Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

IPCC Support to National

GHG Inventories WRI MAPT Workshop

2 December, 2012

Nalin SRIVASTAVA

Technical Support Unit, IPCC TFI

Contents Who we are:

• The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

(IPCC)

• Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

(TFI)

IPCC Inventory Guidelines

Other IPCC TFI products and support to

inventory compilers

Inventory needs and gaps: lessons learnt

Summary

Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change (IPCC)

IPCC

• The IPCC is an intergovernmental body that:

provides scientific, technical and socio-

economic advice to the world community, and

in particular to the 170-plus Parties to the

United Nations Framework Convention on

Climate Change (UNFCCC).

It is open to all Members of UNEP and of

WMO.

IPCC (2)

• Established by WMO (World Meteorological Organization) and UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) in 1988 to:

Make periodic assessments of the science, impacts and the socio-economic aspects of climate change and of adaptation and mitigation options to address it;

Assess, and develop as necessary, methodologies such as the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories;

Provide, on request, scientific/technical /socio-economic advice to the Conference of the Parties to the United nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its bodies.

Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas

Inventories (TFI)

• IPCC/OECD/IEA National Greenhouse Gas

Inventories Programme started in 1991

– It produced the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines

• Since 1999 IPCC TFI has been hosted by Japan

(TSU is located at IGES)

© HS Egglesotn

Objectives and activities

• To develop and refine an internationally-agreed

methodology and software for the calculation

and reporting of national GHG emissions and

removals

• To encourage the widespread use of this

methodology by countries participating in the

IPCC and by Parties of the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC)

• IPCC does not provide capacity-building for GHG

inventories itself but engages in a range of activities

to promote the use of the IPCC Guidelines.

IPCC Inventory Guidelines

IPCC Inventory Guidelines

• IPCC Guidelines internationally agreed methodologies to be used by countries to estimate greenhouse gas inventories to report to the UNFCCC:

Virtually all sources/sinks covered

Alternative methods of different complexity and data needs may be provided with guidance on choice

• These have been developed aiming to be applicable in all countries (both methods and default data are provided):

Ensure best use is made of resources

Can be used with few resources, if necessary

• Have been extensively reviewed to ensure the widest applicability

• 1995 Guidelines

• 1996 Revised IPCC Guidelines

• 2000 Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management

• 2003 Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry

• 2006 IPCC Guidelines

IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse

Gas Inventories

Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National

Greenhouse Gas Inventories

• Earliest set of IPCC Guidelines still in use

• Consist of:

• Vol 1: Reporting Instructions

• Vol 2: Workbook and Software

• Vol 3: Reference Manual

• Still used by non-Annex I countries for

for their national communications to UNFCC

GPG 2000

• Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (GPG 2000)

• Complements the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines

• Introduced the concept of good practice inventories: inventories that are neither over nor underestimates so far as can be judged, and in which uncertainties are reduced as far as practicable

GPG LULUCF

• Good Practice Guidance for Land Use,

Land-Use Change and Forests (GPG

LULUCF) - Published in 2003

• Extends good practice to LULUCF sectors

• Provides supplementary methods and

good practice guidance for estimating,

measuring, monitoring and reporting on

carbon stock changes and greenhouse

gas emissions from LULUCF activities

under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, and

Articles 6 and 12 of the Kyoto Protocol

2006 IPCC Inventory Guidelines

• The 2006 IPCC Guidelines consists of 5 volumes based on cross-cutting issues and individual sectors: – Overview

– General Guidance and Reporting

– Energy

– Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)

– Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)

– Waste

• Updated and refined the methods and defaults in the earlier Guidelines

IPCC Guidance S

ec

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Energy

AFOLU

Waste

IPPU

General Guidance & Reporting

Da

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Ke

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Tim

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Co

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QA

/QC

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Emission

Inventory

IPCC Tools and Support for

National GHG Inventories

IPCC Emission Factor Database (EFDB)

Open library of documented emission factors and other parameters for

use in GHG inventories from a variety of sources:

Peer reviewed

Non-peer reviewed (government reports, industry studies etc.)

In any language (need English abstract)

Available through internet as well as in the form of CD-ROM

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/EFDB/

Contains information about when and where this data may be applicable

Evolves dynamically - new data from inventory compilers, researchers,

industry...

Communication platform for distribution of new research and

measurement data

Data evaluated by Editorial Board (EB)

• However the user MUST decide if this is suitable in their

specific situation.

Need for Emission Factor Database

(EFDB) • IPCC Guidelines contain global or regional default

values (mostly for Tier 1) based on the best science

when guidelines were compiled.

• Higher tier estimates need country-specific factors based

on:

Situation in country, methods, management etc.

Latest science and best practice elsewhere

Latest mitigation being applied

• However

it is expensive to measure all these. It would be more efficient to

use appropriate literature or experience in similar situations.

Emission factors and other parameters may not be easily

accessible.

How to Access the EFDB

Two different applications are available:

– Web application

• For all users to carry out on-line search

• For data providers to submit new emission factors

or other parameters

– CD-ROM application

• For all users, in particular for those who have

difficulty with Internet connection, to carry out off-

line search

The web application is the core of this system;

new data will be made available on the Web

application first.

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/EFDB/

EFDB Web application

EFDB Local CD-ROM application

Can be operated locally (on a stand-alone PC).

For detailed guidance, see

the User Guide for Local

CD-ROM application.

EFDB Local CD-ROM application

(2)

EFDB Local CD-ROM application works with

MS Access MDB file –a copy of the on-line

web database.

The latest MDB file will be made available:

• Through the Internet: At the "Downloads" section

of the web application; and/or

• In the form of CD-ROM: Will be distributed

annually or biannually, possibly on the occasion of

sessions of SBSTA or COP.

Populating EFDB

EFDB Defaults

Editorial

Board

Da

ta

Data

Provider

Data Data Form

TSU

Da

ta Data

Data

Meeting

with EB

Literature

Search

Consultants

TSU

On-line interaction, when necessary

Criteria for inclusion of new data

Robust – Within the accepted uncertainty, the value is unlikely to

change if there was repetition of the original measurement program or modeling activity.

Applicable – An emission factor can only be applicable if the source

and its mix of technology, operating and environmental conditions and abatement and control technologies under which the emission factor was measured or modeled are clear and allow the user to see how it can be applied.

Documented – Access information to the original technical reference

must be provided to evaluate the robustness and applicability as described above.

Success of EFDB depends upon input from the

global scientific and inventory community

– EFDB is open to any relevant data proposals

– If you have your own data on emission factors,

please contact the Technical Support Unit (TSU)

by e-mail: ipcc-efdb@iges.or.jp

Continuous improvement of the content and

functionality – users’ feedback will be quite

important

Your participation is highly appreciated!!

Your participation is welcome!!

EFDB in the context of UNFCCC

• In the context of revision of the UNFCCC reporting guidelines for

Annex I Parties, the SBSTA32 welcomed the work of the IPCC to

facilitate the use of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, including its efforts to

develop inventory software and the Emission Factor Database. It

invited the IPCC and other relevant organizations to strengthen their

efforts in this area. (FCCC/SBSTA/2010/6, paragraph 76)

• In the context of REDD discussion, the SBSTA32 requested the

UNFCCC secretariat to work with the IPCC on promoting the use of

the IPCC Emission Factor Database. (FCCC/SBSTA/2010/6,

paragraph 40)

• In the context of national communications from non-Annex I

Parties (NAI-NC), the Consultative Group of Experts (CGE):

Agreed on the usefulness of Emission Factor Database; and

Recommended improvement of data quality by enhancement of the

sharing of country-specific emission factors through the Emission Factor

Database among NAI Parties, as an element to be considered in a future

revision of the NAI-NC Guidelines.

(FCCC/SBI/2011/5/Rev.1)

Enhancement and improvement of

EFDB • Data collection:

Data can be proposed by anyone – welcomed!!

Data Meetings to collect data on specific sectors and

categories

6 data meetings on AFOLU, Energy and Waste

sectors held

Up-to-date data/information from “2013 Supplement to

the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas

Inventories: Wetlands” will be included.

• Work underway on the Improvement of EFDB user-interface

and data structure

• Awareness-raising through links on other organizations’

websites and participation in international workshops

IPCC Inventory Software

• The IPCC has launched its IPCC Inventory Software

• The IPCC Software implements the 2006 IPCC

Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

• However it can also be used for reporting under the

1996 IPCC Guidelines:

– This allows countries to utilise the improvements in the

methodologies and default values since the 1996 IPCC

Guidelines

• It improves on earlier software:

– It is database-based

– It is stand-alone and does not depend on specific versions of

MS Windows or MS Office.

– Does not require internet access or expensive hardware

IPCC Inventory Software (2)

It can be used for the whole inventory or just

individual categories

Includes Uncertainty and Key Category Analysis

Aids QA/QC

Will output in non-Annex 1 National Communications

format

Will be developed to include more input/output and

reporting options and complete Tier 2 coverage

FREE!

Software Functions

Worksheets for

data entry

Data Managers:

Land Types and

Livestock

Administration

functions:

Country, Users,

Years QA/QC:

Uncertainty

analysis, KCA,

Reference

method

Data Input and

Output

Data Archive

Contains default

data

Multiple Users

Initialise

Database

Compile Sector 1

Compile Sector 2

Compile Sector n

Database

Checks,

Uncertainty, KCA

Prepare Outputs

Project manager Sectoral Experts(s)

Distribute empty database

(MDB file)

Combine Databases

(XML File)

32

Hierarchical list

of categories

Worksheet-based

calculations follow

2006 Guidelines

Data

Entry

Time Series

Display

Category selected: Energy

33

Defaults Available:

can be over-writen

with country specific

data

Notation Keys

Available

Time Series

Data Entry

Uncertainties

Software support

• The TSU is supporting the software:

Help Desk: email ipcc-software@iges.or.jp

Web Forum:

https://discussions.zoho.com/ipccinventorysoftware/

• TSU is preparing User Guide in addition to a User Manual

• TSU will maintain software and is planning to add functions

to the software:

Complete Tier 2 coverage

More output formats

Link to ALU Software

FAQs • Answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs)

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/faq/faq.html

Constantly updated based on questions and issues

raised by compilers and in expert meetings.

Expert Meetings

• IPCC TFI holds many experts meetings annually

addressing inventory issues and topics of interest

to inventory compilers.

• Reports of these expert meeting reports can be

accessed at:

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/meeting/meeting.html

• IPCC TFI also collaborates with other organizations

(e.g., UNFCCC, FAO, UNEP, WRI) to promote the

use of the IPCC Guidelines and Software.

Inventory Internship Programme

• Established and funded as part of Japan's

contribution to TFI.

• Aims to provide young scientists with

opportunities to familiarize with the IPCC work on

methodologies for national GHG inventories as

well as to contribute to the work of TSU through

applied studies in relevant inventory-related

science.

• For details, visit the TFI website:

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/tsu/tsu-

intern.html

Inventory needs and gaps:

lessons learnt

Inventory needs and gaps:

lessons learnt

• Training in the use of IPCC Guidelines

IPCC Inventory Software

• Help in using international data-sets

Datasets for use in IPCC Guidelines

(2009): IPCC-FAO meeting report

• Mapping of national categories/definitions

to IPCC Guidelines categories

Inventory needs and gaps: lessons

learnt (2)

• Help in the use of higher tier methods:

Country-specific emission factors/parameters

IPCC EFDB

Activity data at sufficient resolution/disaggregation

Use of models and measurement-based methods

IPCC Expert Meeting on Use of Models and Measurements

in GHG Inventories (2010)

• Help in maintaining and archiving inventory

information:

IPCC Inventory Software

Summary

• The IPCC produces methodology reports on GHG Inventories as well as assessment reports on climate change.

• IPCC TFI produces methodological guidance on national GHG inventories (IPCC Guidelines) that are used for reporting to the UNFCCC, and the Software implementing them.

• IPCC TFI has developed a variety of products to support the use of as part of it mandate is to promote the use of the IPCC Guidelines.

Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

IPCC Inventory Software & IPCC Guidelines

can be downloaded from

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp

Thank you