Ionic bond Polar covalent bond Nonpolar covalent bond Hydrogen bond
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Transcript of Ionic bond Polar covalent bond Nonpolar covalent bond Hydrogen bond
1. A bond in which two atoms share electrons but there is an unequal attraction for the shared electrons is a(n)
A. Ionic bondB. Polar covalent bondC. Nonpolar covalent bondD. Hydrogen bond
Ionic b
ond
Polar covalent b
ond
Nonpolar co
valent b
ond
Hydrogen bond
11%19%
7%
63%
2. A hydrogen bond is aA. The bond between a hydrogen atom and
a oxygen atom in a water moleculeB. The bond between a hydrogen atom and
a nitrogen atom in an ammonia molecule
C. The attraction between opposite poles of polar covalent molecules
D. All of the aboveE. Both A and B
The bond within a water molecule is a polar covalent bond.
A hydrogen bond is an attraction between two different water molecules (or other polar molecules). This attraction occurs because the polar covalent bond creates charged poles in each molecule (oxygen end is negatively charged and hydrogen pole is positively charged.) The oxygen end of one molecule is attracted to a hydrogen end of another.
3. Water molecules stick together, creating surface tension, due to the attraction between opposite poles of water molecules forming hydrogen bonds. This ability to stick together means that water is _______.
A. AdhesiveB. CohesiveC. Hydrophobic
Adhesive
Cohesive
Hydrophobic
33% 33%33%
Cohesion = the attraction between like molecules
Adhesion = the attraction between different types of molecules
Water is both cohesive (between water molecules) and adhesive with many molecules..
4. The term hydrophilic means that a substance
A. is highly reactiveB. Is chemically inert
(does not react)C. is attracted to waterD. Is repelled by water
is highly
reactive
Is chemica
lly in
ert (does..
.
is attracte
d to w
ater
Is repelle
d by water
4%12%
81%
4%
5. Which of following types of substances are hydrophilic?
I. Nonpolar covalentII. Polar covalentIII. Ionic
A. I onlyB. II onlyC. III onlyD. I and IIE. I and IIIF. II and III
I only
II only
III only
I and II
I and III
II and III
0%
23%
50%
12%12%
4%
Since water is a polar molecule, it attracts both ionic compounds (since charged ions are attracted to the partially charge poles of the water molecule) and other polar compounds (since the oppositely charged poles are attracted to water’s charged poles.)
6. A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a
A. SoluteB. SolventC. SolutionD. ReactantE. Both A and D
Solute
Solvent
Solution
Reactant
Both A and D
23%
69%
8%
0%0%
7. It takes ____ energy to change water’s temperature compared to most other substances, so water tends to _________A. More, moderate
temperaturesB. More, cause more extreme
temperature changesC. Less, moderate
temperaturesD. Less, cause more extreme
temperature changesMore, m
oderate temper..
.
More, cause
more extre
m...
Less,
moderate te
mperat...
Less,
cause
more extr
em...
72%
4%8%16%
8. A substance with a low pH is _________ and has a higher concentration of ____ ions.
A. Acidic; OH-B. Acidic; H+C. Basic (Alkaline); OH-D. Basic (Alkaline); H+
Acidic;
OH-
Acidic;
H+
Basic (A
lkaline); O
H-
Basic (A
lkaline); H
+
21%
4%13%
63%
9. A substance with a pH of 2 is __ than a substance with a pH of 7.
A. 5 x less acidicB. 5 x more acidicC. 50 x less acidicD. 50 x more acidicE. 100,000 x less acidicF. 100,000 x more acidic
5 x less
acidic
5 x more acid
ic
50 x less
acidic
50 x more acid
ic
100,000 x less
acidic
100,000 x more ac
idic
8% 8%
44%
28%
8%4%
1.B2.C3.B4.C5.F6.B7.A8.B9.F