IPC/FIS Alpine Skiing

Structure and Rules

June 2006

IPC Sports Assembly Executive Committee

(SAEC) Alpine and Nordic Skiing

To accomplish the tasks and responsibilities for

the management of Alpine and Nordic

Skiing for skiers with a disability as per the IPC

Handbook.

To delegate practical tasks of the organisation

of competitions to the Competition Working

Groups for Alpine and Nordic Skiing.

To appoint officials to competitions (IPC TD).

To draft agreements with competition

organisers.

To develop the sport.

IPC Competition Working Groups

Alpine and Nordic Skiing To prepare rules for Disabled Skiing, adapted

from the FIS ICR 300 Articles (Cross-Country) and

600 (Alpine Skiing) with additional rules for

athletes with a disability.

To prepare specific rules for any Series (World

Cup, etc.).

To operate points/ranking systems for all skiing

competitions for the Disabled.

To establish calendar of events.

To create pathways to develop the sport.

FIS Sub-Committee for Skiers with a Disability (liaison

group) The FIS Sub-Committee is a group of members

proposed by their National Ski Association that are also

members of the respective IPC Alpine Skiing and IPC

Nordic Skiing Committees and comprising a

chairperson, two (2) members each for Alpine and

Nordic Skiing and other FIS disciplines co-opted as its

development progresses.

The FIS Sub-committee was officially established under

the structure mentioned above in May 2004.

The FIS Sub-Committee’s role

To serve as a liaison between IPC and FIS in order for the

members to attend meetings of the FIS Technical

Committees and follow developments within FIS in areas

such as rules, equipment,Technical Delegate (TD) education,

etc. and will report back to the respective IPC Committee

and their Competition Working Groups.

To liaise with FIS TD Sub-Committees for the assignment of

FIS TD at Disabled competitions and to collaborate in an

exchange programme offering FIS TD the opportunity to

participate in IPC activities.

To maintain contact with the FIS Office (Headquarters) for

obtaining existing FIS technical documentation, such as

checklists and FIS rules.

Disabled Classes & Categories

Categories Classes

Blind Skiers B1-B3

Sitting Skiers LW10-LW12

Standing Skiers LW1-LW9

Please see the handout for an explanation of the Classes

To be used in combination with the FIS Alpine ICR as approved during FIS - Congress Vilamoura (POR) 2006.Valid until 1 October 2007

IPC Alpine Skiing Rule Book

Section 1. Regulations

200 Rules :

Joint Regulations for all Competitions

This rules go in accordance with the IPC Handbook, therefore any change has to be approved by the IPC.

ASD License

203.1. Every athlete has to pay the ASD license fee of EUR

50.00 per season by 1 October. For the Southern

Hemisphere the deadline is 1 July. When paying after

these deadlines, the fee is EUR 100.00. After paying the

ASD license fee, the athlete will be included in the ASD

Points List for the Disabled. The race season starts on 1

May and ends on 30 April the following year. Each

athlete in a B sport class is required to pay the ASD

license fee of EUR 100.00 per season by 1 October. This

amount includes payment for the athlete’s Guide. For the

Southern Hemisphere the deadline is 1 July. When paying

after these deadlines, the fee is EUR 200.00.

Section 2.

600 Rules : Rules Common to Alpine

Events

These rules are subject to change.

613.3 Addendum: “...An athlete with a disability must put his

poles or stabilizers in front of the start line or where

indicated (except for sit-skier) and can quickly reach full

speed after leaving the start only with the help of poles

or stabilizers! The stabilizers or poles must be in a fixed

position on the snow before the start. Only one push

before the start gate is allowed for sit-skiers, no running

start is allowed.”

613.5 Addendum: “...his leg below the knee except for sit-skier

(start gate height for sit-skier is 80 cm).”

613.8 Specification of the Start Gate The start gate must be

adjustable from 40 cm height for standing athletes to 80

cm height for sit-skiers. The distance between the start

posts for sit-skiers must be 80 cm.

613 Start

613.9 Addendum ... Start adaptations for athletes with a

visual impairment: In the B-classes the guide cannot

pass through the starting gate. The start area includes

an adequate space for the guide, always in relation to

the first gate of the course. The space should be equal

to the start position and with the same elevation as

the competitor. The start ramp shall be prepared in

such a way that the guide can stand relaxed on the

starting line and can quickly reach full speed after

leaving the start.

617.3.1 Addendum: ... been officially scored and calculated by the IPC factor-system factor (please refer to Section 3, Rule 1271).

617.3.2 Addendum: ... (PWG, WSCD by adding the race time)

617 Calculations and Announcement of Results

621.3.2 Starting order for athletes with a disability

- Starting order for categories for slalom is: Visually

impaired, Standing, Sitting.

- Starting order for categories for Giant slalom, Super-

G’s and Downhill is: Visually impaired, Sitting,

Standing.

- The medal events by category (Visually impaired,

Sitting, Standing) at the Paralympic Winter Games will

be held on alternating days follows: men and women

in the standing sport classes contested on one day and

sitting and visually impaired sport classes contested

on another. Depending on the course setting

requirements and in accordance with the timelines

established by the IPC, IPC Alpine Skiing will determine

the appropriate competition schedule for the events.

Additionally the FIS ICR rule 621.3 is used.

621 Group Draw and Starting Order

621.10 Starting Order for the Second Run.

621.10.5 80 % Rule.

If 120 or more athletes are on the start list in a given

category during the first run (Visually Impaired,

Standing and Sitting), then the 80% rule is used to

determine which athletes qualify for the second run in

the Slalom and Giant Slalom. The calculation used to

determine which athletes qualify for the second run is

the athletes in the top 80% according to their result in

the 1st run (rounded up) qualify for the second run. In

the case that by implementing the 80% rule, a

category has less than ten (10) athletes, all athletes in

the first run will qualify for the second run with the

starting order being reversed.

622.1 Regular Intervals The start can take place in each

discipline at variable intervals. The chiefs of timing

and calculation or special assistants tell the starter

when each competitor should start, in agreement

with the jury. The competitor on the course does

not need to cross the finish before the next

competitor starts. The exception is class B1 which

must nearly complete the entire course.

622. Start Intervals.

661.2 Addendum ...If an athlete or guide.

661.4.1 Addendum ...except athlete with one ski (LW 2, LW

10-12, LW 9/1 – Athlete with one leg, amputated

above the knee and stabilizers)

661.4.2 Addendum: ...except athlete with one ski (LW 2, LW

10-12, LW 9/1 – Athlete with one leg, amputated

above the knee and stabilizers)

660. Gate Judge Instructions.

Section 3.

Particular rules for the Different Disciplines

These rules are subject to change.

701.1 Addendum: ...For PWG, WSCD, World Cups for the

Disabled and Continental Cups for the Disabled Men

and Women: - 500 to 800 m vertical drop.

702.3 Addendum: ...Multiple jumps and multiple

compressions must be eliminated, where practical

(Sit- and Visually Impaired Skiers).

703.1.2 Addendum: ...Multiple jumps and multiple

compressions must be eliminated, where practical

(Sit- and Visually Impaired Skiers).

700. Downhill.

800.1.1 Men and Women: - 120 - 200m vertical drop - IPC Alpine Skiing recommends that slalom poles with a diameter of 27mm are used for slalom races for athletes with a disability.

800. Slalom.

1000. Super-G.

1000.1.3 Addendum:...Multiple jumps and multiple

compressions must be eliminated, where practical

(sit- and Visually Impaired skiers). Additionally, an

organiser should provide the best possible snow

conditions to ensure fair competition for all athletes.

The FIS ICR – 703.2 applies.

1270.4 For World Cup Speed and Combined Disciplines for the Disabled, the athlete must be below 100 ASD points from the Downhill ASD list or Super-G ASD lists.

For World Cup Technical Disciplines for the Disabled, the athlete must be below 100 ASD points as indicated on the Slalom ASD Points List to compete in a slalom event and below 100 ASD points on the Giant Slalom ASD Points List to compete in a Giant Slalom event.

Each athlete should be internationally classified before starting at a World Cup, PWG and WSCD. If the jury is uncertain of the athlete’s classification and the athlete has not been internationally classified the athlete must start in the higher class.

A hosting nation of a World Cup may apply three (3) months before the race to the IPC Alpine Skiing for a maximum of six (6) wildcards in technical events (Slalom and Giant Slalom). IPC Alpine Skiing has granted all countries in the Asian region a wild card quota of six (6) athletes in the technical events for the Asian World Cups during 2005-2006 only.

1270. Participation in IPC Competitions.

1270.5 For Paralympic Games and World Championships

Speed and Combined Disciplines for the Disabled, the

athlete must be below 120 ASD Points from the

Downhill ASD list or Super-G ASD list.

For Paralympic Games and World Championships

Technical Disciplines for the Disabled, the athlete

must be below 120 ASD points from the Slalom ASD

list or Giant Slalom ASD list.

1270.6 For Technical Events (PWG and WSCD) countries are

allowed two (2) wildcards per country.

Section 4.

Special Rules

These rules are subject to change.

1210.1.1 Addendum ...for Disabled Races a Super-G and one run Slalom .

1210. Combined Competitions.

1260. ASD Points.

1260.3 Use of the ASD Points

ASD Points will be calculated per category (the

average of the best two results per discipline)

from the last eight (8) race points,

maximum eighteen (18) months back and minimum 15

months back.

1260.4 The combined ASD points for the disabled

athletes will be calculated (the average of the

best two results of all disciplines) from the last

eight (8) race points per discipline, maximum

eighteen (18) months back and minimum 15

months back.

1270. Participation in IPC Competitions

1270.4 World Cup Speed and Combined Disciplines for the Disabled the athlete must be below 100 ASD points from the Downhill ASD list or Super-G ASD lists.

World Cup Technical Disciplines for the Disabled the athlete must be below 100 ASD points from the Slalom ASD list and Giant Slalom ASD list.

Each athlete should be internationally classified before starting at a World Cup, PWG and WSCD. If the jury is uncertain of the athlete’s classification and the athlete has not been internationally classified the athlete must start in the higher class.

A hosting nation of a World Cup may apply three months before the race to the Alpine Committee for a maximum of 6 wildcards in technical events (SL/GS)..

1312. Special Rules for Visually impaired Athletes

1312.1 In all B-classes the athlete and his/her guide are a team. Therefore, visually disabled athletes and their guides will be trained and entered by their NPC or recognized FIS National

Ski Association. 1312.2 For all B-classes the use of a guide is obligatory.

1312.3 Guidance must be by voice and/or radio communication. Voice amplification between guide and athlete is accepted. No other means of communication is allowed during alpine races.

1312.4 No physical contact between the guide and athlete is allowed during the race.

1312.5 All athletes in class B1 must wear blacked-out goggles during the competition. The model of the blacked-out goggles is optional, but they must be tested and passed by the jury.

1312.6 Athletes and their guides are permitted to sideslip or snow plough at low speed, through the gates, during the official inspection, if approved by the jury.

1312.7 In the case that a guide is sanctioned, the same provisions

governing athlete sanctions apply.

1313. Guides

1313.1 The guide must guide the athlete from in front for B2 and B3. For B1 the guide can guide from in front or behind, passing between the last gate and finish line is allowed.

1313.2 The distance between the guide and athlete in technical events (Slalom and Giant Slalom) must not exceed two direction changes and in speed events (Downhill and Super-G) must not exceed one direction change. Failure to satisfy this definition of the team will lead to disqualification.

1313.3 The guide must pass through all gates.

1313.4 All guides must wear competition bibs. The guide bibs must meet the following specifications: - be fluorescent orange - have a “G” in front and in the back of the bib according to the size prescribed by the IPC Alpine Skiing.

The front of the guide bib must not be covered during competition; however the back may be a different colour to accommodate the needs of the visually impaired athlete.

A set of guide bibs can be provided by the IPC Alpine Skiing Committee to organizers if requested no later than one month before the competition. If guide bibs are lost or damaged a fee of 100.00 Euros will be charged to organizers by the IPC Alpine Skiing.

1313.5 In the event of a guide’s injury or illness, the athlete is permitted to change his/her guide. Such changes must be approved by the jury.

1351 MICROPHONES

Public address systems, snow machines or other noise must be kept to a minimum at the start, finish and on the entire race course so all athletes with a visual impairment can hear their guide.

1581. Rules for Alpine Competition Equipment

valid for Season 2006/07

Senior & Junior

DisciplineMinimum Radius

Minimum Length

DH Men 33 m 205 cm

DH Ladies 33 m 200 cm

SG Men 33 m 205 cm

SG Ladies 33 m 200 cm

GS Men 21 m 185 cm

GS Ladies 21 m 180 cm

SL Men - 165 cm

SG Ladies - 155 cm

Tolerances: Measurement of ski lengths – 1 cm Ski lengths for diabled athletes – 5 cm

HANDICAP SYSTEM ALPINE SKIING

&FACTOR RESTORATION 2006/2007

Over the past years the sport of alpine skiing for

the disabled has developed rapidly. Reasons

included an increased number of people

possessing a variety disabilities practicing skiing

leading to an increasing number of classes.

The variety of classes and increased number of

participants made competitions in Skiing almost

impossible to manage (determining correct

classes, occurrence of many small classes with

too few competitors etc.), thus it became more

and more difficult to find organizers to run

skiing events for disabled athletes.

It was felt necessary to create a fair system in

which different disability classes could be

combined leading to only one combined result

list.

Various handicap systems were created all over

the world.All of them attempting to reach the

same goal: To offer the fairest competition in

alpine skiing for the disabled.

One group which shared this interest was the

Alpine Cup Committee which was founded in

1990. Within this group the idea was developed

to create a system for all disability classes within

the categories amputees, blind and wheelchair

users, the so called RHC-System (realistic-

handicap-competition-system).

Later Niko Moll from Germany announced that

he had already invented this system which he

called :

KREK-System

(Kreative Renn Ergebnis Kontrolle = creative

race result control).

After extensive discussions and to avoid further

confrontation the Committee decided to

combine the RHC-System and the KREK-System.

In 2004 a Working Group was created to help

develop the System.

2006 PWG where run using the Category

System.

In disabled skiing 16 disability classes per gender

exist. The handicap system has been developed to

ensure that these classes are as justly as possible

combined in a 3 category system.

Key words:

class = disabled class

category = different classes combined per category:

blind skiers: B1-B3 (3 classes)

sitting skiers: LW10-LW12 (4 classes)

standing skiers: LW 1-LW9 (9 classes)

handicap system= RHC-KREK-System

Disabled Classes & Categories

Categories Classes

Blind Skiers B1-B3

Sitting Skiers LW10-LW12

Standing Skiers LW1-LW9

Please see the handout for an explanation of the Classes

The factor is calculated as follows:

The fastest time in the fastest class is divided by the fastest

time of the class to be evaluated. The average of the factors

of all international competition results over the period 1976-

1991 was used as the basis factor.

Adjustment/Restoration: Every year during the spring

FIS meeting, the factor is adjusted based on the racing

results of World Cups/World Championships/Paralympic

Games and published on the homepage

(www.asdracing.org). The IPC-Committee Alpine Skiing

reserves the right to make corrections/ adjustments during

the running season, in case of extraordinary circumstances.

The adjustment does not create a situation that a former

first ranked is ranked lower but allows a narrowing of

distances between ranked athletes (per adjustment app.

15% time difference) thus gradually leading to the best

factor.

Scoring time: In general each racing time of an athlete

is multiplied with the handicap factor of his respective

class. This results in a handicap time or scoring time for

each athlete within a category. In races with two heats/

runs the scoring times of both races are added.

For each disabled class and each discipline (DH, SG, GS,

SL), there is a so called basis factor; under which is

understood a weighting factor by which the race time is

multiplied, to arrive at the actual finish time to be

counted in the results. The highest possible basis factor is

1.0 and is attributed to the fastest class. The basis factors

have been determined through the results over the last

15 years with a rising value tendency towards the most

recent season.

The weighting factors are dynamic,

they are annually revised

2006-2007 No restoration.

the Paralympic Games will be used for the restoration

Hand Correction of the factors: Slalom B1 + 0,04 LW 9-1 + 0,04

Giant Slalom B1 + 0,02 LW 9-1 + 0,04

Super G B1 + 0,05 LW 9-1 + 0,02

Downhill B1 + 0,02 LW 9-1 + 0,01

www.paralympic.org

www.asdracing.org

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