INVERSIONInversion means putting the verb before the subject this happen in questions and in number of other cases.2 kinds of inversion:

TYPE A.In this case an auxiliary comes before the subject and the rest of the verb follows:

I have never felt better. Never have I felt better.

If there is no auxiliary do is used:

I understood only yesterday. Only yesterday did I understand.

TYPE B.In the other kind of inversion, the whole verb is placed before the subject,dois not used:

I love you, whispered John.

Inversion is used in written English or in formal public speeches.

In spoken English is after: HERE, THERE, NEITHER, NOR, SO...e.g.: So do I.

1. Inversion after negative or restrictive (omezujc) adverbs:

SELDOM, RARELY, SCARCELY, NEVER, HARDLY, NO SOONER, ONLY THEN, NOT ONLY, ONLY AFTER..., LITTLE, NOT UNTIL, UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES, AT NO TIME, ON NO CONDITION, ON NO ACCOUNT, NOT ONCE, ...

In all this cases, the negative adverb can be placed later without inversion, but sometimes you put it at the beginning for emphasizing.

NO INVERSIONINVERSION (TYPE A)

Ive never watched a better match.Never have I watched a better match.

I had no sooner arrived than I hadNo sooner had I arrived than I had a new problem

a new problem to cope with.to cope with.

Tim had hardly/scarcely left when the phone rang.Hardly had Tim left when the phone rang.

Harry not only missed the train but he also lostNot only did Harry miss the train, but he also

his case.lost his case.

Visitors are not allowed to feed the animalsOn no account are visitors allowed to feed the

on any account. any noanimals.

I only began to see the results after a year.Only after a year did I begin to see the results. I little realized my mistake.Little did i realize my mistake.

You shouldnt touch those wires underUnder no circumstances should you touch those

any circumstances.wires.

I didnt notice that I had the wrong umbrella Not until I got home did I notice that I had the

until I got home.wrong umbrella.

2. Inversion after adverbs of place (+noun) followed by intransitive verbs (nemaj za sebou pedmt)

COME, WALK, GO, LIE, STAND, LIVE ( type B)

Charles Dickens lived in this house. In this house lived Charles Dickens.

Now comes the best point.

Here comes John. There goes bus. = this is ordinary spoken English

The castle stood on a hill in front of us. On a hill in front of us stood a castle.

After short adverbs such as:

AWAY, OF, IN, OUT, DOWN, UP, ROUND + Verbs of motion + a noun object inversion is

used too:

Up went the plane. = There is more drama in this construction than in: The plane went up.

BUT!!! Up it went.

3. Other cases of inversion:

a. verbs of reporting:

What do you mean, asked Harry. - sloveso ped podmtemb. if- clauses:

If you should see them, let me know. Should you see them, let me know.

to be: If they were to find out, what would you do? Were they to find out, ...

If I had missed the train, ... Had I missed the train

c. neither, nor, so

I dont understand. Neither / Nor does he.

She agrees. So do I.

echo sentences:

They have to leave. So do I.

You mustnt steal. Neither must I.

They neednt apologize. Neither / Nor need you.

d. exclamations:

Isnt it cold!

Arent I lucky! - ne otaznk !!!

e. inversion after so / such + be

The floods were so devastating, that the area may never recover. So devastating

were the floods, ...

Such was the force of the storm, ...

f. as

I thought as did my colleagues, that it was wrong.

We were short of money as were most of people at that time.

QUESTION TAGSQ.T. are a way of adding a question to a statement. A positive statement has a negative tag and vice versa. If the intonation falls, the speaker expects the agreement, if it rises, the speaker has made it a genuine question.You agree with me, dont you? dont you? you expect: Yes, I do.

dont you? you expect: Yes / No.

You dont take sugar, do you? do you? you expect: No, I dont.Imperatives:

Dont drive too fast, will you?

Lets have a break, shall we?

Someones got to pay, havent they?

Nobody phoned, did they?

If there is a positive tag after a positive statement, the speaker expresses interest, concern, surprise, anger...

So youre getting married, are you?

You think youre funny, do you?

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