Wireless Sensor Network

IP Based Telecommunication – MTEL Mercubuana University

Created By :

Peby Wahyu PurnawanEmilia Roza

Ratri Priyandewi

A WSN is a network consisting of numerous sensor nodes with sensing, wireless communications and computing capabilities.

Wireless sensor nodes constituting a WSN consist of a sensor interface, microcontroller, memory and battery units together with a radio module. Hence, wireless sensor nodes are able to carry out distributed sensing and data processing, and to share the collected data using radio communications.

Networks of typically small, battery-powered, wireless devices.◦ On-board processing,◦ Communication, and ◦ Sensing capabilities.

What are wireless sensor networks (WSNs)?

Sensors

Processor

Radio

Storage

POWER

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consist of tiny computers embedded into the environment that can monitor almost anything - such as light, motion, proximity, temperature, biometrics and chemical substances.[1]

What are wireless sensor networks (WSNs)?

Sensor Type

WSN node components

Low-power processor.◦ Limited processing.

Memory.◦ Limited storage.

Radio.◦ Low-power.◦ Low data rate.◦ Limited range.

Sensors.◦ Scalar sensors:

temperature, light, etc.◦ Cameras, microphones.

Power.

Sensors

Processor

Radio

Storage

POWER

WSN device schematics

WSN architecture in general

Vision: Embed the World

• Network these devices so that they can execute more complex task.

• Embed numeroussensing nodes to monitor and interact with physical world

Images from UCLA CENS

Examples of WSN Platforms

PC-104+(off-the-shelf)

UCLA TAG(Girod)

UCB Mote (Pister/Culler)

Why ?

WSN was born because of technological development, which starts from the emergence of the DSN (Distribution Sensor Network) and then on to associate with less wireless technology. Which until now has much in use in many areas.

Why are WSNs challenging/unique from a research point of view?

Typically, severely energy constrained.◦ Limited energy sources (e.g., batteries).◦ Trade-off between performance and lifetime.

Self-organizing and self-healing.◦ Remote deployments.

Scalable.◦ Arbitrarily large number of nodes.

Design Challenges

Heterogeneity.◦ Devices with varied capabilities.◦ Different sensor modalities.◦ Hierarchical deployments.

Adaptability.◦ Adjust to operating conditions and changes in

application requirements. Security and privacy.

◦ Potentially sensitive information.◦ Hostile environments.

Design Challenges (Cont’d)

WSN was first introduced in 2001, by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) as a vanguard at United State of America.

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) spearheaded the wave of sensor network research by introducing new IT Sensor.

Born & Vanguard

The workings of WSN is not as complex as the other operating system because of the specificity of gear on WSN. WSN has a sensor for detecting sensitivity requires both a form of touch / pressure, temperature, humidity and so on. sensor in analog form is converted into digital signals. Stored in memory. Microcontroller is more often used for WSN, as more flexible for use on any device and less costly.

WSN performance

Monitoring.◦ Scientific, ecological applications.

Non-intrusiveness. Real-time, high spatial-temporal resolution. Remote, hard-to-access areas.

Surveillance and tracking.◦ Reconnaissance.◦ Perimeter control.

“Smart” Environments.◦ Agriculture.◦ Manufacturing/industrial processes.

(How) WSN Applications

WSN Applications

Architecture

ImplementationP. O. D. Board size: 3.0” x 1.5”

One antenna for both transmit and receive

Transmit & receive data packets from base station

B u o y

Wireless Buildings

Key to success: reduced installation costs

From many perspectives, THIS is what a wireless sensor network can provide.

Slide courtesy of Pat Gonia, Honeywell

The use of WSN in agriculture

WSN samples used for agriculture

1. Mahesh Bogadi SHANKAR PRASAD, Reliable, Low-delay Communication in (Automatic Control Master's thesis Stockholm, Sweden, Nov 2011)

2. Wireless Sensor Networks QinghuaWang . Wireless Sensor Networks - Application - Centric Design. Departemen Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi Norwegia Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Norwegia Ilangko Balasingham Departemen Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi Norwegia Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Pusat Intervensi, Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine, Universitas Oslo Norwegia

3. Smart Wireless Senesor Networks4. Sustainable Wireless Sensor Networks5. Reliable, Low-delay Communication in Wireless Sensor 6. NetworksWireless Sensor Networks

Tutorial Katia Obraczka Department of Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, May 2006

7. Waltenegus Dargie and Christian Poellabauer, Fundamental of Wireless Sensor Networks, Wiley & Sons, 2010

8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ix6GUfgEIbs&feature=relmfu (12 April 2012)

Referensi