows the shows the process to process to extract Ironextract Iron

Uses of IronUses of Iron 1. Iron is used as alloys with carbon and other 1. Iron is used as alloys with carbon and other

elements. The two common alloys of carbon elements. The two common alloys of carbon

are Cast Iron and Steel.are Cast Iron and Steel. 2. Cast Iron is used to make bed plates of 2. Cast Iron is used to make bed plates of

various machines and heavy-duty parts.various machines and heavy-duty parts. 3. Iron is also used to make some house hold 3. Iron is also used to make some house hold

utensils and factory equipments.utensils and factory equipments. 4. Iron is used as catalyst in preparation of 4. Iron is used as catalyst in preparation of

man compounds.man compounds. 5. Steel is used as building material for 5. Steel is used as building material for

many construction purposes.many construction purposes.

THANKS

SUBMITTED BY:

RAJESH KUMAR

VIKAS

AMARDEEP.

CLASS:-9TH C