IonsIons(Atoms (Atoms with with CHARGE!CHARGE!!!)!!)

11 p+

12 n0

I’m outta here!

Now what??? We have more protons than electrons. That’s weird!!!!!

IonsIons(Atoms with (Atoms with CHARGE!!!)CHARGE!!!)

9 p+

10 n0

We knew we do it! Now our outer shell is complete

Now what??? We have more electrons than protons. That’s weird!!!!!

IonsIons

Ion – an atom that Ion – an atom that has either lost or has either lost or gained an gained an electron(s)electron(s)

What overall charge What overall charge would an ion have if it would an ion have if it had 15 protons and 18 had 15 protons and 18

electrons?electrons?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14% 14% 14% 14%14%14%14%1.1. 00

2.2. +3+3

3.3. -3-3

4.4. +15+15

5.5. -15-15

6.6. +18+18

7.7. -18-18

An atom that has lost an An atom that has lost an electron would have a electron would have a

_________ charge._________ charge.

1 2 3

88%

0%

12%

1.1. positivepositive

2.2. negativenegative

3.3. neutralneutral

Atoms with ChargeAtoms with Charge

Atom loses electronsAtom loses electrons

* Overall positive * Overall positive chargecharge

**CationCation

Atom gains electronsAtom gains electrons

* Overall negative * Overall negative chargecharge

* * AnionAnion

ExampleExample

Magnesium loses 2 Magnesium loses 2 ee-- leaving it with leaving it with 12 p12 p++ and 10 e and 10 e--

What charge would What charge would Magnesium have when it Magnesium have when it

becomes an ion?becomes an ion?

1 2 3 4 5 6

0% 0% 0%0%

15%

85%

1.1. +1+1

2.2. -1-1

3.3. +2+2

4.4. -2-2

5.5. +6+6

6.6. -6-6

ExampleExample

Magnesium loses 2 Magnesium loses 2 ee-- leaving it with leaving it with 12 p12 p++ and 10 e and 10 e--

Overall 2+ charge Overall 2+ charge and Mg becomes and Mg becomes MgMg2+2+ (ion) (ion)

What charge would What charge would Sulfur have as an ion?Sulfur have as an ion?

1 2 3 4 5 6

0% 0% 0%

43%

46%

11%

1.1. +1+1

2.2. -1-1

3.3. +2+2

4.4. -2-2

5.5. +6+6

6.6. -6-6

ExampleExample

Sulfur gains 2 eSulfur gains 2 e-- and now has 16 p+ and now has 16 p+ and 18 eand 18 e--

Overall -2 charge Overall -2 charge and is written Sand is written S2-2- as an ionas an ion

Charges on atomsCharges on atoms Use the periodic table to predict charge on an atomUse the periodic table to predict charge on an atom

+1

+3 +4

-3

-2

-1

+2