IP Connectivity in LTE

IP Connectivity & IP Configuration

in LTE/EPC

Introduction

Why learn about IP in LTE/SAE

› Most of the older L3 technologies have already been moved to IP in current GPRS/WCDMA networks.

› LTE/SAE is an all-IP architecture. No other L3 transport protocol will be used in most networks in the near future.

› Understanding solutions for IP based connectivity means improving quality in new EPS implementations.

› All transport/resilience/functions provided by the network are based in IP protocols.

Scope and Objectives

› Understand how they support LTE/SAE architecture.

› Explain how IP supports LTE/SAE

› Understand how the different IP solutions (IP RAN, Metro Ethernet, M-PBN) interact.

› See the implications of introducing IPv6 protocol for user plane traffic.

Objectives

› IP Solutions

› IP Key Performance Indicators

› IPv6

Scope

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Overview

Mobile-PBN solution (EPC)

› PBN stands for Packet Backbone Network.

› It is the Ericsson L2 and L3 solution for interconnecting geographically separated voice and packet core nodes.

› Connectivity is provided by Ethernet switches, L3 routers and DPI firewalls.

› Main concerns are QoS parameters, scalability, traffic separation and security.

IGP design

Equipment: carrier class grade routers (Juniper M and/or

T-series)

Physical transmission

topology

Transport equipment

Link layer topology

IGP (IS-IS or OSPF)

Label Distribution (LDP or RSVP)

MP-BGP

VPN Services

Res

ilien

cy

Sec

utity

Sca

labi

lity

QoS

Mobile-Backhaul Solution (LTE)› Solution to connect the radio nodes

in cell sites to the core (IP RAN).

› Based on L2VPNs over SDH.

› RAN nodes do not need to be statically bound to a specific core controller (BSC/RNC).

› Allows more efficient usage of available bandwidth for broadband technologies such as HSDPA and LTE.

› IP nodes in main sites might be used for access aggregation and for core connectivity at the same time

CESoPSN

Shared HW and 10GE

OMS1410

SIU 09A

Metro Ethernet Solution (wireline)

› Similar concept to Mobile-Backhaul, but this solution is focused in residential (fixed line) accesses (xDSL, cable, etc…).

› Designed for traditional ISPs, as a solution to connect end subscribers to the core, allowing point-to-point, point-to-multipoint and multipoint-to-multipoint services.

› Aggregation sites are based in the SM (SmartMetro) product family.

› Supports advanced multicast IP Services (IPTV, multiconference…) for end subscribers.

Converged Network Concept

› All-IP paradigm allows operators providing both fixed and mobile services to unify their network infrastructure SAVES COST

Converged operatorAccess

Network /Cell Site / PRAN

Metro Solution MPBN / IP-MPLS coreIP

Edge/ PRAN

Mobile backhaul

Mobile operator Cell site

Mobile Backhaul

MPBNPRANPRANLRAN HRAN Fixed OperatorAccessNetwork Metro Solution IP/MPLS coreIP

Edge

IP Solutions

Ericsson Solutions

› Mobile-PBN› Mobile-Backhaul (IP RAN)› Metro Ethernet

MetroEthernet

BTS

NodeB

BTS

RBS Site

IP RAN µwave

Fiber

Copper

Router/Switch Site

IP RAN

BSC

RNC

Mobile Backhaul

RBC Site Ethernet

switching IP routingSecurity

BSC/RNC Site Network Synchronization

Ethernet switching IP routingSecurity

LRAN HRAN

M-PBN

Core Network

Core Network

eNodeB

Mobile-PBN Solution

› Initially it was only focused on providing IP services for data traffic.

005-09-001-00

Corporate Networks Roaming

Networks

GGSN-MPG

FWFWMSC DNSDNS

MGWMGWMGWMGWMGw

SGSN-MME

Primary Site

IP/MPLS

Internet

GSM / WCDMA / LTE

Secondary Site

Secondary Site

Secondary Site

SwitchSwitch

SwitchSwitch

SwitchSwitch

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

FWFW

RouterRouter

RouterRouter

GSM / WCDMA / LTE GSM / WCDMA / LTE

GSM / WCDMA / LTE

GSM / WCDMA / LTE

CPG

Switch

Switch

› Every new feature is verified in the lab to detect problems and therefore save implementation time for customers.

› Currently, almost all 3GPP interfaces are considered.

› Provides redundancy, end-to-end QoS, security, load-balancing...

M-PBN: Multisite Architecture› Primary and secondary sites.

– Primary sites might have any core node.– Secondary sites are focused in voice switching.– For LTE/SAE, eNodeBs might be in both, as well as in radio sites

› Connectivity to cell sites is out of scope.

Secondary 4Secondary 3

Secondary 2

Primary 2

Primary 3 Primary 4

Primary 1

Secondary 1

Secondary 5 Secondary 6

n

n

n

n

nnnn

n

n

N

N

NN

n

n

NNN

N

M

MM

M

mm

m

mm

m› All primary/secondary sites have a pair of routers

› Transport between sites is based on MPLS.

› Traffic should always follow the shortest path to destination.

› Firewalls only in primary sites

Functional Modules

› Operational solutions– Charging– Operation and Maintenance

› Packet switching– Legacy GSN connectivity– LTE/SAE core nodes– IP RAN interfaces

› IMS– Connectivity to IMS applications

from UEs– Access from EPS to IMS nodes

› End-to-end designs– Quality of service– Security

› Backbone and site infrastructure– MP-BGP/MPLS between sites– Virtual private networks (VPNs)

for traffic separation between domains

› Circuit Switching– Sigtran– MSS

Possible site physical topologies

Router+Switch option: IRB option:

Client Nodes

Mobile-PBN backbone

Site Infrastructure

Client Node

Tagged VLAN

SR1 SR2

Link aggregation

VLAN

SW1

VLAN

SW2

Optional tagged VLAN (if needed for capacity)

Client Nodes

Mobile-PBN backbone

Site Infrastructure

Client Node

Tagged VLAN

SR1 SR2

Link aggregation

VLAN VLAN

Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

› High Level Design in R7.0

› Integrated with the solution in release 2009B.

› Reuse of existing VPNs– O&M– Media– Signaling– PRAN (towards MBH/ME)

› Same principles as in previous releases.

› Currently S1, S5/S8, S6a, S10 and S11 interfaces are supported.

Ericsson Solutions


MetroEthernet

BTS

NodeB

BTS

RBS Site

IP RAN µwave

Fiber

Copper

Router/Switch Site

IP RAN

BSC

RNC

Mobile Backhaul

RBC Site Ethernet




LRAN HRAN

M-PBN

Core Network

Core Network

eNodeB

Framework

M-PBN Switching/

IP RAN Site

Mobile-Backhaul Solution Mobile-PBN IP/MPLS Backbone

M-PBN Secondary/IP RAN Site

M-PBN Aggregation

Site

Transport Aggregation

Level 1 Site

Cell Site

NBNB

RBSRBS

eNBeNB

BSCBSC

RNCRNC

M-PBN Sites in other region

BSCBSC

RNCRNC

M-PBN Primary/IP RAN Site

BSCBSC

RNCRNC2G

GGSNGGSN

PDNGWPDNGW

Serv.GW

Serv.GW

2GSGSNSGSN

MMEMME

PDNGWPDNGW

Serv.GW

Serv.GW

SEGSEG SEGSEG

Site Design

SEGSEG

Transport Network

IP RAN Mobile-Backhaul Mobile-PBN

Terminology

› HRAN (High Radio Access Network) is the Ericsson term for the high capacity part of the mobile backhaul that aggregates and transports traffic from several LRAN aggregation nodes and Cell sites to the sites in the core network.

› LRAN (Low Radio Access Network) is the Ericsson term for the low capacity part of the mobile backhaul that handles Cell site access.

› The MBH (Mobile Backhaul) is the RAN transport network that connects Cell sites to the sites in the core network. Ericsson defines the mobile backhaul architecture in terms of two distinct parts – LRAN and HRAN.

LRAN› Handles Cell sites access

› Normally, cells have a single step to the aggregation site.

› LRAN Nodes might also be part of a primary/secondary MPBN site

› Some of the LRAN sites must interface with the HRAN ring.

› Link redundancy provides recovery under failures.

Cell Site GSM

SIU

Pico STN

PWG

SEGw

Cell SiteWCDMA

SEGw

ET-MFX

Cell Site LTE

DUL

LRANEthernet Transport

Aggregation Site

Cell Site GSM

SIU

Pico STN

PWG

SEGw

Cell SiteWCDMA

SEGw

ET-MFX

Cell Site LTE

DUL

MINI-LINK TN

EDA

RouterSR

HRAN› Second level of aggregation.

› Connectivity can be provided by a Metro Ethernet solution in place.

› LRAN aggregation sites are connected to RAN and O&M RAN VPNs in the core.

LRANEthernet

L2 Transport

HRANIP VPNs

Aggregation SiteAbis VLANsO&M VLANs

Iub VLANsO&M VLANs

LTE VLANsO&M VLANs

SR

OM_RAN

Cell Site GSM

Cell SiteWCDMA

Cell Site LTE

Switching Site

BSC

RAN OM_RAN

SR

RAN

Abis

O&M O&M

RNC

Iub

Primary/Secondary Site

BSC

RAN OM_RAN

SR

Abis

O&M

RNC

Iub

O&M

SAE-GW MME

S1_MMES1_U

RAN VPN

OM_RAN VPN

Long Term Evolution (LTE)

› LTE introduces a flat, packet-only RAN architecture

– No BSC/RNC– Only Packet Switched traffic– Only Packet based

backhaul, no dedicated circuits

› 2G/3G RAN control nodes typically on core sites

– EPS sites may move closer to the base stations than

– current SGSNs/GGSNs

› Support for X2 (eNodeB to eNodeB) S1-U (eNodeB to SGW) and S1-MME (eNodeB to MME) interfaces.

GGSN

SGSN

RNC

Node B eNodeB

(not user plane functions)

MBH

MPBN

PGWSGW

MME

Ericsson Solutions


MetroEthernet

BTS

NodeB

BTS

RBS Site

IP RAN µwave

Fiber

Copper

Router/Switch Site

IP RAN

BSC

RNC

Mobile Backhaul

RBC Site Ethernet




LRAN HRAN

M-PBN

Core Network

Core Network

eNodeB

Basic Transport Building BlocksService class Service Basic transport

building block

Business Services

VPLS E-LAN

L2 VPN

E-LINE

VoIP

Internet and Security

L3 VPN

Mobile broadband Transport

Wholesale Services Transport

Mobile backhaul Transport

Residential Services

Internet & P2P

VoIP

Video on demand

IPTV IP Routing/PIM

E-LAN Service

Transport IP Edge

SM480

SM480

OMS1410

OMS1410

OMS1410

SE1200

Access

SE1200

E-LAN service PB / E-LAN VPLS, HVPLS

Service redundancy

RSTP VPLS MAC flush

VPLS

VB

VBVB

VB

VLAN S-VLAN VPLS S-VLAN

SM480

SM480

E-line Service for p2p Connectivity

Transport IP Edge

SM480

SM480

OMS1410

OMS1410

OMS1410

SE1200

Access

SE1200

E-Line Service PB / E-LINE Pseudo wire (VPWS)

Service redundancy MAC relearning VLL redundancy (Metro 2009B)

C-VLAN S-VLAN VPWS S-VLAN

SM480

SM480

IP Key Performance Indicators

Why IPv6 in Mobile Broadband?

› IPv4 addresses are about to collapse.

› Everyday more and more devices are connected to the Internet. With mobile broadband this is even more critical.

› With terminals like iPhone, UEs are always-on, blocking IP addresses to other subscribers.

› Some technologies, such as IMS, are already discouraging usage of NAT systems due to the high signaling requirements.

› The European Union has established certain legal requirements for operators, making them responsible for accountability of their subscribers’ actions on the Internet.

IPv6 Support

› UE is assigned with an IP address by the PDN-GW/GGSN

› Up to the PDN-GW the traffic is tunneled between core nodes End subscriber’s IP is not used for routing until packet traverses the PDN-GW.

› There is no difference from a connectivity perspective within the packet core if an IPv4 or an IPv6 address is assigned.

› Core nodes will still tunnel subscribers’ traffic using IPv4 addresses GRX will still be an IPv4 network for a long time.

IPv6 Impact

› All core nodes in the data flow must be aware of the IPv6 usage in order to establish the required variables in the PDP/session activation.

– RNC/SGSN/GGSN in GSM/WCDMA networks.– eNodeB/SGW/PDN-GW in LTE/SAE networks.

› After PDN GW (or GGSN), pure IPv6 routing occurs towards the ISP:– IPv6 must be supported in site routers and firewalls (including dynamic

routing protocols supporting IPv6, such as OSPFv3)– IPv6 must be supported by in-line charging systems (SASN)– Backbone VPNs must allow IPv6 address-family for remote connectivity – ISP must be IPv6 aware.

› Additional services (Charging, legal audit, etc) might also require IPv6 awareness.

Summary

Summary

› Ericsson Solutions– Mobile PBN,

– Mobile backhaul (IP RAN)

– Metro Ethernet

– M-PBN uses primary and secondary sites

– Router & switch or IRB topology

– MBH, HRAN and LRAN

› KPI parameters – sets constraints to guarantee quality of service

– Applies to signaling, bearer, packet switched

conversional, steaming and interaction &

background

› IPv6– Infinite number of addresses

– Legal requirements, accountability

– Always-on user devices block IP addresses

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More Information

› Mobile-PBN 2009B solution– http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=9514

› IP RAN T10A solution– http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=23423

› Metro Ethernet 2009B solution– http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=3650

› SmartEdge OS documentation– http://cpi2.al.sw.ericsson.se/alexserv?id=10399

› JunOS documentation– http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/software/junos/index.html

› ExtremeXOS documentation.– http://extremenetworks.com/services/software-userguide.aspx

IP Connectivity in LTE

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