Invertebrates. Make up about 97 % of all animal species.
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Transcript of Invertebrates. Make up about 97 % of all animal species.
Invertebrates
Invertebrates
Invertebrates
Make up about 97 % of all animal species
Phylum Porifera
Sponges Simplest animals Do not have tissues or organs Asymmetrical Have pores through which they filter
food andabsorb oxygen
Reproduces sexually through gametes orasexually through budding/fragmenting
Are usually hermaphrodites
Phylum Porifera
Filter feeders Sessile as adults, meaning they don’t
moveand are stuck to a surface
Phylum Porifera
Phylum Cnidarian
Includes jellyfish, corals, hydras All live in water Reproduce sexually for the
most part, but can reproduceasexually through budding
radial symmetry sting
Phylum Cnidarian
Nematocysts, coiled and uncoiled
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flatworms Flat, thin bodies bilateral symmetry (simplest animal
withthis)
Usually hermaphrodites Reproduce sexually or
asexually through regeneration
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Ex: planarians, flukes, and tapeworms.
Most are parasites
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Phylum Nematoda
Roundworms Examples: ascaris, pinworms,
heartwormsand hookworms
Hookworms
Phylum Nematoda
Phylum Nematoda
bilateral symmetry live in wet soil or watery habitats Sexual reproduction
Phylum Annelid
segmented worms Live in moist soil, saltwater, and
freshwater Bilateral symmetry Closed circulation True digestive system reproduce sexually Examples: earthworms
and leeches
Phylum Annelid
Phylum Mollusca
Examples: snails, slugs, oysters, clams, squids, and
octopuses Most live in saltwater and freshwater but some
do live onland
bilateral symmetry have a head, body and muscular “foot” Have gills (water) or a primitive lung (land) Open circulation Sexual reproduction soft bodies that contain organs A hard outside shell protects most mollusks
Phylum Mollusca
Phylum Arthropoda
•Largest group of invertebrates•segmented bodies with jointed legs, which add flexibility•exoskeleton contains chitin, the same sugar found in fungi cell walls (and nowhere else)•must Molt which is when they shed the old exoskeleton, after the new one has grown beneath it.
Molting…
Phylum Arthropoda
Three main groups: Crustaceans Arachnids Insects More groups are out there, but….
Crustaceans
Examples: Lobsters, crabs, crayfish, rolypolys(pillbugs) Must live in water or moist areas
Most have 5 pairs of legs, but often the first pair is modified into claws
Two OR three body segments, depending onspecies
Crustaceans
Arachnids
spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions,granddaddy long legs (harvestmen)
Six pairs of jointed appendages, 4 pairs ofwhich are legs.
2 body segments—cephalothorax andabdomen
Arachnids
Insects
Live almost everywhere, except in the deep ocean
Ex.: mosquitoes, flies, ants, and beetles 6 legs 3 body segments Since insects can fly, they can escape
predators—why they are successful! (only invertebrate that canfly!) Find food Find new habitats
Insects
Metamorphosis: a series of chemicallycontrolled changes in body structure from juvenile to adult
Insects
Complete metamorphosis: the changesin the animal’s form in which earlier stagesdo not look like the adult
Four stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult Ex.: butterfly
Insects
Incomplete metamorphosis: the younginsects resemble the adults
3 stages: egg, nymph, adult A nymph hatches from the egg with the
same general appearance as the adult,only smaller
Ex.: grasshoppers, cockroaches
Insects
Many insects are pests Fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes carry
microorganisms that cause disease Grasshoppers and caterpillars
destroycrops
Insects
Many insects are the food source for otherorganisms
Other insects are useful. Ex.: make honey, wax, silk
Insects pollinate flowers that produce fruits
Phylum Echinodermata
Sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, and seastars
Live in marine environments Name means spiny skin No body segments Radial symmetry have spines Have mouth, stomach, intestines, but no
head/brain Reproduce sexually or asexually through
regeneration
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Echinodermata
Have an endoskeleton Have tube feet to attach firmly to
surfaces and also to move Tube feet are like suction cups