Ionizing Radiation Metrology at NIM - QST · 2019. 11. 13. · megavoltage photon beams from a...
Transcript of Ionizing Radiation Metrology at NIM - QST · 2019. 11. 13. · megavoltage photon beams from a...
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 1
Ionizing Radiation Metrology at NIM
Zhang Jian
National Institute of Metrology
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 2
Outline
Status and future of ionizing radiation metrology
at NIM
General introduction
Highlights in radioactivity, dosimetry and neutron
Future work
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 3
Outline
Status and future of ionizing radiation metrology
at NIM
General introduction
Highlights in radioactivity, dosimetry and neutron
Future work
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 4
Organization
National Institute of Metrology(NIM) is established in
1955
Two Sites in Beijing: He Ping Li and Changping
和平里院区
昌平院区
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 5
Organisation
• Three section: Radioactivity, Dosimetry, Neutron
• Staff: Around 26 employees in this division
New Building for LINAC, CT and monoenergetic X-rays
Ionizing radiation building in He Ping Li Building for electron
accelerator for high-dose dosimetry
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 6
Overview of ionizing radiation metrology
Primary standards: 18
Secondary standards: 15
Comparison: 34
CMCs:195
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 7
The Standards in Radioactivity Lab 放射性活度基标准装置
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 8
Primary standards for dosimetry
辐射剂量基准装置
Air kerma standard for (10-60)kV X-rays
Air kerma standard for 60Co γ-rays
Absorbed to graphite of 60Coγ-rays by cavity chamber Water Calorimeter
Air kerma standard for (60-250)kV X-rays Air kerma standard for 137Cs γ-rays
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 9
Fricke dosimetry Graphite calorimeter
Radiation facility and TLD system Alanine/EPR dosimetry
Standard for Diagnosis x-rays
Primary and secondary standard for dosimetry 辐射剂量基标准装置
http://124.42.64.140/nimlab.web/Common/frmMaxPic.aspx?picId=17&Type=2
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Standards for neutron 中子基准装置
Primary standard of neutron source strength
primary standard of 14 MeV neutron absorbed dose
Neutron reference radiation field
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 11
Outline
Status and future of ionizing radiation metrology
at NIM
General introduction
Highlights in radioactivity, dosimetry and neutron
Future work
Collaboration between NRC and NIM
Review of the collaboration
Proposal on future collaboration
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 12
Absolute measurement of radon radioactivity 氡活度绝对测量
• An absolute measurement system of radioactivity for condensed radon has being developed based on defined angled method.
• Dimensions parameters will be measured and uncertainties will be evaluated recently.
冷头
射线范围
radioactivity
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 13
Radon-222 and its progenies metrology 氡-222及其子体计量
Main room
Fan
MM
Mixing room
Entry room Radiumsourcesroom
1500
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0
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2416
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Te
mp
era
ture
Time (h)
8
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8
Hu
mid
ity (
%)
Time (h)(o
C)
0 8 16 24 32 40 480
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EECunatt. (Bq/m3)
EECsum (Bq/m3)
fp
Time (hour)
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0.0
0.1
0.2
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0.4
f p
EE
Csu
m(B
q/m
3)
EE
Cu
na
tt.(B
q/m
3)
The schematic view and main dimensions of the NIM radon chamber. All values are given in millimeters
The picture of radon chamber
Monitoring data of temperature and humidity in the mode of keeping stable at set values
The regulation of the attached and unattached ratio based on the control of radon concentration and aerosol concentration.
radioactivity
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Concentration measurement of radon isotopes progenies by LSC
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1( ) [ ]
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
A
B A B
C B C
A B C
tA A p
Bt t tB B p A p
B A
Ct t tC C p B p
C B
t t tA p C B
B A C A B A C B C A C B
A t A t e
A t A t e A t e e
A t A t e A t e e
A t e e e
)()()()(
)()(
tt
EF
FpE
tpFF
tpEE
FEF
E
eetAetAtA
etAtA
Membrane Sampling Membrane in Liquid scintillation vials
Measured by Tricarb 3100
Radon-222 progenies metrology 氡-222子体计量
radioactivity
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 15
87.8508
1.71951.7195
73.5943
60.3600
3.8667
R 2.5750
6.4733
5.1733
76.5000
FEP efficiency simulation for HPGe Detector 高纯锗探测器全能峰效率曲线
Radiography of a HPGe detector (CANBERRA GX6250)
Scan by CT
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
5.0x10-4
1.0x10-3
1.5x10-3
2.0x10-3
2.5x10-3
3.0x10-3
FE
P E
ffcie
ncy
Energy/keV
Experiment
Calculation
Detector parameters
Energy/keV Exp-FEP-eff Cal-FEP-eff Relative
deviation 59.5409 2.971E-03 2.976E-03 -0.17%
88.0336 2.925E-03 2.947E-03 -0.76%
121.7817 2.752E-03 2.793E-03 -1.50%
244.6974 2.016E-03 2.045E-03 -1.43%
344.2785 1.616E-03 1.619E-03 -0.19%
356.1029 1.577E-03 1.579E-03 -0.15%
411.1165 1.422E-03 1.427E-03 -0.36%
443.965 1.334E-03 1.337E-03 -0.20%
604.72 1.063E-03 1.072E-03 -0.86%
661.657 1.005E-03 1.002E-03 0.27%
778.9045 8.991E-04 8.931E-04 0.67%
964.079 7.726E-04 7.665E-04 0.79%
1173.228 6.768E-04 6.725E-04 0.64%
1332.492 6.167E-04 6.169E-04 -0.03%
1408.013 5.947E-04 5.879E-04 1.14%
radioactivity
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Activity Standardization and Comparison Plan for F-18 放射性核药物F-18活度测量及比对
Standardization of medical nuclide F-18 and plan to take part in
the comparison using the SIRTI, piloted by BIPM (estimate in 2018)
SIRTI used in the comparison for F-18
Primary standard for F-18 measurement
radioactivity
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PET system of Inliview 3000 animal PET/SPECT/CT system
Collaboration of NIM with
Key Laboratory of Particle
& Radiation Imaging
(Tsinghua University) on
nuclear medical image
quality study
Metrology of radioactivity
of F-18 Nuclide (F-18 FDG)
& study of image quality
enhancement of pre-
clinical and clinical PET
systems
phantom experiments were performed Transverse plane of reconstructed images for ultra-micro hot-rod phantom experiment (100 iterations, unit: mm).
Transverse plane, coronal plane and sagittal plane of reconstructed images for whole-body mouse 18F-FDG experiment (50 iterations):
Profiles of point source reconstructed images
Radioactivity Metrology usage in nuclear medicine 核医学放射性活度计量
radioactivity
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Water Calorimeter for high energy photon absorbed dose 高能光子水吸收剂量基准装置
In collaborating with NRC, NIM is developing a primary standard for absorbed dose to water at radiotherapy dose levels. The developing standard for water absorbed dose is based on a water calorimeter and is designed to operate in Co-60 and megavoltage photon beams from a linear accelerator.
The absorbed dose to water of 10 MV X-ray in horizontal beam is absolute measured with the combined uncertainty of 0.35%.
dosimetry
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Measurement of Energy response of image plates exposed to electrons From Linac
成像板(IP)在医用加速器电子束下的能响
Response of the Ips to photon at energy between 4MeV and
15Mev
dosimetry
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Alanine dosimeter(1Gy~100Gy) 丙氨酸剂量计的剂量测量范围扩展
Vacuum connector Schematic diagram
dosimetry
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Linearity
cubic polynomial after natural logarithm Fitting a straight line
0 20 40 60 80 100
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
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EP
R in
ten
sity p
er
un
it m
ass(m
g)
Dose to water(Gy)
Y = A + B * X
Parameter Value Error
------------------------------------------------------------
A 0.0056 2.08393E-4
B 0.00237 4.09537E-6
------------------------------------------------------------
R SD N P
------------------------------------------------------------
0.99999 3.86209E-4 8
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Primary standard of air kerma for mammography 乳腺X射线空气比释动能基准装置
The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer.
Primary standard of mammography
dosimetry
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Primary standard of air kerma for (250-600)kV X-ray (250-600)kV X射线空气比释动能基准
(250-450)kV X射线空气比释动能国家基准
石墨空腔基准电离室
X射线辐射装置
电离室定位系统
微弱电流测量系统
控制与监测系统
蒙特卡罗模拟
电离室设计、加工
电离室内部尺寸精密测量
不确定度分析 量值复现 国际比对
辐射防护仪表 环境监测仪表 治疗水平电离室 X射线探测器
量值传递
稳定性测试
系统测试与检验
软件的研制
电容测试
光管调节装置
滤过系统
辐射能谱的测量
电流系统搭建
辐射质的研究与建立
6米导轨
多维移动平台
激光定位
量杆及基准面
视频监控
辐射监测
系统控制软件
校准自动化软件
漏电测试
光阑、快门
Primary standard: Graphite cavity chamber
Reference radiation facility Main part of primary standard
dosimetry
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Standard for Image quality control in X-ray diagnosis X射线诊断图像质控标准
To develop technical performance standards for x-ray diagnosis, focusing particularly on image quality: Spatial Resolution, Contrast Sensitivity.
Scan picture of HpGe detector Industrial CT equipment
dosimetry
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To calibrate energy resolution, efficiency of X-rays detector To calibrate The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT):
HXMT:the first high energy astrophysics satellite in China.
National standard of X-rays fluence Hard X-ray Calibration Facility(HXCF)
硬X射线标定装置
Hard X-ray calibration facility HXMT satellite
dosimetry
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Measurement of monoenergetic x-rays facility 单能X射线测量装置
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1400.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
Eff
icie
ncy(%
)
Energy(keV)
Experimental data
MC simulation
Result from CCD detector
20 40 60 80 100 1200
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Flu
x c
ts/s
Energy (keV)
Flux of monochromatic light
0 100 200 300 400 500
0
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100
Effic
ien
cy(%
)
Energy(keV)
Full energy peak efficiency
detect efficiency
Measured by GEM detector Spectrum of monoenergetic X-rays
Efficiency in parallel beams Compare experiment and simulation
dosimetry
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K fluorescence radiation facility K 荧光辐射装置
Simulation module based on MCNP
Yield of K radiation VS thickness of radiator
Energy Spectrum of K fluorescence
K fluorescence radiation facility
dosimetry
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An irradiator with a 137Cs source had been installed in the neutron radiation field to verify the photon response of neutron dose meters or neutron detectors. The radioactivity:1.85×1011Bq (5Ci).
The old long counter was replaced by a new one with BF3 detectors. One of the purposes for the new counter is used as a transfer standard for other neutron reference radiation field.
Improving for the neutron reference radiation field 中子辐射场升级改造
neutron
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Outline
Status and future of ionizing radiation metrology
at NIM
General introduction
Highlights in radioactivity, dosimetry and neutron
Future work
Collaboration between NRC and NIM
Review of the collaboration
Proposal on future collaboration
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 30
Traceability system for Radiotherapy based on LINAC 基于医用加速器的放疗剂量量值体系的完善
Establish primary standard
K6 comparison
Traceability system
Update the Traceability system for Radiotherapy
Research the dosimetry measurement method and dosimetry instrument used in clinical QA
Improve and assess the test method for clinical LINAC
Small field dosimetry
Ongoing
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Standard for radiotherapy in low/medium energy X-ray 低、中能X射线放疗的国家标准
For 10-400kV X-ray 1. From air kerma to absorbed dose to water 2. Measured by graphite calorimeter and
water calorimeter
New radiotherapy devices in Kilovoltage X-ray, such as brachytherapy with miniature X-ray tube. To research new technology for calibration
Ongoing
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Metrology in Synchrotron X-rays 同步辐射X射线计量
Calibration of energy response of detection elements for controlled nuclear fusion by Synchrotron X-rays.
To measure the flux of synchrotron X-rays.
On plan
http://photo.blog.sina.com.cn/showpic.html
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 33
Standards for radiation environmental monitor and radiation safety 超低本底剂量学、辐射环境监测、辐射安全
Low background facility at NIM Low background laboratory at Jinping, Sichuan (On Plan)
2、Standards of testing for radiation detection systems and radiation safety 3、Pulsed radiation dosimetry
1、Standard for radiation environmental monitor
pulsed radiation facility radiation detection systems
On plan
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 34
Neutron 中子能谱和中子注量堆
• The neutron spectrum measurement
• A set of BSS including 12 spheres of 3.0”, 3.5”, 4.0”, 4.5”, 5.0”, 6.0”, 7.0”, 8.0”, 9.0”, 9.5”, 10.0” and 12.0” made by Centronic was already sent to our laboratory and plan to be scaled in 2017. Then the BSS will be used to measure the neutron spectrum in some actual workplaces for the onsite calibration and the preparation of simulative field from 2016.
• Rebuilding the thermo neutron fluence pile
• The primary standard of thermal neutron fluence rate was established in 1970. It include six Am-Be neutron sources (strength (3.7 to 6.3) × 106s-1) and moderating medium constituting with olefin and graphite. The thermal neutron fluence field is in the center of moderator. The construction and shape of moderator was change and the thermal neutron fluence field is too small are main problems of the standard. We plan to rebuild a new thermo neutron flence pile in 2018.
Ongoing
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Proposal on future collaboration
• Enhance the measurement on radiotherapy dosimetry, such as electron calorimeter, HDR brachaytherapy, alanine dosimetry, MC simulation on FAC, and beta dosimetry.
• Develop Monte Carlo simulation techniques, enhance the measuring capability in radon, nuclides based on Internal gas counting and hold bilateral comparisons in nuclear medicine nuclides.
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 36
Absorbed Dose measurement for electron, and carbon ion therapy
高能电子束和粒子束剂量学
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 37
Monte carlo simulation based on EGSnrc code 基于EGSnrc的蒙卡建模
• MC simulation for free air chamber, cavity chamber, linac, and related dosimetry modeling.
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 38
Fricke and Alanine Dosimetry 硫酸亚铁剂量计和丙氨酸剂量计
• Fricke dosimeter
• Compare G (F3+) values in a Co-60 beam between NIM and NRC
• To study electron beam G (F3+) values used to be develop an absolute dose to water standard for megavoltage electron beam .
• To study method used Fricke dosimetry system to measure an absolute
dose to water for HDR brachytherapy • Alanine
• Research on how to improve the measurement uncertainty in 1Gy to 5Gy
• Make smaller size used for small field dosimetry research
• Study application in radiotherapy and Radiography
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 39
Enhance measurement capability in radon 提升氡测量能力
Develop absolute measurement system for radon radioactivity.
Improve radon gas and radon progenies secondary standards
Build other radon secondary standards used in radiation protection field,Such as radon in water and radon emission rate standard.
Radon becomes an important factor leading to lung cancer in China.
Radon potential map also reveals metrology demands in Canada
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 40
Internal Gas Counting measurement 内充气计数测量
Establish the standards for gas radioactivity, based on internal gas counting techniques by applying length compensation method.
Investigate the method to calibrate the radioactive gas monitor systems in nuclear pow plants ( noble gas nuclides Kr-85, Xe-133 etc., particular H-3 in heavy water reactors) .
Preliminary design of gas radioactivity measurement system
gas circuit
detectors electronic modules
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 41
Bilateral comparisons in nuclear medicine nuclides 核医学核素活度双边比对
Cyclotron to produce new type medicine nuclides.
Enhance measurement technique based on DCC and TDCR to meet the requirement to absolutely standardize short life nuclides such as F-18, N-13, C-11 etc.
Develop portable measuring system for such kind of nuclear medicine nuclides.
Hold bilateral comparison to test and improve metrology methods.
Diagnosis and treatment by nuclear medicine need precise measurement
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Status of Ionizing radiation Metrology at NIM of China 42
Thanks
Hope to have more cooperation
with all of you.