tRC S t ' 53 -2010

GUIDELINES ONUSE OF MODIFIED BITUMEN

IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION(sEcoND REVISION)

Published bY

INDIAN ROADS CONGRESSKama Kot i Marg,

Sector 6, R.K. Puram,New Delhi - 11A022NOVEMBER - 2O1O

Price Rs. 300/-(Packing & Postage Extra)

CONTENTS

Personne l o f H ighways Spec r f i ca t rons & S tandards commt t tee

1 In t rod uc t i on

2 ScoPe

3 Advan tages o f Mod i f i ed B i tumen

4 . Genera l Requr remen ts o f Mod i f t e rs

5 Type o f B i tumen Mod i f re rs

6 ApP l rca t rons o f Mod i fed B i tumen

7 Manu fac tu r rng

Bspec r f i ca t i onRequ r remen ts fo rMod i f i edB i t umen

I Tra nsPortat lon

10 Des rgn o f l / t t xes

11 Cons t ruc t t onOPera t t on

12 Qua l r t y Assu rance rn S to rage and Hand l i ng o f Mod i f i ed B r tumen

and Mrxes a t S t t e

13 SamP l rng and C r t t e r t a

Annex-1 : Method fo r Determrnat ion o f Complex Modu lus

TestAnnex-2 : Method fo r E las t rc Recovery

Annex-3 : Method fo r Separa t ron Tes t

Annex -4 : To rs ion Recove ry o f Mod i f t edBrnders

tRC SP 53 -2010

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IRC:SP 53 -2010

PERSONNEL OF THE HIGHWAYS SPECIFICATIONS ANDSTANDARDS COMMITTEE

(As on 1 ' t May , 2010)

Director Genera l (RD) & Spl Secretary, Min is t ry ofRoad Transpor t & Highways, New Delh i

Addl . Di rector Genera l , Min is t ry of RoadTranspor t & Highways, New Delh i

Ch ie f Eng inee r (R ) S&R, M in i s t r y o f RoadTranspor t & Hrghways New Delh i

Members

Executrve Drrector Consul t ing Engg Serv ices ( l )Pvt L td. , New DelhrCh ie f Engrneer (Re td ) , Ha ryana PWDA d d l . C h i e f l ; 3 ; l 5 n n r i e t r n n F n n i n o ^ . C I D C O ,

Nav i Mumbar

Chref Execut ive L R Kadiya l r & Associates. New DelhrDr rec to r (P ro lec ts - l l l ) , Na t i ona l Rura l RoadsDeve lopmen tAgency , (M in i s t r y o f Ru ra l Deve lopmen t )New De lh rProfessor & Coordinator. Centre of TransoortationEngg , l lT Roorkee, RoorkeeEngrneer- in-Chref (R&B) Andhra Pradesh, HyderabadCh ie f Eng inee r (Re td ) MoRT&H, New De lh iCh ie f Eng inee r (NH) Assam, Guwaha t rPr incrpal Secretary to the Govt o f Gujarat , R&B Dept tGandh inagar

Ch ie f Eng inee r (NH) Gov t o f Or i ssa . BhubaneshwarCh ie f Eng inee r (NH) , RCD, Pa tnaChref Engineer , Mrnrst ry of Road Transpor t &Hrghways , New De lh iChief Engineer Min is t ry of Road Transpor t &H ighways New De lh i

Chief Engineer , (Retd ) , Min is t ry of Road Transpor t &Highways, New Delh iMember (Tech . ) Na t i ona l H ighwaysAu tho r r t y o f I nd raNew De lh r

Fngrneer - rn -Ch ie f Haryana PWDAdvrsor L&T. MumbaiCh ie f Eng inee r (NH) , UP, PWD, Lucknow

Srnha A V .(Convcnor)

Pur r , S K .(Co-Convcnor)

Kandasamy C(Membcr-Secrctary)

Dat ta, P K

Gup ta K K

S inha , S

Kadrya l i D r L RKatare P K

J a i n D r S S

Reddy, K S iva

B a s u , S B

B o r d o l o r A C

R a t h o r e S S

P r a d h a n B C

Prasad D N

K u m a r , A s h o k

K u m a r , K a m l e s h

K r r s h n a P r a b h a t

Patankar , V L .

K u m a r M a h e s h

Bong i rwar , P L

S i n h a A K

( i )

I K L . i ) r

23

24?_5

26

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35

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40 .

53 -2010

Sha rma S C

Sharma Dr V lV

Gup ta D P

Momrn S S

Reddy [ ) r T S .

Shuk la , R S

Ja rn , R K

Chand rasekha r D r

S rngh , B .N

Nashkar , S S

Ra lu Dr G .V S

Alam, Parwez

GangopadhyaY, Dr .

S rngh , N r rma l J t t

S inha . V K

Ja rn N .S

Ch ie f Engrneer (P lg )Representat tve

BP

Dr rec to r Genera l (RD) & AS (Re tcJ ) MoRf& l - lNew De lh t

Consu l t an t . A lM lL . New De lh t

Dr rec to r Genera (RD) & AS (Re td ) , MoRT&H'New De lh tFo rmer Member . Maharash t ra Pub l r c Se rv t ceCommiss ton Mumoa i

Ex -Sc ren t i s t Cen t ra l Road Research Ins t t t u teNew De lh i

Ex - Sc ren t r s t Cen t ra l Road Research Ins t i t u te ,New De lh i

Chre f Eng inee r (Re td ) Ha ryana PWD, Sonepa t

Dr rec to r (Tech . ) , Na t i ona l Rura l Roads Deve lopmen tAgency (Mrn i s t r y o f Ru ra l Deve lopmen t ) , New De lh t

Member (Tech.) Natronal HighwaysAuthor i ty o f Ind ia

New De lh i

Chre f Engrneer (NH) , PW (R) Ko lka ta

Chre f Eng inee r (R&B) , Andhra P radesh , Hyderabad

Vice-Pres ident Htndustan Constn. Co Ltd ,

Drrector . Centra l Road Research Inst i tu te New Delht

Dr rec to r Genera l (RD) & SS (Re td ) , MoRT&HNew De lh i

D i rec to r Genera l (RD) & SS (Re td ) , MoRT&H.New De lh i

1

Z

A

Pres iden t , IRC

Director (Genera l ) RDSpl . SecretarY

Secretary Genera l

Jus to ,D r CEG

Khattar, M D

Agaruual M K

Borge , V B .

Chre f Eng inee r (Re td ) , MoRT&H New De lh t

Min is t ry of Road Transpor t & Highways New Delht

Di rector Genera l Border Roads, New Delh i

EX-Officio Members

(L iansanga) , Engineer- in-Chief and Secretary, PWD

Mizoram Aizawl

& (Sinha, A.V.) Min is t ry of Road Transpor l & Highways 'New De lh i( l ndo r ia R .P ) lnd ian Roads Congress ' New De lh i

Corresponding Members

Emer i tus Fel low, Bangalore Univers i ty . Bangalore

Consul tant Runwal Centre Mumbai

Engineer- in-Chief (Retd ) , Haryana PWD

Secretary (Roads) (Retd. ) , Maharashtra PWD' Mumbat

( i i )

IRC SP :53 -2010

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Dur ing the Second Meet ing o f F lex ib le Pavement Commi t tee (H-2) he ld on

05 September , 2OOg the Convenor Shr iA .V. S inha expressed the urgency o f rev is ion

of IRC:Sp:53-2002 and a Sub-group under the Cha i rmansh ip o f Shr i S .C ' Sharma

cons is t ing o f Dr . Sun i l Bose, Dr . B .R. Tyag i and Shr i S K. Nt rmal was fo rmed to rev ise

the document. The H-2 Commit tee in i ts f i f th meet ing held on 24 Apr i l .2010 approved

the rev ised document p resented by the Sub-group. The Personne l o f F lex ib le Pavement

Commi t tee (H2) as on24 Apr i l ' 2010 are as fo l lows

S inha A VBose , Dr . Sun i lN i rma l , S K

Basu , ChandanBhanwala , Co l . R S.Bong i rwar , P .L .Das, Dr AntmeshDushaka Van la lGa j r ia , Ma j Gen K TJarn Dr . M.C.Ja in , R KJa in , Ra jesh KumarJarn , Dr S .S .Kandha l Pro f Pr i thv i S ingh

Bhattacharya, C CDongre Dr. Ra. l

Pres ident , IRC'D i rec tor Genera l (RD)

& SS, MORTH)Secretary General , IRC

ConvenorCo-ConvenorMember-Secretary

Katare P.K.Kr ishna, PrabhatLa l , ChamanNigam, Dr . S .K .Pachaur i , D .K .Pandey, R.KSarma, Dr . S ivaram BSarma, S .C.Tyag i , B .R .Wasson, AshokYadav, Dr. V.K.(Rep o f DGBR)

Members

Corresponding Members

Jus to Dr . C .E .G. .Sharma, S .K .

Ex-Officio Members

(L iansanga)(S inha , A V )

( lndor ia , R P)

tRC SP 53 2010

The revrsed dra f t document was subsequent ly approved wt th some suggest tons

by the H ighways Spcc i f i ca t rons and Standards Commrt tee in i t s meet ing he ld on0 '1 May 2010 The dra f t document was approved by the Execut ive Commi t tee in t t s

meet ing he ld on '10 May 2010 The Couno l rn i t s meet ing he ld a t Munnar , (Kera la )

on 22 May 2010 approved the document w i th some comments . The document a f te r

rncorpora t tng comments o f Councr l Members was approved by the Convenor o fH ighways Spec i f rca t tons & Standards Commi t tee fo r p r in t ing

1 .2 F lex ib le pavements w i th b i tuminous sur fac ing are w ide ly used in Ind ia . The

hrgh traf f rc intensi ty in terms of commercial vehic les, over loading of t rucks and signi f icantvarratrons in dai ly and seasonal temperature of the pavement have been responsible for

ear ly development of d istress l ike rut t ing, cracking, bleeding, shoving and pothol ing of

brtumrnous surfacing Afactor, which causes concern in India is very high and very lowpavement temperature condi t ions rn some parts of the country. Under these condi t ions

the bi tuminous surfacrng tends to become soft in summer and br i t t le in winter

1 .3 Studies have revealed that propert ies of b i tumen and bi tuminous mixes can

be rmproved/modi f ied wr th the incorporat ion of cer tatn addi t ives or b lend of addi t ives

These addi t rves are ca l led 'Modi f rers and the b i tumen premixed wi th these modi f iers is

known as 'Modi f ied Bi tumen". Use of modi f ied b i tumen in the top layers of the pavement

rs expected to s ign i f icant ly enhance the l i fe of the sur factng and extend the t rme o{

the next renewal Ful l -sca le per formance studies on over lay carr ied out by the var tous

research rnst i tu t rons, Ind ian Inst i tu tes of Technology under the aegis of Min is t ry o1

t load Transpor t and Highways: Centra l Road Research Inst i tu te; Highways Research

S ta t ron Chennar , Rubber Board Kera la : Gu ja ra t Eng inee r ing Research Ins t i t u te ; and

v;r rous s tate Publ ic Works Depar tments revealed that the use of Modi f ied Bi tumen

rn construct ron/marntenance of b i tuminous roads s ign i f icant ly improve the pavemenl

pe r for r r rance and rs cost e f fect ive, when I i fe 'cyc le cost is taken in to considerat ion.

1 .4 lS 154622004 c lass i f y t he po l ymer and rubber mod i f i ed b i t umen in to thc

fo l l owrng fou r t ypes

a ) PMt l (P ) P las tomer rc the rmop las t i c based

b) PMt l ( t - ) E las tomer rc the rmop las t i c based

c ) NRMB Na tu ra l rubber and SBR la tex based , and

d) CRMB Crumb rubber / t r ea ted c rumb rubber based

Ihese a re fL r r the r d i v rded i n to th ree g rades based on the pene t ra t i on va lue /so f ten t r ro

oo rn t va lue as re levan t

lhe above types of modi f red b i tumen brnders are recomrnended for use in road works

TRC SP 53-2010

In th is document, the above four types of modif ied bi tumen have been referred to bygenelc names-mod i f red bi tumen without speci fy ing the type of modif ier . The speci f icat ionrequirement in respect of some of the propert ies have been upgraded in v iew of thefact that wi th the growing use of new equipment and technology, i t is now possible tomanufacture products to higher speci f icat ion. Besides, considerable exper ience hasbeen garned over the years regarding their manufacture, use and performance.

The specrf icatron requirements of modif ied bi tumen for var ious c l imat ic condi t ionsare grven rn Table 2. The user can speci f i , any type of modif ied bi tumen as per lSclassi f icat ion sub. lect to the condi t ion that the chosen product meets the speci f icat ionrequ i rements g iven rn Tab le 2

1 .5 A srmple test for def in ing elast ic propert ies of a modif ied binder by measur ingrts tors ional recoverv has been speci f ied.

2 SCOPE

These gu ide l ines dea l w i th the spec i f i ca t ions and use o f Mod i f ied B i tumen b inders inroad construct ion & maintenance works, therr advantages, appl icat ion, manufactur ingof modif ied brtumen, t ransportat ion, storage, test ing, qual i ty control and qual i ty

assu rance req u t re rnents

3 ADVANTAGES OF MODIFIED BITUMEN

3.1 Proper t res o f mod i f red b i tumen depend upon type andquant i ty of modif ierof modif ied bi tumenused and process adopted fo r ther r manufac ture . The advantages

can inc lude one or more o f the fo l low ing fo r road works .

. Lower suscept ib i l i ty to temperature vartat ions

. Htgher resistance to deformatton at htgh pavement temperature

. Delay of cracking and ref lect ive cracking

Better age resistance propert ies

Bet te r adhes ion be tween aggregates and b tnder

H igher fa t igue l i fe o f m ixes

Overal l improved performance

3 .2 fhe cho rce o f n rod i f i ed b i t umen may be made on the bas i s o f t r a f f i c c l ima te ,

and ove ra l l l i f e cyc le cos t ana lys ts , where da ta i s ava i l ab le .

rRC SP 53 -2010

4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF MODIFIERS

4 .1 Modi f red Br tumen is obta ined wr th the incorporat ion of se lected thermoplast ic

po lymers (P las tomer ic o r E las tomer ic ) , c rumb rubber o r na tura l rubber in b i tumenWhen used as brtumen modrfrer selected polymers/rubbers or a blend of these shouldhave the fol lowrng propert les:

r ) Compat ib le w i th b t tumen

i i ) Resrs t degradat ion a t mix ing tempera ture

i i i ) Capab le o f be ing processed by convent iona l mix ing and lay ing

macn lnery

iv) Produce coatrng viscosi ty at appl icat ion temperature

v) Maintain premium propert ies dur ing storage, appl icat ion and in service

v i ) Capab le o f p rovrd ing homogeneous b lend wt th b i tumen.

4.2 A number of propr ietary products are avai lable in market, wi th which

br tumen can be mod i f ied . These mod i f ie rs sha l l comply w i th the above requ i rements

besides conformity to speci f icatrons Products shal l bc evaluated for their sui tabi l i ty in

an approved laboratory.

5 .1

5 TYPE OF BITUMEN MODIFIERS

Over the years, different types of materials have been tnvestigated as modif iers

for b i tumen modif icat ions. The commonly used modif iers are given in Table 1. The modif ier

should be compat ib le wi th bi tumen to achieve the required propert ies.

5 .2 Propr ietary products may contain a blend of d i f ferent polymer addi t ives to

achieve improvement i t r propert ies of b i tumen for road works"

Table 1 Classi f icat ion of Rubber and Polymer Based Bi tumen Modif iers

Types of Modif iers Examples

Plastcmerrc ThermoplastrcsPolyethylene (PE), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (FVA), Ethylene ButylAcrylate

(EBA) Ethylene-Methyl-Acrylate copolymers (EMA) etc

Elaslomeric ThermoplasttcsStyrene lsoprene Styrene (SlS) Styrene-Butadrene Styrene (SBS) block

copolymer Styrene-Butadiene Rubber and Ethylene Ter Polymcr (ETP) etc.

Synthet ic Rubber Latex Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex and any other suitable synthettc rubber

Natura l Rubber Latex or Rubber Powder

Crumb Rubber or Treated

Crumb Rubber

Crumb Rubber, Treated Crumb Rubber

6 .1

IRC:SP 53 -2010

6 APPLICATIONS OF MODIFIED BITUMEN

Srnce a b i t umrnous mrx p repa red w i th mod i f i ed b i t umen has a h ighe r s t i f f ness

modu lus , enhanced fa t rgue l i f e , be t te r res rs tance to c reep and h ighe r i nd i rec t t ens l l e

s t r cng th r t r s su i t ab le as a wear ing cou rse , a b rnde r cou rse and ove r lay ma te r ta l on

sur faccs whrch are cracked and sublected to heavy t ra f f ic . Modi f ied b inders are a lso

used fo r app l r ca t ron l i ke S t ress Abso rb rng Membrane (SAM) fo r sea l i ng o f c racks ,

S t ress Abso rb rng Membrane In te r l aye r (SAMI ) f o r de lay ing re f l ec t i on c rack tng , Po rous

Aspha l t and S tone Ma t r i x Aspha l t (SMA) .

6.2 Modr f ied b i tumen per fo rms be t te r than convent iona l b t tumen in s i tua t ions ,

where the aggregates are prone to str ipping Due to their bet ter creep reslstance

propertres, they can also be used at busy rntersecttons br idge decks and roundabouts

for rncreased l i fe of the surfactng

7 .1

7 MANUFACTURING

The manu fac tu re r sha l l es tab l r sh , documen t and ma in ta in a qua l i t y sys tem

to ensurr : that the products suppl ied conform to the speci f rcat ions. The qual i ty system

sha l l consrs t o f p rocedures , regu la r inspec t ions and tes ts and/ o r assessment and the

use o f resu l ts to cont ro l the qua l r ty o f the f in ished produc t . A l l the equ ipment used in

the rnanufac tur rng process sha l l be regu la r ly inspec ted , ca l ib ra ted and main ta ined

to ensure tha t normal wear and tear o r fa i lu re does no t cause incons is tency in the

manufac tunng process

7 .2 Br tumen uscd fo r mod i f i ca t i on w i l l f u l l y comp ly w i th lS 73 Ind ian S tandard

Speci f icat ion for pavtng brtumen. The acceptance cr i ter ia for modif iers such as polymer,

na tura l rubber c rumb rubber and addr t i ves sha l l be documented fo r ensur ing the i r

conformity wi th the specrf icat tons.

The processes used to manufacture modif ied bi tumen are general ly propr ietary and

drf fercnt processes are used by var ious suppl iers.

lf a modrfrer rn powder form rs used, the blending plant should be fitted with a homogenizer

like hrgh shear mrll or any other device capable of producing a homogeneous blend. The

additron of modifier in latex form requires special blending equipment to eliminate the

entrapment of morsture which can result in excessive foaming during the blending process.

The modrfrer rnto the bi tumen should be cured/ digested at an approprtate temperature In a

.r'ng tank fitted with heatrng arrangement, agitator and circulation facil i ty for an optimum

t f t c sP 53 -2010

trme per iod to at tarn the <. iesrra l . r ie propt : r t t r ;s o f l f r r r modt f ted br tumen Ful l f ledged test rnc. ;

fac i l r ty rs essentra l ly requrr r ; rJ at t i r r : b lenc l r r rg p lant T he s torage tanks should have mtntmal

sur face area to mrnrrn izc oxrdatron and equrpped wi th n lx lng and c l rcu lat ion equtpnrent to

cnsu re the homogenc r t yo f t hep roduc t r " l u r rng s to rage Wh i len rod i f i ed b tnde rsa regenera l l y

rnanufactur i :d for t rnmecj rate dr : l rvery, any extended storage must be documented and

nronr torc ;d to cnsure that product conforms Lo the specr f rcat ion character ts t tcs.

7 .3 A l l supp l y l r nes t h rouc thoL r t t h r : p l l an t . r nc l ud ing l oad rng equ ipmen t , sha l l be

des tgneo ano p rocedures e : ; t ab l r s l red so as to avo id con tamtna t ron du r rng change o f

p roc iL t c t o r c ; l can ing o l sL rpp l y l r ncs Whcre l rnes need to be f l L rshed , t t shou ld be done

wr t l r i r o t D i l t t t r t e r t o r f rn i : ; hcd Drod t r c t

7 .4 I l r r - ' r r . anu fac tu r t : r sha l l es tab l r sh p rocedures to ensu re tha t con fo rmancc )

to thc speg f red cha rac te r i s t r cs a re marn ta ined Where tes t i ng i s requ i red on each

batch a batch is consrc jered to be the quant i ty o f b inder produced and stored in onr :

t a r r k once the p roduc t ron run i n to tha t t ank has been comp le ted The ba tch can be

cons rde red to ren ra rn the san re as l ong as no new p rodu tc t t c l n has been added .

8 SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR MODIFIED BITUMEN

8.1 I l re re r lu t rc rnents o f mod i f red br tumen are g lven in Tab le 2

B.Z [ -o r snow bound area , Fraass break ing po in t va lues o f mod i f ied b i tumen w i l l

be taken rn to account lhe va lue o f Fraass break ing po in t sha l l be less than 7 days

rnrn i rnunt a t rnospher rc tempera ture o f the a tea or as indrca ted rn Tab le 2 .

8 .3 I .o r check ing the e las t i c recovery o f mod i f ied b inder , F ie ld Eng ineer sha l l

test for fors ion recovcry aI250C usirrg Torsion recovery method als per Annexure - 4.

The Torsrorral recovery value shal l not be less than hal f of the Elast ic recovery value

a l 15 ' rC as tndrca ted in the labora tory tes t tng

S I

N o

1 )

. Where max temperature exceeds 40oC, Sof ten ing point

. *Fraass breakrng point requi rement wr l l be appl rcable for

rRC SP 53-2010

should be 65oCareas of subzero temperatures

vr)

Tablc 2 Proper t ies of Modi f ied Bi turnenHighcst lVlean Air Temperature < 20oC 20oC to 35oC Abovc

350CLowest Mean Air Temp. > .10 < -10 > -10 < -10 > .10

Cha racterist ics

(2)

Speci f ied va lues for the b i tumen

(3) (4) (5)

Method ofTest. lS No.

(6)

Ref toAnnexure

(7)Pe netrat ion a l?StC 0.1 mm1009 5 s 60 to 120 50 to 80 30 to 50 I IUJ

i ) 50 55 60. 1245

t ' ) -24 l 0 1 at 1 . 938 1

v) F ash Pornt, COC lr0 lVrn 22A 224 220 1?49v) Elastrc recovcry of half thread rn

d;ci'lonrctcrat '1 5 C pcrccnt, nrn 60 60 2Complex modulus (G. /s in o)as M r ' 1 0 rPa at 10 radls at atemperature, oC

5B 70 /6 1

vr) Spna ra t nn r l i f f o rnnnp rn q6 f t on ln^

point (R&B) rC Max 3 3 3

viil) Viscosrty at ' l50:C Poise 3-6 5-9 '1206 (Pa11 2)x ) Thrn f r lm oven test and tcsts on

resrd ue

a) Loss in mass, percent Max

b) Increase in softening pointcC Max

c) Reduction in penetration ofresidle, at?5:C. percent Max

d) Elastic recovery of halfthread rn ducti lometer al25'C,pcrcent Min

UT

Complex modulus as (G-/ s in t \as Min 2 2 kPa at 10 rad/s

at tennperature oC

10

7

35

35

5B

10

3s

50

70

10

5

35

50

76

9382

I IUJ

1203

4

1

rRC SP 53-2010

9.1

9 .3

9 TRANSPORTATION

Modified bitumen shall be transported and appiied hot safety and handlingprocedures that are applicable for hot bituminous materials also apply to modified bitumen

9.2 Vehicles used for t ransportat ion of modif ied bi tumen must have properinsulat ion to minimize heat losses, heat ing arrangements and arrangements forctrculat ion. These vehic les shal l be enrpt ied of the previous product to the minimumpract ical level and be clear of c leaning mater ia ls before loading. Vehic les previouslyused for del ivery of cutback bi tumen or bi tumen emulsion products shal l not be usedfor the del ivery of modif ied bi tumen unless thoroughly c leaned, e.g. at least one loadof hot bi tumen has been put through the tanker to remove traces of other products.Care shal l be taken to ensure that tankers which have not been in use for somet imeare free f rom condensat ion

Reheat ing of b i tumen dur ing t ransportat ion should be avoided. Incasebi tumen viscosi ty at del ivery is not adequate for pumping, bi tumen shal l be gradual lyheated to br ing t t to an appropr iate temperature for pumping. The rate of heat ing shal lbe such that the increase in temperature of modif ied bi tumen does not exceed 150Cper hour Where there rs only a smal l loss in temperature, modif ied bi tumen mav 0etransferred direct ly rnto storage tanks wrthout reheat ing.

9.4 Storage tanks for modrf ied bi tumen must be proper ly insulated, have heat ingand agi tat ing/ef fect ive c i rculat ion faci l i t ies to ensure homogeneity For c i rculat ion theinlet should be close to bottom at one end of storage tank and oui let near the topat another end of the storage tank to ensure ef fect ive c i rculat ion. Return l ines in arectrculat ion system should re-enter the storage tank below the bi tumen surface toprevent ho t b i tumen cascad ing th rough the a i r

Where modif ied bi tumen is placed in a storage tank previously used for straight bi tumenor a di f ferent grade of modif ied bi tumen, the tank shal l be empt ied to the minimumpractrcable level in order to minimize any di lut ion ef fect on the modif ier content of thede l ivered mod i f ied b i tumen.

9.5 Storage Temperature and Time

9.5 .1 The b inder sha l l be s to red a t min imum pumping tempera ture and no t a t theappl icat ion temperature. The binder shal l only be heated to the appl icat ion temperaturelust pr tor to use to l imi t degradat ion of modif ier The binder should not be al lowed tosol id i fy in the storage tank.

Obtain a method statement f rom the suppl ier as the correct handl ing and storagetemperature for the modif ied bi tumen

B

9.5 .2 The fol lowing Table gives gurdance regarding

tRC SP 53-2010

storage temperature and t ime:

Modif ed Brnder Binder Temperature"C at point of mixing

Holding Trme at

Mixing Temperaturelmax )

I pmnAr2 t r r r p f n r

Medium-TimeSioraop Pprind / 'C\

Medium-Time

Storage Period

Blended from

.Snecrfred modif iers1 70-1 85 4 days 130 140 14 days

When modif ied bi tumen is required to be stored at a temperature less than 100'C or atambrent then reheat ing should be done gradual ly and the hot oi l in let temperature orsurface temperature of the heat ing elements must not exceed 200'C. Dur ing reheat ing,the product must be agi tated and recirculated to ensure homogeneity.

1O DESIGN OF MIXES

10.1 The mix design for dense graded bituminous mixes using modified bitumen shallbe done in the same manner as used for conventional bitumen by Marshall Method of MixDesign (MS 2). The requrrements of mixes with modified bitumen are indicated in Table 3.

Table 3 Requi rements of Mix Prepared wi th Modi f ied Bi tumen

s l .No. Propert ies

ReouirementMethod of TestHot C l imate Cold C l imate H i g h

Rain fa l l1 ) [ /arshal l Stabi i i ty (75

blows) at 60"C kg,

M r n r m u m

1 2kN 1 0kN 't2kN MS :2

2) IVarshal l Flow at 60"C

m m1 X q 0 35 -50 3 .0 4 .5 MS: 2

3) lVarshall Quotrent kg/mm Z5U 5UU Stabrl i ty - Flow

4) Vords in compacted mix % 30505 \ lVodif ied Brnder content

by weight of Mix -

Min imum -*

B C - G r a d t n g l . 5 4 0 / o

G r a d r n g 2 . - 5 6 4 / o

S D B C G r a d r n g l - 4 7 %

Grading 2 5 2o/"

DBt \ l - Grad ing l -43o/a

G r a d i n g 2 - 4 7 T o

6) Req uirement of retained

stabil i ty after 24 hours

in water at 60'C %,

lMinrmum

90 95 100 MS2

7) Coatrng with aggregate % 95 95 100 AASHTO T 182

q

IRC SP :53 -2010

. Grad ing 1 & 2 co r responds to lRC. '111 .** Corresponds to speci f ic grav i ty of the Aggregate being2.7 In case aggregate have spe-

c i f ic grav i ty more than 2 7, b i tumen content can be reduced propor t ionate ly Fur ther forregrons where h ighest da i ly mean a i r temperature rs 30 ' )C or lower and lowest dar ly meanai r temperature is - 100C or lower , the b i tumen content may be increased by as much as0 5 percent

11 CONSTRUCTION OPERATION

The hot mix construct ion using modif ied bi tumen should be carr ied out when theatmospher ic temperature is above '15"C. The propert ies of dense graded bi tuminousmixes prepared with modif ied bi tumen shal l be in compl iance with the requirementsg iven in Tab le 3 .

11.1 IRC or MORTH Speci f icat ions and Guidel ines shal l be appl icable forconstruct ion of roads with modif ied bi tumen. There should be at least 2 v ibratoryrol lers, a l ternately, one Vibratory rol ler and one Pneumatic tyre rol ler p laced as c loseto the paver as possible, th is wi l l reduce cool ing of the mix and shal l ensure propercompact ion wi th in the st ipulated t ime. The quant i ty of water used should be enough tocnsure wett ing of the rol ler wheels but excess water should not be used at any cost.

11 .2 The tempera ture o f mix ing and ro l l ing sha l l be h igher than convent iona lbi tuminous mixes. The broad range of temperature at d i f ferent stages is given inTable 4. The exact temperatures depend upon the type and amount of modif ier usedand sha l l be adopted as per adv ice o f supp l ie r .

Table 4 Broad Range of Temperature Requirements for Modif ied Binders

Stage of Work Indicated Temperature ( 'C)

Binder at mix ing 1 65-1 85

Aggregates temperature 165-185

N/ix at mixing planl 1 50-1 70

Mix at laying srte 1 30-1 60

Roil ing at laying site i l J - t J 3

11.3 The speci f icat ions for var ious i tems of road works using modif ied bi tumenare same as those for convent ional grade bi tumen except those for any specialcondi t ions, which the manufacturer of modif ied bi tumen wi l l indicate in technicall i terature of product.

4 AI U

tRC SP 53 2010

11.4 The o ther cont ro l dur ing mix ing , lay ing , sha l l be same as spec i f ied rn lRC 111

for dense aspha l t concre te , semi -dense b i tuminous concre te and dense b i tumrnot rs

macadam respect ively or as indicated in technical l i terature of product.

12 QUALITY ASSURANCE IN STORAGE AND HANDLING OFMODIFIED BITUMEN AND MIXES AT SITE

12.1 The marn ob lec t rve o f the qua l i t y assurance process ts to ensure tha t

produc t supp l red meets the requ i red spec i f i ca t ion and tha t the qua l i t y o f the brnder

be marn tarned un t r l r t rs app l ied From the t ime the produc t i s d ispa tched f rom thc

b lend ing p lan t i t i s exposed to the r i sk o f degradat ron un less the b tnder i s hand led tn

the cor rec t way To ensure tha t the proper t ies o f the app l ied mod i f ied b inder have no t

changed s rgnr f rcant ly f ro rn tha t o f the or ig rna l p roduc t d ispa tched f rom the b lendrng

p lan t , the fo l lowrng qua l i t y con t ro l measures are recommended:

i ) The s r rpp l ie r must conduct the necessarv tes ts on the produc t to

ensuro tha t i t meets the spec i f i ca t ron requ i rements be fore d tspatch tng

the produc t

i i ) Samplc - :s s f rou ld be taken f rom the tanker whr le d ischarg ing the prodLrc t

on-s r te and re ta ined fo r fu r ther tes t rngT in the case o f a d ispute . fhe

sample s ize shou ld no t the less than 1 kg

r r i ) I he re ten t ion sarnp les fo r each ba tch shou ld be kept in the c t ts to r iy

o f the engrneer t r l l the comple t ion o f the pro jec t o r as specr f red in t i re

cont rac t

iv ) t he sLrpp l ie r shou ld supp ly a labora tory cc r t t f t ca te fo r each ba l to i r

s ta t rng thc b rnder p ropcr t ies i i r i s shor r ld rnc lude the indrca t rve tes ts

l i ke sc t f t r , :n tng po in t penet ra t ron , v iscos i ty e las t tc recovery and phasc

separa t ron I he tes ts fo r cor r tp lex modu lus s l ra l l be provrded fo r thc

batch sPec i f rcd bY thc en l ; rneer .

v ) Sar rpp les s i ro r r ld bc taken f ro r r t thc s i te s to rage tank on a da i l y bas is

anc i tcs ted pnor to app l i ca t ion and tes ted fo r penet ra t to r t so f tenrng

porn t . v tscos l ty s to rage s tab i l r t y and to rs rona l recovcry

vr ) f )16duc l r ro t app l r r :d can be re tu rnc 'c j to s to ragc and rc tes ted io r

( ;onrp l rance: p r ro r to fu r t l re r use A l l samples n tus t be c lear ly Iabc : led

wr t i r a l l r r : i cvant r l c tu r ls fo r e ; rsc o f iden t r f l ca t to r t and t raccabt l t t y

. vrr) l t rs r i :comrnc.rrc led that cr : r rc latron testrng be r lotre bt l twccn tht :

t i :oora tor rcs o r supp l ie r and Lrscr hc fo rc comtrer tce :n len t o f the b tnder

s t rpp ly to tcJcn t r fy any var tz l t tons rn tes t resur l ts

1 1

IRC SP :53 -2010

vi i i ) Pr ior to the commencement of a contract , the fu l l spectrum of testsshould be conducted on the f i rst batch of the product to demonstratethe suppl ier 's abi l i ty to comply wi th the speci f icat ion. Thereafter, therespect ive tests are to be conducted at an agreed frequency unlessthere is a change in the source of raw mater ia l (base bi tumen or potymergrade). The suppl ier must also provide a set of curves showing thechanges in the softening point and viscosi ty propert ies wi th t ime for themodif ied bi tumen.

12.2 S i te Qua l i t y Cont ro l P lan

The fol lowing qual i ty control tests are to be carr ied out:; \ The contractor 's product ion programme and the b inder quant i t ies

requi red on a dai ly bas is inc lud ing procedures for order ing producti nc lud ing m in imum lead t imes shou ld be no t i f i ed i n advance .

on -s i t e b inde r s to rage requ i remen ts to mee t t he demand , i nc lud inohea t ing and pump ing requ i remen ts mus t be rnd i ca ted

Env i ronmen t managemen t p lan fo r t he s to rage , sp i l l age and was ted i sposa l o f b inde rs and f l ush ings i s t o be no t i f i ed and me t i cu lous l vfo l lowed.

Mod i f red b i t umen supp l red i n bu l k d rums o r bags sha l l be ag i ta ted / rec i r cu la ted i n ho t cond i t i on us inq su i tab le dev i cc be fo re use ro ensu rchomogener t y o f t he p roduc t .

Manu fac tu re r o f p rop r ie ta ry p roduc ts sha l l be r cspons rb le to p rov idefu l l deta i ls to user for specia l precautrons needed for the i r prodr . rc ts ats t te o r may depu te the r r t echn rca l pe rsonne l r f r cqu r red

MLr l t rp le h r :a t i ng o f modr f i r : d b r tumr :n sha l l be avo rded to re ta rn i t sp remrL lm p rope r t res

13 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA

13 . Samp l rng and c r i t e r ta fo r con fo r rn r t y sha l l con fo rn i t o t he requ r re rnen t o lr s ' 15462 2004

i i )

rrr)

rv)

v )

vr)

4 at /

IRC SP:53-2010

Annex-1(Tabte - 2)

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF COMPLEX MODULUS

Scope

Thts method covers the determinat ion of complex modulus (G-) , Phase angle (Sin t \ )and G-/Sin 5 of modi f ied b i tuminous b inders. This s tandard is appropr ia te for unagedmater ia l and mater ia l aged in th in f i lm oven or ro l l ing th in f i lm oven. A par t icu lates mater ia ltn b inder is l imi ted to par t ic les wi th longest d imensions less than 300 micrometer .

S ign i f i cance and Use

I he test temperature for th is test is re la ted to the temperature exper ienced by thepavemen t tn the geograph ica la rea fo rwh ich the use o f b inde r i s i n tended . The shearmodulus ts an ind icator o f s t i f fness or res is tance of b inder to deformat ion under loada t sp r : c i f r ed tempera tu re . The comp lex (G- ) modu lus and phase ang le (S in i i ) de f i nethc rests t : rnce to deformat ion of the brnder in the v isco-e last ic reg ion. The complexmodulus and phase angle are used to evaluate per formance aspect o f modi f iedbr tumcn, rarhere e last ic , recovery is ins ign i f icant .

Summary o f Tes t Me thod

Ih ts s tandard con ta tns the p rocedure used to measure the comp lex modu lus (G- )phasc ang le ( s in [ ) and shear modu lus (G- / S rn d ) o f b inde rs us ing a Dynamic Shearf i i reorr te tcr (DSR) and para l le l p la te test geometry . The standard is su i tab le for usewhcn the comp lex modu lus (G- ) va r i es be tween 100 Pa and 10 Mpa . The range o ftcst te- .nrp i : ra ture l res in between 35cC and B50C depending upon grade, type andcond t t t on tng o f t he tes t samp le Tes t spec imen o f 1mm th i ck , 25 mm d iamete r o r 2mnr t i r r ck and B mm d iamete r as p repa red be tween pa ra l l e l me ta l p la tes . Dur ing thetcst rnq, one of the para l le l p la tes is osc i l la ted wi th respect to the other at pre-se lectedf requcncy and ro ta t rona l de fo rma t ion amp l i t udes The requ i red amp l i t udes dependupon ihe va l t res o f comp lex shear modu lus o f b inde rs be ing tes ted . The requ r rcda r - i rp l t t uc les depend upon the va lues o f comp lex shear modu lus o f b rnde rs be rng tes tedfhc t cs t ' spec rmen i s ma in ta ined a t t he tes t t empera tu re wr th in + 0 10C by hea t i ng andcoo l rng o f upper and l ower p la tes The recommended f requency o f t es t rng r s 1O rad /sThe comp lex modu lus (G . ; and phase ang le (S in i i ) a re ca l cu la ted as apa r t o f t heopera t ron o f t he rheomete r us rng so f tware ava r lab le wr th the equ ipmen t

l . )

rRC SP 53-2010

Test Equ ipment

The test equtpment comprises fo l lowing i tems:a) Dynamic Shear Rheometerlesfsysfem-Adynamicshearrheometer

cons is t ing o f para l le l meta l p la tes , an env i ronmenta l chamber , a load inodevice and a control and data acquis i t ion system.

b) Test Plates - Metal test p lates wi th pol ished surface, one g t 0.5 mmin d iameter and one 25 t 0 .05 mm in d iameter . The base p la te in somerheometer is a f lat p late.

c) Environmental Chamber-A chamber for controll ing the test specimentemperature by heat ing or cool ing. The medium for heat ing and cool ingthe spec imen in the env i ronmenta l chamber i s e i ther a gas or l iqu idthat wi l l not af fect b inder propert ies The temperature in the chambermay be control led by the c i rculat ion of f lu id or condi t ioned gas. Whenthe a i r i s used as med ium a su i tab le d r ie r must be inc luded to p reventcondensat ion of moisture on the prates and f ixture.

d) Temperature Controller - A temperature controller capableof maintaining specimen temperature wi th in t 0.10C for the testtemperature ranging from 35 to 85oC is needed. A resistance thermaldetector mounted inside the environmental chamber, in int imate wi thf ixed plate wi th a range of 35 to 850C readable to the nearest 0.10C. Thedetector shal l be used to control the temperature in the chamber andprovide cont inuous read out of the temperature dur ing the mount ing,condi t ioning and test ing of the specimens.

e) Loading Device - The loading device shal l be capable to apply asinusoidal osci l latory load to the specimen at the f requency of 1Orad/s. The loading device shal l be capable of providing ei ther a stress-control led load. l f the load is strain control led the loading shal l apply acycl ic torque suff ic ient to cause an angular rotat ional strain accuratetowith in 100 micron radian of the strain speci f ied. l f the toad rs stresscontrol led, the loading device shal l apply a cycl ic torque accurate towithin 1 0mN.m of the torque speci f ied. Total system compttance to 100N.m to rque sha l l be <2m. rad /N.m.

f) Control and Data Acquisit ion Sysfem - The control and dataacquis i t ion system shal l provide a record of temperature, f requency,def lect ion angle and torque. The system shal l be capable to record

nd calculate the shear stress, shear strain, complex shear modulusand phase angle of b inder at speci f ied test temperature.

14

i )

rRC SP 53-2010

Specimen Mould - A s i l icone rubber mould for preparat ion of testsoec imen.

Specimen Tr immer - A specimen rubber mould for preparat ion of testspecrmen.

Calibrated Temperature Detector - A calibrated thermocouple,thermistor, or Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) wi th a th icknessor d rameter < 2 .0 mm is sur tab le fo r measur ing the tempera ture o f adummy spec imen sample o f b inder . Thermocoup les and thermis to rsare no t re l iab le to t 0 .10C un less ca l ib ra ted to a s tandard t raceab leto the Nat ional Inst i tute of Standard and Technology (NIST) and mustbe cal ibrated with associated meters or c i rcui t ry. Plat inum RTDs aretypical ly not sui table because they are too large to f i t in the gapsbetween the plates in the DSR.

Preparat ion of Test Specimen

A d isk o f b inder w i th d iameter equa l to the osc i l la t ing p la te (o f ten ca l led a sp ind le ) o fthe DSR is needed for test ing. There are two ways to prepare the sample for test ing(1) B i tumen b inder can be poured d i rec t l y on to the sp ind le in su f f i c ien t quant i t y toprovide the appropr iate th ickness of mater ia l , or (2) a mould can be used to form thedisk of mater ia l to be tested. Then the disk can be place between the spindle and f ixedplate of DSR. In the f i rst method, operator should have suff ic ient exper ience to applyexact quant i ty of b inder. In the second method, binder is heated unt i l f lu id to pour. Theheated binder is poured in to a rubber mould and al lowed to cool . The mould consist ingof binder may be placed in a refr igerator unt i l i t at ta ins sol id consistency. Then thesample is removed from the mould and placed between the f ixed plate and osci l lat ingsp ind le o f the DSR. The excess b inder beyond the edge o f the sp ind le shou ld betr immed. Regardless of the method used for preparat ion of the specimen, the f inalstep in prepar ing the specimen is to s l ight ly readjust the gap between the spindle andthe lower p la te so tha t a s l igh t bu lge is ev ident near the edge o f the sp ind le . The s tep isnormal ly occurr ing immediately pr ior to the test ing. The thickness of the bi tumen brnderdisk sandwiched between the spindle and f ixed plate must be careful ly control led.The proper specimen thickness is achieved by adjust ing the gap between the spindleand f ixed plate. This gap must be set before mount ing the binder sample, but whi lespindle and base plate are mounted in the rheometer at the test temperature, the gaprs adjusted by means of a micrometer wheel . The micrometer wheel is graduatedusua l ly in un i ts o f m ic ron . Turn ing the whee l a l lows prec ise pos i t ion ing the sp ind le andbase plate related to each other. On some rheometer, the micrometer wheel movesthe sp ind le down. On o ther , i t moves the base p la te up . Th ickness o f the gap depends

Y )

n)

IRC:SP:53-2010

on the test temperature. High test temperature of 460C or greater requrre a smat lgap o f 1 mm. H igh tempera ture measurement requ i res a la rge sp ind le (25 mm) andlow temperature a smal l spindle (8 mm). With the specimen mounted, the operatorshal l set the gap at the desired value of 1,000 or 2,000 micron. After the specimen istr immed f lush with upper plate, the extra 50-micron is dialed so that gap is exacly atthe desired value and specimen bulges sl ight ly.

Test Procedure

Bring the specimen to the test temperature + 0.10C. After the sample is correcly inplace and test temperature appear stable then al low the specimen for 1O minutesminimum at the set temperature of the specimen to equi l ibrate. The actual temperatureequ i l ib ra t ion t ime is equ ipment dependent and shou ld be checked us ing a dummyspecimen with very accurate temperature sensing capabi l i t ies.

When operat ing in a strain control mode, test ing consists of using the rheometersoftware to select appropr iate strain value as under:

When operat ing in a st i 'ess control led mode, select an appropr iate stress level usingsoftware as under

Material KPa Target Stress, % Stress Range, %Original binder 1.0 (G. /Sin d) 012 0 09-0 15TFOT residue 2.2 (c./Sin d) 022 0.18-0 26

Test ing consists of usrng rheometer sof tware to set the DSR to apply a constantosci l lat ing stress and recording the resui t ing strain and t ime lag. The speci f icat ionrequ i res osc i l la t ion speed to 10 rad /s , wh ich is approx imate ly 1 .59 hz . Acomputer i sused with DSR to control test parameter and record test resul ts. The operator neednot worry about set t ing the value of appl ied stress. Instead, the operator should setthe approximate value of shear strain. Shear strain values vary f rom 1-12 percentand depend on the st i f fness of the binder being used. Relat ively sof t mater ia ls testedat high temperature are tested at strain values of approximately 10-12 percent. Hardmater ia ls are tested at strain value of about 1 percent. In the in i t ia l stage of the test ,rheometer measures the stress required to achieve the set shear strain and thenmaintain th is stress very precisely dur ing the test . The shear strain can vary smal lamounts f rom the set value to achieve the constant stress. Var iatron in shear strain isnormal ly control led by rheometer sof tware. In the beginning of the test , the sample is

Material KPa Tarqet Strain, % Strain Ranqe, %Oriqinal binder '1 0 (G./Sin 6) 4 a

t t 9-1 5TFOT residue 2 2 (G./Sin o) 10 B-12

t 0

IRC:SP:53-2010

f i rs t cond i t ioned by load ing the spec imen fo r '10 cyc les and then 10 add i t iona l cyc les

are appl ied to obtain test data. The rheometer sof tware automat ical ly computes and

reports values of complex modulus (G.) and phase angle (Sin 6).

Interpretat ion of Resul ts and Data Presentat ion

The complex modulus (G-) and phase angle (Sin 6) decrease with increasing shear

strain. A l inear region may be def ined as smal l region where the modulus is relat ively

independent o f shear s t ra in . Th is reg ion w i l l vary w i th magn i tude o f complex modu lus .

The l inear region is def ined as range in strains where the complex modulus isg5 oercent or more of the zero strain value. The shear stress var ies near ly f rom 0 at

the centre of the plates to a maximum at the extremit ies of the plate per imeter The

shear stress rs calculated from the appl ied or measured torque, measured or appl ied

strarn and the geometry of the test specimen. For the present speci f icat ion only, values

of G. and Srn 6 are required. A complete report includes fol lowing parameters:

a) G* to the nearest three signi f icant f igures,

b) Srn t r to the nearest 0.1 degrees,

c) Test plate s ize to nearest 0 '1 mm and gap to nearest 1 ptm,

d) Test temperature to the nearest 0. '10C,

e) Test f requency to the nearest 0.1 radls, and

0 St ra in ampl r tude to the neares t 0 .01 percent .

The test temperature as per requtrement of speci f icat ion for complex modulus value of

l kPa (G-/Sin d) for or ig inal b inder and 2.2 kPa (G./Sin 5) for residue of th in f i lm over

test shal l be calculated from the plot of (G./Sin 5) and temperature for compl iance of

specrf icat ion.

17

tRC SP 53-20 '10

Annex-2(Table 2)

METHOD FOR ELASTIC RECOVERY TEST

The elastic recovery of modified bitumen is evaluated by comparing recovery of thread afterconditioning specimen for t hour at specified temperature and the specimen is elongatedupto 10 cm deformation in a ducti l i ty machine. This is mainly intended to assess degreeof bitumen modification and quality of modified bitumen. The cross-section of thread shallbe as shown in Fig. 1. This is a simple test intended to optimize dose of polymeric and/orrubber additive in bitumen and help in assessing quality of PMB/RMB in laboratory.

Apparatus

Ductil i ty Machine: Conforming to specification given in lS:1208-1978 and mould isshown in F ig . 1 .

Thermomefer.'An ASTM 630C thermometer or anv other standard thermometer ofequ iva len t range.

Scissors; Any type of convent ional scissors capable of cut t ing modif ied bi tumen atthe test temperature.

Scale. Any transparent scale of measur ing duct i l i ty upto 25 cm with t 1 mm accuracy.

r-^l

A 36.5 + 0.1 mmB 30.0 + 0.1 mmC 17.0+0. .1 mmD 10,0 + 0.1 rnntE 10.0 + 0.1 mm

Fig. 1 Design of Mould for Elastic Recovery Test

_l*-* _.D_r---__I

1B

IRC:SP 53-2010

Proced u re

prepare three test specimens for one sample and condition as prescribed in Test Method

lS 12OB at specified temperature. Elongate the test specirnen at the specified rate to a

deformatron 1 O cm at a rate of 5 t 0.25 cm/minute at specified temperature. lmmediately cut

the test specimen into two halves at the midpoint using the scissors. Keep the test specimen

in the water bath in an undisturbed condition for '1 hour at specified temperature.

After the t hour t ime per iod, move the elongated hal f of the test specimen back into

posi t ion near the f ixed hal f of the test specimen so that the two pieces of modif ied

bi tumen lust touch. Record the length of the recombined specimen as X.

Report

Calculate the per cent/elast ic recovery by the fo l lowing procedure

Elast ic Recovery (%) ='10-x

x '100{0

19

rRC SP 53-2010

Annex-3(Table 2)

METHOD FOR SEPARATION TEST

Scope

The separa t ion o f mod i f ie r and b i tumen dur ing ho t s to rage is o f ten seen and th is canbe eva lqa ted by compar ing the r ing and ba l l so f ten ing po in t o f the top and bo t tompor t ton samples taken f rom a cond i t ioned, po lymer o r rubber mod i f ied b i tumen in asca led tubes o f mod i f ied b i tumen in a ver t i ca l pos i t ion a t 163 r 5oC in an oven fo r aper rod o f 48 hours .

Appara tus

A lumtnum Tubes. 25 .4 mm in d rameter and 136.7 mm long b l ind a luminum tubes .

Oven Capab le o f ma in ta in ing 163 t 5cC

Freezer . Capab le o f ma in ta in ing 6"7 + 50C

Rack Capab le o f suppor t i r rg the a luminum tubes in a ver t i ca l pos i t ion in the oven andfreezer

Spatu la and Hammer The spatu la must be r ig id and sharp to a l low cu t t ing o f the tubecontarn ing the sample when a t a low tempera ture .

Procedure

Place the empty tube, w i th sea led end down in the rack Heat the sample care fu l l yunt i l suf f rc ient ly f lu id to pour. Care should be taken to prevent local ized over-heat ing.Pass the n to l ten sample th rough lS s ieve 600 mic ron mess s ize . A f te r th rough s t i r r ing ,pour 50 0 g in to the ver t i ca l l y he ld tube. Fo ld the excess tube over two t imes, andcr rmp and sea l . P lace the rack conta in ing the sea led tubes in a oven main ta ined a ta temperature of '163 t 50C Al low the tubes to stand undisturbed in the oven for aper iod of 48 t 4 hour At the end of the per iod, remove the rack f rom the oven ancjplace tmmedtately in the f reezer at6.7 + 50C, taking care to keep the tubes in a vert icalpos i t ion a t a l l t imes. Leave the tubes in the f reezer fo r a min imum of 4 hours to so l id i fythe sample completely. Upon removing the tube from the freezer, p lace i t on a f latsur face . Cut the tube in to th ree equa l leng th por t ions w i th the kn i fe . D iscard the cent ra lpor t ton o f sample and p lace the top and bo t tom por t ions o f the tube ln to separa te

20

rRC SP 53-20 '10

beakers P lace the beaker in to a 163 t 50C oven un t i l the br tumen rs su f f i c ren t ly f lu td

to remove the preces o f a lumrnum tube. A f te r thorough ly s t i r r ing , pour the top and

bot tom samples rn to appropr ra te ly marked r ings fo r the r ing and ba l l so f ten ing porn t

test Prepare the rrngs and bal l apparatus according to Test Method lS 1205 The top

and bo t tom sanrp les f rom the same tube shou ld be tes ted a t the same t ime

Repor t

Report the di f ference, In 0C, between thc sof tenrng points of thc respecttve top and

bot to rn samples as average o f th ree spec lmens

a 1L I

o f

r f t c sP 53 20 .10

Annex-4(C/ar,,.se 8.3)

TORSION RECOVERY OF MODIFIED BINDERS

1 . Scope

Ih rs tes t method se ts ou tpo lymer modr f red b inders

2 . Def in i t ion

tne procedur i : for the determrnatron of torsronar recovervus lng a sample bo l t and cup assembly

A s rmple means o f de terminrng the e las t i c p roper t res o f a po ly rner -mod i f red brnder rsto measure r ts Torsronal recovery.

3 . Appara tus

3 '1 A cy l rndr rca l headed a lumin ium bo i t assernb ly as i l l us t ra ted rn F igure 2 wr tha to ta l mass o f 451 5 g The bo l t has a cy l rndr ica i head w i th a d iameter o t 286 mnrand a th rckness o f g 52 mm The th readed shank o f the bo l t i s 44 .s mm long Ameta lsp tder w i th th ree rad ia l p rns and two nu ts , can be used to cent re the assembly Apotn ter i s requ i red fo r ang le measurements rn the absence o f the sprder see F ig 1 fo rde ta i l s o f th is assembry and the op t ionar components

ImenvnIr;\l' ---:\#--fX,-_*'_-{ ssmm\ / " " . . -

\ J / \-*-*"--

Iotalmass ofspider,

nuls, shattand d iskassernbly

4 5 9

Not Drawn to Scale Tolerance on mass lg, d imenslons 0.1 mm

Fig. 2 Cyl indr ica l Headed Alumin ium Bol t Assembly

Spider with 3arms qrooved to

assist ini t ial locationwilh the r in of thepenetrat jon cup.

n aL 1

3 .3 An anq le -mcasur rng dev tce and samp le c lamp assemb ly , o r an a l t e rna t r vemeans o f c lamprng the sa rnp le /bo l t assemb ly and de te rm in ing the i n i t i a l and recove redang le The recommendcd dev tce p rov tdes a sca le , o f BO mm rad ius and g radua tedrn deg rees a round a t l eas t ha l f r t s c r r cumfe rence and a c lamp capab le o f ho ld ing thesamp le cup w t th tn 3 mm o f r t s cen t re and w i thou t l g fn rmrnn rho n 'n hy f i 1o fe than3 mm In any d i r ec t ron

3.4 A water bath capable of operat ing at 25oC + 0.soc, f i t ted wi th an approprratethermorneter

3 .5 A d ry ing oven , t he rmos ta t i ca l l y con t ro l l ed and capab le o f ma in ta in ing atempcrature of 6OoC to 200oC wi th a set po int accLl racy of + 5oC

3.6 A stop watch

3.2

3 .7

4 .

tRC SP 53 -2C10

A samp le t i n cy l rnd r rca l f l a t bo t tomed and 55 mm in d iamete r

A spanner to su r t t he bo l t assemb ly

Method

Ihe to rs rona l recove ry appara lus ope ra tcs by rnanua l l y ro ta t rnq an a lum in rum bo l t .p rcv rous l y cmbedded in a c r - tp o f modr f i cd b rnde r th rough an ang ie o f 180 deg recsand n rcasu r rng the cx tc :n t o f re , . cove ry o f t he o r rq rna l app l red ro ta t i on The i n r t ra l180 dcg ree tw ts t r s app l i ed w i th a spanner ove r a 10 second pc r rod The recovo ry

af ter 30 seconds rs repor ted

4 .1 Prepare the samp le as desc r ibed i n Me ' thod MU 2 Assemb le the bo l t , sp ide r

and nu ts to pos i t ron the su r face o f t he bo l t head B t 2 mm be low the top o f t he sa rnp le

cL rp [ ) rehea t t he assemb ly and cup to 180"C and pou r the mod i f red b rnde r i n to the t rn

assenrb l y un t r l i t beg ins to fo rm men iscus on the top su r face o f t he bo l t

4.2 Test ing

A l l ow the asse rnb ly to coo l f o r one hou r by l eav rng r t t o s tand a t roo rn tempera tu rc(25" t 3uC). Adlust the assembly herght to kecp the top sur face of the boi t f lush wi th t l rc :

samp le ' su r face P iace the assemb ly i n to the 25oC wa te r ba th and a l l ow i t t o s tab i l i ze :

f o r one hou r ( see No te 61 )Ad lus t t he sp ide r t o a pos i t i on 7 t 2 mm above t he r i r n

and re tu rn the assemb ly to thc ba th P lace the samp le assemb ly on thc base -p ia l t :

and ' f r t t he po rn te r t o t he 180 deg ree pos t t t on wr thou t d rs tL r rb rng the samp le Us rng l he :

spanner tu rn the bo l t rnov rng the po rn te r f rom the ' 180 deg ree pos i t ron to the ze ro

Z J

rRC SP 53-2010

position using a steady motion for 10 seconds. Re/ease the bolt when the pornter

reaches the zero position and commence timing (see Note 6.3). Record the recovered

angle af ter 30 seconds as 'A' '

5 . Ca lcu la t ion

The torsional recovery is given by the fol lowing equat ion:

Tors iona l recovery ' % =Ax 100180

where A = Recovered angle in degrees. when the scale presented in Figure 3 is

used, the tors ional recovery is read direct ly '

6 . Notes

6.1 The test snould be conducted in an air-condi t ioned laboratory at 25 t 3oc'

Al ternat ively, the test can be conducted within the water bath.

6.2 The rate at which the torque is applied to the sample is crit ical for reproducible

resurts. The objective is to apply 180 degrees of rotation in 10 seconds. Fig. 3 presents a

practical scale marked from zero (0 degree) to 1O (180 degrees) to help with this task'

5 1 o

klading tims in ses0n{l$

Fig. 3 Practical Scale Marked from 0 to 10 Seconds (0 to 100 percent Recovery)

80 Percent recovery A0

a AL A

6 .3

any lme

6 .4

lRC SP 53-20 '10

The spider assembly should not come into contact wi th the r im of the cup at

durrng the recoverY Phase.

The fo l low ing precaut ions shou ld be taken when hand l ing a l l b i tumens:

a) Eye protect ion, such as safety glasses and/or face shields, shal l be

worn when hand l ing ho t b i tumen '

b) Heat resistant g loves, with close fitt ing cuffs and other su itab le p rotective

c lo th ing sha i l be worn when hand l ing ho t b i tumen '

c ) There sha l l be no smok ing wh i le hand l ing ho t b i tumen.

d) Whi le the mater ia l is st i l l cold, loosen the l id of the sample contatner

( invert the can and warm the l id, i f necessary), or punch a hole in the

t id

7. AccePtabi l i tY of Resul ts

The fol lowing cr i ter ia could be used for judging acceptabi l i ty of resul ts.

Property Units ofPrec is ion

Repeatabi l i tY(r)

Reproduc ib i l i tY(R)

TorsionalRecovery

Un i ts o fmeasurement( - )

0 09r /m (100-m) 0 30r lm (100-m)

Where ,m' is the mean test resul t ( . ) Whi le actual resul t for these propert les are

calculated in percent, the gener ic term "unrts of measurement" is preferred to avoid any

confusion between the absolute value (percent) or percentage of the actual value'

25