IQ Testing
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Transcript of IQ Testing
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Are you really as smart as you think you are? And how you can
find out
Phrenology
Craniometry
The Dilemma:Mustard Seed or Ball Bearings
Alfred Binet
Tried to identify mentally retarded children.
Came up with the first IQ test
Mental Age Chronological Age
IQ =
A 4 year old who can answer questions that a typical 6 year old could answer would have an IQ of 150
Distinguishing Ignorance from Stupidity?
Mean = 100 Standard Deviation = 15
130+ = Gifted
145+ = Genius
70- = Moron
55- = Imbecile
25- = Idiot
Componential Intelligence – skills involving metacognition, knowledge acquisition
Experiential Intelligence – Being able to apply knowledge to novel situations
Contextual Intelligence – Common sense
The Savant Problem
Brain Damaged Cases
Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences
1) Linguistic2) Mathematical 3) Spatial4) Kinesthetic5) Musical 6) Interpersonal7) Intrapersonal 8) Naturalist/Spiritual
Alan Turing and his famous test
Don’t forget Demo
What evidence would be necessary to persuade you that an animal was intelligent?
Continuum vs. Discrete Measures of Intelligence
Face Validity – The extent to which a test appears to test-takers to be validContent Validity – How well a test provides a representation of the content domainCriterion Validity – How well the test predictsConstruct Validity – Does the content domain measure what its supposed to
Multiple Choice – Easy to administer, hard to find good distracter items.
Likert Scale – Item in which you rate on a scale your level of agreement: even vs. odd
Q-sorts – checklist of adjectives: susceptible to context effects
Free response – Need a coding Scheme
Double Barreled Questions:
“I didn’t vote for Gore because I didn’t like his stance on affirmative action”
Redundant Items Lower Content Validity by Over-sampling parts of the content domain.
Mix positive and negative questions to overcome positive response bias.
Ambiguous Items lower validity:
To what extent to you agree with the following:
“An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”
Turn the other cheek vs. I’ll hurt them twice as much as they hurt me…
Ambiguous Items lower validity:
“I’m constantly searching my room for bugs”
Demand Characteristics:Thank you for your participation in this study. You have submitted photographs of yourself, and these have been reviewed by 100 raters, at least 98 of whom have classified you as "extremely unattractive." We believe that especially unattractive people such as yourself generally have low self-esteem and feel nervous about interactions with other people. Please keep this in mind as you fill out the following survey.
Standardization
Expectation effects
Reinforcing Responses
Restricted Range Problems
Simpson’s Paradox Revisited
Feedback and the Barnum Effect
Do Demo Now
1) Intelligence is a tricky concept and is not as easily defined as one might think.
2) Testing is difficult, and many tests have problems that you need to be aware of.
Take and evaluate online tests
2-3 pages, doubles spaced, normal font and margins
You can discuss this with your classmates, but the final analysis must be your own