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IPv6 Deployment: Opportunities and Challenges

Lao Expo 201614 Dec 2016Sheryl (Shane) Hermoso

Outline• Global and regional IPv6 adoption

• IPv6 deployment in Laos

• IPv6 trends, challenges and opportunities 

• IPv6 deployment use cases 

• Training and capacity-building efforts

So what is IPv6?

• Two different Internets

• NOT interoperable

• There’s a need to upgrade/migrate/transition to IPv6

IPv6 is the new protocol standard that solves the IPv4 address limitation

IPv4 vs IPv6

IPv4 = 232 or 4.3B

IPv4 and IPv6 are represented differently

IPv6: 2128 or 3.4x1038

IPv4 = 192.168.1.100 IPv6 = 2001:DB8::ABCD

There are more IPv6 addresses than IPv4

IPv6 Adoption Status by Google

Native IPv6 adoption: 12.24%

https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html

IPv6 is already being deployed around the world

IPv6 Deployment Worldwide

IPv6 Preferred: 8.48 IPv6 Capable: 6.98(as at 10 Dec 2016)

~40% increase since start of 2016

http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XA

IPv6 Deployment in the Region

IPv6 Deployment in the Region

IPv6 Preferred: 2.65IPv6 Capable: 2.48(as at 10 Dec 2016)

Average in the sub-region is lower than worldwide adoption

http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XU?o=cXDw1x1r1

IPv6 Capability (South East Asia)

2011-10

2012-05

2012-12

2013-07

2014-02

2014-09

2015-04

2015-11

2016-06

0

5

10

15

20

25BNKHIDLAMYMMPHSGTHTLVN

% IP

v6 C

apab

le

IPv6 Deployment in the Region

http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XU?o=cXDw1x1r1

IPv6 Deployment in Malaysia

IPv6 Preferred: 14.8IPv6 Capable: 13.44(as at 10 Dec 2016)

Highest in the Southeast Asia sub-region

IPv6 Deployment in Vietnam

Huge increase only within the year 2016 IPv6 Preferred: 14.8

IPv6 Capable: 13.44(as at 10 Dec 2016)

All About Laos6,970,272 people

996,748 users

14% penetration

19 ASes

$12.33B GDP

IPv4 12 in BGP

71,168 addresses

0.01 per head

94% visible

IPv6 2 in BGP

30,064 M addresses

4,313 per head

0% visible

0% capability

Have you adopted IPv6?

2010 2012 2014 20160

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5 Number of IPv6 Delegations9 IPv6

delegations for LA

IPv6 Deployment in Laos

http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/LA

How to Deploy IPv6?IPv6-only IPv4 and IPv6 TranslationAccess to IPv6 only; IPv4 network is unreachable

Provides access to both IPv4 and IPv6 networks

IPv6 internal, use translation mechanism to access IPv4 (or vice versa)

Typical deployments are for research purposes

Typically implemented in ISP backbone

Mobile networks run IPv6, use SP-NAT to access IPv4

Native IPv6 Dual-stack NAT64, 464XLAT, and so forth

IPv4 Only Network

IPv4 Internet

IPv4 host

IPv4+IPv6 host

Subscriber Network IPv4-only SP Network Internet

IPv4

CustomerRouter

IPv6 host

IPv6 Internet

IPv6

Network grows as long as IPv4 addresses are available

Dual-Stack Network

IPv4 Internet

IPv4 host

IPv4+IPv6 host

Subscriber Network Dual-Stack SP Network Internet

IPv4

CustomerRouter

IPv6 host

IPv6 Internet

IPv6

IPv6 available to customersNetwork grows as long as IPv4 is available

Dual-Stack with SP NAT

IPv4 Internet

IPv4 host

IPv4+IPv6 host

Subscriber Network Dual-Stack SP Network using RFC1918 addresses

Internet

IPv4

CustomerRouter

IPv6 host

IPv6 Internet

IPv6

SP NATSharing IPv4 address(es)

IPv6 available all the way to customerSP NAT translates IPv6 traffic to access IPv4

IPv6 Only Network

IPv6Internet

IPv6 host

IPv4+IPv6 host

Subscriber Network IPv4-only SP Network Internet

IPv4

CustomerRouter

IPv4 host

IPv4 Internet

IPv6

Challenges to IPv6• Extra technology cost

– Equipment purchases and upgrades with IPv6 support

• Content availability

• IPv6 performance and security concerns

IPv6 Performance• Enough data accumulated to analyze IPv6 performance

• APNIC R&D; Geoff Huston’s recent study– Presented @ APRICOT 2016 (Feb, 2016)

Is IPv6 as “robust” as IPv4?Measurements: do all TCP connection attempts succeed?

Connection failure = Un-matching incoming SYN and ACK

IPv4 connection failure sits at 0.2%IPv6 connection failure sits at 1.8%

Came down largely since 2012 (around 5%)Still some space to improve

http://www.potaroo.net/presentations/2016-02-10-ad-measurement.pdf

Is IPv6 as “fast” as IPv4? (use of IPv6 unicast)Chronological comparison of RTT since 2012

RTT measurements from the SYN-ACK exchange

IPv6 as fast as IPv4IPv6 is faster about half of the time

IPv6 Performance

http://www.potaroo.net/presentations/2016-02-10-ad-measurement.pdf

• Enough data accumulated to analyze IPv6 performance

• APNIC R&D, Geoff Huston’s recent study– Presented @ APRICOT 2016 (Feb, 2016)

Mobility in Today’s Internet- Geoff Huston

Mobiles are now 48% of all visible

devices

https://labs.apnic.net/presentations/store/2015-11-20-mobiles.pdf

Mobile

Desktop

TabletConsole

Mobile access services represent

75% of all Access Provider revenue

IPv6 in Mobile Networks • Mobile devices and IPv6

– Android supports 464XLAT transition technology – Apple iOS 9 supports IPv6 only network services (Aug 2015)

• All apps submitted to the App Store must support IPv6 starting in early 2016

• Alcatel Lucent‘Introducing IPv6 into mobile network reduces the CG-NAT bandwidth required by the mobile operator resulting in reduced CAPEX'

– Whitepaper published in April 2015• 464XLAT in mobile networks: IPv6 migration strategies for mobile networks

https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=08282015a

https://www.apnic.net/community/ipv6-program/IPv6_Migration_Strategies_for_Mobile_Networks_Whitepaper.pdf

IPv6 in Mobile Networks• Verizon Wireless (USA)

– Deployed dual stack transition technology in 2011

• T-Mobile USA (USA)– Deployed IPv6 transition technology

(464XLAT) in Oct 2012

• Telstra Australia (Australia)– Testing IPv6 transition technology

(464XLAT) since 2011• Final stage of testing 464XLAT • Started in Aug/Sept 2016

• SK Telecom (Korea)– Deployed IPv6 transition technology (464XLAT)

in July 2014– Why did SKT adopt IPv6 in their mobile

networks?• CAPEX for Network Address Translator (NAT)

equipment • Difficult to operate duplicated networks • Korean government’s encouragement

• FPT (Vietnam)– Began IPv6 trial for 200,000 customers in 2012– Started transition in 2016 with aim of providing

IPv6 to 500,000 by year-end– Complete roll-out of IPv6 connectivity to all

customers planned for 2017

T-Mobile USA

http://www.worldipv6launch.org/apps/ipv6week/measurement/images/graphs/T-MobileUSA.png

48.99% (May 2016)

Oct 2012, 464XLAT deployed

74.47% (Dec 2016)

FPT Telecom (VN)

http://www.worldipv6launch.org/apps/ipv6week/measurement/images/graphs/FPTTelecom.png

21.38 % (Dec 2016)

Observations• IPv6 end-user readiness is increasing across the region

– Varies among region, economies, networks

• Key market players taking lead on IPv6 continues to have sizable impact on economy-wide IPv6 readiness

• Once IPv6 is enabled in a network, end-user readiness tends to grow rapidly

• Initial roll-out generally followed by expansion to smaller markets and regional ISPs as well as content, cloud, cable TV, and other service providers

IAB Statement on IPv6

https://www.iab.org/2016/11/07/iab-statement-on-ipv6/

Networking standards need to fully support IPv6

APNIC-ITU Capacity-Building Efforts

“IPv6 Transition Strategies and Technologies” Workshop Vientiane,

Laos - August 2014

“IPv6 Infrastructure Workshop”Phnom Penh, Cambodia – July

2016

APNIC IPv6 Capacity-Building in the Region

• Apart from this partnership, APNIC has also conducted a number of outreach programs – IPv6 workshop in May 2014– Member development in Jun 2014 – this is to coordinate more and

meet Members’ needs– APNIC Regional Meeting – 2015– IPv6 Address Planning & Deployment Technical Assistance (TA)

Program

Workshop on IPv6 Adoption by ASEAN government agencies.• APNIC and the Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA)

have conducted workshop on IPv6 adoption by ASEAN government agencies

• Part of ASEAN Telecommunications Senior Officials Meeting (TELSOM) and ASEAN Telecommunications Regulators’ Council (ATRC) joint working group meeting held in Jakarta from 9 to 12 May 2016

• APNIC Presented four stage strategy to deploy IPv6 for government

IPv6 Deployment Stages

IPv6@APNIC

www.apnic.net/ipv6

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